Unit 3 Getting along with others单元质量检测卷（含答案）
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| 名称 | Unit 3 Getting along with others单元质量检测卷（含答案） |  | |
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| 资源类型 | 试卷 | ||
| 版本资源 | 牛津译林版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2022-10-17 10:24:03 | ||
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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit 3单元质量检测卷
第一部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Camberwell College Swimming Pools
Camberwell College of Arts has one 50m (Olympic sized) pool with a depth of 2m throughout, and one 25m pool with a 1m shallow end and a 4m deep end. Both pools may be used by the general public at certain times.
50m Pool
The pool is often used for classes, but the general public may use two lanes(泳道) for lane swimming at the following times.
Monday: 06：30～11：30 and 19：00～21：00
Tuesday: 06：30～11：30 and 18：00～21：00
Wednesday: 06：30～13：30 and 17：30～21：30
Thursday: 06：30～13：30
Friday: 06：30～13：30
Weekends: 09：00～17：00
Children under the age of 14 must be accompanied by an adult.
Please note that during College holidays, these times will be different. Call 04837 393560 for up to date information.
25m Pool
The 25m pool is available for recreational (non lane) swimming from 07：00～09：00 and 12：30～13：30 on weekdays, and 10：00～16：00 on Saturdays.
Children aged 12 and under must be accompanied.
We regret that the 25m pool will be closed for redecoration between 21st July and 18th August. The men's changing rooms will be closed for the week beginning 19th August, and the women's changing rooms will be closed the following week. Alternative changing rooms will be made available. We're sorry for this.
1. When can the general public use the 50m pool on Sundays
A. 06：30. B. 13：30.
C. 18：00. D. 21：00.
2. What do we know about the 50m pool
A. It's 4 meters deep.
B. It's usually used for teaching.
C. It's unsuitable for children under 14.
D. It's unavailable during College holidays.
3. The 25m pool will be closed ________．
A. for a week B. on 26th August
C. on 19th August D. for about a month
B
About 8：15 one morning, I left for the airport to meet friends from Holland, only to discover that the plane was to be an hour late. The airport is close by, so I went home to wait.
Arriving at the house, I found my dog, Clyde, in a very excited state, pushing his nose into a flowerbed near our front door then jumping back, barking(吠) all the time. I thought that perhaps he had seen a mouse among the leaves. Then suddenly he ran to the other end of flowerbed right by the front door, and began the same again—this time at a rosemary bush.
I decided to check with a stick. Do you know what I found A snake! I was in shock! Quickly, the cobra was slithering(蜿蜒着滑行) up the steps to our front door! Two quick blows from me with the stick and it was dead. Clyde was still unsure of it and kept barking.
I just had time to put the snake in a plastic bag and leave it for the rubbish truck before returning to the airport to greet my friends. If the plane had been on time, things might have been very different here today! Friends have told me that the cobra aims to spit in a person's eyes in order to blind them. Clyde's barking warned me that something was wrong and danger was near. If Clyde had not been “on guard”， the cobra could easily have got into our house. There he might have lain hidden, ready to “surprise attack” me when I wasn't expecting it. This reminds me of the fact that anything can happen at any time so we should be always “on guard”. We cannot take life for granted, and should appreciate every day that we have.
4. Why was Clyde so excited when the author returned
A. Because a snake bit him.
B. Because he saw a mouse.
C. Because his owner came back.
D. Because he sensed danger was near.
5. Where did the author first see the snake
A. At the rosemary bush.
B. At the steps to the front door.
C. At the far end of the flowerbed.
D. At the near end of the flowerbed.
6. Which of the following best describes Clyde
A. Playful. B. Curious.
C. Watchful. D. Courageous.
7. What would be the best title for the passage
A. A Life Lesson
B. A Miracle of Life
C. An Unforgettable Experience
D. An Unexpected Guest
C
When someone is going through a challenging time, for instance, it can be easy to assume(假设) that he needs advice. It is then going to be as though he doesn't know what to do, meaning that he will need to be saved. We can then end up feeling a lot of pressure(压力)—pressure that will arise through having the need to say the right things to this person. As a result of this, it is going to be about listening to what he is going through and simply being there for him; it will be about doing things for him.
Then again, this might not be something that causes us to experience any more pressure than we usually do, due to the fact that this is what we are used to doing. This is not going to be much of a surprise, considering we are likely to live in a world that is focused on doing rather than being.
When someone is going through a challenging time, what he might really need is for another person to just be there for him, meaning that having another person's presence there will be more than enough. He will be able to express what is going on and this can allow him to let go of a lot of weight off his shoulders and to become clear about what he needs to do. We are then just being and don't do anything, yet we would have had a big effect on him.
This could be seen as a method that women would take as one wouldn't have done anything, while the need to do something is a more masculine method. If the other person wants our advice, we can provide it, but this is not something that we have to offer. Sitting back and not doing anything is going to be a challenge for us if we believe that our value is based on what we do. But doing something will stop us from being able to realize that our value is inherent(固有的) and that we don't need to do anything.
No tools, techniques, special words or phrases are needed; the only thing that is needed is complete presence.
8. For one who wants to help others experiencing a hard time, ________．
A. he may prefer to take action rather than just say something
B. he may feel much honored if they ask him for advice
C. the most effective way is to find out the reason
D. what he should do depends on what they ask for
9. When someone is in a hard situation, he ________．
A. actually needs anyone's help
B. may just want a person to talk
C. may expect others to offer useful advice
D. is unable to analyze the situation by himself
10. What does the underlined word “masculine” in the fourth paragraph mean
A. Done by men.
B. Taken by women.
C. Accepted by most.
D. Used during communication.
11. If a person does nothing but listening while realizing others need help, ________．
A. he will be considered unwilling to help
B. it means he wants to share the pressure
C. he is actually realizing his value in a way
D. he is adding extra pressure to them
D
When you walk into your place of work in the morning, are you walking in as yourself or as a stranger While the workplace is a place to wear your professional face, it's also a place where you should feel comfortable and connected to your coworkers. There's a good reason for this: A new study finds that hiding your true self at work is not good for your career and your sense of belonging in the workplace.
“When someone hides their true identity(个性), their social connections suffer, which has an impact not just on the individual, but also on the organization they work for，” says co author Professor Manuela Barreto. “Our findings suggest openness about one's identity is often beneficial for individuals, the group and their workplace.”
When employers fail to create this sense of belonging among their employees, it's difficult for the individuals to find their purposes in work. This then impacts their ability to be productive. More specifically, the researchers found that hiding these characteristics from coworkers reduces their self respect, job fulfillment and job commitment.
For the study, researchers at University of Exeter focused on commonly stigmatized(感到羞耻的) characteristics, like having a history of poverty or mental or physical illnesses. They sought to see how hiding such conditions could affect one's ability to grow.
The findings were based on multiple studies they analyzed from the Netherlands and the USA. In one of the experiments, they had 95 men and women describe a time when they either hid or revealed(展现) a stigmatized characteristic about themselves. In another one, the researchers offered imaginary scenarios(情景) to 303 participants that again either hid or revealed themselves.
In both experiments, participants were then asked how they'd feel after hiding or sharing the stigmatized characteristic. The answers of those who hid themselves resulted in the conclusion stated above: lower sense of belonging and job fulfillment and commitment.
So we need environments where people don't need to hide. Encouraging complete openness can turn the office into a more comfortable place that allows employees to enjoy working.
12. Why is Professor Manuela Barreto mentioned
A. To clarify the process of the study.
B. To explain the findings of the study.
C. To state the purposes of the study.
D. To show the influence of the study.
13. What do the researchers find about employees who hide their characteristics
A. They always look down upon others.
B. They are often content with their work.
C. They are likely to get tired of their work.
D. They can ruin their coworkers' confidence.
14. What were participants in both experiments required to do
A. To tell their stigmatized memories.
B. To participate in real scenarios.
C. To describe others' characteristics.
D. To report their true feelings.
15. What is the main idea of the text
A. Openness is beneficial to your job promotion.
B. Stigmatized characteristics need hiding properly.
C. Hiding who you are is harmful in the workplace.
D. The sense of belonging benefits employees a lot.
第二节(共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Travelling with friends can be an amazing experience where you could make lifelong memories or it could ruin your friendship. __16__ Here are some rules you should follow to make sure your next trip with friends goes as smoothly as possible.
__17__ Sure, you and your friends probably have some similar interests, but that's not always the case. In an effort to keep everyone happy, go over travel plans and expectations ahead of time. Have each person categorize(分类) activities or sights into “must see” “want to see” and “would go if we have time”. Plan accordingly and make sure everyone can see some of their top attractions.
Communicate and respect each other. Everyone has personal preferences when travelling—from getting the bed closest to the bathroom or sitting in the airplane's window seat. But sometimes things don't go as you like. In this case, share your requirements directly with your travel companions. __18__ Have a conversation when problems arise, for communication is the key.
Don't disappear. When travelling with a group—or even just one other person—you may want some alone time. That's completely fine, but make sure your friends know where you are and have a way of contacting you. __19__
Get off your phone. Of course, your friends will understand if you need to take a call from a family member, or in the event of a work emergency, but other than that, try to stay off your phone. __20__ After all, the appeal of this type of trip is to spend time with friends. Just enjoy it!
A. Give each other some space.
B. Include at least one activity for everyone.
C. So it's important to make sure you and your friend(s) are on the same page.
D. At the same time, listen to their concerns and be respectful of them.
E. Don't respond to less important work contact or send messages frequently.
F. It's especially true of travelling in foreign countries or unfamiliar places.
G. And remember that consideration and respect go a long way.
16. ________ 17. ________ 18. ________19. ________ 20. ________
第二部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分)
请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选择中，选出最佳选项。
As a young boy, Britain's great former Prime Minister(首相), Sir Winston Churchill attended a public school called Harrow. He was not a good student and nearly __21__ from the school for breaking the rules. __22__， he did finish his schoolwork and his mistakes there did not prevent him from going on to a university. He even really had an army experience, for which he was later elected __23__. He achieved it for his wisdom and courage. Because he once refused to __24__ during the painful days of World War Ⅱ. His amazing determination helped inspire his entire nation and was an __25__ worldwide.
Towards the end of his period as Prime Minister, he was __26__ to make a speech to the students at his old school. When the great day arrived, Sir Winston Churchill gave his short, clear cut speech：
“Young man, never give up. Never give up! Never give up! Never, never, never, never！”
Another __27__ example is Sandra Day O'Connor who fought to achieve her best education. Graduating at the top of her class, she worked her __28__ into Stanford Law School, where she graduated with __29__. Though working hard, she was __30__ a woman in the 1950s. She was refused by many law firms __31__ they preferred to hire a less qualified(有资格的) man __32__ a great woman lawyer. Yet she refused to give up on her dreams. With great efforts her dream finally came true.
Just like Churchill and Sandra, they stand for those who never give up. __33__， many people in our daily life simply say they want something but without making efforts. Instead, they let the fear of failure stop them from trying. As a wise saying goes: “It's not how many times you fall down that __34__. It's how many times you get back up that makes success！” With hard work, __35__ and preparation, you can overcome any difficulty and achieve success.
21. A. removed B. replaced
C. returned D. refused
22. A. Thankfully B. Briefly
C. Personally D. Carefully
23. A. doctor B. minister
C. worker D. teacher
24. A. give out B. give off
C. give in D. give away
25. A. interview B. information
C. introduction D. inspiration
26. A. required B. succeeded
C. invited D. ordered
27. A. familiar B. similar
C. practical D. different
28. A. route B. power
C. way D. path
29. A. heights B. harvests
C. humour D. honours
30. A. still B. never
C. once D. hardly
31. A. when B. as
C. although D. if
32. A. other than B. more than
C. rather than D. less than
33. A. Therefore B. However
C. Besides D. Again
34. A. deserves B. influences
C. amazes D. matters
35. A. imagination B. creativity
C. interest D. determination
第二节(共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在标有序号的空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中单词的正确形式。
Do you know the UK government has (36)________ (successful) passed a law banning branding on packs of cigarettes That means tobacco makers will be forced to pack (37)________ (they) cigarettes in plain packets.
The motivation behind this (38)________ (decide) is to make smoking less appealing to people, especially children.
A similar law (39)________ was passed in Australia in 2012 has resulted (40)________ a fall in smoking rates from 15.1% to 12.8% for people aged 14.
As of January 2015, 22% of adult men and 17% of adult women smoke in Great Britain. The possibility of smoking in the UK increases with age so that by 15 years of age 8% of school children (41)________ (be) regular smokers. Children, it is thought, will be less attracted to cigarettes (42)________ (sell) in unbranded boxes.
Smoking is one of (43)________ biggest causes of preventable deaths in England. Every year about 80，000 die and over 450，000 people (44)________ (send) to hospital due to smoking. This places a large stress on the health service and is also a factor in why the government would like to prevent people (45)________ (take) up smoking or help them quit.
第三部分 应用文写作(满分15分)
假如你是李华，你的朋友Tom跟他最好的朋友因观念不同吵架了，所以他现在非常沮丧。请给他写一封建议信。内容如下：
1. 表明写信目的；
2. 修复友谊的方法。
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 开头语和结束语已为你写好。
Dear Tom，
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Yours，
Li Hua
答案
第一部分 阅读理解
第一节
A
【文章大意】 本文是一篇应用文，介绍了Camberwell College两个游泳池的详细情况，对公众的开放时间以及注意事项。
1. B 细节理解题。根据50m Pool中“Weekends: 09：00～17：00”可知50米的游泳池在周末对公众开放的时间是09：00～17：00，四个选项中只有13：30在此时间段内。故选B。
2. B 细节理解题。根据50m Pool中“The pool is often used for classes”可知，该泳池经常用于教学。故选B。
3. D 细节理解题。根据最后一段“the 25m pool will be closed for redecoration between 21st July and 18th August.”可知，25米的泳池将在7月21日到8月18日之间重新装修，关闭大约1个月时间。故选D。
B
【文章大意】 这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者的狗感受到危险，向作者示警，作者得以解除危险，由此作者得到教训，任何事情都可能在任何时候发生，我们应该时刻保持警惕。
4. D 推理判断题。根据第二段“Arriving at the house, I found my dog, Clyde, in a very excited state, pushing his nose into a flowerbed near our front door then jumping back, barking all the time.(到了家里，我发现我的狗克莱德非常兴奋，他把鼻子伸进我们前门附近的花坛里，然后又跳回来，一直在叫。)”以及第三段“Do you know what I found A snake！(你知道我发现了什么吗？一条蛇！)”可知，克莱德非常兴奋是因为它感觉到那里有一条蛇，感受到危险就在附近。故选D。
5. A 细节理解题。根据第二段“Then suddenly he ran to the other end of flowerbed right by the front door, and began the same again—this time at a rosemary bush.(然后，他突然跑到前门旁边花坛的另一端，这次又在一丛迷迭香丛中开始了同样的动作。)”以及第三段“I decided to check with a stick. Do you know what I found A snake！(我决定用棍子检查一下。你知道我发现了什么吗？一条蛇！)”可知，作者首次看到蛇时，蛇在迷迭香丛中。故选A。
6. C 推理判断题。根据第四段“Clyde's barking warned me that something was wrong and danger was near.(克莱德的吠声提醒我，有什么不对劲，危险就在眼前。)”以及文章内容可知，克莱德感受到危险，提醒自己的主人，所以克莱德是很警惕的。故选C。
7. A 主旨大意题。通读全文并结合最后一段“This reminds me of the fact that anything can happen at any time so we should be always ‘on guard’. We cannot take life for granted, and should appreciate every day that we have.(这让我想起了一个事实，任何事情都可能在任何时候发生，所以我们应该时刻保持警惕。我们不能把生活视为理所当然，应该珍惜我们拥有的每一天。)”可知，作者从克莱德感受到危险为自己示警，自己得以解除危险的事实中得到了教训，所以“人生的教训”可以作为文章标题。故选A。
C
【文章大意】 这是一篇说明文。短文说明了当人正在经历一段具有挑战性的时期时，需要别人的陪伴，而陪伴的这个人除了倾听什么都不做，那么他实际上在某种程度上实现了自己帮助别人的价值。
8. A 细节理解题。根据第一段“As a result of this, it is going to be about listening to what he is going through and simply being there for him; it will be about doing things for him.(因此，这是关于倾听他正在经历的事情，陪伴在他身边，为他做一些事情。)”可知，对于一个想要帮助别人度过困难时期的人来说，他可能更愿意采取行动，而不是仅仅说些什么。故选A。
9. B 细节理解题。根据第三段“When someone is going through a challenging time, what he might really need is for another person to just be there for him, meaning that having another person's presence there will be more than enough.(当一个人正在经历一段充满挑战的时期，他真正需要的可能是另一个人陪在他身边，也就是说，有另一个人在身边就足够了。)”可知，当一个人处于困境时，他可能只是想让一个人和他说说话。故选B。
10. A 词义猜测题。根据第四段“This could be seen as a method that women would take as one wouldn't have done anything(这可以看作是一种女性不会采取任何行动的方法)”可知，然而，需要做些什么是一种由男性来做的一种方法。由此判断出，划线词的意思是“由男性来做”。故选A。
11. C 推理判断题。根据第四段“Sitting back and not doing anything is going to be a challenge for us if we believe that our value is based on what we do. But doing something will stop us from being able to realize that our value is inherent(固有的) and that we don't need to do anything.(如果我们相信我们的价值观是建立在我们所做的事情的基础上的，那么坐着不做任何事情对我们来说将是一个挑战。但是做一些事情会阻止我们意识到我们的价值是与生俱来的，我们不需要做任何事情。)”可推知，如果一个人在意识到别人需要帮助的时候，除了倾听别人什么都不做，那么他实际上在某种程度上意识到了自己的价值。故选C。
D
【文章大意】 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍在工作场所隐藏真实的自我是有害的，作者通过这篇文章鼓励员工展现真实的自己。
12. B 推理判断题。根据第二段“‘When someone hides their true identity, their social connections suffer, which has an impact not just on the individual, but also on the organization they work for，’ says co author Professor Manuela Barreto.(联合作者Manuela Barreto教授说：‘当某人隐藏自己的真实身份时，他们的社交关系就会受到损害，这不仅会影响个人，还会影响他们工作的组织。’)”可知，作者提到Manuela Barreto教授，目的是为了进一步解释研究结果。故选B。
13. C 细节理解题。根据第三段“More specifically, the researchers found that hiding these characteristics from coworkers reduces their self respect, job fulfillment and job commitment.(更具体地说，研究人员发现，在同事面前隐藏这些特征会降低他们的自尊、工作成就感和工作承诺。)”可知，研究人员发现，那些隐藏自己特征的员工很可能对工作感到厌倦。故选C。
14. D 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“In both experiments, participants were then asked how they'd feel after hiding or sharing the stigmatized characteristic.(在两个实验中，参与者都被问及在隐藏或分享了被羞辱的特征后的感受。)”可知，两个实验的参与者都要求报告他们的真实感受。故选D。
15. C 主旨大意题。阅读文章内容，根据第一段“A new study finds that hiding your true self at work is not good for your career and your sense of belonging in the workplace.(一项新的研究发现，在工作中隐藏真实的自我对你的职业生涯和职场归属感都没有好处。)”可知，本文主要讲述了在工作场所隐藏真实的自我是有害的。故选C。
第二节
【文章大意】 本文是说明文。文章介绍了和朋友快乐出游避免毁掉友谊的几条建议。
16. C 根据上文“Travelling with friends can be an amazing experience where you could make lifelong memories or it could ruin your friendship.(和朋友一起旅行会是一次美妙的经历，你可能会留下一生的回忆，也可能会毁掉你们的友谊。)”和朋友一起旅行可能很美好，但也可能对毁掉友谊，故本句与上文构成因果关系，指出和朋友保持意见一致的重要性。故C选项“因此，确保你和你的朋友意见一致是很重要的。”符合语境。故选C。
17. B 根据下文“Have each person categorize(分类) activities or sights into ‘must see’ ‘want to see’ and ‘would go if we have time’. Plan accordingly and make sure everyone can see some of their top attractions.(让每个人将活动或景点划分为‘必看’、‘想看’和‘如果有时间会去’。制定相应的计划，确保每个人都能看到他们的一些顶级景点。)”可知，本段主要阐述，和朋友一起出去旅游，应该做好计划，使每个人都有机会看到自己想看的景点或者做到自己想做的活动。故B选项“至少为每个人准备一项活动。”符合语境。故选B。
18. D 根据本段第一句“Communicate and respect each other.(相互沟通，互相尊重。)”以及上一句“In this case, share your requirements directly with your travel companions.(在这种情况下，直接与你的旅伴分享你的要求。)”可知，和朋友一起出去旅游的过程中，要相互沟通，互相尊重，把你的需要告诉同伴，可推知，下文可能谈到要了解同伴的感受，故D选项“同时，倾听他们的担忧，尊重他们。”符合语境。故选D。
19. F 根据本段第一句“Don't disappear.(不要玩消失。)”以及该空上一句“That's completely fine, but make sure your friends know where you are and have a way of contacting you.(这完全没问题，但要确保你的朋友知道你在哪里，并有办法联系你。)”可知，该段谈到了与朋友外出旅行时，一定要与朋友保持联系，避免发生危险。故F选项“在国外或不熟悉的地方旅行时尤其如此。”符合语境。故选F。
20. E 根据本段第一句“Get off your phone.(放下你的手机。)”以及该空上一句“Of course, your friends will understand if you need to take a call from a family member, or in the event of a work emergency, but other than that, try to stay off your phone.(当然，如果你需要接家人的电话，或者工作上的紧急情况，你的朋友会理解的，但除此之外，尽量远离手机。)”可知，作者认为，与朋友一起出去旅游，要全身心的投入，紧急情况除外，尽力远离手机。故E选项“不要回复不太重要的工作联系或频繁发送信息。”符合语境。故选E。
第二部分 语言知识运用
第一节
【文章大意】 本文为夹叙夹议文。主要通过丘吉尔和桑德拉的例子向我们证明了成功需要有决心，并且为之付出努力。
21. A 考查动词。句意：他不是一名好学生，差点因为违反学校纪律被学校开除。remove移开；replace替代；return返回；refuse拒绝。根据句子中“breaking the rules”可知，违反纪律要被开除。故选A。
22. A 考查副词。句意：谢天谢地，他完成了学业，他在学校犯的错误并没有阻止他上大学。thankfully幸亏；briefly简洁地；personally就本人而言；carefully小心地。根据后文“he did finish his schoolwork and his mistakes there did not prevent him from going on to a university”可知，他最终还是上了大学，这是一件幸运的事情，用thankfully符合语境。故选A。
23. B 考查名词。句意：他甚至真的有过参军的经历，为此他后来被选为首相。doctor医生；minister部长；worker工人；teacher教师。根据句意和丘吉尔的背景可知他被选为了英国首相。故选B。
24. C 考查动词短语。句意：因为在第二次世界大战痛苦的日子里，他曾经拒绝屈服。give out分发，用光；give off 发出；give in 屈服；give away赠送。根据“His amazing determination”可知，他拒绝投降，勇气可嘉。故选C。
25. D 考查名词。句意：他的决心帮助鼓舞了整个民族，还鼓舞了世界。interview采访；information信息；introduction介绍；inspiration鼓舞。根据前句“His amazing determination helped inspire his entire nation”可知，此处应填鼓舞。故选D。
26. C 考查动词。句意：在他的首相任期即将结束时，他应约向他母校的学生发表演讲。require要求；succeed成功；invite邀请；order订购。根据“make a speech to the students at his old school.”可知他是被邀请做演讲。故选C。
27. B 考查形容词。句意：另一个相似的例子是Sandra Day O'Connor。familiar熟悉的；similar相像的；practical切实可行的；different不同的。根据后文“Just like Churchill and Sandra, they stand for those who never give up.”可知，她和丘吉尔有相似的品质。故选B。
28. C 考查名词。句意：以班里第一的成绩毕业，她努力地考入了斯坦福大学法学院，并以优异的成绩毕业。route路线；power能量；way方式；path小路。根据固定短语work one's way to表示努力进入。故选C。
29. D 考查名词。句意同上。height高度；harvest收成；humor幽默；honour尊敬。根据后文“a great woman lawyer”可知她取得了荣誉。故选D。
30. A 考查副词。句意：尽管她很努力，但在20世纪50年代她仍然是个女性。still仍然；never从不；once曾经；hardly几乎不。根据后文“She was refused by many law firms __31__ they preferred to hire a less qualified(有资格的) man __32__ a great woman lawyer.”可知，那时很多工作都拒绝女性，故此处是指虽然她很努力，但仍然因为是女性而被拒绝。故选A。
31. B 考查连词。句意：许多律师事务所都拒绝了她的申请，因为他们宁愿聘用资历较低的男性律师，也不愿聘用优秀的女律师。when当……时候；as因为；although尽管；if如果。根据语境可知，前后文为因果关系。故选B。
32. C 考查固定短语。句意同上。other than除了；more than不仅仅； rather than 而不是；less than少于。根据语境可知她被拒绝了，他们选择男士而不是女士。故选C。
33. B 考查副词。句意：然而，在我们的日常生活中，许多人只是简单地说他们想要什么，但没有努力。therefore因此；however然而；besides此外；again再一次。根据句意可知，此处表转折。故选B。
34. D 考查动词。句意：不是你跌倒了多少次重要。deserve值得；influence影响；amaze使惊奇；matter要紧。根据后文“It's how many times you get back up that makes success！”可知，是你跌倒多少次让你成功的，这才重要。故选D。
35. D 考查名词。句意：只要努力工作，有决心和准备，你可以克服任何困难，获得成功。imagination想象力；creativity创造力；interest兴趣；determination决心。根据上文例子可知成功需要努力和决心，且上文的“His amazing determination helped inspire his entire nation and was an __25__ worldwide.”也是提示。故选D。
第二节
【文章大意】 本文是说明文。英国政府通过了一项禁止在香烟包装上印上商标的法律，文章介绍了制定这一法律的动机和背景。
36. successfully 考查副词。句意：你知道英国政府已经成功通过了一项禁止在香烟包装上印上商标的法律吗？ 根据句意可知，空处在句中修饰动词passed，应用副词形式successfully，作状语，表示“成功地”。故填successfully。
37. their 考查代词。句意：这意味着烟草制造商将被迫用普通包装包装他们的香烟。根据句意可知，空处在句中修饰名词cigarettes，应用形容词性物主代词their，作定语，表示“他们的”。故填their。
38. decision 考查名词。句意：这一决定背后的动机是降低吸烟对人们，特别是儿童的吸引力。结合空格前介词behind和限定词this可知，应填入单数名词decision，作宾语，意为“决定”。故填decision。
39. that/which 考查定语从句。句意：2012年，澳大利亚通过了一项类似的法律，导致14岁人群的吸烟率从15.1%降至12.8%。分析句子可知，空格处为限制性定语从句，修饰先行词A similar law，关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作主语，应使用关系代词that或which引导该定语从句。故填that/which。
40. in 考查介词。句意同上。result in为固定搭配，表示“导致”，符合语境。故填in。
41. are 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：在英国，吸烟的可能性随着年龄的增长而增加，到15岁时，8%的学龄儿童是经常吸烟者。分析句子可知，提示词be是结果状语从句中连系动词，陈述客观事实，所以应使用一般现在时态，又因“百分数＋可数名词复数”作主语时，谓语动词用复数，句子主语是“8% of school children”，所以谓语动词也应使用复数形式。故填are。
42. sold 考查非谓语动词。句意：人们认为，孩子们不会那么喜欢装在未印上商标的盒子里售卖的香烟。分析句子可知，提示词sell作后置定语修饰名词cigarettes，是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语cigarettes之间有被动关系，所以应用过去分词，表示被动。故填sold。
43. the 考查冠词。句意：在英国，吸烟是导致可预防类死亡的最大原因之一。“one of the＋形容词最高级＋复数名词”是固定短语，表示“最……之一”。故填the。
44. are sent 考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：每年大约有8万人死于吸烟，超过45万人因吸烟而被送往医院。分析句子可知，send是句中谓语动词，与主语people之间是被动关系，陈述客观事实，应使用一般现在时态，且people作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。故填are sent。
45. taking 考查非谓语动词。句意：这给卫生服务带来了很大的压力，也是政府想要阻止人们吸烟或帮助他们戒烟的一个因素。prevent...(from) doing...为固定搭配，表示“阻止……做……”。故填taking。
第三部分 应用文写作
Dear__Tom，
Learning that you are having an argument with your best friend because of different opinions, and you are upset about it, I'm writing to give you some suggestions on how to settle the conflicts with our friends.
First of all, if I were you, I would calm down to get the disagreements settled. Besides, communicating with him face to face is a great way to clear up the misunderstanding between you. Finally, it is of great importance for you to put yourself in his shoes, which can help you have a better understanding of him.
I'm sure if you take my advice, you will win real friendship. Best wishes!
Yours，
Li__Hua
【分析】 本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求假如你是李华，你的朋友Tom跟他最好的朋友因观念不同吵架了，所以他现在非常沮丧。请给他写一封建议信。
【解析】
1. 词汇积累
争论：argument→dispute
建议：suggestion→advice
解决：settle→work out
平静下来：calm down→cool down
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Besides, communicating with him face to face is a great way to clear up the misunderstanding between you.
拓展句：Besides, it is communicating with him face to face that is a great way to clear up the misunderstanding between you.
【点睛】
[高分句型1] Finally, it is of great importance for you to put yourself in his shoes, which can help you have a better understanding of him.(运用了which引导非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] I'm sure if you take my advice, you will win real friendship.(运用了if引导条件状语从句)
Unit 3单元质量检测卷
第一部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Camberwell College Swimming Pools
Camberwell College of Arts has one 50m (Olympic sized) pool with a depth of 2m throughout, and one 25m pool with a 1m shallow end and a 4m deep end. Both pools may be used by the general public at certain times.
50m Pool
The pool is often used for classes, but the general public may use two lanes(泳道) for lane swimming at the following times.
Monday: 06：30～11：30 and 19：00～21：00
Tuesday: 06：30～11：30 and 18：00～21：00
Wednesday: 06：30～13：30 and 17：30～21：30
Thursday: 06：30～13：30
Friday: 06：30～13：30
Weekends: 09：00～17：00
Children under the age of 14 must be accompanied by an adult.
Please note that during College holidays, these times will be different. Call 04837 393560 for up to date information.
25m Pool
The 25m pool is available for recreational (non lane) swimming from 07：00～09：00 and 12：30～13：30 on weekdays, and 10：00～16：00 on Saturdays.
Children aged 12 and under must be accompanied.
We regret that the 25m pool will be closed for redecoration between 21st July and 18th August. The men's changing rooms will be closed for the week beginning 19th August, and the women's changing rooms will be closed the following week. Alternative changing rooms will be made available. We're sorry for this.
1. When can the general public use the 50m pool on Sundays
A. 06：30. B. 13：30.
C. 18：00. D. 21：00.
2. What do we know about the 50m pool
A. It's 4 meters deep.
B. It's usually used for teaching.
C. It's unsuitable for children under 14.
D. It's unavailable during College holidays.
3. The 25m pool will be closed ________．
A. for a week B. on 26th August
C. on 19th August D. for about a month
B
About 8：15 one morning, I left for the airport to meet friends from Holland, only to discover that the plane was to be an hour late. The airport is close by, so I went home to wait.
Arriving at the house, I found my dog, Clyde, in a very excited state, pushing his nose into a flowerbed near our front door then jumping back, barking(吠) all the time. I thought that perhaps he had seen a mouse among the leaves. Then suddenly he ran to the other end of flowerbed right by the front door, and began the same again—this time at a rosemary bush.
I decided to check with a stick. Do you know what I found A snake! I was in shock! Quickly, the cobra was slithering(蜿蜒着滑行) up the steps to our front door! Two quick blows from me with the stick and it was dead. Clyde was still unsure of it and kept barking.
I just had time to put the snake in a plastic bag and leave it for the rubbish truck before returning to the airport to greet my friends. If the plane had been on time, things might have been very different here today! Friends have told me that the cobra aims to spit in a person's eyes in order to blind them. Clyde's barking warned me that something was wrong and danger was near. If Clyde had not been “on guard”， the cobra could easily have got into our house. There he might have lain hidden, ready to “surprise attack” me when I wasn't expecting it. This reminds me of the fact that anything can happen at any time so we should be always “on guard”. We cannot take life for granted, and should appreciate every day that we have.
4. Why was Clyde so excited when the author returned
A. Because a snake bit him.
B. Because he saw a mouse.
C. Because his owner came back.
D. Because he sensed danger was near.
5. Where did the author first see the snake
A. At the rosemary bush.
B. At the steps to the front door.
C. At the far end of the flowerbed.
D. At the near end of the flowerbed.
6. Which of the following best describes Clyde
A. Playful. B. Curious.
C. Watchful. D. Courageous.
7. What would be the best title for the passage
A. A Life Lesson
B. A Miracle of Life
C. An Unforgettable Experience
D. An Unexpected Guest
C
When someone is going through a challenging time, for instance, it can be easy to assume(假设) that he needs advice. It is then going to be as though he doesn't know what to do, meaning that he will need to be saved. We can then end up feeling a lot of pressure(压力)—pressure that will arise through having the need to say the right things to this person. As a result of this, it is going to be about listening to what he is going through and simply being there for him; it will be about doing things for him.
Then again, this might not be something that causes us to experience any more pressure than we usually do, due to the fact that this is what we are used to doing. This is not going to be much of a surprise, considering we are likely to live in a world that is focused on doing rather than being.
When someone is going through a challenging time, what he might really need is for another person to just be there for him, meaning that having another person's presence there will be more than enough. He will be able to express what is going on and this can allow him to let go of a lot of weight off his shoulders and to become clear about what he needs to do. We are then just being and don't do anything, yet we would have had a big effect on him.
This could be seen as a method that women would take as one wouldn't have done anything, while the need to do something is a more masculine method. If the other person wants our advice, we can provide it, but this is not something that we have to offer. Sitting back and not doing anything is going to be a challenge for us if we believe that our value is based on what we do. But doing something will stop us from being able to realize that our value is inherent(固有的) and that we don't need to do anything.
No tools, techniques, special words or phrases are needed; the only thing that is needed is complete presence.
8. For one who wants to help others experiencing a hard time, ________．
A. he may prefer to take action rather than just say something
B. he may feel much honored if they ask him for advice
C. the most effective way is to find out the reason
D. what he should do depends on what they ask for
9. When someone is in a hard situation, he ________．
A. actually needs anyone's help
B. may just want a person to talk
C. may expect others to offer useful advice
D. is unable to analyze the situation by himself
10. What does the underlined word “masculine” in the fourth paragraph mean
A. Done by men.
B. Taken by women.
C. Accepted by most.
D. Used during communication.
11. If a person does nothing but listening while realizing others need help, ________．
A. he will be considered unwilling to help
B. it means he wants to share the pressure
C. he is actually realizing his value in a way
D. he is adding extra pressure to them
D
When you walk into your place of work in the morning, are you walking in as yourself or as a stranger While the workplace is a place to wear your professional face, it's also a place where you should feel comfortable and connected to your coworkers. There's a good reason for this: A new study finds that hiding your true self at work is not good for your career and your sense of belonging in the workplace.
“When someone hides their true identity(个性), their social connections suffer, which has an impact not just on the individual, but also on the organization they work for，” says co author Professor Manuela Barreto. “Our findings suggest openness about one's identity is often beneficial for individuals, the group and their workplace.”
When employers fail to create this sense of belonging among their employees, it's difficult for the individuals to find their purposes in work. This then impacts their ability to be productive. More specifically, the researchers found that hiding these characteristics from coworkers reduces their self respect, job fulfillment and job commitment.
For the study, researchers at University of Exeter focused on commonly stigmatized(感到羞耻的) characteristics, like having a history of poverty or mental or physical illnesses. They sought to see how hiding such conditions could affect one's ability to grow.
The findings were based on multiple studies they analyzed from the Netherlands and the USA. In one of the experiments, they had 95 men and women describe a time when they either hid or revealed(展现) a stigmatized characteristic about themselves. In another one, the researchers offered imaginary scenarios(情景) to 303 participants that again either hid or revealed themselves.
In both experiments, participants were then asked how they'd feel after hiding or sharing the stigmatized characteristic. The answers of those who hid themselves resulted in the conclusion stated above: lower sense of belonging and job fulfillment and commitment.
So we need environments where people don't need to hide. Encouraging complete openness can turn the office into a more comfortable place that allows employees to enjoy working.
12. Why is Professor Manuela Barreto mentioned
A. To clarify the process of the study.
B. To explain the findings of the study.
C. To state the purposes of the study.
D. To show the influence of the study.
13. What do the researchers find about employees who hide their characteristics
A. They always look down upon others.
B. They are often content with their work.
C. They are likely to get tired of their work.
D. They can ruin their coworkers' confidence.
14. What were participants in both experiments required to do
A. To tell their stigmatized memories.
B. To participate in real scenarios.
C. To describe others' characteristics.
D. To report their true feelings.
15. What is the main idea of the text
A. Openness is beneficial to your job promotion.
B. Stigmatized characteristics need hiding properly.
C. Hiding who you are is harmful in the workplace.
D. The sense of belonging benefits employees a lot.
第二节(共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Travelling with friends can be an amazing experience where you could make lifelong memories or it could ruin your friendship. __16__ Here are some rules you should follow to make sure your next trip with friends goes as smoothly as possible.
__17__ Sure, you and your friends probably have some similar interests, but that's not always the case. In an effort to keep everyone happy, go over travel plans and expectations ahead of time. Have each person categorize(分类) activities or sights into “must see” “want to see” and “would go if we have time”. Plan accordingly and make sure everyone can see some of their top attractions.
Communicate and respect each other. Everyone has personal preferences when travelling—from getting the bed closest to the bathroom or sitting in the airplane's window seat. But sometimes things don't go as you like. In this case, share your requirements directly with your travel companions. __18__ Have a conversation when problems arise, for communication is the key.
Don't disappear. When travelling with a group—or even just one other person—you may want some alone time. That's completely fine, but make sure your friends know where you are and have a way of contacting you. __19__
Get off your phone. Of course, your friends will understand if you need to take a call from a family member, or in the event of a work emergency, but other than that, try to stay off your phone. __20__ After all, the appeal of this type of trip is to spend time with friends. Just enjoy it!
A. Give each other some space.
B. Include at least one activity for everyone.
C. So it's important to make sure you and your friend(s) are on the same page.
D. At the same time, listen to their concerns and be respectful of them.
E. Don't respond to less important work contact or send messages frequently.
F. It's especially true of travelling in foreign countries or unfamiliar places.
G. And remember that consideration and respect go a long way.
16. ________ 17. ________ 18. ________19. ________ 20. ________
第二部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分)
请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选择中，选出最佳选项。
As a young boy, Britain's great former Prime Minister(首相), Sir Winston Churchill attended a public school called Harrow. He was not a good student and nearly __21__ from the school for breaking the rules. __22__， he did finish his schoolwork and his mistakes there did not prevent him from going on to a university. He even really had an army experience, for which he was later elected __23__. He achieved it for his wisdom and courage. Because he once refused to __24__ during the painful days of World War Ⅱ. His amazing determination helped inspire his entire nation and was an __25__ worldwide.
Towards the end of his period as Prime Minister, he was __26__ to make a speech to the students at his old school. When the great day arrived, Sir Winston Churchill gave his short, clear cut speech：
“Young man, never give up. Never give up! Never give up! Never, never, never, never！”
Another __27__ example is Sandra Day O'Connor who fought to achieve her best education. Graduating at the top of her class, she worked her __28__ into Stanford Law School, where she graduated with __29__. Though working hard, she was __30__ a woman in the 1950s. She was refused by many law firms __31__ they preferred to hire a less qualified(有资格的) man __32__ a great woman lawyer. Yet she refused to give up on her dreams. With great efforts her dream finally came true.
Just like Churchill and Sandra, they stand for those who never give up. __33__， many people in our daily life simply say they want something but without making efforts. Instead, they let the fear of failure stop them from trying. As a wise saying goes: “It's not how many times you fall down that __34__. It's how many times you get back up that makes success！” With hard work, __35__ and preparation, you can overcome any difficulty and achieve success.
21. A. removed B. replaced
C. returned D. refused
22. A. Thankfully B. Briefly
C. Personally D. Carefully
23. A. doctor B. minister
C. worker D. teacher
24. A. give out B. give off
C. give in D. give away
25. A. interview B. information
C. introduction D. inspiration
26. A. required B. succeeded
C. invited D. ordered
27. A. familiar B. similar
C. practical D. different
28. A. route B. power
C. way D. path
29. A. heights B. harvests
C. humour D. honours
30. A. still B. never
C. once D. hardly
31. A. when B. as
C. although D. if
32. A. other than B. more than
C. rather than D. less than
33. A. Therefore B. However
C. Besides D. Again
34. A. deserves B. influences
C. amazes D. matters
35. A. imagination B. creativity
C. interest D. determination
第二节(共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在标有序号的空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中单词的正确形式。
Do you know the UK government has (36)________ (successful) passed a law banning branding on packs of cigarettes That means tobacco makers will be forced to pack (37)________ (they) cigarettes in plain packets.
The motivation behind this (38)________ (decide) is to make smoking less appealing to people, especially children.
A similar law (39)________ was passed in Australia in 2012 has resulted (40)________ a fall in smoking rates from 15.1% to 12.8% for people aged 14.
As of January 2015, 22% of adult men and 17% of adult women smoke in Great Britain. The possibility of smoking in the UK increases with age so that by 15 years of age 8% of school children (41)________ (be) regular smokers. Children, it is thought, will be less attracted to cigarettes (42)________ (sell) in unbranded boxes.
Smoking is one of (43)________ biggest causes of preventable deaths in England. Every year about 80，000 die and over 450，000 people (44)________ (send) to hospital due to smoking. This places a large stress on the health service and is also a factor in why the government would like to prevent people (45)________ (take) up smoking or help them quit.
第三部分 应用文写作(满分15分)
假如你是李华，你的朋友Tom跟他最好的朋友因观念不同吵架了，所以他现在非常沮丧。请给他写一封建议信。内容如下：
1. 表明写信目的；
2. 修复友谊的方法。
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 开头语和结束语已为你写好。
Dear Tom，
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Yours，
Li Hua
答案
第一部分 阅读理解
第一节
A
【文章大意】 本文是一篇应用文，介绍了Camberwell College两个游泳池的详细情况，对公众的开放时间以及注意事项。
1. B 细节理解题。根据50m Pool中“Weekends: 09：00～17：00”可知50米的游泳池在周末对公众开放的时间是09：00～17：00，四个选项中只有13：30在此时间段内。故选B。
2. B 细节理解题。根据50m Pool中“The pool is often used for classes”可知，该泳池经常用于教学。故选B。
3. D 细节理解题。根据最后一段“the 25m pool will be closed for redecoration between 21st July and 18th August.”可知，25米的泳池将在7月21日到8月18日之间重新装修，关闭大约1个月时间。故选D。
B
【文章大意】 这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者的狗感受到危险，向作者示警，作者得以解除危险，由此作者得到教训，任何事情都可能在任何时候发生，我们应该时刻保持警惕。
4. D 推理判断题。根据第二段“Arriving at the house, I found my dog, Clyde, in a very excited state, pushing his nose into a flowerbed near our front door then jumping back, barking all the time.(到了家里，我发现我的狗克莱德非常兴奋，他把鼻子伸进我们前门附近的花坛里，然后又跳回来，一直在叫。)”以及第三段“Do you know what I found A snake！(你知道我发现了什么吗？一条蛇！)”可知，克莱德非常兴奋是因为它感觉到那里有一条蛇，感受到危险就在附近。故选D。
5. A 细节理解题。根据第二段“Then suddenly he ran to the other end of flowerbed right by the front door, and began the same again—this time at a rosemary bush.(然后，他突然跑到前门旁边花坛的另一端，这次又在一丛迷迭香丛中开始了同样的动作。)”以及第三段“I decided to check with a stick. Do you know what I found A snake！(我决定用棍子检查一下。你知道我发现了什么吗？一条蛇！)”可知，作者首次看到蛇时，蛇在迷迭香丛中。故选A。
6. C 推理判断题。根据第四段“Clyde's barking warned me that something was wrong and danger was near.(克莱德的吠声提醒我，有什么不对劲，危险就在眼前。)”以及文章内容可知，克莱德感受到危险，提醒自己的主人，所以克莱德是很警惕的。故选C。
7. A 主旨大意题。通读全文并结合最后一段“This reminds me of the fact that anything can happen at any time so we should be always ‘on guard’. We cannot take life for granted, and should appreciate every day that we have.(这让我想起了一个事实，任何事情都可能在任何时候发生，所以我们应该时刻保持警惕。我们不能把生活视为理所当然，应该珍惜我们拥有的每一天。)”可知，作者从克莱德感受到危险为自己示警，自己得以解除危险的事实中得到了教训，所以“人生的教训”可以作为文章标题。故选A。
C
【文章大意】 这是一篇说明文。短文说明了当人正在经历一段具有挑战性的时期时，需要别人的陪伴，而陪伴的这个人除了倾听什么都不做，那么他实际上在某种程度上实现了自己帮助别人的价值。
8. A 细节理解题。根据第一段“As a result of this, it is going to be about listening to what he is going through and simply being there for him; it will be about doing things for him.(因此，这是关于倾听他正在经历的事情，陪伴在他身边，为他做一些事情。)”可知，对于一个想要帮助别人度过困难时期的人来说，他可能更愿意采取行动，而不是仅仅说些什么。故选A。
9. B 细节理解题。根据第三段“When someone is going through a challenging time, what he might really need is for another person to just be there for him, meaning that having another person's presence there will be more than enough.(当一个人正在经历一段充满挑战的时期，他真正需要的可能是另一个人陪在他身边，也就是说，有另一个人在身边就足够了。)”可知，当一个人处于困境时，他可能只是想让一个人和他说说话。故选B。
10. A 词义猜测题。根据第四段“This could be seen as a method that women would take as one wouldn't have done anything(这可以看作是一种女性不会采取任何行动的方法)”可知，然而，需要做些什么是一种由男性来做的一种方法。由此判断出，划线词的意思是“由男性来做”。故选A。
11. C 推理判断题。根据第四段“Sitting back and not doing anything is going to be a challenge for us if we believe that our value is based on what we do. But doing something will stop us from being able to realize that our value is inherent(固有的) and that we don't need to do anything.(如果我们相信我们的价值观是建立在我们所做的事情的基础上的，那么坐着不做任何事情对我们来说将是一个挑战。但是做一些事情会阻止我们意识到我们的价值是与生俱来的，我们不需要做任何事情。)”可推知，如果一个人在意识到别人需要帮助的时候，除了倾听别人什么都不做，那么他实际上在某种程度上意识到了自己的价值。故选C。
D
【文章大意】 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍在工作场所隐藏真实的自我是有害的，作者通过这篇文章鼓励员工展现真实的自己。
12. B 推理判断题。根据第二段“‘When someone hides their true identity, their social connections suffer, which has an impact not just on the individual, but also on the organization they work for，’ says co author Professor Manuela Barreto.(联合作者Manuela Barreto教授说：‘当某人隐藏自己的真实身份时，他们的社交关系就会受到损害，这不仅会影响个人，还会影响他们工作的组织。’)”可知，作者提到Manuela Barreto教授，目的是为了进一步解释研究结果。故选B。
13. C 细节理解题。根据第三段“More specifically, the researchers found that hiding these characteristics from coworkers reduces their self respect, job fulfillment and job commitment.(更具体地说，研究人员发现，在同事面前隐藏这些特征会降低他们的自尊、工作成就感和工作承诺。)”可知，研究人员发现，那些隐藏自己特征的员工很可能对工作感到厌倦。故选C。
14. D 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“In both experiments, participants were then asked how they'd feel after hiding or sharing the stigmatized characteristic.(在两个实验中，参与者都被问及在隐藏或分享了被羞辱的特征后的感受。)”可知，两个实验的参与者都要求报告他们的真实感受。故选D。
15. C 主旨大意题。阅读文章内容，根据第一段“A new study finds that hiding your true self at work is not good for your career and your sense of belonging in the workplace.(一项新的研究发现，在工作中隐藏真实的自我对你的职业生涯和职场归属感都没有好处。)”可知，本文主要讲述了在工作场所隐藏真实的自我是有害的。故选C。
第二节
【文章大意】 本文是说明文。文章介绍了和朋友快乐出游避免毁掉友谊的几条建议。
16. C 根据上文“Travelling with friends can be an amazing experience where you could make lifelong memories or it could ruin your friendship.(和朋友一起旅行会是一次美妙的经历，你可能会留下一生的回忆，也可能会毁掉你们的友谊。)”和朋友一起旅行可能很美好，但也可能对毁掉友谊，故本句与上文构成因果关系，指出和朋友保持意见一致的重要性。故C选项“因此，确保你和你的朋友意见一致是很重要的。”符合语境。故选C。
17. B 根据下文“Have each person categorize(分类) activities or sights into ‘must see’ ‘want to see’ and ‘would go if we have time’. Plan accordingly and make sure everyone can see some of their top attractions.(让每个人将活动或景点划分为‘必看’、‘想看’和‘如果有时间会去’。制定相应的计划，确保每个人都能看到他们的一些顶级景点。)”可知，本段主要阐述，和朋友一起出去旅游，应该做好计划，使每个人都有机会看到自己想看的景点或者做到自己想做的活动。故B选项“至少为每个人准备一项活动。”符合语境。故选B。
18. D 根据本段第一句“Communicate and respect each other.(相互沟通，互相尊重。)”以及上一句“In this case, share your requirements directly with your travel companions.(在这种情况下，直接与你的旅伴分享你的要求。)”可知，和朋友一起出去旅游的过程中，要相互沟通，互相尊重，把你的需要告诉同伴，可推知，下文可能谈到要了解同伴的感受，故D选项“同时，倾听他们的担忧，尊重他们。”符合语境。故选D。
19. F 根据本段第一句“Don't disappear.(不要玩消失。)”以及该空上一句“That's completely fine, but make sure your friends know where you are and have a way of contacting you.(这完全没问题，但要确保你的朋友知道你在哪里，并有办法联系你。)”可知，该段谈到了与朋友外出旅行时，一定要与朋友保持联系，避免发生危险。故F选项“在国外或不熟悉的地方旅行时尤其如此。”符合语境。故选F。
20. E 根据本段第一句“Get off your phone.(放下你的手机。)”以及该空上一句“Of course, your friends will understand if you need to take a call from a family member, or in the event of a work emergency, but other than that, try to stay off your phone.(当然，如果你需要接家人的电话，或者工作上的紧急情况，你的朋友会理解的，但除此之外，尽量远离手机。)”可知，作者认为，与朋友一起出去旅游，要全身心的投入，紧急情况除外，尽力远离手机。故E选项“不要回复不太重要的工作联系或频繁发送信息。”符合语境。故选E。
第二部分 语言知识运用
第一节
【文章大意】 本文为夹叙夹议文。主要通过丘吉尔和桑德拉的例子向我们证明了成功需要有决心，并且为之付出努力。
21. A 考查动词。句意：他不是一名好学生，差点因为违反学校纪律被学校开除。remove移开；replace替代；return返回；refuse拒绝。根据句子中“breaking the rules”可知，违反纪律要被开除。故选A。
22. A 考查副词。句意：谢天谢地，他完成了学业，他在学校犯的错误并没有阻止他上大学。thankfully幸亏；briefly简洁地；personally就本人而言；carefully小心地。根据后文“he did finish his schoolwork and his mistakes there did not prevent him from going on to a university”可知，他最终还是上了大学，这是一件幸运的事情，用thankfully符合语境。故选A。
23. B 考查名词。句意：他甚至真的有过参军的经历，为此他后来被选为首相。doctor医生；minister部长；worker工人；teacher教师。根据句意和丘吉尔的背景可知他被选为了英国首相。故选B。
24. C 考查动词短语。句意：因为在第二次世界大战痛苦的日子里，他曾经拒绝屈服。give out分发，用光；give off 发出；give in 屈服；give away赠送。根据“His amazing determination”可知，他拒绝投降，勇气可嘉。故选C。
25. D 考查名词。句意：他的决心帮助鼓舞了整个民族，还鼓舞了世界。interview采访；information信息；introduction介绍；inspiration鼓舞。根据前句“His amazing determination helped inspire his entire nation”可知，此处应填鼓舞。故选D。
26. C 考查动词。句意：在他的首相任期即将结束时，他应约向他母校的学生发表演讲。require要求；succeed成功；invite邀请；order订购。根据“make a speech to the students at his old school.”可知他是被邀请做演讲。故选C。
27. B 考查形容词。句意：另一个相似的例子是Sandra Day O'Connor。familiar熟悉的；similar相像的；practical切实可行的；different不同的。根据后文“Just like Churchill and Sandra, they stand for those who never give up.”可知，她和丘吉尔有相似的品质。故选B。
28. C 考查名词。句意：以班里第一的成绩毕业，她努力地考入了斯坦福大学法学院，并以优异的成绩毕业。route路线；power能量；way方式；path小路。根据固定短语work one's way to表示努力进入。故选C。
29. D 考查名词。句意同上。height高度；harvest收成；humor幽默；honour尊敬。根据后文“a great woman lawyer”可知她取得了荣誉。故选D。
30. A 考查副词。句意：尽管她很努力，但在20世纪50年代她仍然是个女性。still仍然；never从不；once曾经；hardly几乎不。根据后文“She was refused by many law firms __31__ they preferred to hire a less qualified(有资格的) man __32__ a great woman lawyer.”可知，那时很多工作都拒绝女性，故此处是指虽然她很努力，但仍然因为是女性而被拒绝。故选A。
31. B 考查连词。句意：许多律师事务所都拒绝了她的申请，因为他们宁愿聘用资历较低的男性律师，也不愿聘用优秀的女律师。when当……时候；as因为；although尽管；if如果。根据语境可知，前后文为因果关系。故选B。
32. C 考查固定短语。句意同上。other than除了；more than不仅仅； rather than 而不是；less than少于。根据语境可知她被拒绝了，他们选择男士而不是女士。故选C。
33. B 考查副词。句意：然而，在我们的日常生活中，许多人只是简单地说他们想要什么，但没有努力。therefore因此；however然而；besides此外；again再一次。根据句意可知，此处表转折。故选B。
34. D 考查动词。句意：不是你跌倒了多少次重要。deserve值得；influence影响；amaze使惊奇；matter要紧。根据后文“It's how many times you get back up that makes success！”可知，是你跌倒多少次让你成功的，这才重要。故选D。
35. D 考查名词。句意：只要努力工作，有决心和准备，你可以克服任何困难，获得成功。imagination想象力；creativity创造力；interest兴趣；determination决心。根据上文例子可知成功需要努力和决心，且上文的“His amazing determination helped inspire his entire nation and was an __25__ worldwide.”也是提示。故选D。
第二节
【文章大意】 本文是说明文。英国政府通过了一项禁止在香烟包装上印上商标的法律，文章介绍了制定这一法律的动机和背景。
36. successfully 考查副词。句意：你知道英国政府已经成功通过了一项禁止在香烟包装上印上商标的法律吗？ 根据句意可知，空处在句中修饰动词passed，应用副词形式successfully，作状语，表示“成功地”。故填successfully。
37. their 考查代词。句意：这意味着烟草制造商将被迫用普通包装包装他们的香烟。根据句意可知，空处在句中修饰名词cigarettes，应用形容词性物主代词their，作定语，表示“他们的”。故填their。
38. decision 考查名词。句意：这一决定背后的动机是降低吸烟对人们，特别是儿童的吸引力。结合空格前介词behind和限定词this可知，应填入单数名词decision，作宾语，意为“决定”。故填decision。
39. that/which 考查定语从句。句意：2012年，澳大利亚通过了一项类似的法律，导致14岁人群的吸烟率从15.1%降至12.8%。分析句子可知，空格处为限制性定语从句，修饰先行词A similar law，关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作主语，应使用关系代词that或which引导该定语从句。故填that/which。
40. in 考查介词。句意同上。result in为固定搭配，表示“导致”，符合语境。故填in。
41. are 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：在英国，吸烟的可能性随着年龄的增长而增加，到15岁时，8%的学龄儿童是经常吸烟者。分析句子可知，提示词be是结果状语从句中连系动词，陈述客观事实，所以应使用一般现在时态，又因“百分数＋可数名词复数”作主语时，谓语动词用复数，句子主语是“8% of school children”，所以谓语动词也应使用复数形式。故填are。
42. sold 考查非谓语动词。句意：人们认为，孩子们不会那么喜欢装在未印上商标的盒子里售卖的香烟。分析句子可知，提示词sell作后置定语修饰名词cigarettes，是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语cigarettes之间有被动关系，所以应用过去分词，表示被动。故填sold。
43. the 考查冠词。句意：在英国，吸烟是导致可预防类死亡的最大原因之一。“one of the＋形容词最高级＋复数名词”是固定短语，表示“最……之一”。故填the。
44. are sent 考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：每年大约有8万人死于吸烟，超过45万人因吸烟而被送往医院。分析句子可知，send是句中谓语动词，与主语people之间是被动关系，陈述客观事实，应使用一般现在时态，且people作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。故填are sent。
45. taking 考查非谓语动词。句意：这给卫生服务带来了很大的压力，也是政府想要阻止人们吸烟或帮助他们戒烟的一个因素。prevent...(from) doing...为固定搭配，表示“阻止……做……”。故填taking。
第三部分 应用文写作
Dear__Tom，
Learning that you are having an argument with your best friend because of different opinions, and you are upset about it, I'm writing to give you some suggestions on how to settle the conflicts with our friends.
First of all, if I were you, I would calm down to get the disagreements settled. Besides, communicating with him face to face is a great way to clear up the misunderstanding between you. Finally, it is of great importance for you to put yourself in his shoes, which can help you have a better understanding of him.
I'm sure if you take my advice, you will win real friendship. Best wishes!
Yours，
Li__Hua
【分析】 本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求假如你是李华，你的朋友Tom跟他最好的朋友因观念不同吵架了，所以他现在非常沮丧。请给他写一封建议信。
【解析】
1. 词汇积累
争论：argument→dispute
建议：suggestion→advice
解决：settle→work out
平静下来：calm down→cool down
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Besides, communicating with him face to face is a great way to clear up the misunderstanding between you.
拓展句：Besides, it is communicating with him face to face that is a great way to clear up the misunderstanding between you.
【点睛】
[高分句型1] Finally, it is of great importance for you to put yourself in his shoes, which can help you have a better understanding of him.(运用了which引导非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] I'm sure if you take my advice, you will win real friendship.(运用了if引导条件状语从句)