人教版（2019）选择性必修第二册Unit1Science and Scientists 词汇讲解课件(28张）-
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(共28张PPT)
选择性必修二
unit 1 词汇
1. severe adj. 极为恶劣的;十分严重的;严厉的
a severe punishment/sentence/expression
重罚/重判/严厉的表情
severely adv.严重地; 严厉地; 严格地
2. frustrated adj. 懊恼的;沮丧的;失意的
frustrating adj. 使人沮丧的，令人泄气的
frustrate vt. 使懊恼;使沮丧
frustration n.懊恼;沮丧
3. once and for all 最终地;彻底地
It is time we dealt with the issue once and for all.
近义词
completely
entirely
totally
全部地; 完整地; 完全地
thoroughly
contradictory
4. contradictory adj.矛盾的;对立的;不一致的
contradictorily adv. 反驳地; 矛盾地
contradict v.反驳.相矛盾.驳斥；相抵触
contradiction n.矛盾,不一致
to explain
Doctors in those days had two _____________ (contradict) theories _____________ (explain) how cholera spread.
5. infection n. 感染;传染
infect vt. 使感染;传染
infect sb/sth with sth 传染某人...用…影响某人
be infected with/by... 感染...., 沾染上...
get infected 受到感染
infector n. 传播者，传染者
infected adj. 被感染/影响的
infectious adj传染(性)的
The man ________________ (infect) cholera,
a highly _____________ desease
has been infected with
infectious
6. subscribe
订阅(报纸、杂志等) subscribe to Time 订阅《时代》周刊
定期交纳(会费);定期捐款 subscribe to a charity 向慈善机构定期捐款
同意;赞成 subscribe to sth
近义词组__________
approve of
7. proof n. 证据;证明;检验 (=evidence)
prove v. 证明，证实
防……的，耐……的
rainproof/ windproof /waterproof clothing
防雨╱防风 ╱防水服装
8. multiple 数量多的;多种多样的
multiple injuries 多处受伤
multiply vt.& vi. 乘; （使）相乘; （使）繁殖;
Three __________(multiply) by seven equals twenty-one.
multiplied
Animals generally multiply faster.
9. household n.家人;家庭;同住一所(套)房子的人
household bills/chores/goods 家庭账单/杂务/用品
10. suspect vt.＆vi.怀疑;疑有;不信任
n. 犯罪嫌疑人;可疑对象
suspect sb of sth/of doing sth 怀疑某人有...罪
The drug _______________(suspect) _______ causing over 200 deaths.
was suspected
of
He suspected that the pump was to blame.
11.责备;把...归咎于 v.
blame sb / sth for (doing) sth 因为......责备sb
blame sth on sb 把某事归咎于某人
be to blame (for sth) 对...负有责任,应受责备
[U] n.(对错误/坏事应负的)责任;责备
take/ bear the blame承担责任
He suspected that the pump was to blame.
Don’t always blame your failure____others;sometimes you yourself are ________(blame).
on
to blame
The manager blamed Tom _____his mistakes in the work.
for
12.handle n.门把手，手柄 v. 处理，搬动，操纵=deal with
the handle of the pump /the door
handle the crisis/the machine处理危机，操纵机器
13. intervention n. 介入，出面，干涉
armed / military intervention武装/军事干涉
intervene v 介入 ，干预
intervene in sth
14. link n. 联系;纽带 vt. 把……连接起来;相关联
link... to/with/and ... 把...连接/联系起来
be linked to/with ....与....相关，相连
link up with 与 ...联合、衔接
a link between the two murders 两桩凶杀案的关联
The new tunnel links Britain _______France.
The two spacecraft will link____with each other in orbit.
What puzzles me most is that the two accidents _________________（密切相关）each other.
to/with
up
are closely linked to
15. raw 未煮的;生的;未经处理的;原始的
raw material 原材料
raw meat 生肉
16.pure 干净的;纯的;纯粹的
a bottle of pure water 一瓶纯净水
purely adv. 完全地;纯粹地; 纯洁地
purify v. 使（某物）洁净，净化；变纯净；洗涤（思想），净化（心灵）；提纯
17.substantial 大量的;价值巨大的;重大的
substantial sums of money 大笔的钱
a substantial improvement 重大进步
substance n. 物质;材料
18.decrease n. vt.降低，减少
decrease the amount of rubbish
decrease/increase to ...减少/增加到...
decrease/increase by ..下降/上升了...（多少）
on the decrease/increase在减少在下降/增加
The number of some rare animals is on the decrease.
19.Thanks to 多亏，由于
Thanks to your help, we accomplished the task ahead of schedule.
类似短语
because of
owing to
due to
as a result of
20.transform vi. vt（使）改变，转变 transformation n.
transform a desert into a garden
translate 翻译
transmit 传输,传播 transmission transmit an image
transport 运输
21.initial 最初的;开始的; 第一的
initials n.（全名的）首字母
Just write your initials.写下你的姓名首字母即可
my initial reaction 我最初的反应
initially adv. 开始; 最初
22.solid 可靠的;固体的;坚实的 n. 固体
solid food 固体食物
have no solid evidence 没有确凿的证据
a solid foundation 坚实的基础
23.cast vt.( cast cast) 投射;投以(视线/笑容等);投掷
The moon light cast soft shadows. 月光投下柔和的暗影。
cast a welcoming smile 微笑以示欢迎
be cast down 沮丧的
24.pour vt. 倒出;倾泻;斟(饮料)
pour sth out 倒/斟饮料
pour sb sth = pour sth for sb 给某人倒......
pour a cup of tea for you 给你倒杯茶
pour down 倾盆而下; 下大雨
25.concrete n. 混凝土
adj.混凝土制的;确实的;具体的
concretely adv.具体地
concrete evidence/proposals 确凿的证据
具体的建议
a concrete floor 混凝土地面
26.break out (战争、打斗等不愉快的事情)突然开始;爆发
A fire broke out in the building.
outbreak n.爆发
output n. 产量
breakthrough n. 突破
27. defend vt. 保卫;防守;辩解
defend ...from / against...保护...免受...（伤害）
defence/defense n. 防御; 国防
28. assistant n. 助理;助手
a senior research assistant 一个高级研究助理
assist vt.帮助 assist sb with sth
assist sb in doing sth
assistance n. 帮助，援助
under one’s assistance
financial /technical assistance
29.in charge of 主管;掌管
(1)be in the charge of... 由……来负责；被……掌管 n.
take charge of... 负责；看管(表动作) n.
(2)free of charge... 免费 n.
(3)charge (sb) for sth (向某人)要价 v.
(4)charge sb with (doing) sth 指控某人(做)某事 v.
(5)charge the battery 充电 v.
charge
充电
主管
收费
控罪
一词多义
(1)The young doctor is in charge of the hospital.________
(2)The hospital is in the charge of the young doctor.
_____________
(3)I will charge you one hundred yuan for repairing your cellphone.______
(4)The police charged the thief with stealing raw material
in the company._______
掌管，控制
由...掌管，控制
索价，要价
控告，指控
30.gifted 有天赋的;有天才的;天资聪慧的
gift n. 礼物; 天赋 have a gift/talent for对…有天赋
be gifted /talented in...... 在...方面有天赋
31.outstanding 优秀的;杰出的;明显的
stand out v.突出，显眼
His red hair stands out in the crowd.
32.come down 患(病);染上(小病)
come down with... 染上...病;患上...病
come down with a heavy cold患上重感冒
33.abstract 抽象的;理性的 n. (文献等的)摘要
abstract knowledge/principles 理论知识/抽象原理
an abstract of a long article
abstractly adv.抽象地
34.steady 稳定的;平稳的;稳步的
a steady job/income 稳定的工作/收入
steadily adv. 稳定地; 持续地; 稳固地;
35.above all 最重要的是;尤其是
all in all 总而言之
after all 毕竟
in all/total 总共
first of all 首先
not at all 一点也不
__________（最重要的是的），Hawking was willing to admit his faults.
Above all
36.fault n. 弱点;过错 (pl. faults)
find fault with... 找...岔子; 挑剔...
It is one’s fault that... 是某人的过错/责任
He is always finding fault ______my work ,which made me angry.
It’s the boy’s fault that the window was broken.
with
37. shift n. 改变;转换;轮班
vi.＆vt.转移;挪动;转向
The wind has shifted to the north. 风已转成了北风。
a shift of crops 庄稼的轮作
the day/night shift 白班 /夜班
Thank you!
选择性必修二
unit 1 词汇
1. severe adj. 极为恶劣的;十分严重的;严厉的
a severe punishment/sentence/expression
重罚/重判/严厉的表情
severely adv.严重地; 严厉地; 严格地
2. frustrated adj. 懊恼的;沮丧的;失意的
frustrating adj. 使人沮丧的，令人泄气的
frustrate vt. 使懊恼;使沮丧
frustration n.懊恼;沮丧
3. once and for all 最终地;彻底地
It is time we dealt with the issue once and for all.
近义词
completely
entirely
totally
全部地; 完整地; 完全地
thoroughly
contradictory
4. contradictory adj.矛盾的;对立的;不一致的
contradictorily adv. 反驳地; 矛盾地
contradict v.反驳.相矛盾.驳斥；相抵触
contradiction n.矛盾,不一致
to explain
Doctors in those days had two _____________ (contradict) theories _____________ (explain) how cholera spread.
5. infection n. 感染;传染
infect vt. 使感染;传染
infect sb/sth with sth 传染某人...用…影响某人
be infected with/by... 感染...., 沾染上...
get infected 受到感染
infector n. 传播者，传染者
infected adj. 被感染/影响的
infectious adj传染(性)的
The man ________________ (infect) cholera,
a highly _____________ desease
has been infected with
infectious
6. subscribe
订阅(报纸、杂志等) subscribe to Time 订阅《时代》周刊
定期交纳(会费);定期捐款 subscribe to a charity 向慈善机构定期捐款
同意;赞成 subscribe to sth
近义词组__________
approve of
7. proof n. 证据;证明;检验 (=evidence)
prove v. 证明，证实
防……的，耐……的
rainproof/ windproof /waterproof clothing
防雨╱防风 ╱防水服装
8. multiple 数量多的;多种多样的
multiple injuries 多处受伤
multiply vt.& vi. 乘; （使）相乘; （使）繁殖;
Three __________(multiply) by seven equals twenty-one.
multiplied
Animals generally multiply faster.
9. household n.家人;家庭;同住一所(套)房子的人
household bills/chores/goods 家庭账单/杂务/用品
10. suspect vt.＆vi.怀疑;疑有;不信任
n. 犯罪嫌疑人;可疑对象
suspect sb of sth/of doing sth 怀疑某人有...罪
The drug _______________(suspect) _______ causing over 200 deaths.
was suspected
of
He suspected that the pump was to blame.
11.责备;把...归咎于 v.
blame sb / sth for (doing) sth 因为......责备sb
blame sth on sb 把某事归咎于某人
be to blame (for sth) 对...负有责任,应受责备
[U] n.(对错误/坏事应负的)责任;责备
take/ bear the blame承担责任
He suspected that the pump was to blame.
Don’t always blame your failure____others;sometimes you yourself are ________(blame).
on
to blame
The manager blamed Tom _____his mistakes in the work.
for
12.handle n.门把手，手柄 v. 处理，搬动，操纵=deal with
the handle of the pump /the door
handle the crisis/the machine处理危机，操纵机器
13. intervention n. 介入，出面，干涉
armed / military intervention武装/军事干涉
intervene v 介入 ，干预
intervene in sth
14. link n. 联系;纽带 vt. 把……连接起来;相关联
link... to/with/and ... 把...连接/联系起来
be linked to/with ....与....相关，相连
link up with 与 ...联合、衔接
a link between the two murders 两桩凶杀案的关联
The new tunnel links Britain _______France.
The two spacecraft will link____with each other in orbit.
What puzzles me most is that the two accidents _________________（密切相关）each other.
to/with
up
are closely linked to
15. raw 未煮的;生的;未经处理的;原始的
raw material 原材料
raw meat 生肉
16.pure 干净的;纯的;纯粹的
a bottle of pure water 一瓶纯净水
purely adv. 完全地;纯粹地; 纯洁地
purify v. 使（某物）洁净，净化；变纯净；洗涤（思想），净化（心灵）；提纯
17.substantial 大量的;价值巨大的;重大的
substantial sums of money 大笔的钱
a substantial improvement 重大进步
substance n. 物质;材料
18.decrease n. vt.降低，减少
decrease the amount of rubbish
decrease/increase to ...减少/增加到...
decrease/increase by ..下降/上升了...（多少）
on the decrease/increase在减少在下降/增加
The number of some rare animals is on the decrease.
19.Thanks to 多亏，由于
Thanks to your help, we accomplished the task ahead of schedule.
类似短语
because of
owing to
due to
as a result of
20.transform vi. vt（使）改变，转变 transformation n.
transform a desert into a garden
translate 翻译
transmit 传输,传播 transmission transmit an image
transport 运输
21.initial 最初的;开始的; 第一的
initials n.（全名的）首字母
Just write your initials.写下你的姓名首字母即可
my initial reaction 我最初的反应
initially adv. 开始; 最初
22.solid 可靠的;固体的;坚实的 n. 固体
solid food 固体食物
have no solid evidence 没有确凿的证据
a solid foundation 坚实的基础
23.cast vt.( cast cast) 投射;投以(视线/笑容等);投掷
The moon light cast soft shadows. 月光投下柔和的暗影。
cast a welcoming smile 微笑以示欢迎
be cast down 沮丧的
24.pour vt. 倒出;倾泻;斟(饮料)
pour sth out 倒/斟饮料
pour sb sth = pour sth for sb 给某人倒......
pour a cup of tea for you 给你倒杯茶
pour down 倾盆而下; 下大雨
25.concrete n. 混凝土
adj.混凝土制的;确实的;具体的
concretely adv.具体地
concrete evidence/proposals 确凿的证据
具体的建议
a concrete floor 混凝土地面
26.break out (战争、打斗等不愉快的事情)突然开始;爆发
A fire broke out in the building.
outbreak n.爆发
output n. 产量
breakthrough n. 突破
27. defend vt. 保卫;防守;辩解
defend ...from / against...保护...免受...（伤害）
defence/defense n. 防御; 国防
28. assistant n. 助理;助手
a senior research assistant 一个高级研究助理
assist vt.帮助 assist sb with sth
assist sb in doing sth
assistance n. 帮助，援助
under one’s assistance
financial /technical assistance
29.in charge of 主管;掌管
(1)be in the charge of... 由……来负责；被……掌管 n.
take charge of... 负责；看管(表动作) n.
(2)free of charge... 免费 n.
(3)charge (sb) for sth (向某人)要价 v.
(4)charge sb with (doing) sth 指控某人(做)某事 v.
(5)charge the battery 充电 v.
charge
充电
主管
收费
控罪
一词多义
(1)The young doctor is in charge of the hospital.________
(2)The hospital is in the charge of the young doctor.
_____________
(3)I will charge you one hundred yuan for repairing your cellphone.______
(4)The police charged the thief with stealing raw material
in the company._______
掌管，控制
由...掌管，控制
索价，要价
控告，指控
30.gifted 有天赋的;有天才的;天资聪慧的
gift n. 礼物; 天赋 have a gift/talent for对…有天赋
be gifted /talented in...... 在...方面有天赋
31.outstanding 优秀的;杰出的;明显的
stand out v.突出，显眼
His red hair stands out in the crowd.
32.come down 患(病);染上(小病)
come down with... 染上...病;患上...病
come down with a heavy cold患上重感冒
33.abstract 抽象的;理性的 n. (文献等的)摘要
abstract knowledge/principles 理论知识/抽象原理
an abstract of a long article
abstractly adv.抽象地
34.steady 稳定的;平稳的;稳步的
a steady job/income 稳定的工作/收入
steadily adv. 稳定地; 持续地; 稳固地;
35.above all 最重要的是;尤其是
all in all 总而言之
after all 毕竟
in all/total 总共
first of all 首先
not at all 一点也不
__________（最重要的是的），Hawking was willing to admit his faults.
Above all
36.fault n. 弱点;过错 (pl. faults)
find fault with... 找...岔子; 挑剔...
It is one’s fault that... 是某人的过错/责任
He is always finding fault ______my work ,which made me angry.
It’s the boy’s fault that the window was broken.
with
37. shift n. 改变;转换;轮班
vi.＆vt.转移;挪动;转向
The wind has shifted to the north. 风已转成了北风。
a shift of crops 庄稼的轮作
the day/night shift 白班 /夜班
Thank you!