【核心素养目标】Unit 4 Inventions Period 1 Reading 1教案

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
牛津深圳·广州版英语八年级上册第1课时教学设计
课题 Inventions 单元 Unit 4 学科 英语 年级 八
教材分析 The topic of this unit is invention, and this lesson is a reading lesson. Through reading, students can understand the history of these inventions and their great contributions to human society. The main content of the text is to introduce the history of the three inventions, wheel, telephone and electric light, and their impact on people's lives. Students learn the text, have some knowledge about inventions, can look at them objectively, and can realize that these great inventions have a great effect on human beings. They have changed human life and promoted the development and progress of society and science and technology. Learning about inventions and related knowledge of scientists can stimulate students' passion for science and cultivate their exploration spirit and innovation consciousness.
学习 目标与核心素养 1.Knowledge objectives: ①Read and master the usage of important words and phrases. ②Learn about the history and importance of the three inventions in daily life. 2.Skill objectives: ①Learn about the history and importance of the three inventions in daily life. ②Be able to use skimming, skipping and other reading strategies to develop students' reading ability. ③ Be able to combine the title, introduction, illustration and subtitle of the article to obtain key information. ④Students can guess the meaning of words and find key information according to the context. ⑤Cultivate students' intercultural communication ability by learning the world's famous inventions and inventors. 3.Emotional objectives: Students can be proud of our great inventions and love our motherland. 4.Thinking capacity Cultivate students' ability to discover the essence of things, analyze and summarize, and innovate.
重点 Be able to combine the title, introduction, illustration and subtitle of the article to obtain key information.
难点 Students can guess the meaning of words and find key information according to the context.
教学过程
教学环节 教师活动 学生活动 设计意图
导入新课 一、Discussion Do you know who are the following four scientists What did they invent Thomas Alexander John Edison Graham Bell Boyd dunlop light bulb telephone wheel The teacher introduces the topic of class discussion to the students. Do you know who are the following four scientists What did they invent Students should observe the pictures carefully in groups and answer which scientists are in the four pictures according to their knowledge What inventions have scientists made The group summarized and sent representatives to answer questions to the teacher. 小组课堂讨论激发学生学习的主观能动性，有利于促进生生互动，同时也有利于促进师生互动。学生根据教师提出的问题学生相互交流个人看法，进行争论和辩解，巩固所学知识。提高语言表达能力以及分析问题、解决问题的能力，培养学生的创新意识、探索精神和自主学习的习惯。
讲授新课 二、Key words 1.telephone n.电话;电话机v.给某人打电话 2.wheel n.轮;车轮;轮子 3.light bulb n.(电)灯泡 4.comfortable adj.使人舒服的;舒适的 5.century n.100年;百年;世纪 6.invent发明 7.develop vt.开发;研制 8.since then自那以来 9.daytime n.白天;日间 10.in history 历史上 Let’s play. 小组活动：比一比，看谁快速、流利地从下而上读出所有单词。 四、完成教材第50页A，B。 五.完成教材C52页Vocabulary中C1,C2。 Exercise 一、Read the text and complete the table. (1)The wheel:Not mentioned; A few thousand years ago;Travelling became faster and more comfortable. (2)The telephone:Alexander Graham Bell; in 1876; People can speak to each other overlong distances.Millions of people, across the world own mobile phones. (3) The light bulb:Thomas Edison;in 1879 people can do as many things in the evenings as they can in the daytime. 二、 阅读课文，回答问题。 (1)Why does the writer think great inventions change the world (2)Which of the three inventions was invented first (3)What inventions did the wheel make possible (4)Which one allows people to keep in touch with each other anytime and anywhere，the telephone or the mobile phone (5)How did people see at night before the invention of the practical light bulb (6)Which of these inventions do you think is the greatest one in human history Why 答案： (1)Because they help people live a better life. (2)The wheel. (3)Carriages, cars and trains. (4)The mobile phone. (5)People had to use oil lamps, gas lamps or candles to see at night. (6)The wheel. because it makes travelling became faster and more comfortable. 三、阅读理解 (1)What do you think the text is mainly about A.Great inventions. B.History stories. C.Science and life. D.Easy living ways. (2) After the invention of the wheel,it became possible to_______. A.travel around safely B.talk over long distances C.travel with trains and cars D.do things in the evenings (3)What did Alexander Graham Bell and Thomas Edison have in common (共性) a.living in the 19th century b.helping people keep in touch easily c.developing the first practical light bulb d.making people live a better life e.being one of the greatest inventors A.b,c, e B.a, d, e C.b, C, d D.C, d, e (4) The wheel was probably invented _________. A.in the early 19th century B.at the start of the 20th century C.a few thousand years ago D.more than one hundred years ago (5)Who developed the first practical light bulb A.Alexander Graham Bell. B.Leonardo Da Vinci. C.Thomas Edison. D.We don't know. 答案:ACBCC 七、Language point 1.The following are three of the most important inventions in history.下面就是历史上最重要的发明中的三项。 (1)the following下述; 下列 句中谓语动词的单复数形式取决于后面谈及的人或事物的单复数。 The following is a short summary of the article.下面是这篇文章的一个简短的摘要。 (2)in history 历史上 You're going to write the next chapter in history.你们将在历史中写下新的篇章。 His name will live _________(历史上)as one of the greatest bowlers of all time. 答案:in history 2.After its invention, travelling became faster and more comfortable. 在它发明之后，旅行变得更加快捷、更加舒透了。 comfortable adj.使人舒服的;舒适的。可在句中作定语或表语。其比较级和最高级分别为more comfortable,most comfortable。 This movie theater has the most comfortable seats.这家电影院的座椅最舒服。 根据中文含义填空 My own tastes run to a ___________ (舒适的) apartment, somewhere high in a modern building. 答案:comfortable 3.In the early 19th century.在19世纪初...... century n.100年;百年;世纪。复数形式为centuries。a century=one/a hundred years“一百年” 。表示“多少世纪”必须用序数词，而且要在序数词前加定词the。 in the 21st century在21世纪 in the mid-19th century/in the middle of the 19th century在19世纪中叶 at the start/end of the 19th century在19纪初/末 The chapel was built in the 12th century and is still in use today. 这座小教堂建于12世纪，今天仍在使用。 根据中文含义填空 Classical landscapes were a popular subject with many 18th ________(世纪) painters. 答案:century 4. Alexander Graham Bell invented One of the first practical telephones in 1876. 亚历山大.格雷姆.贝尔在1876年发明第一批可用的电话中的一部。 辨析: invent与discover invent发明;指发明以前未曾有过的东西，如发明新的工具、方法等。 discover发现;指发现客观上已存在，但不为人所知的东西或事情。 Gilbert discovered electricity, but Edison invented the light bulb.吉尔伯特发现了电，但爱迪生发明了电灯泡。 根据中文含义填空 ①Telegraph was________ (发明) by Samuel Morse in 1844. ②Marine life was _________ at depths previously thought to be azoic. 答案:invented;discovered 5. Since then, people have been able to speak to each other over lone distances.自那以来，人们可以彼此远距离通话了。 since then自那以来，从那时起常与现在完成时连用。 Since then, Michael has lived an unexceptional life. 自那以后，迈克过着平淡的生活。 (2021.南京中考) I saw Julia in April and I ____ her since then. A. don't see B. didn't see C. won't see D. haven't seen 答案:D 6.Thomas Edison developed the first practical light bulb in 1879.托马斯.爱迪生在1879年研制了第一个可用的电灯泡。 develop 及物动词;开发;研制 development 名词;发展 We need to develop solar energy. 我们需要开发太阳能。 We need to develop local industries.我们需要发展地方工业。 根据中文含义填空 ①Researchers around the world are collaborating to _______ (开发;研制) a new vaccine. ②Conditions were set fair for stable economic _____________(名词;发展). 答案:develop;development 7.With light bulbs, people can do as many things in the evenings as they can in the daytime. 有了电灯泡，人们可以在晚上做和白天一样多的事情。 (1)with 介词;带有;具有 She spoke with a strong Australian accent.她说话带有浓重的澳大利亚口音。 (2)daytime;不可数名词;白天;日间 in the daytime在白天 Tigers and foxes often sleep in the daytime.老虎和狐狸经常在白天睡觉。 根据中文含义填空 ①I am wearing a plaid nightgown trimmed _____ (带有) white lace. ②In the________(白天) he stayed up in his room, sleeping, or listening to music. 答案:with;daytime First, the teacher shows the word cards to the students and plays the recording. Let the students listen to the recording. Then the teacher teaches students to read phonetic symbols. When students can spell words with phonetic symbols, they explain the rules of word pronunciation and summarize the rules of word pronunciation and spelling. Explain the meaning of words. The teacher asks the whole class to read the words together, and correct the words that cannot be read or misspelled in time. The teacher guides students to play word games. The class is divided into four groups, and each group member plays games with each other. The group members compete to see who can read all the words from the bottom up quickly and fluently. In part A1, the teacher explains the topic requirements and teaches students to learn the words given in the text. The teacher can first teach students to spell the words with phonetic symbols, and then the students read aloud. Correct words with incorrect pronunciation or errors. The teacher explains the meaning of each word to the students, and the students fill in the blanks according to the requirements of the topic, sentence meaning and word meaning. A2 is a group discussion session, asking students to "How can these inventions help us in our daily life " Discuss the topic. The group members discuss and summarize their opinions and give answers in front of the whole class.Part B is the prediction part. Students look at the title, introduction, subtitles and pictures of the text on page 51 of the textbook to predict the content of the text and answer questions. Students first read the first question. The question is what are the three inventions mentioned in the article Students determine the answer according to the three subheadings. Second, which invention do you think is the greatest Why Students can give answers and reasonable explanations according to their own situations. Cl asks students to find words with similar meanings to the following italics from the passage on page 51. It is a word exercise. Students look at the topic and analyze the meaning of the topic. Find the line of the article where the word is located according to the prompts to find the correct answer. C2 Complete the following dialogue with the words in the box. If necessary, change its form. Bill and Maggie discussed when people started using cars Read the dialogue carefully, distinguish the meaning of words, and pay attention to filling in the blanks with the correct form. Read the text and complete the table. Three inventions of wheel, telephone and light bulb have been written in the table. Students can locate the subheading of each paragraph according to the main information and find out the inventor, invention time and changes in people's life after the invention. The second question is to read the text and answer the questions. Students find out the key words of the topic and locate the corresponding paragraphs to find the answers. The third question is reading comprehension. Students find key words, sketch important information, carefully identify options, and finally get the answer. Students record the knowledge points that need to be remembered according to the key points summarized by the teacher in class. You can make records by drawing pictures, drawing mind maps and other methods, carefully analyze typical examples, and master correct solutions. 单词教学能够激发学生学习兴趣，调动学习的积极性。单词教学让学生在愉快的气氛中掌握了丰富的知识，为学生创造了用英语表达思想、感情的机会，使学生体会到学英语的快乐。开展丰富多彩的活动。 英语课堂游戏有助于集中学生的注意力，活跃课堂气氛，激发学生学习动机。游戏教学能把较复杂的教学内容寓于轻松愉快的玩乐之中，寓学于玩，减轻学生学习负担。学生通过游戏提升表达能力，通过比赛培养良好的竞争意识和集体主义精神;通过小组合作，学会团结互助，养成良好的纪律习惯。 课文A1向学生展示图片，要求与单词进行配对。A2部分是谈论环节。两部分内容的教学目的是让学生学习发明相关的词语，通过练习让学生加深对单词的印象，起到巩固的作用。从单一的词汇练习到小组讨论练习，浅入深，讯循序渐进地引导学生从笔头练习过渡到口语交流环节，全面巩固所学知识，加强学生观察思维能力，客观分析事物并做出正确判断的能力，沟通交流能力，团队写协作能力。B部分训练学生通过略读，跳读等阅读策略预测文章的能力。 C1 Train students to find reading strategies, and strengthen their ability to sketch key words, locate and find reading. C2 is a word selection and filling in the blank. The main purpose is to train students to flexibly use the words they have learned to fill in the blank in grammar, so as to consolidate their vocabulary and grammar knowledge. 练习帮助学生对于他们的词汇量进行了有效的巩固和扩充,使得学生英语读写能力得到提高,加强培养学生的思维能力以及分析能力,在语言知识应用能力得到了全面地提升。教师通过练习了解学生有哪些知识没有完全理解或者明白，了解学生的学习情况并在教学进程及时调整教学计划。学生对错误的题目改正获得正确的理解。 教师复习本节课知识点，把本节课重点单词的含义，固定搭配等和单词所在的句子归纳出来。最后加上例题讲解，让学生在复习完知识点后进行巩固提升，掌握典型例题解题思路，解题方法，强化学生知识。把单一的知识归纳成知识网，举一反三，系统化知识点有利于学生学习和复习。
课堂练习 完成句子 1. Movie World有最舒适的座位和最好的服务。 Movie World has the most____________ seats and the best ________. 2.在白天，我得去超市工作。 I have to work in the supermarket ______________ . 3.世界上第一辆自行车有一个很大的前轮。 The first bicycle in the world has a big _______ in the front. 4.现代医学正在快速发展，医生们能够治疗并治愈大部分眼疾。 Modern medicine ___________ quickly. doctors ________ and cure most eye problems. 5.我们都认为，尽可能经常地彼此保持联系是非常重要的。 We all think it very important ___________________________ as often as possible. 6.阿尔弗雷德.诺贝尔就是发明出甘油炸药这种强力爆炸物的人。 Alfred Nobel _____________________________________________________. 7.2020年隔离封锁期间，同学们通过智能手机与朋友联系。 Students _____________with friends by smart phones during the quarantine lockdown in 2020. 8.自那以来，新发明改变了我们的生活。 _________, new inventions have changed our life. 9.你知道如何创建一个微信群吗 Do you know _____________ a WeChat group 10.电灯泡是历史上最伟大的发明之一。 The light bulb is one of the greatest __________ in________. 答案: 1.service;comfortable 2.in the daytime 3.wheel 4.is developing;can treat 5.to keep in touch with each other 6.kept in touch 7.Since then 8.how to create 9.inventions 10.history Students complete the class exercises according to the requirements of the topic. This question is to fill in the correct English words or phrases according to the Chinese meaning of the sentence. Students should observe the Chinese meaning of the topic and the sentence elements that need to be added, and complete the blanks according to the knowledge they have learned. 课堂练习堂练习是帮助老师们达到教学目标、完成教学任务的主要途径。教师把教材之中的重难点内容编写到课堂练习题中，通过做练习，巩固所学知识，激发学习英语知识的欲望，提高了英语教学品质。老师们通过练习完成情况深入地了解学生对于英语知识的学习态度，使用课堂练习的评语去评价学生，营造出一个更为轻松愉悦的英语学习环境，帮助老师和学生们进行互动。
课堂小结 The main content of the reading article in this lesson is to introduce the history of the three inventions, wheel, telephone and electric light, and their impact on people's lives. Students learn the text, master some knowledge about inventions, and understand that these great inventions have a great impact on human beings. These inventions have changed human life and promoted the development and progress of society, science and technology. 课堂小结能够让教师对本节课的学习内容，学生掌握知识的程度，教学方法，教学步骤等进行归纳总结。有利于教师根据实际情况对自身教学计划进行调整，完善教学计划。
板书 1.telephone n.电话;电话机v.给某人打电话 2.wheel n.轮;车轮;轮子 3.light bulb n.(电)灯泡 4.comfortable adj.使人舒服的;舒适的 5.century n.100年;百年;世纪 6.invent发明 7.develop vt.开发;研制 8.since then自那以来 9.daytime n.白天;日间 10.in history 历史上
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