2023届高考英语二轮语法复习：主谓一致讲义（含答案）

高考英语一轮语法复习---主谓一致
一、 概念：
主谓一致即谓语动词在人称和数上要和主语保持一致，遵循以下4个原则：
1. 语法一致: 谓语动词在单复数形式上要和主语保持一致
2. 意义一致: 谓语动词要和主语意义上的单复数保持一致
3. 就近原则: 谓语动词要和靠近它的主语部分保持一致
4. 就前原则：谓语动词要和最前面的主语部分保持一致

主谓一致巩固练习
一、 主谓一致与高考真题
1. （2016全国）Leaving the less important things until tomorrow ______(be) often acceptable.
2. （2017全国）Fast food ______ full of fat and salt; by eating more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.
3. （2017天津）Nowadays, cycling, along with jogging and swimming, ___________ (regard) as one of the best all-round forms of exercise.
4. （2018北京）A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who ________ (trap) in the mountains for two days.
5. （2018新课标II卷）Since 2011, the country __________(grow) more corn than rice.
6. (2019江苏) The musician along with his band members ________ (give) ten performances in the last three months.
7. （2019天津）Amy, as well as her brothers, ___________ (give) a warm welcome when returning to the village last week.
8. （2019新课标I卷）Of the nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six ________ (be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.
9. （2020山东卷）The parts of a museum open to the public ______ (call) galleries or rooms.
10. （2020浙江卷）And，as more children were born，more food ______(need).
11. （2021新课标I卷）You can’t help wondering how hard it ___________（be）for the people then to put all those rocks into place.
12. （2021新课标II卷）Whenever I heard of businesses using plastic, I'd send an email. One of the biggest companies I wrote to ____________ (be) Alaska Airlines Paris.
13. （2020 全国II）Chinese New Year is a celebration marking the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring. Thus is why decorating with plants, fruits and flowers __________ (carry) special significance.
14. （2021年浙江卷1月）It is calculated by dividing a person’s weight in kg by their height in meters squared, and a BMI of between 19 and 25 ___ ____ (consider) healthy.
15. （2021年北京卷）There __________(be) a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events over the past 20 years, causing largely by rising global temperatures, according to a new report from the United Nations.
16. （2022新高考I卷）The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that __________ (be)previously unprotected.
17. （2022新高考I卷）After a three-year pilot period, the GPNP will be officially set up next year. The GPNP __________ (design)to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity(完整性)of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones, and leaving behind precious natural assets(资产)for future generations”.
18. （2022年浙江卷1月）Travelling to conferences, lectures, workshops, and the like frequently by plane ________（view） as important for scientists to get together and exchange information.
19. （2022年浙江卷1月）But Cobb and others ________ （be） now questioning that idea pushing conferences to provide more chances to participate remotely, and changing their personal behavior to do their part in dealing with the climate change crisis.
20. （2022年浙江卷1月）On a website called No Fly Climate Sci, for example, roughly 200 academics —many of them climate scientists __________ （promise） to fly as little as possible since the effort started two years ago.
二、 单句语法填空
1． Either you or the headmaster _______ (be) to hand out the prizes to those gifted students at the meeting. is
2． He is the only one of the students who _______ (be) a winner of scholarship for three years. is
3． The singer and the composer _________(be) famous to many young people. are
4． They each __________(have) a dictionary in hand while translating. have
5． When and how he did it _____ (be) of great importance to the Family. was
6． When he would be back and how he make it ____________(be) unclear. were
7． The team that ______ (be) competing with each other _______(be) made up of 6 fixed members. are, is
8． Two-thirds of the members ___________ (participate) in the game since its birth. have participated
9． One fifth of the water ________(be) in the bucket. was
10. Half of the success _______________ (achieve) by her efforts. has been achieved.
三、 语法填空
Trump Card（王牌对王牌）， an indoor competition reality show 1._________(launch) by Zhejiang TV. Zhejiang TV. Each episode 2. _________(center) on a theme, inviting two teams to battle, of which the fixed captains 3. _______(lead) several popular IP guests to PK. Shen Teng, a famous actor and director,4. ______ (act) as the leader as well as a competitor of this show. All the team members 5. _______(fight) for triumph through talent and game competition. The show is so popular that not only I but also my friends6. _____ (like) it. The reason why the show has won so many claps 7. ________(be) that the team 8. _____ (have) entertained people with laughter. Thus, many a man and many a woman 9._________ (think) that the team 10._____ (be) a wonderful one.
四、 写作运用
1. （机场丢钱包）里面还有我的身份证、两张信用卡和一些现金。
_______________________________________________________________
Inside is my ID card with two credit card and a couple cash.
2. 过去的3年见证了我的成长和进步。
_______________________________________________
The past three years have witnessed my growth and progress.
3. 正是你所做的是很重要的。
__________________________________________
It is what you do that counts.
4. 坚持锻炼身体是很重要的，这增强了我的体质。
_______________________________________________
Taking exercise is important, which builds up my body.
5. （承认错误）是我而不是你应受责备。
_____________________________________________
It was I not you that was to blame.
答案
一、 主谓一致与高考真题
1. is 2. is 3. is regarded is 4. had been trapped 5. has grown 6. has given 7. was given 8. are 9. are called 10 was needed 11.is 12.was 13. carries 14. is considered 15.has been 16.were 17. is designed 18.is viewed/ has been viewed 19.are 20. have promised
二、 单句语法填空
1. is 2. is 3. are 4. have 5． was 6． were 7. are, is
8． have participated 9 .was 10. has been achieved.