2023届高三英语二轮复习：定语从句（关系代词、关系副词、写作运用）课件 15张
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| 名称 | 2023届高三英语二轮复习：定语从句（关系代词、关系副词、写作运用）课件 15张 |  | |
| 格式 | pptx | ||
| 文件大小 | 175.6KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 通用版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2022-10-13 19:30:38 | ||
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(共14张PPT)
Attributive Clause (1)
在复合句中，用作定语的从句叫定语从句。被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。
定语从句一般放在先行词的后面，由关系代词或关系副词引导。
引导定语从句的关系代词有：that, which, who, whom, whose等，关系副词有：where, when, why等。
Reviewing
基本概念
语法 法则 规则 逻辑 思维 理解
定语：修饰限定 a yellow sweater VS a sweater
从：从属、跟从：位置在后面
句：符合五大基本句型，含有谓语动词
从句在后，谁在前？
兵马未动，粮草先行
重难点 基础
总结：先行词是先走的那个词，从句后置，跟从先行词出现。
从句做定语，修饰先行词。
先行词
基本概念
关系词：两个及以上才能有关系。
关系词连接主句和从句；向前指代先行词；向后在从句中作句子成分。
Paul’s favorite player was Tyrone Bogues, a guy who played for the Charlotte Hornets.
Paul’s favorite player was Tyrone Bogues.
Tyrone Bogues played for the Charlotte Hornets.
When we were not playing on the court which was next to the building, we were watching a game on TV.
When we were not playing on the court, we were watching a game on TV.
The court was next to the building.
指物；作主语
指人；作主语
关系代词
指人：who/that
指物：which/that
指人/物的：whose
They were playing The Bears, a team whose record was perfect.
指代前面整个句子：which
Bogues was only 1.6 metres tall, which made him the shortest player ever in the NBA.
不能用that的情况：介词后；逗号后（非限制性定语从句）…
指人只能用whom的情况：介词后。
定语从句做题步骤
1. 判断是定语从句：无连词，且有两个动词；空格前面是名词/代词。
Being shorter than other players meant _____ he had to practice more.
2. 断句，画出从句。
(1) 从句在句尾。空格前面已有主谓宾完整主句，从空格起画到句子最后。
Everyone knew Paul was someone _______ worked really hard.
He was still usually on the bench, _______ was really tough on him.
He didn’t know he’s soon get the chance ________ he’d been waiting for.
(2) 从句在句中。空格前没有谓语动词，找出两个动词，从空格起画到第二个动词前。
All the extra hours ________ he’d spent practising alone paid off.
3. 补全从句，找出从句中关系代词指代什么。
who
which
which/that
which/that
练习
1 Have you found the keys ___________ you lost
2 We stayed at a hotel ___________ Tom recommended to us.
3 The people ___________ work in the office are very friendly.
4 What’s the name of the man _______ car you borrowed
5 The man ____________ I was sitting next to on the plane talked all the time.
6 He has two daughters, one of ______ is a teacher.
7 Paul won the first prize, _______was a great news for our school.
8 Tom’s friend is a teacher, _____ loves his students very much.
which/that
which/that
who/that
whose
who/that
whom
which
who
1. Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014_______ showed a mere five to ten minutes a day of running reduced the risk of
heart disease and early deaths from all causes.
2. The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005- when the government started a soil-testing program gives specific fertilizer
recommendations to farmers- and 2011, fertilizer uses dropped by 7.7 million tons.
3. Many westerners come to China cook much less than in their own countries
once they realise how cheap it can be to eat out.
4. Recent development has made possible machines print, cook
and serve foods on a mass scale.
5. Because of our efforts, our daughter Georgia did decide to donate
a large bag of toys to a little girl mother was unable to pay for her holiday due to illness.
which/that
which/that
who/that
which/that
whose
使用关系副词的情况：从句中不缺主语或宾语。
1. 先行词表示时间，关系副词when在从句中做时间状语。
October 1, 1949 was the day when the People’s Republic of China was founded.
2. 先行词表示地点，关系副词where在从句中做地点状语。
This is the place where the accident happened.
3. 先行词表示原因，关系副词why在从句中做原因状语。
I don’t know the reason why she looked unhappy yesterday.
我不知道她昨天为什么不高兴。
这就是事故发生的地方。
1949年10月1日是中华人民共和国成立的日子。
难点：一定要先判断从句是否缺主要成分。
符合五大基本句型即为完整。最基础：主谓宾，主谓，主系表。
从句都有动词，因此看是否缺少主语/宾语。
用补全句子的方式判断缺什么成分。借助先行词补全。
缺主语/宾语：关系代词（指代人或物）
不缺（从句明显完整或补出来有介词）：关系副词
1. 地点类
a) 这是鲁迅曾住过的房间。live: 不及物动词
This is the room where Lu Xun used to live.
This is the room which/that Lu Xun used to live in.
This is the room in which Lu Xun used to live. 介词后面不能用that
b) 这是我们去年参观过的房间。visit：及物动词
This is the room which/that we visited last year.
2. 时间类
a) 他将不会忘记与农民朋友一起生活的时光。
He will remember the days when he worked with the farmers.
b) 他将不会忘记在农村渡过的时光。
He will remember the days which/that he spent in the countryside.
3. 原因类
a) 我知道他为什么这样做。
I knew the reason why he did that.
b) 我知道他在会议上解释的原因。
I knew the reason which/that he explained at the meeting.
1. 听说你对剪纸感兴趣，我很高兴。（I’m delighted to）
I’m delighted to hear that you are interested in paper-cutting.
2. 剪纸是一种中国传统民间艺术，可以追溯到第4世纪。(folk art; date back to)
Paper-cutting, which dates back to the 4th century, is a traditional Chinese folk art.
3. 让我惊讶的是，剪纸用途广泛，比如可以用来装饰，用于宗教目的和图形设计。(a wide range of; for design patterns)
What makes me surprised is that paper-cutting has a wide range of uses, such as for decoration, for religious purposes and for design patterns.
从句写作运用
1. (2019·全国Ⅲ) 我给你写信的目的是邀请你参加下周六在我们学校举办的音乐节。（invite sb to do… music festival）
I’m writing to invite you to take part in the music festival which will be held in our school next Saturday.
2. (2019·全国Ⅰ) 我写信是想申请你们昨天在报纸上刊登的志愿者工作。（apply to… advertise.）
I’m writing to apply to work as a volunteer that you advertised in the newspaper yesterday.
定从与信件开头
3. (2019·浙江) 我很感激你为了提高我的英语所做的一切。（be grateful to sb for sth…）
I am grateful to you for everything that you have done for me to improve my English.
4. (2019·北京) 能给你提供一些旅行建议是我的荣幸，希望这些建议能解决你的问题。（It’s my great honor to …)
It’s my great honor to offer you some travel advice, which I hope can solve your problem.
定从与信件开头
Attributive Clause (1)
在复合句中，用作定语的从句叫定语从句。被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。
定语从句一般放在先行词的后面，由关系代词或关系副词引导。
引导定语从句的关系代词有：that, which, who, whom, whose等，关系副词有：where, when, why等。
Reviewing
基本概念
语法 法则 规则 逻辑 思维 理解
定语：修饰限定 a yellow sweater VS a sweater
从：从属、跟从：位置在后面
句：符合五大基本句型，含有谓语动词
从句在后，谁在前？
兵马未动，粮草先行
重难点 基础
总结：先行词是先走的那个词，从句后置，跟从先行词出现。
从句做定语，修饰先行词。
先行词
基本概念
关系词：两个及以上才能有关系。
关系词连接主句和从句；向前指代先行词；向后在从句中作句子成分。
Paul’s favorite player was Tyrone Bogues, a guy who played for the Charlotte Hornets.
Paul’s favorite player was Tyrone Bogues.
Tyrone Bogues played for the Charlotte Hornets.
When we were not playing on the court which was next to the building, we were watching a game on TV.
When we were not playing on the court, we were watching a game on TV.
The court was next to the building.
指物；作主语
指人；作主语
关系代词
指人：who/that
指物：which/that
指人/物的：whose
They were playing The Bears, a team whose record was perfect.
指代前面整个句子：which
Bogues was only 1.6 metres tall, which made him the shortest player ever in the NBA.
不能用that的情况：介词后；逗号后（非限制性定语从句）…
指人只能用whom的情况：介词后。
定语从句做题步骤
1. 判断是定语从句：无连词，且有两个动词；空格前面是名词/代词。
Being shorter than other players meant _____ he had to practice more.
2. 断句，画出从句。
(1) 从句在句尾。空格前面已有主谓宾完整主句，从空格起画到句子最后。
Everyone knew Paul was someone _______ worked really hard.
He was still usually on the bench, _______ was really tough on him.
He didn’t know he’s soon get the chance ________ he’d been waiting for.
(2) 从句在句中。空格前没有谓语动词，找出两个动词，从空格起画到第二个动词前。
All the extra hours ________ he’d spent practising alone paid off.
3. 补全从句，找出从句中关系代词指代什么。
who
which
which/that
which/that
练习
1 Have you found the keys ___________ you lost
2 We stayed at a hotel ___________ Tom recommended to us.
3 The people ___________ work in the office are very friendly.
4 What’s the name of the man _______ car you borrowed
5 The man ____________ I was sitting next to on the plane talked all the time.
6 He has two daughters, one of ______ is a teacher.
7 Paul won the first prize, _______was a great news for our school.
8 Tom’s friend is a teacher, _____ loves his students very much.
which/that
which/that
who/that
whose
who/that
whom
which
who
1. Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014_______ showed a mere five to ten minutes a day of running reduced the risk of
heart disease and early deaths from all causes.
2. The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005- when the government started a soil-testing program gives specific fertilizer
recommendations to farmers- and 2011, fertilizer uses dropped by 7.7 million tons.
3. Many westerners come to China cook much less than in their own countries
once they realise how cheap it can be to eat out.
4. Recent development has made possible machines print, cook
and serve foods on a mass scale.
5. Because of our efforts, our daughter Georgia did decide to donate
a large bag of toys to a little girl mother was unable to pay for her holiday due to illness.
which/that
which/that
who/that
which/that
whose
使用关系副词的情况：从句中不缺主语或宾语。
1. 先行词表示时间，关系副词when在从句中做时间状语。
October 1, 1949 was the day when the People’s Republic of China was founded.
2. 先行词表示地点，关系副词where在从句中做地点状语。
This is the place where the accident happened.
3. 先行词表示原因，关系副词why在从句中做原因状语。
I don’t know the reason why she looked unhappy yesterday.
我不知道她昨天为什么不高兴。
这就是事故发生的地方。
1949年10月1日是中华人民共和国成立的日子。
难点：一定要先判断从句是否缺主要成分。
符合五大基本句型即为完整。最基础：主谓宾，主谓，主系表。
从句都有动词，因此看是否缺少主语/宾语。
用补全句子的方式判断缺什么成分。借助先行词补全。
缺主语/宾语：关系代词（指代人或物）
不缺（从句明显完整或补出来有介词）：关系副词
1. 地点类
a) 这是鲁迅曾住过的房间。live: 不及物动词
This is the room where Lu Xun used to live.
This is the room which/that Lu Xun used to live in.
This is the room in which Lu Xun used to live. 介词后面不能用that
b) 这是我们去年参观过的房间。visit：及物动词
This is the room which/that we visited last year.
2. 时间类
a) 他将不会忘记与农民朋友一起生活的时光。
He will remember the days when he worked with the farmers.
b) 他将不会忘记在农村渡过的时光。
He will remember the days which/that he spent in the countryside.
3. 原因类
a) 我知道他为什么这样做。
I knew the reason why he did that.
b) 我知道他在会议上解释的原因。
I knew the reason which/that he explained at the meeting.
1. 听说你对剪纸感兴趣，我很高兴。（I’m delighted to）
I’m delighted to hear that you are interested in paper-cutting.
2. 剪纸是一种中国传统民间艺术，可以追溯到第4世纪。(folk art; date back to)
Paper-cutting, which dates back to the 4th century, is a traditional Chinese folk art.
3. 让我惊讶的是，剪纸用途广泛，比如可以用来装饰，用于宗教目的和图形设计。(a wide range of; for design patterns)
What makes me surprised is that paper-cutting has a wide range of uses, such as for decoration, for religious purposes and for design patterns.
从句写作运用
1. (2019·全国Ⅲ) 我给你写信的目的是邀请你参加下周六在我们学校举办的音乐节。（invite sb to do… music festival）
I’m writing to invite you to take part in the music festival which will be held in our school next Saturday.
2. (2019·全国Ⅰ) 我写信是想申请你们昨天在报纸上刊登的志愿者工作。（apply to… advertise.）
I’m writing to apply to work as a volunteer that you advertised in the newspaper yesterday.
定从与信件开头
3. (2019·浙江) 我很感激你为了提高我的英语所做的一切。（be grateful to sb for sth…）
I am grateful to you for everything that you have done for me to improve my English.
4. (2019·北京) 能给你提供一些旅行建议是我的荣幸，希望这些建议能解决你的问题。（It’s my great honor to …)
It’s my great honor to offer you some travel advice, which I hope can solve your problem.
定从与信件开头