Unit4 Grammar and usage and Integrated skills
能力提升练
I. 阅读理解
Emilia dobek’s interest in space and the universe started in the third grade when she and her father watched a blooded moon—a total lunar eclipse (月食) -outside their Skokie house. “It is just really cool how the universe can change and how something like that happens,” Dobek said.
Now a seventh grader at East Prairie Elementary School. Dobek recently won the national Generation Beyond Challenge by designing a space station for traveling to Mars.
Dobek competed by handing in a two-minute video where she presents her design.
My design will not only ensure the safety of the astronauts（宇航员）but also make sure their comfort is out of this world she says in her video.
Dobek’s design calls for building the Mars Storage Station to store plentiful supplies. In the video，Dobek explains how her spacecraft（宇宙飞船）-the Adventure-will land in a space station Dobek’s design includes physical activity for the astronauts. They can choose their exercise machines and virtual（虚拟的）reality environment. So they will be able to watch downloaded shows and even see places on Earth such as their homes.
Dobek said she began her project by performing her research and then she constructed the design over three weeks to a month，working on it whenever she could including on weekends.
When Andrea Smeeton her teacher. saw the video and her design before they were sent. she said she had a feeling that she could win. “I don ‘t know why but maybe it was because the excitement and the detail in the project,” Smeeton said. “I have taught for a long time and many of my students are gifted but this project is just very creative and it gives hope to a space program. ”
Dobek and her parents traveled to Washington D. C. in April where they learned Dobek had won When she texted her teacher the happy results, Smeeton admitted that she cried.
“I want to tell other kids to follow their dreams,” Dobek said. “Whatever they want to do they should kind of just push for it. They should always try their best. ”
1. what change did Dobek show after watching the total lunar eclipse
A. She determined to be a scientist.
B. She took to working with her father.
C. She got interested in the universe.
D. She gave up her dream of becoming an astronaut
2. What can be learned about Dobek’s design
A. It replaces the role of the Adventure.
B. It enables astronauts to connect with their family.
C. It ensures the safety of the supplies in the spacecraft.
D. It aims to make life in the Mars space station comfortable
3. How did Smeeton feel about Dobek’s design after seeing it
A. She felt it was pretty amazing.
B. She felt it was a little disappointing.
C. She felt it was less fun than she had expected.
D. She felt it was as good as other students, designs.
4. what kind of girl is Dobek
A. Energetic and friendly.
B. Productive and selfless.
C. Strong-willed and generous.
D. Forward-looking and inventive.
Ⅱ. 完形填空
A lesson learned from my father
1 ，I was taught love by my father through examples. He is a foreman（工头）who works in construction sites. It becomes a 2 for me as I grow up seeing other construction workers who work with him come to our house every Saturday. That’s when he will give them their 3 for the week.
I know my father as someone who is a rather 4 man，just observing everyone around him. He is someone who is strict when it comes to discipline However，being raised by him，I never felt 5 . Maybe that is because I have seen his gentleness and 6 to us and to others. Since he is a foreman I would often see him patiently talking to the construction workers whenever they have 7 . He is like a father or a brother to them.
One time he came home and told me that he would treat me because he had 8 his salary. Later that day a fellow 9 worker came to our house just to talk to him. He 10 advice as to where he could go to 11 assistance for his sick child. I saw how my father listened 12 and patted（轻拍）his friends back while his friend was crying. When his friend was about to go home，my father got his 13 and gave his salary to his friend，leaving only 2，000 pesos（比索）in his wallet.
I was so shocked when he did that，and so proud that my father was willing to give 14 all of his salary to his friend. It is a lesson I will always 15 .
1. A. Staying up B. Growing up C. Putting up D. Looking up
2. A. business B. character C. behavior D. routine
3. A. tasks B. necessities C. salaries D. cost
4. A. quiet B stubbor C. easy-going D. sensitive
5. A. cheated B. annoyed C. threatened D. disappointed
6. A. determination B. attention C. respect D. love
7. A. Lessons B. situations C. problems D. choices
8. A. accepted B. receive C. offere D. donated
9. A. construction B. communication C. asked for D. repair
10. A. dreamed of B. relied on C. asked for D. cared about
11. A. appreciate B. seek C. prepare D. arrange
12. A. pitifull B. strangely C. gratefully D. gentl y
13. A. pocket B. package C. wallet D. phone
14. A. almost B. only C. really D. actually
15. A. notice B. remember C. understand D. accept
Ⅲ. 语法填空
Each year, some 50 to 100 million animals are used in scientific research around the world. Animal testing allows researchers to develop new medicine and (1) [ ] (treat), advancing the field of medicine and improving the health of society. For example many drugs used to treat or prevent cancer, HIV, etc. , have resulted from tests (2) [ ] (do) on animals.
Animal testing also makes (3) [ ] possible for scientists and researchers to test the safety of medicine. Drugs may pose significant risks to humans, so testing them on animals first (4) [ ] (give) researchers a chance to determine their safety before human trials are performed.
However, a significant number of animals (5) [ ] (harm) or die as a result of experiments and testing each day. Those who oppose animal testing say such experiments are (6) [ ] (stress) and sometimes painful for animals. Opponents also argue that animals are quite different from humans, (7) [ ] (make) the results of animal testing unreliable. Thousands of activists worldwide are campaigning for raising awareness and demanding an end (8) [ ] animal testing.
Animal testing has taught human beings a great deal and saved a large number of (9) [ ] (life ) It needs to be continued. even if that means animals sometimes suffer. However. new measures should be taken to reduce the number of animals used in experiments and improve the way in (10) [ ] scientific research is conducted
1. ______ 2. ______ 3. ______ 4. ______ 5. ______
6. ______ 7. ______ 8. ______ 9. ______ 10. ______
参考答案：
Ⅰ.
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了女孩Sobek对太空有很大的兴趣，并且通过设计一个去火星的空间站赢得了大奖。
1. C 细节理解题。根据第一段第一句 Emilia sobek’s Interest in space and the universe started in the third grade when she and her father watched a blooded moona total lunar eclipse（A食）-outside their skokie house. （Emilia dobe对太空和宇宙的兴趣始于三年级，当时她和她的父亲在他们在斯科基的房子外观看了一次月全食。）可知，在观看完月全食后 Sobek对太空和宇宙产生了兴趣。故选C。
2. D 细节理解题。根据第四段中 Sobek所说的话 My design will not only ensure the safety of the astronauts（宇航员）but also make sure their comfort is out of this world可知，Sobek的设计不仅能确保宇航员的安全，还能确保他们的舒适度。故选D。
3. A 推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中的“Idon’t know why but maybe it was because the excitement and the detail in theproject，"Smeeton said. I have taught for a long time and many of my students are gifted but this project is just very creative and it gives hope to a space program. ”可知，Smeeton对这个项目感到惊讶，认为这个项目非常有创意，它给太空计划带来了希望。由此可推知，Smeeton认为 Sobek的设计非常让人惊讶。故选A。
4. D 推理判断题。根据本文内容可知，Sobek对太空非常有兴趣，并且设计了一个去火星的空间站，她的老师认为这个设计给太空计划带来了希望，由此可推知，Sobek非常具有远见和创造力。故选D。
Ⅱ.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。作者当工头的父亲为人和善，热心帮助别人，通过实际行动给作者树立了榜样。
1. B 根据第一段和全文的内容可知，这种爱是在作者“成长（Growing up）”的过程中父亲所教的。
2. D 根据下文可知，工人们是每个周六发一周的工资，所以每个周六作者都看见那些工人到自己家里来领工资，这对作者来说成了一种“惯例（Routine）。
3. C 根据上下文可知，作者的父亲是工头，负责发放“工资salaries。
4. A 下文中提到父亲只是观察周围的人，由此推知父亲是一个寡言少语的（quiet）人。B项意为“固执的”；C项意为“随和的”；D项意为“敏感的”。
5. C 尽管父亲寡言少语且要求严格，但作者在长大的过程中从来没有觉得父亲的态度对自己来说是一种威胁，下文中谈到了原因。threatened受到威胁的。
6. D 根据第一段第一句中的提示 I was taught love by my father及下文描述的父亲对工友的关心可知，父亲是很有“爱（love）”的。
7. C 作者的父亲是工头，很关心他的工友们，工友们有“问题（problems）”时父亲会耐心地与他们交谈。
8. B 有一次，父亲回家决定请作者吃一顿好的，可见，父亲是“收到（received）”了工资。
9. A 根据上文可知，此处指建筑队的一个工友。
10. C 根据下文可知，这位工友的孩子病了，来作者家里“请求（asked for）”建议，也就是来寻求帮助。A项意为“梦想”；B项意为“依赖”；D项意为“在乎”。
11. B 孩子病了，那个工友来和作者的父亲商量到哪里“寻求（seck）”帮助。
12. A 作者的父亲“怜悯地（pitifully）”听着这个消息。B项意为“奇怪地”；C项意为“感激地”；D项意为“轻轻地”。
13. C 根据下文中的提示 leaving. . in his wallet可知工资是“钱包（wallet”里取出来的。
14. A 根据上一段最后一句可知，作者的父亲仅仅留下了2，000比索，可见是把“几乎（almost）”所有的工资给了工友。
15. B 此处呼应第一段第一句，作者从父亲身上学到了如何爱别人这一重要的、有益的教训，作者永远都会“记得（remember）”这个教训。
Ⅲ.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。每年都有大约5，000万到一亿只动物被用于科学研究。作者认为，应该采取措施减少实验所用动物的数量，提高实验的科学效率。
1. treatment（s） 考查名词。空格中所填单词在句中作 develop的宾语，需用 treat的名词形式。treatment表示“治疗，疗法”时既可以作可数名词也可以作不可数名词。
2. done 考查非谓语动词。done on animals是过去分词短语作定语，修饰 tests，动词do与其逻辑主语 tests之间是被动关系。
3. it 考查代词。it在句中作形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的不定式短语 to test the safety of medicine。
4. gives 考查时态和主谓一致。此处在陈述一个事实，应用一般现在时；动名词短语 testing them on animals first作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。
5. are harmed 考查时态、语态及主谓一致。根据 each day和语境可知应用一般现在时；animals和harm之间是被动关系，故用被动语态；主语是复数，故填 are harmed。
6. stressful 考查形容词。and连接并列成分，由 painful可知此处应用形容词作表语，表示“压力重的”，故填 stressful。
7. making 考查非谓语动词。making the results of animal testing unreliable是现在分词短语作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果。
8. to 考查介词。demand an end to sth. 是固定搭配，意为“要求停止某事”。
9. lives 考查名词的数。由于说的是许多人的生命，且空前有a large number of修饰，故用life的复数形式。
10. which 考查定语从句。in which scientific research is conducted是“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句，修饰先行词 the way。Unit4 Grammar and usage and Integrated skills
基础过关练
I. 单词拼写
1. It is an effective treatment for the ______（细菌）and does kill them off.
2. Record profits in the retail market ______（表明）a boom in the economy.
3. She was involved in a serious car ______（事故）last week.
4. It remains to be seen if the show will find ______（喜爱）with an audience.
5. A sudden flash of ______（闪电）lit everything up for a second.
6. Surgeons placed a ______（金属）band around the kneecap to help it knit together.
7. See the dark clouds？I’m sure a ______（雷雨）is coming.
8. She was wearing two blue silk ______（带子）her hair.
9. Go out and buy a pair of glasses，and ______（把记在……账上）It to us.
10. There are four ______（突出的）candidates.
11. He remained the most popular ______（政治家）In France.
12. Please examine the insulation of the ______（电的）wires in my house.
II. 用方框内短语的适当形式填空
by accident; with a bang; catch the attention of; far from; go off; be known for; work out; go through; look like
1. She discovered the problem _____________.
2. A good advertisement should stand out and _____________ people who are watching TV.
3. He was _____________ being satisfied with the way the things were done.
4. a few minutes later the bomb _____________ destroying the vehicle.
5. He _____________ taking a tough line on security.
6. Things just didn’t _____________ as planned.
7. You don’t _____________ want your living room to a bedroom.
8. It was evident that someone had _____________ my possessions.
9. The school year started off _____________ when I was named class president.
III. 单句语法填空
1. Standing at the top of the mountain, we admired the _______ (surround) scenes.
2. Susan is a very _______ (intelligence) woman who knows her own mind.
3. He never wanted to make friends with office _______ (politic).
4. _______ (electric) provides us with warmth and light.
5. Unfortunately, due _______ unforeseen circumstances, this year’s show has been cancelled.
6. I now look forward to _______ (go) back to work as soon as possible.
7. The details of the plan are still being worked _______.
8. This sample will help to catch the attention _______ your potential employer.
9. It was obvious that much of what they recorded was far the truth.
10. I’m sorry I’m late; I overslept because my alarm clock didn’t go _______.
Ⅳ. 完成句子
1. 随着水从窗子漫进来，灯全部熄灭了。
as the water came in from the windows all the lights______ ______.
2. 受伤的工人现在在医院受到良好的照料。
The ______ workers are now ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ in the hospital.
3. 昨晚被邀请参加你的宴会的那些所谓的客人是谁呀？
Who were the so-called guests ______ ______ ______ ______ last night？
4. 直到2019年，他的写作才能才得以发挥。
______ ______ ______ ______2019 that his ability to write gelled.
参考答案：
I.
1. bacteria 2. indicate 3. accident 4. favour 5. Lightning 6. metal
7. thunderstorm 8. ribbons 9. charge 10. Standout 11. politician
12. electric
II.
1. by accident 2. catch the attention of 3. far from 4. went off 5. is known for 6. work out 7. look like 8. gone through 9. with a bang
III.
1. surrounding 考查形容词。句意：我们站在山顶上，欣赏四周的景色。形容词修饰名词，空处修饰名词 scenes，故用形容词形式。
2. intelligent 考查形容词。句意：苏珊是个非常聪明、有主见的女子。形容词修饰名词，空处修饰名词 woman，故用形容词形式。
3. politicians 考查名词及其单复数。句意：他从不愿意和善于搞办公室政治的人做朋友。根据语境可知，空处表示“政客”；politician为可数名词，空前无限定词，该处用复数。
4. Electricity 考查名词。句意：电给我们提供了温暖和光亮。空处作主语，根据语境可知，空处表示“电”，故可知答案。
5. to 考查固定搭配。句意：遗憾的是，由于一些意外情况，今年的演出被取消了。due to为固定搭配，意为“由于因为。
6. going 考查动名词。句意：我现在渴望尽早回到工作岗位。look forward to中to为介词，后接动名词形式。
7. out 考查固定搭配。句意：计划的细节仍在制订中。work out为固定搭配，意为“制订”。
8. of 考查固定搭配。句意：这个样本会帮助你吸引你潜在雇主的注意力。catch the attention of为固定搭配，意为“吸引……的注意力”。
9. from 考查固定搭配。句意：显然，他们所记录的很多根本不是事实。far from为固定搭配，意为“远非”。
10. oof 考查固定搭配。句意：对不起我迟到了；我睡过了头，因为我的闹钟没有响。go off为固定搭配，意为“（铃声等）突然响起”。
IV.
1. went off 2. injured being taken good care of 3. invited to your party
4. It was not until
