北师大版（2019） 必修第一册 Unit 1 Life Choices Lesson 1 Lifestyles 语法动词不定式 课件-(18张ppt)

(共18张PPT)
The Infinitive(2)
动词不定式
定义
结构
动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种，它没有 和 的变化，在句子中不能独立作 ，可在句中用做多种 。
肯定结构：
否定结构：
用法（1）
人称
数
谓语
句子成分
to do(动词原形）
not to do
作主语：
句首
it作形式主语
for sb/of sb
作表语：
说明主语
实义动词 do
03
动词不定式作宾语补足语
04
动词不定式用法（2）
动词不定式作宾语
He likes English.
We saw him out.
主
谓
宾
主
谓
宾
宾补
03 动词不定式作宾语
动词不定式位于谓语动词(及物动词)之后，作动词的宾语，表明意图、计划、希望或决定。
eg.We hope to get there before dark.
The girl decided to do it herself.
那么，哪些动词能接不定式作宾语呢？
决心学会有希望(decide, determine, learn, wish, hope)
忘记拒绝会失败(forget, refuse, fail)
同意计划莫假装(agree,plan,pretend)
提供请求负担起(offer, beg, demand,afford)
准备设法来帮忙(prepare,try, manage,help)
答应安排理应当(promise, arrange, be supposed)
03
短语：would like
03
1.We would like (go) to Beijing tomorrow.
2. The driver failed (see) the other car in time.
3.I decided (go) to the countryside on vacation.
4.(2009)Tom started (collect) stamps when he was five.
5.(2011)The boy tried (jump) over the fence(栅栏).
6. John doesn’t ________________(想放弃) his study.
03 动词不定式作宾语
作宾语的不定式如果带有自己的补足语时，则须用it作形式宾语，而将不定式置于补足语之后。
常用句型:sb. think / find /feel/believe/make/consider+ it+ adj./n + to do
eg.I feel it honour to be invited.
能受到邀请我感到很荣幸。
I found it difficult to make her stop crying.
我发现要让她停止哭很难的。
形式宾语
真正宾语
03 考题链接
1.他认为学英语是有用的。
He thinks .
2.我发现学习一门语言很难。
I find .
3.I feel it my duty (do) so.
4.I think it impossible (finish) all the work in a day.
it useful to learn English
it difficult to learn a language
03 动词不定式作宾语
不定式一般不作介词的宾语，但可作介词but, expect的宾语，并且当前面有动词do时，不定式的to要省略。
eg. 我们只能更加努力学习。
We have no choice but (study) harder.
=We can do nothing but (study) harder.
Now we can’t do nothing but (wait) for him.
04 动词不定式作宾语补足语
有些动词后面能接不定式作宾语补足语 ：ask, allow, advise, encourage, order, permit, teach, tell, want, wish, call on, wait for等。
ask sb. to do sth.
eg.The teacher told us to do Exercise 1.
My mother doesn’t allow me to go out alone at night.
The doctor advised her not to eat too much sugar.
I wish you to go to the meeting with me.
She asked me to stay here.
04 考题链接
1. Last week our geography teacher told us ______ more information about how to protect the environment. (2008)
A. get B. got C. to get D. getting
2.The teacher asked us ___ so much noise.(2003)
A.don't make B.not make C.not making D.not to make
3.My advisor encouraged ___ a summer course to improve my writing skills.(2004)
A.for me taking B.me taking C.for me to take D.me to take
有些动词后接不带to的不定式作宾补，但在变为被动语态的时候要还原to。
三使
一感觉
两听
五看
see, watch, notice, observe, look at
hear, listen to
feel
make, let, have
04 动词不定式作宾语补足语
eg.His boss made him work till night.
I heard Jim sing in his bedroom.
I saw Ann play basketball on the playground.
变为被动语态的时候要还原to
He was made to work till night by his boss.
Jim was heard to sing in his bedroom.
Ann was seen to play basketball on the playground.
04
04 考题链接
1. We saw him the building and go upstairs
A.to enter B.enter C.entering D.entered
2. So much work usually makes them very tired.
A. to feel B. feels C. feeling D. feel
3. I was made my homework in the afternoon.
A.do B.doing C. to do D.did
4.When I was walking in the street , I saw a plane over my head.
A. flies B. flying C. flew D. to fly
拓展
感官动词后既可跟不带to的不定式作宾补，也可跟v-ing作宾补，前者表示动作的全部过程已结束；后者表示动作正在进行。
　I saw him come downstairs.
我看见他下了楼。
I saw him coming downstairs.
我看见他在下楼。
　
04 动词不定式作宾语补足语
动词help接不定式作宾补时，不定式to可以省略，也可以不省略。
eg.I am so busy that I can’t help you (to) clean the room.
Summary
谓语动词之后，表明意图、计划、希望或决定
作宾语
Please enter the text you want to express.
作宾语补足语
动词后面接不定式作宾补
it作形式宾语
but, expect
前面有动词do，to要省略
有些动词后接不带to的不定式作宾补（还原）
help
Thank you for your listening!