最新中考英语语法专题复习 动词 课件(共30张PPT)

(共30张PPT)
1.系动词
2.实义动词（及物和不及物）
3.助动词
4.情态动词
系动词：连系表语的词。
系动词有词义，不能独立做谓语。
He is wrong.(系词+表语做谓语)
一、系动词
be（am,is,are,was,were）
感官动词
(look,smell,taste,sound,feel,seem)
表示发展变化的词
(turn,get,keep,become)
系动词
他是强壮的。
He is strong.
你必须保持健康。
You must keep healthy.
树叶变绿了。
The leaves turn green.
莉莉似乎很生气。
Lily seems very angry.
1.Autumn is coming,the leaves ______yellow.
2.The girl _______beautiful.
3.The food_______delicious.
4.Autumn is coming,it______colder and colder.
5.That song ________ well.
turn
looks
tastes
gets
sounds
能独立做谓语的词，按句法作用分
为及物和不及物动词。
I hit her.
He cut his finger.
The sun rises.
及物vt.
不及物vi.
及物vt.
hurt-hurt-hurt（受伤、伤害）
say-said-said
stand-stood-stood
spend-spent-spent
think-thought-thought
buy-bought-bought
bring-brought-brought
catch-caught-caught
teach-taught-taught
hold-held-held
lend-lent-lent
send-sent-sent
leave-left-left
meet-met-met
sweep-swept-swept
sleep-slept-slept
keep-kept-kept
Orise-rose-risen
write-wrote-written
speak-spoke-spoken
steal-stole-stolen
Oride-rode-ridden
Odrive-drove-driven
√sing-sang-sung
Otake-took-taken
Ogive-gave-given
fly-flew-flown
Oknow-knew-known
Othrow-threw-thrown
eat-ate-eaten
forget-forgot-forgotten
I like it.
其中like是实意动词，如何变否定疑问.
用do来帮助它，我们把do、does、did等称为助动词。
I don’t like it.
Do you like it
助动词，无词义，不能独立做谓语，
帮助构成时（态），语（态），否（定句）和疑（问句）。
常见助动词有五个，be,do,have,shall,will.
be构成被动与进行，do构成疑问和否定
have构成现在完成时，shall,will表示将来时
1.I am watering the flowers.
帮助构成（现在/过去）进行时。
2.Tom was hit by his father yesterday.
帮助构成被动语态。
小测试：
She is Lily.(is 是助动词吗？)
答案：NO.
I have a book.其中have是助动词吗？
答案：NO.
have/had+V.过去分词
现在完成时/过去完成时
其中have是助动词吗？
答案：YES.
用于一般将来时态。
will用于所有人称，shall只用于第一人称。
She will finish her homework in ten minutes.
Shall I take an umbrella
She can speak French and I can’t.
什么叫情态动词？
表示说话人对所述动作的看法，如需要、可能、意愿或怀疑等情感或状态。
He can speak English well,but I can’t.
We must stay here.
情态动词有词义，不能单独做谓语，无人称和数的变化，后面必须接动词原形。
1.三个都表“能力”could 是can的过去式。
eg: I couldn’t speak English.
I can speak English now.
将来能力使用shall/will/be able to.
eg: I will be able to speak French.
2. can/could 表“请求、允许”
could 比can 更委婉。
eg:Could I borrow your book
3. can/could 表“怀疑、推测”
可能性 can‘t be
eg:It can’t be Lily’s bag.
1.表“请求、许可” might 比may更委婉、客气。
eg:May I come in
Might I come in
2. “可能”，表推测。
可能性 may be >might be
eg:He may come tomorrow.
He might come tomorrow.
必须
不得不
1.must表个人意志和主观上的必要，意为“必须”“应该”用于一般现在时；
I must go now.
2.have to表客观上的必要。意为“必须”“不得不”
除可用于现在时外，还可以表将来时shall/will have to和过去式had to。
1.这台电视机不能用了，我们必须买台新的。
This TV doesn’t work.We have to buy a new one.
2.那时我们必须买台新的。
We had to buy a new one.
3.我们将不得不买台新的。
We will have to buy a new one.
I _____study hard,because I want to go to Beijing University.
I _______go shopping,because the fridge is empty now.
must
have to
1.You are his mother,you_________look after him.
2.You are a student,you_______study hard.
3.She would be glad if you ______ help her.
应该
愿意
理所应当
ought to
should
would
> > >
must be
can’t be
may be
might be
既可作情态动词，又可作行为动词。
做情态动词，无人称、数变化，主要用于否定句和疑问句
1.只作情态动词的有：must,can(could),may(might)
2.可作情态动词也可作实义动词的有need，dare
3.可作情态动词也可作助动词的有will(would).shall(should)
4.具有情态动词的某些特征的有have to,ought to