-2023届高三英语二轮复习：虚拟语气课件（30张ppt)

(共30张PPT)
Grammar
The Subjunctive Mood
Discovery 发现
If I hadn’t gone to London, I wouldn’t have got this job.
If I hadn’t got this job, I wouldn’t have met Alice.
If I hadn’t met Alice, I wouldn’t have fallen in love.
If I hadn’t fallen in love, I wouldn’t have got married.
If I hadn’t got married, I wouldn’t have bought this computer game.
If I hadn’t bought this computer game, I wouldn’t have had the idea for a computer company.
If I hadn’t had the idea for a computer company, I wouldn’t have started the factory.
If I hadn’t started the factory, I wouldn’t have gone to London again.
1.英语动词有三种语气， 陈述语气，祈使语气和虚拟语气。
2. 定义：虚拟语气是用来表示说的话不是客观存在的事实，而是一种愿望、可能、猜测、建议、要求或假设等。
一、
虚拟语气在非真实条件中的用法
Summary 1
1、与__________事实相反：
从句：
主句：
would / could / should / might + 动词原形
过去时（be 用 were）
1）如果我是你，我就努力学习。
If I ______ you, I _____________ hard
were
would study
3）如果我有钱，我就买一个iphone4s。
If I ______ money, I _____________ an iphone4s.
had
would buy
2）如果我是一只鸟，我就到蓝天上去翱翔。
If I _______ a bird, I ___________ in the sky.
were
would fly
4）如果我有空的话，我也愿意来。
If I ______ time I ___________ too.
would come
had
现在
Practice 练习
If I ____ (win) the lottery, I ___________ (buy) an expensive car.
won
would buy
If I _____ (have) a lot of money now,
I ____________ (travel) around the world.
had
would travel
If it _____(is) fine now,
I ___________ (go) swimming.
were
would go
I ___________ (walk) to work if I _____ (live )
near my office.
would walk
lived
Summary 2
2、与____________相反：
从句：
主句：
would / could / should / might + have done
had done（过去完成时）
1）如果你昨天来，你就会看见她了。
If you ________ yesterday , you _____________ her.
had come
would have seen
2）如果你早点起， 你就赶上那趟车了。
If you _______ up earlier, you _______________ that bus.
had got
would have caught
3）如果他再努一点力的话，就能通过考试了。
If he __________ harder, he _________________ the exams.
had studied
would have passed
4）要是我记得你的电话号码，我就打电话通知你了。
If I _________________ your telephone number, I _________________ you.
had remembered
would have phoned
过去事实
Practice 练习
If I ______(have) time last night,
I _____________ (go) to see
the film with you .
had had
would have gone
If he (drive) more
carefully, he________________
(have) the car accident yesterday.
had driven
would not have had
If I (learn)how to swim,
I ____________________ (be) trapped in this island.
had learnt
would not have been
Summary 3
1) 如果明天下雨，他们就不散步。
If it __________ tomorrow, they ________ go for an outing.
2) 如果我们合理地计划，我们能做这件事。
If we __________ it properly, we _______ do it.
3) 如果我们会放三天假，我们就会享受快乐的生活。
If we ________ have three days off, we ______ enjoy a very happy life.
3. __________假设
从句：
主句：
将来事实
过去时/ should +动原/ were to+ 动原
would/ could/ should/might +动原
should rain
wouldn’t
planed
could
were to
would
总结：虚拟语气在if 非真实条件状语从句中的用法。
条件从句
If 从句的谓语形式
主句的谓语形式
现在
过去
未来
过去时（were）
过去完成时
(had done)
would/could/should/
might do （v.原）
would/could/should/
might have done
1.过去时
2.should+V.
3. were to do
would/could/
should/might do （v.原）
注意一：倒装。 如果条件从句中有should， were， had三个助动词可以把if省略，并将这三个词提至句首。
1) If I were you, I would give it up.
Were I you, I would give it up.
2) If I had had time, I would have run round that lake again.
Had I had time, I would have run round that lake again.
4) If there should be a flood, what should we do Should there be a flood, what should we do
1) If it were not for your advice, we couldn’t have got over the difficulties.
Were it not for your advice, we couldn’t have got over the difficulties.
2) If he had recognized me, he would have come over.
Had he recognized me, he would have come over.
3) If he should fail to come, John would work in his place.
Should he fail to come, John would work in his place.
注意二：有时虚拟条件从句与主句谓语动词发生在不同的时间，这叫做错综条件虚拟语气。遇到这种情况，应根据不同的时间概念，适当调整主句和从句的动词形式。
If the weather had been finer （过去）, the crops would be growing still better now（现在）.
If you had followed the teacher’s advice （过去）, you wouldn’t be in the hospital now（现在）.
If the staff__________ (be) more careful then,
the mall ___________(be) on fire now.
had been
would not be
If I _________ (take) the doctor’s
advice then，I _______________
ill now.
had taken
would not be
2) If I _________ (study) hard before,
I __________ (speak) English very
well now.
would speak
had studied
二、含蓄条件句
有时表示假设的虚拟条件不一定要用if引导
的从句来表示，而是利用某些词、短语等
来表示；有时还可以通过上下文或句子的
内在逻辑关系来表示。这一类句子称为
含蓄条件句。
1、要是没有空气, 我们就活不了.
2、若无你的帮助，他会失败的。
3、若无你的帮助，他早已失败了。
4、要不是你给他的那个面包，他早就死了。
S + would have done
（与过去相反）
Without (But for) air, we could not live.
Without (But for) your help, he would fail.
Without (But for) your help, he would have failed.
1. without / but for ······,
(要是没有）
S + would / could + do
(与现在事实相反）
Without (But for) your bread, he would have died.
连词 or ，otherwise等后接虚拟主句。
1) I was so busy then, otherwise I ______________ (come) to help you.
would have come
2) He telephoned to inform me of your birthday, or I _________________ (know) nothing about it.
would have known
3) A man who stops drinking water __________ dead in about seven days.
would be
4) I was ill that day. Otherwise I _______________ (take) part in the sports meet.
would have taken
例：It rained yesterday, otherwise we _______________ (go) to see the film.
would have gone