(共45张PPT)
Unit 4 Inventions
Period 1 Reading 1
牛津深圳·广州版八年级上册
Learning objectives
1.Knowledge objectives:
①Read and master the usage of important words and phrases.
②Learn about the history and importance of the three inventions in daily life.
2.Skill objectives:
①Learn about the history and importance of the three inventions in daily life.
②Be able to use skimming, skipping and other reading strategies to develop students' reading ability.
③ Be able to combine the title, introduction, illustration and subtitle of the article to obtain key information.
Learning objectives
④Students can guess the meaning of words and find key information according to the context.
⑤Cultivate students' intercultural communication ability by learning the world's famous inventions and inventors.
3.Emotional objectives:
Students can be proud of our great inventions and love our motherland.
4.Thinking capacity(思维品质)
Cultivate students' ability to discover the essence of things, analyze and summarize, and innovate.
Discussion
Do you know who are the following four scientists What did they invent
Thomas Edison
Alexander Graham Bell
John Boyd Dunlop
light bulb
telephone
wheel
telephone
[ tel f n] n.&v.
Alexander Graham Bell invented one of the first practical telephones in 1876.
亚历山大·格雷厄姆·贝尔于1876年发明了第一部实用电话。
Key words
The wheel is perhaps the greatest invention in history.
轮子也许是历史上最伟大的发明。
Key words
wheel
[wi l] n.
Thomas Edison developed the first practical light bulb in 1879.
托马斯·爱迪生于1879年发明了第一个实用灯泡。
light bulb
[ la t b lb] n.
Key words
Key words
The following are three of the most important inventions in history.
下面就是历史上最重要的发明中的三项。
in history
After its invention, travelling became faster and more comfortable.
在它发明之后，旅行变得更加快捷、更加舒透了。
comfortable
[ k mfr bl]adj.&n.
Key words
In the early 19th century.
在19世纪初......
century
[ sent ri]n.
in the 21st century
Key words
Alexander Graham Bell invented One of the first practical telephones in 1876.
亚历山大.格雷姆.贝尔在1876年发明第一批可用的电话中的一部。
invent
[ n vent]v.
近义词discover
Key words
Since then, people have been able to speak to each other over lone distances.
自那以来，人们可以彼此远距离通话了。
since then
Key words
Thomas Edison developed the first practical light bulb in 1879.
托马斯.爱迪生在1879年研制了第一个可用的电灯泡。
develop
[d vel p]v.
n. development
Key words
With light bulbs, people can do as many things in the evenings as they can in the daytime.
有了电灯泡，人们可以在晚上做和白天一样多的事情。
daytime
in the daytime
Key words
Presentation
Let’s play.
小组活动：比一比，看谁快速、流利地从下而上读出所有单词。
daytime
develop
invent
century
comfortable
light bulb
in history
telephone
wheel
since then
Reading
A What do you know about ...
A1 Inventions change our way of life. Look at the photos below. Write the name of each invention in the blanks.
computer light bulb paper telephone train wheel
_____________
_____________
_____________
paper
light bulb
train
Reading
_____________
_____________
_____________
wheel
telephone
computer
A2 How do these inventions help us in our daily lives In groups, discuss this with your classmates.
Inventions and creations promote the progress
of science and technology and human civilization,
improve people's living standards, and enable us
to enjoy many benefits brought by scientific and
technological progress.
For example:Computers help us find information easily...
Discussion
Reading
Sample 2:Smart phones enrich our lives and bring us convenience. People from a long distance can use WeChat chat, video call, QQ chat, entertainment, navigation, shopping, money transfer, utilities and other functions.
Sample 1:Computers help us find information easily.In daily life, we can learn about commodity information, business trends, political and economic forms, and learn related materials and life information through computer networks.
A2 How do these inventions help us in our daily lives In
groups, discuss this with your classmates.
Discussion
Which of the following inventions do you think is the most
important Please explain the reason.
Printing
Lamp bulb
Telephone
Bicycle
Bullet train
Mobile phone
Automobile
Computer
wheel
Inventions change our way of life. Making life more comfortable and convenient.
Reading
Look at the photos, the title, the introduction and the sub-headings of the article on page 51. Then answer the questions below.
1 What three inventions will the article talk about
2 Which invention do you think is the greatest invention Why
B Before you read
Great inventions change the world. They help people live a better life. The following are three of the most important inventions in history.
Great inventions
The wheel
The wheel is perhaps the greatest invention in history. After its
invent, travelling became faster and more comfortable. A few thousand
years ago, people started to use wheels on carriages. In the early 19th
century, the first trains began to carry passengers. At the start of the
20th century, cars became popular. Without the wheel, we would not have these inventions.
Reading
Reading
The telephone
Alexander Graham Bell invented one of the first practical
telephones in 1876. Since then, people have been able to
speak to each other over long distances. Today millions of
people, across the world own mobile phones. They allow
people to keep in touch with each other anytime, anywhere.
Reading
The light bulb
Thomas Edison developed the first practical light bulb in 1879.
Before the invention of the light bulb, people had to use oil lamps,
gas lamps or candles to see at night. With light bulbs, people can
do as many things in the evenings as they can in the daytime.
Can you imagine living without them
C Vocabulary
Cl Find words from the article on page 51 that have similar meanings to the words in italics below.
1 My new shoes felt nice and soft, (line 7) ____________
2 This modern city was only a small village a hundred years ago. (line 10) _________
3 All the people on the bus got excited when they arrived at the Great Wall, (line 11)_____________
4 The company produced a new camera last year.(line 24)___________
5 The swimming pool is open during the day. (line 29) __________
Reading
comfortable
century
passengers
developed
daytime
6. Will people _______ new types of transportation in the future (line 15)
7. How can I keep in touch with you if your ____________ is off all the time (line 20)
8. A good reporter must _________________ what is happening in the world. (line 21)
9. Mr Green’s plan was quite ________, so everyone agreed with him. (line24)
10.He opened the door and a strong wind blew out the _______. (line 27)
invent
mobile phone
keep in touch with
practical
candle
Reading
Reading
C2 Complete the conversation below with the words from the box. Change their forms if necessary.
Bill:When did people first start using cars
Maggie: People developed the first cars in the 1880s, and they started using cars a lot in the early 20th (1) ________.
Bill:I'm sure the people were very happy because cars are so fast and (2)___________.
Maggie: Not really. These early cars were very slow. They also created a lot of problems.
anytime century comfortable daytime passenger
century
comfortable
Reading
Bill: What do you mean
Maggie: Most people still had horses then, and the new cars made loud noises and frightened them. Also, (3) __________often got very dirty after a long ride, so many people didn't use them.
Bill:I suppose that people could only drive in the (4)_________ because those cars didn't have lights.
Maggie: That's not true. They had lights, so people could drive them (5)_________.
passengers
daytime
anytime
Name inventor Invention time Changes brought about by invention
The wheel
The telephone
The light bulb
Not
mentioned
A few thousand
years ago
Travelling became faster and more comfortable.
Thomas
Edison
Alexander
Graham Bell
in 1876
People can speak to each other over long distances.
Millions of people, across the world own mobile phones.
in 1879
people can do as many things in the evenings as they can in the daytime.
Exercise
Read the text and complete the table.
(1)Why does the writer think great inventions change the world
(2)Which of the three inventions was invented first
(3)What inventions did the wheel make possible
(4)Which one allows people to keep in touch with each other anytime and anywhere，the telephone or the mobile phone
(5)How did people see at night before the invention of the practical light bulb
(6)Which of these inventions do you think is the greatest one in human history Why
Because they help people live a better life.
The wheel.
Carriages, cars and trains.
The mobile phone.
The wheel. because it makes travelling became faster and more comfortable.
People had to use oil lamps, gas lamps or candles to see at night.
Exercise
一. 阅读课文，回答问题。
Exercise
(1)What do you think the text is mainly about
A.Great inventions. B.History stories. C.Science and life. D.Easy living ways.
(2) After the invention of the wheel,it became possible to_______.
A.travel around safely B.talk over long distances
C.travel with trains and cars D.do things in the evenings
(3)What did Alexander Graham Bell and Thomas Edison have in common (共性)
a.living in the 19th century b.helping people keep in touch easily
c.developing the first practical light bulb d.making people live a better life
e.being one of the greatest inventors
A.b,c, e B.a, d, e C.b, C, d D.C, d, e
二.阅读理解
√
√
√
(4) The wheel was probably invented_________.
A.in the early 19th century B.at the start of the 20th century
C.a few thousand years ago D.more than one hundred years ago
(5)Who developed the first practical light bulb
A.Alexander Graham Bell. B.Leonardo Da Vinci.
C.Thomas Edison. D.We don't know.
Exercise
√
√
二.阅读理解
Summary
1.telephone n.电话;电话机v.给某人打电话
2.wheel n.轮;车轮;轮子
3.light bulb n.(电)灯泡
4.comfortable adj.使人舒服的;舒适的
5.century n.100年;百年;世纪
6.invent发明
7.develop vt.开发;研制
8.since then自那以来
9.daytime n.白天;日间
10.in history 历史上
重要单词机短语
Language point
1.The following are three of the most important inventions in history.下面就是历史上最重要的发明中的三项。
(1)the following下述; 下列
句中谓语动词的单复数形式取决于后面谈及的人或事物的单复数。
The following is a short summary of the article.下面是这篇文章的一个简短的摘要。
(2)in history 历史上
You're going to write the next chapter in history.你们将在历史中写下新的篇章。
His name will live _________(历史上)as one of the greatest bowlers of all time.
in history
2.After its invention, travelling became faster and more comfortable. 在它发明之后，旅行变得更加快捷、更加舒透了。
comfortable adj.使人舒服的;舒适的。可在句中作定语或表语。其比较级和最高级分别为more comfortable，most comfortable。
This movie theater has the most comfortable seats.这家电影院的座椅最舒服。
根据中文含义填空
My own tastes run to a ___________ (舒适的) apartment, somewhere high in a modern building.
comfortable
Language point
3.In the early 19th century.在19世纪初......
century n.100年;百年;世纪。复数形式为centuries。a century=one/a hundred years“一百年” 。表示“多少世纪”必须用序数词，而且要在序数词前加定词the。
in the 21st century在21世纪
in the mid-19th century/in the middle of the 19th century在19世纪中叶
at the start/end of the 19th century在19纪初/末
The chapel was built in the 12th century and is still in use today.
这座小教堂建于12世纪，今天仍在使用。
根据中文含义填空
Classical landscapes were a popular subject with many 18th ________(世纪) painters.
century
Language point
4. Alexander Graham Bell invented One of the first practical telephones in 1876.
亚历山大.格雷姆.贝尔在1876年发明第一批可用的电话中的一部。
辨析: invent与discover
invent发明;指发明以前未曾有过的东西，如发明新的工具、方法等。
discover发现;指发现客观上已存在，但不为人所知的东西或事情。
Gilbert discovered electricity, but Edison invented the light bulb.吉尔伯特发现了电，但爱迪生发明了电灯泡。
根据中文含义填空
①Telegraph was________ (发明) by Samuel Morse in 1844.
②Marine life was _________ at depths previously thought to be azoic.
invented
discovered
Language point
Language point
5. Since then, people have been able to speak to each other over lone distances.自那以来，人们可以彼此远距离通话了。
since then自那以来，从那时起常与现在完成时连用。
Since then, Michael has lived an unexceptional life.
自那以后，迈克过着平淡的生活。
(2021.南京中考)
I saw Julia in April and I ____ her since then.
A. don't see B. didn't see C. won't see D. haven't seen
D
Language point
6.Thomas Edison developed the first practical light bulb in 1879.托马斯.爱迪生在1879年研制了第一个可用的电灯泡。
develop 及物动词;开发;研制 development 名词;发展
We need to develop solar energy. 我们需要开发太阳能。
We need to develop local industries.我们需要发展地方工业。
根据中文含义填空
①Researchers around the world are collaborating to _______ (开发;研制) a new vaccine.
②Conditions were set fair for stable economic _____________(名词;发展).
develop
development
Language point
7.With light bulbs, people can do as many things in the evenings as they can in the daytime.
有了电灯泡，人们可以在晚上做和白天一样多的事情。
(1)with 介词;带有;具有
She spoke with a strong Australian accent.她说话带有浓重的澳大利亚口音。
(2)daytime;不可数名词;白天;日间 in the daytime在白天
Tigers and foxes often sleep in the daytime.老虎和狐狸经常在白天睡觉。
根据中文含义填空
①I am wearing a plaid nightgown trimmed _____ (带有) white lace.
②In the________(白天) he stayed up in his room, sleeping, or listening to music.
with
daytime
Exercise
1. Movie World有最舒适的座位和最好的服务。
Movie World has the most____________ seats and the best ________.
2.在白天，我得去超市工作。
I have to work in the supermarket ______________ .
3.世界上第一辆自行车有一个很大的前轮。
The first bicycle in the world has a big _______ in the front.
4.现代医学正在快速发展，医生们能够治疗并治愈大部分眼疾。
Modern medicine ___________ quickly. doctors ________ and cure most eye problems.
5.我们都认为，尽可能经常地彼此保持联系是非常重要的。
We all think it very important ___________________________ as often as possible.
完成句子
comfortable
service
in the daytime
wheel
is developing
can treat
to keep in touch with each other
Exercise
6.阿尔弗雷德.诺贝尔就是发明出甘油炸药这种强力爆炸物的人。
Alfred Nobel _____________________________________________________.
7.2020年隔离封锁期间，同学们通过智能手机与朋友联系。
Students _____________with friends by smart phones during the quarantine lockdown in 2020.
8.自那以来，新发明改变了我们的生活。
_________, new inventions have changed our life.
9.你知道如何创建一个微信群吗
Do you know _____________ a WeChat group
10.电灯泡是历史上最伟大的发明之一。
The light bulb is one of the greatest __________ in________.
is the person who invented dynamite which is highly explosive
kept in touch
Since then
how to create
history
inventions
Exercise
Homework
朗读课文并抄写重点单词和短语。
完成课堂练习。
谢谢
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