2023届高三英语二轮复习：虚拟语气讲解课件 (42张ppt)

(共42张PPT)
If I had to live my life without you near me
The days would all be empty
The nights would seem so long
With you I see forever oh so clearly
I might have been in love before
But it never felt this strong
……
Let’s listen to the song “Nothing’s gonna change my love for you” and complete the missing words.
Subjunctive Mood
虚拟语气
用来表示说的话不是事实，或者是不太可能发生的情况，或是一种愿望，建议，假设的语气叫虚拟语气。
假设条件状语从句
愿望宾语从句
似乎好像状语/表语从句
动词形式
虚拟语气
建议
命令
要求
宾语从句、主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句
did /had done
情态动词 (would have done...)
(should) do
其他
Discovery 1
1. If you came tomorrow, we would have the meeting.
2. If I had enough money now, I would lend it to you.
3. If you had taken my advice, you would not have failed the exam.
4. If I were you, I should seize the chance to go abroad.
5. If you had come a few minutes earlier, you would have met him.
if条件句中的虚拟语气
时间
If 从句的谓语形式
主句的谓语形式
现在
过去
将来
did / were
had done
would/could/should/might +V.(原)
would/could/should/might+have+p.p.
1. did / were
2. should do
3. were to do
would/could/should/might + V.(原)
2;4
3;5
1
If Tom ______(know) Susan’s telephone number, he _________(will) call her.
Tom wants to call Susan but he can’t . He doesn’t know her telephone number.
knew
would
Practice
Last month Susan was ill. Tom didn’t know this, so he didn’t go to see her.
If Tom ___________(know) that Susan was ill , he ___________________(go) to see her.
had known
would have gone
Tom wants to play football tomorrow but he is too busy these days.
If he ________ (be) not too busy , he
_________(will) play football tomorrow .
were
would
“ If God ____(give) me one more chance now, I _______(say) to the girl: “I love you.” If I ____ (have) to give a time limit to this love, I _______ (say)--10 thousand years.”
Stephen Chow
Practice makes perfect!
gave
would say
had
would say
Fill in the blanks
如果条件状语中有were, had, should时, 可以倒装成：Were / Should / Had +主+其他
Were I you, …
Had he been there yesterday, …
Should it snow tomorrow, …
If I were you, I would try it again.
If he had been there yesterday, he would have seen the film.
If it should snow tomorrow, we wouldn’t go out.
如果我是你，我会再试一次。
如果他昨天在那儿的话，他就会看那部电影了。
如果明天下雪，我们就不出去了。
If they had informed us, we would not come here now.
If he were free today, we would have sent him to Beijing.
从句的动作与过去事实相反，而主句的动作与现在或现在正在发生的事实不符。
从句的动作与现在事实相反，而主句的动作与过去事实不符。
Discovery 2
错综时间条件句：有时条件从句中的动作和主句中的动作发生的时间不一致，这时动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间加以调整。
1.With your help, I could have finished the work ahead of time.
2.Without air and water, there would be no living things on the earth.
3.But for the rain, we should have had a pleasant journey.
4.What would you do with a million dollars
5.He telephoned to inform me of your birthday, or I would have known nothing about it.
6.I was ill that day. Otherwise, I would have taken part in the sports meeting.
7.Five minutes earlier and you could have met her at the station.
8.You could have done better，but you didn’t try your best.
介词或介词短语（代替状语从句）：but for（要不是…），without（假若没有…），with（假若有…）
用or，otherwise(否则)，等类似转折词
根据上下文语境来表示某种假设情况
含蓄条件句：句中没有明显的虚拟条件句，利用某他手段或方式来暗示存在虚拟条件。
Discovery 3
1.The two strangers talked as if they had been good friends
for many years.
2.The teacher treats the pupil as if he were her own child.
3.He ran and shouted as if he had seen a ghost.
Discovery 4
5.He talks about Rome as if he had been there before．
4.He opened his mouth as if he would say something.．
发生的时间 虚拟语气结构
过去
现在
将来
方式状语从句中的虚拟语气
as if, as though引导的方式状语从句，表示“好像，似乎”可以虚拟语气。
4
had + 过去分词
一般过去时(be 用were )
would / could / might / should+原形动词
1,3.5
2
When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it
looks as if it __________.
A. breaks B. has broken
C. were broken D. had been broken
The actor is 58 years old. But he acts as if he _______ a young man.
A. is B. will be C. am D. were
The clouds are getting darker and darker. It looks as if it _______rain.
A. is going to B. will
C. was going to D. would
if only（要是...... 就好了）
If only she would try again.
If only I were better looking.
If only you had come to my birthday party.
过去
现在
将来
had + 过去分词
过去时(be 用were )
would / could +原形动词
I’d rather you had seen the film yesterday.
I’d rather you were here now.
We’d rather you went here tomorrow.
I wish I learnt English well.
I wish I had been there with them last week.
He wishes we could play games with him.
宾语从句中的虚拟语气
Discovery 6
1. wish之后的宾语从句
2. would rather, would sooner等之后的宾语从句
过去
现在
将来
had + 过去分词
过去时(be 用were )
would / could +原形动词
过去
现在
将来
had + 过去分词
过去时(be 用were )
过去时(be 用were )
请求、要求、命令或建议等意义的动词所接的宾语从句。
一个坚持，两个命令，三个建议，四个要求。1.insist 2. order, command 3. advise, suggest, propose 4. demand , require, request, desire
The teacher advised that we should make good use of every minute here.
My demand is that she _______________ (come) to see me once a week.
All of us are for the advice that the chemical works ______________ (be) closed down.
He suggested that we ____________ (go) to Beijing for sightseeing.
The proposal that we (go)out for a picnic was warmly welcomed.
(should ) go
(should) come
(should) be
(should ) go
表语从句
同位语从句
宾语从句
同位语从句
We suggest that you (should) be there on time.
= Our suggestion is that you (should) be there on time.
= It is our suggestion that you (should) be there on time.
= It is suggested that you (should) be there on time.
如suggest, insist用于其本意“暗示、表明”“坚持说”不用虚拟，用陈述语气。“坚持认为”时，宾语从句虚拟语气。
1.The guard at gate insisted that everybody __________(obey) the rules.
2.He insisted that she______(be)seriously ill and that _________ (send) to hospitals at once.
3.He suggested that we________(have) a meeting at once.
4.His pale face suggested that he______(be) ill.
obey
was
be sent
have
was
1. It is necessary that the badly wounded man（should） be treated immediately.
2. It’s strange that he (should) have acted toward his parents like that.
3. It’s surprising/amazing/pleasing/that she (should) win over her mother.
4. It’s a pity/a shame/no wonder that our team (should) lose the game.
5. It is important that every member (should) inform himself of these rules.
“It is important (strange，natural，necessary) that…” 这类句型里，that所引导的主语从句中的谓语动词常用 “should十动词原形”结构，表示某事是 “重要、奇怪、自然、必要” 等意义。
Tom, you are too lazy. The work should have been finished yesterday.
You ought not to have given him more help.
I needn’t have bought so much wine—only five people came.
She might have achieved greater progress, if you had given her more chances.
Without your help, I wouldn't have achieved so much.
情态动词+have done的虚拟语气?
would have done 表示对过去事情的假设，意思是“本来会做”。
should/ought to have done“本来应该做 但实际上未做”。shouldn’t/ought not to have done“本不应该做某事，但实际上却做了”。
needn’t have done“本来没有必要去做某事，但实际上却做了”。
may/might not have done 表示虚拟，意为“（过去）本来可能做某事，但实际上却没有做”。
It’s (about/high) time +that --
should +V.
过去时
你该走了。
我们该睡觉了。
It’s high time that you went.
It’s high time that you should go.
It’s (about) time that we went to bed.
It’s time that we should go to bed.
She stayed at home for a few days so that she might have more time to study it.
She listened carefully in order that she might discover exactly what he wanted.
He went to the station in a taxi so that he should not miss the train.
so that 与in order that
二者引导的目的状语从句谓语部分应该用may /might/can /could /etc.+动词原形
If 从句
had done
did / were
1. did / were
2. should do
3. were to do
过去
现在
将来
would/could/should/might+have+p.p.
would/could/
should/ might +V.(原)
would/could/
should/might + V.(原)
as if
as though
had done
did / were
would / could / might / should+原形动词
主句
if only
would /
could +
原形动词
had done
did / were
wish
did / were
would /
could +
原形动词
had done
would rather
did / were
had done
did / were
一个坚持，两个命令，三个建议，四个要求。1.insist 2. order, command
3. advise, suggest, propose 4. demand , require, request, desire
情态动词+have done
It’s (about/high) time +that sb did/should do
It is important (strange，natural，necessary) that…
(一) 用括号中所给动词的适当形式填空
1. If you ____________ (arrive) ten minutes earlier, you could have seen them off.
2. It's time that we ______________ (go) to the railway station.
3. If they (not help) us ,our experiment would have failed.
had arrived
went /should go　
had not helped
4. You're five minutes late. I suggested that you ______________ (come) earlier tomorrow.
5. Mather often tells us that it is necessary that we _____________ (drink) a glass of water after we get up.
6. She insisted that she _____________________ (send) to work in the faraway small town.
(should) come
(should) drink
(should) be sent　
7. I not (forget) his telephone number, I would have rung him.
8. He is busy now. If he (be) free, he ____________ (go) with you.
Had
forgotten
were
would go
would go
9. The manager was in his office then. If he ______________(be) here, everything ___________________________________
(settle) in a minute.
10. Noisy as it was, he went on reading as if nothing ____________________ (happen).
had been
would have been settled
were happening
11. — If the factory _______________（belong）to me，I _______________（not sell）it.
— But it isn’t yours.
12. — If you _____________ （ keep） the secret, nobody _________________（know）it.
— I’m sorry for making such a mistake.
belonged
wouldn’t sell
had kept
would have known
13. If the weather were to be fine tomorrow，I _____________（go） for an outing with my parents.
14. ________（be） I you，I would think about this problem once again.
15. _______（have） I had time last night，I _______________ （go） to see this wonderful film.
would go
Were
Had
would have gone
二、单选题
1. Everything ______ if Albert hadn’t called the fire brigade.
A. will be destroyed B. will have been destroyed
C. would be destroyed D. would have been destroyed
2. If you hadn’t gone with Tom to the party last night, ______.
A. you would meet John already
B. you won’t have missed John
C. you will have met John
D. you would have met John
D
D
3. Supposing this ship ______ , do you think there would be enough life jackets for all the passengers
A. was sinking B. has sunk
C. were to sink D. sunk
4. I didn't finish my task. How I wish I _________ your advice!
A. had followed B. follow
C. would follow D. followed
C
A
5. The teacher suggested that each student ______ a plan for the vacation.
A. made B. make
C. makes D. will make
6. Frankly, I’d rather you ______ anything about it for the time being.
A. do B. don’t do
C. didn’t do D. will not do
B
C
7. It’s high time you ______.
A. start to work B. would start to work
C. started to work D. had started to work
8. ______,we could not have finished the work on time.
A. If they do not help us
B. Was it not for their help
C. Should they offer to help us
D. But for their help
C
D
9. The doctor’s advice is that the patient ______ about his real physical condition.
A. be not told B. not be told
C. will not be told D. must not be told
10. It is required that the machine ______ as frequently as necessary.
A. be oiled B. must be oiled
C. is oiled D. will oil
B
A
三、完成句子
1. 如果你年轻十岁，你会怎么办？
What ___________ you ___________，if you ___________ ten years younger？
2. 如果你开车更小心一点，就不会出这样的事故。
If you ________________ your car more carefully, such a traffic accident __________________________.
would
do
were
had driven
couldn’t have happened
3. 如果明天下雾，我就不能开车去购物。
If it _______ foggy tomorrow，I ______________ my car to go shopping.
4. 如果明天天气转晴，我们就去野餐。
If it ___________ clear up tomorrow，we _____________ for a picnic.
were
couldn’t drive
were to
would go
5. 如果我捡到了那只钱包，一定交给失主了。
If I ___________________ up the wallet，I _________________________it to its owner.
6. 如果你那天没有抽烟，火灾就不会发生。
If you ____________________ that day，the fire ___________________________ out.
had picked
would have returned
hadn’t smoked
wouldn’t have broken
Jim had an operation on his leg yesterday. The doctor suggested he _____ (stay) in bed for at least three months. He said to his mother: “_________ I (be) more careful , I ________________ (not hurt ) myself and I _____________ (not stay) in bed now. ”
Lying in bed, Jim kept on saying “ How I wish I _________ (not be) so careless, Mum! I wish I __________ (go) to school paring with lying in bed, I would rather I ____________ (study) in the classroom. ”
“It is 10 o’clock, it is high time that you _______ (go) to bed. It is necessary that you ______________ (have) a good rest, so that you __________ (recover) soon.” Mom said.
stay
Had been
wouldn’t have hurt
wouldn’t stay
hadn’t been
could go
could study
went
should have
can recover
1.如果你当时听了医生的建议，你现在就可以参加足球赛。(if)
2.他从未去过英国，但他的英语说得很好，就像他以前在英国学习过一样。(as if)
3.我宁愿他明天亲自去一趟学校。(would rather)
4.你本不该告诉他这个坏消息的。否则他不会自杀的。(shouldn’t )
5.经过慎重考虑，导游坚持我们在这家酒店吃晚饭。这家酒店因服务周到而出名。(insist, know)
1.如果你当时听了医生的建议，你现在就可以参加足球赛。
If you had taken/followed the doctor’s advice, you could take part in the football match now.
2.他从未去过英国，但他的英语说得很好，就像他以前在英国学习过一样。
He has never been to England, but he speaks English well as if he had studied in England.
3.我宁愿他明天亲自去一趟学校。
I would rather he went/would go to school in person tomorrow.
4.你本不该告诉他这个坏消息的。否则他不会自杀的。
You shouldn’t have told him the bad news, otherwise, he wouldn’t have committed suicide.
5.经过慎重考虑，导游坚持我们在这家酒店吃晚饭。这家酒店因服务周到而出名。
After careful consideration, the tour guide insisted that we should have dinner in this hotel which was known for its good service.