2023 届高考英语真题阅读CD篇的秘诀讲义素材
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| 名称 | 2023 届高考英语真题阅读CD篇的秘诀讲义素材 |  | |
| 格式 | docx | ||
| 文件大小 | 39.1KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2022-10-17 07:54:31 | ||
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高考英语阅读理解出现频率最高的词汇
1.2022北京高考昌平模拟--D
Search “toxic parents”, and you’ll find more than 38, 000 posts, largely urging young adults to cut ties with their families. The idea is to safeguard one’s mental health from abusive parents. However, as a psychoanalyst, I’ve seen that trend in recent years become a way to manage conflicts in the family, and I have seen the severe impacts estrangement (c) has on both sides of the divide. This is a self-help trend that creates much harm.
Research by Karl Pillemer, a professor at Cornell University, indicates that 1 in 4 American adults have become estranged from their families. I believe that’s an undercount, because others have stopped short of completely cutting off contact but have effectively broken the ties.
“Canceling” your parent can be seen as an extension of a cultural trend aimed at correcting imbalances in power and systemic inequality. Certainly the family is one system in which power has never been balanced. In 1933, the psychoanalyst Sándor Ferenczi warned that even the simple indication that someone has more power than we do could potentially be damaging.
Today’s social justice values respond to this reality, calling on us to criticize oppressive and harmful figures and to gain power for those who have been powerless. But when adult children use the most effective tool they have-themselves-to gain a sense of security and ban their parents from their lives, the roles are simply switched, and the pain only deepens.
Often, what I see in my practice are cases of family conflict mismanaged, power dynamics turned upside down rather than negotiated. I see the terrible effect of that trend; situations with no winners, only isolated (m) humans who long to be known and feel safe in the presence of the other.
The catch is that after estrangement, adult children are not suddenly less dependent. In fact, they feel abandoned and betrayed, because in the unconscious, it doesn’t matter who is doing the leaving; the feeling that remains is “being left”. They carry the ghosts of their childhood, tackling the emotional reality that those who raised us can never truly be left behind, no matter how hard we try.
What I have found is that most of these families need repair, not permanent break-up. How else can one learn how to negotiate needs, to create boundaries and to trust How else can we love others, and ourselves, if not through accepting the limitations that come with being human Good relationships are the result not of a perfect level of harmony but rather of successful adjustments.
To pursue dialogue instead of estrangement will be hard and painful work. It can’t be a single project of “self-help”, because at the end of the day, real intimacy (亲密关系) is achieved by working through the injuries of the past together. In most cases of family conflict, repair is possible and preferable to estrangement—and it’s worth the work.
31. Why do young people cut ties with the family
A. To gain an independent life.
B. To restore harmony in the family.
C. To protect their psychological well-being.
D. To follow a tendency towards social justice.
32. What does the underlined word “catch” in Paragraph 6 mean
A. Response. B. Problem. C. Operation. D. Emphasis.
33. To manage family conflict, the author agrees that young adults should .
A. break down boundaries B. gain power within the family
C live up to their parents’ expectations D. accept imperfection of family members
34. What’s the author’s purpose of writing the passage
A. To advocate a self-help trend. B. To justify a common social value.
C. To argue against a current practice. D. To discuss a means of communication.
2022北京丰台二模C
It shouldn’t come as news to anyone that the planet is moving quickly towards a climate emergency. And fast fashion certainly plays its part in this.
Fast fashion brands, which release hundreds of new styles every week, have caused trends cycles to speed up rapidly, leading to overproduction and overconsumption. British shoppers are buying twice as much as we did a decade ago and both brands and consumers are throwing away “unfashionable” clothing more often—over 300,000 of it ends up in landfill every year. How do we solve this issue
One answer lies in the new generation of made-to-order brands making their way into the mainstream. These brands make clothes only as and when they’re ordered, and because there’s no overproduction, less unwanted stock ends up in landfills. They also promote a slower fashion model, with pieces taking between three weeks and three months to arrive once purchased. The focus is on creating special, well-made pieces for consumers to treasure for years to come.
Made-to-order fashion is nothing new. Until the mid-20th century, it was the norm. However, the 1960s brought about the dawn of fast fashion and a shift in our relationship with our clothes. The value once placed on craftsmanship and quality was replaced by the desire for low cost and volume, resulting in cut-cost production and the attitude that clothing should be cheap and disposable.
Of course, made-to-order fashion has continued to exist alongside this, though research clearly shows that fast fashion prevails (盛行). Cue a made-to-order brand bringing bespoke (定制) back to the mainstream. Spanish brand Alas features a slow business model. It takes orders each week which are then handmade and delivered in about three weeks. It also revolves around an on-demand production process that rewards consumers for “pre-planned responsible shopping.” Every week, they launch a new drop, available to pre-order for a discounted rate for a limited time. From pre-order, Alas determines how popular each new item is and calculates how many units should be produced to fulfill both pre-orders and future full-price orders, therefore reducing the overproduction of stock.
With made-to-order brands growing in popularity, it begs the question—could this be the dawn of a new, environmentally responsible era The answer is self-evident.
28. What do the first two paragraphs mainly show
A. Our strong desire for fashion.
B. The fast development of fashion industry.
C. The urgent need for a different fashion model.
D. The advantages and disadvantages of fast fashion.
29. What does the underlined word “this” in Paragraph 5 refer to
A. The shadow of fast fashion.
B. The value placed on quality.
C. The shift towards a green lifestyle.
D. The criticism for cheapness and quantity.
30. What does the example of Spanish brand Alas tell us
A. The reward mechanism is a must in slow fashion.
B. It takes patience and thought to buy made-to-order items.
C. The pre-order model reduces the cost of purchasing brands.
D. Consumers have a say about how their orders are produced.
31. As for the future of made-to-order fashion, the author is ________ .
A anxious B. confident
C. puzzled D. curious
其实很多时候，出题人会把阅读理解原文中出现的关键词换个意思相近的词设置成正确答案，所以看本文的时候，要留意那些带等号的关键词哦!
accurate=precise 精确的 authentic 真实的=genuine可信reliable
genuine=sincere 真诚的 accessible 可使用的，可进入的
available 可获得的 artificial 人造的
betray 背叛 acquire /acquisition习得
attain 赢得，获得，达到 obtain (通过努力)获得
accomplish (通过努力)实现 realize=come true success/goal=achieve
acquaintance 熟人 autonomous= independent自主的，自发的
automatic 自动的 accumulate 积累
accelerate=speed up 加速 amateur 业余的=part-time
professional 职业的 arbitrary 随意的，武断的，专横的
abolish 消除 apparent =transparent=obvious
polish 抛光，打磨，韵色 bachelor 学士，单身男子
adore 喜欢，爱慕 embarrassed (人)尴尬的
awkward 令人难堪的，尴尬 application 应用
boom 繁荣,暴涨 antique 古董,老式的
abundant=adequate=ample sufficient足够的 abandon 抛弃
appropriate=proper 合理的，恰当的 acknowledge 承认
biography 传记 angel 天使
perspective =angle角度 bandage 鹏带，捆绑tie…up
adolescent 青春期,青少年 ancestor 祖先
journalist=newspaper reporter advocate =sponsor资助，资助者
absurd=illogical 荒谬的=ridiculous absolutely =entirely
approximate=about 大约 bare rock/hill;暴露
barrier=obstacle 障碍 bold= brave=courageous大胆的
bare=naked 赤脚的; cunning 狡猾的
bald 秃头的，不加修饰 allergic 过敏的
acute 严重的，敏感的;激烈的 sensible 明智的
behalf 代表 overwhelming 难以抗拒的，压倒性的
sensitive 敏感的 breakthrough 突破
awesome 可怕的，惊人敬畏 specific 具体的=concrete=detailed
bungalow =cottage小木屋 brilliant 辉煌的
abstract 抽象的 certificate 证书;
brochure=booklet 小册子 qualify 资格.
abnormal 非正常的 qualification 资格证明
certification 资格证 clarify=illustrate= Light on 澄清
identify 辩身份 characteristic =feature特征
charity 慈善 launch 发射;开始
cease= stop dynamic =energetic动态的,
laundry 干洗 contrast 对比，对照
campaign=activity 活动 coincidence 巧合
dramatic 戏剧性的 considerable great=substantial大规模的
contract 合同 circulate 循环
calculate=reckon 估算 compromise 妥协
considerate 体贴的 delicate =fragile精准的，易碎的
circuit 电路 college 大学
promise 承诺 decline 下降，婉拒
colleague=worker mate同事 chase=pursue 追逐=run after
decrease=reduce 下降 doom 注定…做…
collapse 坍塌 compliment =flatter=praise赞美
condemn 谴责;判刑;强迫..做.. complain 抱怨/complaint
carpenter 木工 leisure =relaxation
complement 完成 commercial/ financial/economical
depressed=feel down =let down companion 陪伴/company/accompany
dispute=argument =/quarrel dominate =control控制
deliberately=intentionally =on purpose discount 打折
candidate 候选人 controversial 有争议的
conservation =preservation dilemma 进退两难
cautious=careful 谨慎的 exaggerate 夸张
contradictory contradiction sustainable 可持续的
capable=competent=able 能力 embassy 大使馆
maintain=keep up 保持 deposit=put 存储
marvelous =extraordinary definitely =beyond/without question
desperate=eager 急切的 objective 客观的
withdraw 取款 neutral 中立的
critical 批评的 opposed 反对的
subjective 主观的 ecology ecology=environmental
critical 批评的 fantasy 想象 虚幻的
liberty=freedom 自由 evaluate =assess=estimate
fantastic=incredible 奇妙的 Ensure =guarantee
equality/quality quantity=amount evolution 进化
emphasize=highlight =underline强调 maximum /minimum最大化 最小化
fierce=intense 激烈的 intensive 集中的
revolution 革命 medium/media 中等的,媒体
extension/extend/extensive 扩大 merely =simply=just=only
expand=enlarge smelly =stinking臭的
enterprise=venture 企业=business erupt =explode=blow…up
fragrant=perfumed =sweet香的 emerge=appear 出现
element=component 元素 fundamental =basic基本的，根本的
military=force 军队 flexible /tense
estimate=guess 估计 electronic 电子的
foundation=base 基本 electrical 与电有关的
foresee=predict 预言 extinct =die out
electric 通过电工作的 monitor 班长，监控，显示器
establish=build essential =vital/necessary
enormous=vast =massive=huge multiply 乘,增加
elegant=graceful 优雅的 erase=rub..out wipe---away
motivate/motivation =inspire/inspiration negative 反positive
mysterious=puzzling 困惑的 facility =appliance设备
endanger= Cause damage to efficient 有效率的
enthusiasm/pessimism 乐观/悲观 influential =prominent=powerful
impact=effect =influence investigate =inspect视察
effective 有效果的 nevertheless =however
negotiate=discuss 谈判 interval=break 中场休息
gymnastics=gym nutrition 营养
notepad=note=pad 笔记本 gallery 画廊
glory=spender 辉煌，光荣 habitat 栖息地
intelligence 智力 nursery =kindergarten幼儿园
diligence 勤奋 geometry 几何学
habit 习惯 intend/ intention
observe 观察，遵循，庆祝 慷慨/ 小气
astronomy 天文学 factor=aspect 因素=part
generous/ mean ingredient 成分
imitate=model after…模仿 heritage =cultural relics
guilty/ innocent insurance 保险
1.2022北京高考昌平模拟--D
Search “toxic parents”, and you’ll find more than 38, 000 posts, largely urging young adults to cut ties with their families. The idea is to safeguard one’s mental health from abusive parents. However, as a psychoanalyst, I’ve seen that trend in recent years become a way to manage conflicts in the family, and I have seen the severe impacts estrangement (c) has on both sides of the divide. This is a self-help trend that creates much harm.
Research by Karl Pillemer, a professor at Cornell University, indicates that 1 in 4 American adults have become estranged from their families. I believe that’s an undercount, because others have stopped short of completely cutting off contact but have effectively broken the ties.
“Canceling” your parent can be seen as an extension of a cultural trend aimed at correcting imbalances in power and systemic inequality. Certainly the family is one system in which power has never been balanced. In 1933, the psychoanalyst Sándor Ferenczi warned that even the simple indication that someone has more power than we do could potentially be damaging.
Today’s social justice values respond to this reality, calling on us to criticize oppressive and harmful figures and to gain power for those who have been powerless. But when adult children use the most effective tool they have-themselves-to gain a sense of security and ban their parents from their lives, the roles are simply switched, and the pain only deepens.
Often, what I see in my practice are cases of family conflict mismanaged, power dynamics turned upside down rather than negotiated. I see the terrible effect of that trend; situations with no winners, only isolated (m) humans who long to be known and feel safe in the presence of the other.
The catch is that after estrangement, adult children are not suddenly less dependent. In fact, they feel abandoned and betrayed, because in the unconscious, it doesn’t matter who is doing the leaving; the feeling that remains is “being left”. They carry the ghosts of their childhood, tackling the emotional reality that those who raised us can never truly be left behind, no matter how hard we try.
What I have found is that most of these families need repair, not permanent break-up. How else can one learn how to negotiate needs, to create boundaries and to trust How else can we love others, and ourselves, if not through accepting the limitations that come with being human Good relationships are the result not of a perfect level of harmony but rather of successful adjustments.
To pursue dialogue instead of estrangement will be hard and painful work. It can’t be a single project of “self-help”, because at the end of the day, real intimacy (亲密关系) is achieved by working through the injuries of the past together. In most cases of family conflict, repair is possible and preferable to estrangement—and it’s worth the work.
31. Why do young people cut ties with the family
A. To gain an independent life.
B. To restore harmony in the family.
C. To protect their psychological well-being.
D. To follow a tendency towards social justice.
32. What does the underlined word “catch” in Paragraph 6 mean
A. Response. B. Problem. C. Operation. D. Emphasis.
33. To manage family conflict, the author agrees that young adults should .
A. break down boundaries B. gain power within the family
C live up to their parents’ expectations D. accept imperfection of family members
34. What’s the author’s purpose of writing the passage
A. To advocate a self-help trend. B. To justify a common social value.
C. To argue against a current practice. D. To discuss a means of communication.
2022北京丰台二模C
It shouldn’t come as news to anyone that the planet is moving quickly towards a climate emergency. And fast fashion certainly plays its part in this.
Fast fashion brands, which release hundreds of new styles every week, have caused trends cycles to speed up rapidly, leading to overproduction and overconsumption. British shoppers are buying twice as much as we did a decade ago and both brands and consumers are throwing away “unfashionable” clothing more often—over 300,000 of it ends up in landfill every year. How do we solve this issue
One answer lies in the new generation of made-to-order brands making their way into the mainstream. These brands make clothes only as and when they’re ordered, and because there’s no overproduction, less unwanted stock ends up in landfills. They also promote a slower fashion model, with pieces taking between three weeks and three months to arrive once purchased. The focus is on creating special, well-made pieces for consumers to treasure for years to come.
Made-to-order fashion is nothing new. Until the mid-20th century, it was the norm. However, the 1960s brought about the dawn of fast fashion and a shift in our relationship with our clothes. The value once placed on craftsmanship and quality was replaced by the desire for low cost and volume, resulting in cut-cost production and the attitude that clothing should be cheap and disposable.
Of course, made-to-order fashion has continued to exist alongside this, though research clearly shows that fast fashion prevails (盛行). Cue a made-to-order brand bringing bespoke (定制) back to the mainstream. Spanish brand Alas features a slow business model. It takes orders each week which are then handmade and delivered in about three weeks. It also revolves around an on-demand production process that rewards consumers for “pre-planned responsible shopping.” Every week, they launch a new drop, available to pre-order for a discounted rate for a limited time. From pre-order, Alas determines how popular each new item is and calculates how many units should be produced to fulfill both pre-orders and future full-price orders, therefore reducing the overproduction of stock.
With made-to-order brands growing in popularity, it begs the question—could this be the dawn of a new, environmentally responsible era The answer is self-evident.
28. What do the first two paragraphs mainly show
A. Our strong desire for fashion.
B. The fast development of fashion industry.
C. The urgent need for a different fashion model.
D. The advantages and disadvantages of fast fashion.
29. What does the underlined word “this” in Paragraph 5 refer to
A. The shadow of fast fashion.
B. The value placed on quality.
C. The shift towards a green lifestyle.
D. The criticism for cheapness and quantity.
30. What does the example of Spanish brand Alas tell us
A. The reward mechanism is a must in slow fashion.
B. It takes patience and thought to buy made-to-order items.
C. The pre-order model reduces the cost of purchasing brands.
D. Consumers have a say about how their orders are produced.
31. As for the future of made-to-order fashion, the author is ________ .
A anxious B. confident
C. puzzled D. curious
其实很多时候，出题人会把阅读理解原文中出现的关键词换个意思相近的词设置成正确答案，所以看本文的时候，要留意那些带等号的关键词哦!
accurate=precise 精确的 authentic 真实的=genuine可信reliable
genuine=sincere 真诚的 accessible 可使用的，可进入的
available 可获得的 artificial 人造的
betray 背叛 acquire /acquisition习得
attain 赢得，获得，达到 obtain (通过努力)获得
accomplish (通过努力)实现 realize=come true success/goal=achieve
acquaintance 熟人 autonomous= independent自主的，自发的
automatic 自动的 accumulate 积累
accelerate=speed up 加速 amateur 业余的=part-time
professional 职业的 arbitrary 随意的，武断的，专横的
abolish 消除 apparent =transparent=obvious
polish 抛光，打磨，韵色 bachelor 学士，单身男子
adore 喜欢，爱慕 embarrassed (人)尴尬的
awkward 令人难堪的，尴尬 application 应用
boom 繁荣,暴涨 antique 古董,老式的
abundant=adequate=ample sufficient足够的 abandon 抛弃
appropriate=proper 合理的，恰当的 acknowledge 承认
biography 传记 angel 天使
perspective =angle角度 bandage 鹏带，捆绑tie…up
adolescent 青春期,青少年 ancestor 祖先
journalist=newspaper reporter advocate =sponsor资助，资助者
absurd=illogical 荒谬的=ridiculous absolutely =entirely
approximate=about 大约 bare rock/hill;暴露
barrier=obstacle 障碍 bold= brave=courageous大胆的
bare=naked 赤脚的; cunning 狡猾的
bald 秃头的，不加修饰 allergic 过敏的
acute 严重的，敏感的;激烈的 sensible 明智的
behalf 代表 overwhelming 难以抗拒的，压倒性的
sensitive 敏感的 breakthrough 突破
awesome 可怕的，惊人敬畏 specific 具体的=concrete=detailed
bungalow =cottage小木屋 brilliant 辉煌的
abstract 抽象的 certificate 证书;
brochure=booklet 小册子 qualify 资格.
abnormal 非正常的 qualification 资格证明
certification 资格证 clarify=illustrate= Light on 澄清
identify 辩身份 characteristic =feature特征
charity 慈善 launch 发射;开始
cease= stop dynamic =energetic动态的,
laundry 干洗 contrast 对比，对照
campaign=activity 活动 coincidence 巧合
dramatic 戏剧性的 considerable great=substantial大规模的
contract 合同 circulate 循环
calculate=reckon 估算 compromise 妥协
considerate 体贴的 delicate =fragile精准的，易碎的
circuit 电路 college 大学
promise 承诺 decline 下降，婉拒
colleague=worker mate同事 chase=pursue 追逐=run after
decrease=reduce 下降 doom 注定…做…
collapse 坍塌 compliment =flatter=praise赞美
condemn 谴责;判刑;强迫..做.. complain 抱怨/complaint
carpenter 木工 leisure =relaxation
complement 完成 commercial/ financial/economical
depressed=feel down =let down companion 陪伴/company/accompany
dispute=argument =/quarrel dominate =control控制
deliberately=intentionally =on purpose discount 打折
candidate 候选人 controversial 有争议的
conservation =preservation dilemma 进退两难
cautious=careful 谨慎的 exaggerate 夸张
contradictory contradiction sustainable 可持续的
capable=competent=able 能力 embassy 大使馆
maintain=keep up 保持 deposit=put 存储
marvelous =extraordinary definitely =beyond/without question
desperate=eager 急切的 objective 客观的
withdraw 取款 neutral 中立的
critical 批评的 opposed 反对的
subjective 主观的 ecology ecology=environmental
critical 批评的 fantasy 想象 虚幻的
liberty=freedom 自由 evaluate =assess=estimate
fantastic=incredible 奇妙的 Ensure =guarantee
equality/quality quantity=amount evolution 进化
emphasize=highlight =underline强调 maximum /minimum最大化 最小化
fierce=intense 激烈的 intensive 集中的
revolution 革命 medium/media 中等的,媒体
extension/extend/extensive 扩大 merely =simply=just=only
expand=enlarge smelly =stinking臭的
enterprise=venture 企业=business erupt =explode=blow…up
fragrant=perfumed =sweet香的 emerge=appear 出现
element=component 元素 fundamental =basic基本的，根本的
military=force 军队 flexible /tense
estimate=guess 估计 electronic 电子的
foundation=base 基本 electrical 与电有关的
foresee=predict 预言 extinct =die out
electric 通过电工作的 monitor 班长，监控，显示器
establish=build essential =vital/necessary
enormous=vast =massive=huge multiply 乘,增加
elegant=graceful 优雅的 erase=rub..out wipe---away
motivate/motivation =inspire/inspiration negative 反positive
mysterious=puzzling 困惑的 facility =appliance设备
endanger= Cause damage to efficient 有效率的
enthusiasm/pessimism 乐观/悲观 influential =prominent=powerful
impact=effect =influence investigate =inspect视察
effective 有效果的 nevertheless =however
negotiate=discuss 谈判 interval=break 中场休息
gymnastics=gym nutrition 营养
notepad=note=pad 笔记本 gallery 画廊
glory=spender 辉煌，光荣 habitat 栖息地
intelligence 智力 nursery =kindergarten幼儿园
diligence 勤奋 geometry 几何学
habit 习惯 intend/ intention
observe 观察，遵循，庆祝 慷慨/ 小气
astronomy 天文学 factor=aspect 因素=part
generous/ mean ingredient 成分
imitate=model after…模仿 heritage =cultural relics
guilty/ innocent insurance 保险