【新课标】Unit 4 Inventions Period 1 Reading 1分层作业(含答案)

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Unit 4 Inventions
Period 1 Reading 1
分层作业
A层作业以夯实基础
一、单词拼写（词汇运用）
1．
— Read the i　 　 and you will learn the general idea of the book.
—
OK.
2．
Necessity is the mother of i　 　.
3．— Can you tell me
who invented the light b　 　
— Edison.
4．A carriage usually
has four w　 　.
5．You can call me a　 　
if you want me to help you.
6．The boy is very
smart. He c　 　 many inventions last year.
7．We can't see stars in the d　 　.
8．This pair of shoes is very c　 　.
9．One hundred years is a c　 　.
10．
The mirror is covered with a film(层) of d　 　.
二、单项选择
11．—What can we do to ________ COVID-19
—I think we should wash hands as often as possible and stay away from crowded places.
A．break B．invent C．prevent
12．A new way to kill locusts (蝗虫) ________ in Xinjiang last month.
A．is developed B．developed C．was developed D．will develop
13．—Do you feel ________ in that chair, Mike If not, sit on the sofa.
—Thank you.
A．hungry B．comfortable C．bored D．unlucky
14．—Football ________ by the British over 100 years ago.
—That’s why football is one of ________ popular games there.
A．was invented; the most B．invented; more
C．was invented; more D．invented; the most
15．— Lily, I will visit your hometown Xiangyang this summer vacation.
— Welcome! I’ll _________ you my best service.
A．offer B．send C．provide D．develop
16．For our safety, it’s important to _________ the traffic rules in our daily life.
A．form B．develop C．achieve D．obey
17．Hangzhou is very beautiful. Many _________ visit there every year.
A．passengers B．volunteers C．neighbors D．tourists
18．— Have you got Helen’s ________ for her good-bye party
— Yes, I’ll be there on time.
A．invention B．invitation C．instruction D．introduction
19．It’s an artist’s job ________ beautiful things.
A．create B．creating C．creates D．to create
20．—I can’t _____ my old friends after my cell phone was stolen.
—What a pity!
keep in touch with B．be in touch with C．get in touch with D．catch up with
B层作业：能力提升
三、语法填空
Which
is better, writing or typing(打字) These days, many college students
have given up taking class notes by hand.21　 　, they type on laptops because they
think typing is fast, and they can type22　 　 (many) notes, But research
has shown that taking notes by hand is in fact better for long term memory.
In
the research, students were asked to listen23　 　 a teacher. Some took notes by typing on a laptop.
The 24　 　 (other) took notes by writing them down. Then
they were given a test. Both groups got almost the same result in25　 　 (remember) the facts. But students who typed their
notes did worse on conceptual (概念的) questions.
Why
is it like this The answer is that writing by hand is slow, but it gives the
students more time26 　 (think) about the questions they don't understand.
They are27　 　 to write down the main points. "This leads
to a deeper understanding," say the scientists.
However,
the students typing notes on a laptop 28　 　 (usual) just write down what
the teacher says word for word in class. Although they can write more notes, they
just type without really 29　 　(think)
about what they are typing. "This usually leads to mindless transcription
(抄录),"say the
scientists.
So if
you want to remember something 30　 　(well),
write it by hand!
四、完形填空
阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出能填入相应空白处的最佳选项。
These
days, cars are designed using computers. Let's look at how a new car is
created.
First,
several （31） talk about the new car and any good ideas that
they have. Then they sit down at their computers and （32） many sketches. The best two or three drawings
are chosen and then more detailed drawings of the （33） are developed on the computer. You can change
the size, shape or color of any part on the computer to see how the car would
look and then you can （34） the best design.
Both the
inside and the outside of the car have to be designed. Part of the inside of
the car is （35） so that the designers can sit in it.
They can feel if there is enough （36） inside and if they can （37） everything.
Then some cars are built-there are more than 15, 000 parts of a car to （38） .
When
everything is known to be （39） the
cars are made in the factory. Again, computers are used to make sure that all
the parts are （40） as they are needed. The factory usually stays
open all through the night so that the car production never stops.
（31）A．drivers B．designers C．workers D．salesmen
（32）A．draw B．order C．type D．enjoy
（33）A．bicycles B．trains C．car D．bus
（34）A．choose B．buy C．draw D．see
（35）A．covered B．painted C．locked D．built
（36）A．metal B．glass C．leather D．room
（37）A．arrive B．taste C．reach D．make
（38）A．choose B．test C．show D．repair
（39）A．safe B．easy C．cheap D．fast
（40）A．nice B．free C．comfortable D．ready
五、阅读理解
The
son of a soap maker, Benjamin Franklin came into the world on January 17, 1706.
There was only enough money for Ben to attend school for two years. At the age
of 17, he made his way to Philadelphia. In 1741, the famous Franklin stove was
invented by him.
Before
Ben's invention of the Franklin stove, people heated their homes with a fire in
an open fireplace. Using a fireplace for heating was not good because most of
the warm air came up to the chimney (烟囱)
and was dangerous because the fire in the fireplace could set the house on fire.
Ben built a box-shaped stove for having the fire itself. After the metal warmed
up, the heat was out into the room. The Franklin stove used less wood and was a
safer way to heat buildings.
What's
more, Ben was already interested in electricity. After many years of hard work,
he finally had a plan to prove (证明) that
lightning was electricity and he was successful at last with his son's help. Although
he had many inventions in life, he never kept them himself. He wanted to share
them with people all over the world.
41．What can we know from the first paragraph
A．Ben's mother was a soap maker.
B．Ben was born in a poor family.
C．Ben went to England when he was 17.
D．Ben was not interested in inventing.
42．How did the invention of the Franklin stove help us
A．It helped us buy more warm houses.
B．It helped us read more books.
C．It helped us save money and be safer.
D．It helped us save some time to heat.
43．What does the last paragraph tell us
A．Ben and his stove. B．Ben and his family.
C．Ben's hard life. D．Ben and electricity.
44．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A．Ben was the only son in his family.
B．Ben went to school for only a year.
C．Ben bought a house in Philadelphia.
D．Ben did the lightning experiment with his son.
15．Why did the writer write the passage
A．To encourage us to write.
B．To tell us to learn more at school.
C．To tell us a famous inventor.
D．To encourage us to invent something.
C层作业:拓展延伸
全班分成四个小组讨论并制作一张以“The most useful invention to me”为题的海报。制作完成后互相评比，胜出的一组将海报贴在班级黑板报栏里。
要求：80词左右，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
提示:(1) What is the most useful invention to you in your daily life
(2) What do you use it for and how often do you use it
(3) How do you feel if you can't use it in your life
The most useful invention to me
Inventions change the world and our way of life. They help us live a better life.
I think it makes our life better and better.
答案解析部分
A层作业以夯实基础
一、单词拼写（词汇运用）
1．【答案】introduction
【解析】【分析】句意：——阅读这个介绍，你会了解这本书的主要意思。——好的。根据 you will learn the general idea of the book. 可知，要读一下书的介绍，介绍 introduction，故答案是introduction。
【点评】考查单词拼写，注意introduction的拼写形式。
2．【答案】invention
【解析】【分析】句意：需要是发明之母。of是介词，后面用名词，invention发明，不可数名词，故填invention。
【点评】考查名词拼写，首先理解句意，然后根据句意确定名词，注意识记不可数名词。
3．【答案】bulb
【解析】【分析】句意：——你能告诉我谁发明了电灯泡吗？——爱迪生。the light bulb电灯泡，指的是一项发明，所以用单数bulb，故填bulb。
【点评】考查名词拼写，注意平时识记其词义，理解句意。
4．【答案】wheels
【解析】【分析】句意：一辆马车通常有4个轮子。wheel，轮子，four后面用可数名词复数，wheel的复数是wheels，故填wheels，故填wheels。
【点评】考查名词拼写，注意可数名词单复数形式。
5．【答案】anytime
【解析】【分析】句意：如果你想让我帮助你，你可以随时给我打电话。任何时候用anytime，故填anytime。
【点评】考查副词拼写，注意平时识记其意思，理解句意。
6．【答案】created
【解析】【分析】句意：这个男孩非常聪明，他去年创造了许多发明。创造用create，last year表明时态是一般过去时，所以用过去式created，故填created。
【点评】考查动词拼写，注意句子时态。
7．【答案】daytime
【解析】【分析】句意：在白天我们看不到星星。星星只能在晚上看到，所以看不到星星的时候是白天，daytime，不可数名词，故答案是daytime。
【点评】考查单词拼写，注意单词daytime的拼写形式。
8．【答案】comfortable
【解析】【分析】句意：这双鞋很舒服。主语是鞋，空缺处是形容词作表语，能够修饰鞋的单词有新旧，大小，舒服不舒服，根据首字母可知填comfortable，故答案是comfortable。
【点评】考查单词的拼写，注意单词comfortable的拼写形式。
9．【答案】century
【解析】【分析】句意：100年就是一个世纪。根据 One hundred years，可知单词是“世纪”，世纪century，故答案是century。
【点评】考查单词拼写，注意单词century的拼写形式。
10．【答案】dust
【解析】【分析】句意：这个镜子覆盖着一层灰尘。灰尘用dust，不可数名词，故填dust。
【点评】考查名词拼写，注意平时识记不可数名词。
二、单项选择
11．C
【详解】句意：——我们能做些什么来预防新冠肺炎？——我认为我们应该尽可能经常洗手，远离拥挤的地方。
考查动词辨析。break打破；invent发明；prevent预防。根据“I think we should wash hands as often as possible and stay away from crowded places.”可知洗手、远离人群是预防新冠的手段。故选C。
12．C
【详解】句意：上个月，新疆研发出了一种杀灭蝗虫的新方法。
考查一般过去时的被动语态。根据时间状语“last month”，可知句子时态用一般过去时，且句子的主语是动作的承受者，因此应用被动语态；一般过去时的被动语态结构为：was/were+动词的过去分词。故选C。
13．B
【详解】句意：——迈克，你坐在椅子上舒服吗？如果不舒服，坐在沙发上。——谢谢你。
考查形容词辨析。hungry饥饿的；comfortable舒服的；bored感到无聊的；unlucky不幸的。根据“If not, sit on the sofa.”可知，sofa与chair的舒适度进行对比，应填comfortable“舒服的”，故选B。
14．A
【详解】句意：——足球是英国人在100多年前发明的。——这就是为什么足球是那里最受欢迎的运动之一。
考查语态和形容词。invent“发明”，the most“最”，more“更多的”，主语football与谓语invent之间是被动关系，因此用被动语态，排除BD两项。one of the+形容词的最高级+复数名词，表示“最……的……之一”，故选A。
15．A
【详解】句意：——莉莉，这个暑假我会去你的家乡襄阳看看。——欢迎！ 我会为您提供最好的服务。
考查动词辨析。offer提供，主动提出；send发送；provide提供；develop发展。根据“I’ll...you my best service.”可知，此处是指提供最好的服务。固定短语offer sb. sth.“给某人提供某物”。而D选项provide sb. with sth.“给某人提供某物”用法不符合。故选A。
16．D
【详解】句意：为了我们的安全，在日常生活中遵守交通规则是很重要的。
考查动词辨析。form形成；develop培养；achieve达到；obey遵守。根据“it’s important to… the traffic rules in our daily life”可知，遵守交通规则很重要，故选D。
17．D
【详解】句意：杭州非常漂亮。每年有许多游客去那里游玩。
考查名词辨析。passengers乘客；volunteers志愿者；neighbors邻居；tourists游客。根据“Hangzhou is very beautiful”可知，杭州很美，吸引游客去游玩。故选D。
18．B
【详解】句意：——你收到海伦的告别晚会邀请了吗？——是的，我会准时到那里。
考查名词辨析。invention发明；invitation邀请；instruction指示；introduction介绍。根据“good-bye party”可知，此处指告别晚会的邀请。故选B。
19．D
【详解】句意：创造美丽的事物是艺术家的工作。A. create动词，创造； B. creating动名词或现在分词，创造；C. creates动词三单，创造；D. to create动词不定式，创造。本句为固定句型“It’s+形容词/名词+to do sth.”, 意为“做某事是怎么样的”，其中动词不定式是正真的主语。故选D。
20．C
【详解】句意：——我的电话被偷了以后，我不能和老朋友取得联系了。——多遗憾啊！
考查动词短语。keep in touch with和某人保持联系，强调状态；be in touch with和某人保持联系，强调状态；get in touch with和某人取得联系，强调动作；catch up with赶上。根据“after my cell phone was stolen”可知，电话被偷了，应该是不能和老朋友取得联系。故选C。
B层作业：能力提升
三、语法填空
【答案】Instead；more；to；others；remembering；to think；able；usually；thinking；better
【解析】【分析】文章大意：短文论述了到底用手做比你好还是打字好，人们认为用手写字能够让人们进行深入思考，好找人们用手写字。
（21）句意：相反，他们用笔记本电脑打字，因为他们认为打字快。这是两个进行比较的句子，使用instead表示强调，故答案是Instead。
（22）句意：他们可以打印更多的笔记。对应前面的打字快，可以推测打印更多的笔记，应使用比较级many的比较级是more，故答案是more。
（23）句意：在调查中，学生被问到听老师讲课。listen to，听……固定搭配，故答案是to
（24）句意：其他人用手写字做笔记。some…the others，一些……其余的，故答案是others。
（25）句意：两组事实上得到了相同的结果。in是介词，介词后的动词使用ing形式，故答案是remembering。
（26）句意：这样会给学生跟多的去思考他们不明白的问题。思考问题作定语修饰time，因此使用动词不定式，故答案是to think。
（27）句意：他们能够记下重点。be able to能够，固定搭配，故答案是able。
（28）句意：然而，学生们通常在笔记本电脑上打印笔记。usual做状语，应使用副词usually，故答案是usually。
（29）句意：他们只是打字，没有真正的思考。Without介词，介词后的懂事使用ing形式，故答案是thinking。
（30）句意：如果你想把东西记忆得更好，用手记下来。根据前面的叙述可知，右手写字可以深入思考，记忆会更好，因此使用比较级better，故答案是better。
【点评】考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力，答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意，然后细读文章，字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。最后通读一遍，检查验证。
四、完形填空
【答案】（31）B；（32）A；（33）C；（34）A；（35）D；（36）D；（37）C；（38）B；（39）A；（40）D
【解析】【分析】 本篇是一篇说明文，介绍一款新车从创意构思到最后定型的过程。
（31）句意：首先，几个设计师谈论新车和他们好的主意。A、drivers司机，B、designers设计师，C、workers工人，D、salesmen售货员，根据后面draw many sketches，可知这里指“设计师”，故答案为B。
（32）句意：然后他们坐在电脑前画了许多草图。A、draw绘画，B、order命令，C、type输入，D、enjoy喜欢，根据后面sketches可知这里指“画了许多草图”，故答案为A。
（33）句意：选择最好的两到三张图纸，然后在计算机上绘制出更详细的汽车图纸。A、bicycles自行车，B、trains火车，C、car汽车，D、bus公共汽车， 本文介绍的是新车的研发。 故答案为C。
（34）句意：你可以改变电脑上任何部分的大小、形状或颜色，看看汽车的外观，然后你就可以选择最好的设计。A、choose选择，B、buy买，C、draw绘画，D、see看见，根据前面 You can change the size, shape or color of any part on the computer to see how the car would look 可知这里指“选择最好的设计”，故答案为A。
（35）句意：汽车内部的一部分是为了让设计师坐在里面。A、covered覆盖，B、painted绘画，C、locked上锁，D、built建造，这里指“建造汽车内部”，故答案为D。
（36）句意：他们可以试试里面是否有足够的空间。A、metal金属，B、glass玻璃，C、leather皮革，D、room房间，空间，这里指“汽车内部有足够的空间”，故答案为D。
（37）句意： 他们可以试试是不是能够接触到每个东西。 A、arrive到达，B、taste品尝，C、reach接触，D、make制作 ，这里指“接触每个东西”，故答案为C。
（38）句意： 一辆汽车有超过15000个部件需要测试。 A、choose选择，B、test测试，C、show展示，D、repair修理，这里指“测试零部件”，故答案为B。
（39）句意： 当一切零件被检测是安全的时候，工厂里才制造。 A、safe安全的，B、easy容易的，C、cheap便宜的，D、fast快的，这里指“安全检测”，故答案为A。
（40）句意： 再次电脑检测车的所有零部件以确保它们是准备好的。 A、nice好的，B、free自由的，免费的，C、comfortable舒服的，D、ready准备好的，故答案为D。
【点评】考查完形填空。解答完形填空题需要快速阅读全文，了解文章大意，再带着选项去读，边读边做，注意联系上下文。
五、阅读理解
【答案】41．B
42．C
43．D
44．D
45．C
【解析】【分析】短文大意：本文主要介绍一个发明家富兰克林及他的发明。
【点评】考查人物传记类阅读。段落大意题不能只凭文段中的只言片语而断章取义，需要在细读整段的基础上进行逻辑思维推理判断，从而获取本段内含的信息。
41．推理判断题。根据there was only enough money for Ben to attend school for two years他家只有够他读2年书的钱。可知他出生在贫穷的家庭。故答案为B。
42．细节理解题。根据The Franklin stove used less wood and was a safer way to heat building可知富兰克林炉能节能，省柴火，而且安全。故答案为C。
43．段落大意题。根据What's more, Ben was already interested in electricity和最后一段的内容可知这一段主要讲述富兰克林对电感兴趣，并且证明闪电是电。故答案为D 。
44．推理判断题。根据最后一段“he finally had a plan to prove that lightning was electricity and he was successful at last with his son's help”可知富兰克林在儿子的帮助下成功证明闪电是电。D选项表述正确。故答案为D。
45．推理判断题。根据短文内容可知本文主要介绍一个发明家富兰克林及他的发明。可知作者写文章是为了告诉读者一个伟大的发明家。故答案为C。
C层作业:拓展延伸
One possible version:
The most useful invention to me
Inventions change the world and our way of life. They help us live a better life. Of all the inventions, I think the mobile phone is the most useful invention.
The mobile phone has many functions. We can make phone calls to our family or friends anytime and anywhere. We can surf the Internet, listen to pop songs and watch films on it. What's more,we can use it to take photos.I almost use it every day, It's really convenient, Without it, I feel uncomfortable.
I think it makes our life better and better.
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