2023届高考英语二轮复习代词 学案（含答案）
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| 名称 | 2023届高考英语二轮复习代词 学案（含答案） |  | |
| 格式 | docx | ||
| 文件大小 | 21.9KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2022-10-18 22:49:51 | ||
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代词
代词在近年高考试题中出现频率很高，每年至少测试一道题。高考考查重点主要分布在：
①人称代词的主格和宾格 ②形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词
③反身代词与习惯搭配 ④不定代词的用法
⑤it用法及相关句型
考点1 人称代词、物主代词和反身代词
人称代词、物主代词和反身代词一览表
人称
分类 单 数 复 数
一 二 三 一 二 三
人称代词主格 I you he, she，it we you they
人称代词宾格 me you him, her， it us you them
形容词性物主代词 my your his, her， its our your their
名词性物主代词 mine yours his, hers， its ours yours theirs
反身代词 myself yourself himself，herself，itself ourselves yourselves themselves
(1)人称代词作主语用主格，作宾语、表语用宾格。
(2)两个以上的人称代词并列，其次序排列原则：
在并列主语中，“I”总是放在最后，排列顺序为：二三一(人称)。宾格me也一样。
(3)物主代词分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词两种。名词性物主代词可作主语和宾语。
单句语法填空
①As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations (模拟) and imagine themselves (they) living at a different time in history or walking through a rainforest.(2020·新高考卷Ⅰ语法填空)
②Data about the moon’s composition, such as how much ice and other treasures it contains，could help China decide whether its (it) plans for a future lunar (月球的) base are practical.(2020·全国卷Ⅰ语法填空)
③I know I will whisper to myself (I) the two simple words “Be yourself”．(2019·北京卷语法填空)
④When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find them (they) alive.(2018·全国卷Ⅲ语法填空)
⑤“She thought I had hurt myself (I)，” says Pahlsson.(浙江卷语法填空)
考点2 it的用法
1.用于某些固定句型中
(1)It’s/was the first (second) time＋that从句 某人第几次做某事(从句谓语用现在完成时have/has done/had done)
(2)It is/has been ＋时间段＋since从句 自从……过了一段时间了(从句谓语用过去时)
(3)It will be ＋时间段＋before 从句 要过一段时间之后才……(从句用一般现在时表示将来)
(4)It was＋时间段＋before 从句 过一段时间后才……(从句谓语用过去时)
(5)It’s (about/high) time＋that从句 某人该做某事了(从句谓语用过去时，有时也用“should＋动词原形”)
It is the first time (that) these Europeans have visited the Great Wall.
这是这些欧洲人第一次参观长城。
It wasn’t long before he told us this affair.
没过多久他就告诉了我们这件事情。
2．it用作形式主语
(1)it作先行词代替不定式、v.－ing形式、主语从句， 作形式主语。
(2)用作形式主语的重要句型
①It＋be＋形容词/名词词组/过去分词＋主语从句
②It＋be＋形容词(＋for sb)＋ 动词不定式(常用形容词easy, difficult, hard, important, possible, wise等，修饰说明不定式)
③It＋be＋形容词＋of sb＋动词不定式 (这类形容词是表示心理品质、性格特征的形容词，如：kind, nice, stupid, clever, foolish, polite, impolite, silly, selfish等， 修饰说明某人)
It is hard for him to make up his mind.他很难下定决心。
It was foolish of her to say such a thing.她说这样的事，真是太蠢了。
3．it用作形式宾语
(1)主语＋think/believe/suppose/consider/feel/make/keep...＋ it＋adj./n.(for/of sb) to do/从句
(2)主语＋think/believe/suppose/consider/feel/make/keep...＋it＋ important/necessary/natural/essential＋ that...(should)．..
He didn’t make it clear when and where the meeting would be held.
他没有弄清楚何时何地举行会议。
【名师指津】 某些及物动词或短语后不能直接跟从句。此时须先用it 作形式宾语，然后接从句，有此用法的动词(短语)有：like, dislike, hate, appreciate, depend on, rely on, count on, see to等。
You may depend on it that we shall always help you.
尽管放心，我们会随时帮你的。
单句写作
①有必要把这一切都告诉他父亲吗？
Is__it__necessary__to__tell__his__father__everything __
②如果你教我如何使用电脑我将感激不尽。
I’d__appreciate__it__if__you__would__like__to__teach__me__how__to__use__the__computer.
考点3 it，that，one易混辨析
it 意为“它”， 替代上文提到的同一事物，不能带任何修饰语
that 意为“那个”，指代那类人或事物，既可以指代前面出现过的不可数名词，也可以指代单数可数名词。指代单数可数名词时相当于the one，其复数是those，相当于the ones
one 意为“一个”，指代前面出现过的那类事物中的“一个”， 其复数是ones
—There is still a copy of the book in the library.Will you go and borrow it
图书馆还有一本这样的书。你去把它借来好吗？
—No，I’d rather buy one in the bookstore.
不，我宁愿到书店里买一本。
The climate of Guangzhou is much better than that of Xi’an.
广州的气候比西安的好多了。
单句语法填空
①Many westerners who/that come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap it can be to eat out.(2018·浙江卷语法填空)
②However, the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months, more than 25，000 people were using it every day.(全国卷Ⅱ语法填空)
③In many ways，the education system in the US is not very different from that in the UK.(浙江卷单选改编)
考点4 no one, nobody, none, nothing的区别
1.no one，nobody表示“没有人，谁也不”，只指人，作主语时，后跟动词单数形式，常可用来回答who引导的问句。
—Who can answer the question
谁能回答这个问题？
—No one./Nobody.没人。
Charles was alone at home，with no one looking after him.
查尔斯独自一人在家，没有人照顾他。
2．none“没人，没有任何东西”，既可指人，也可指物。 none后可接of短语，常用来回答how many/much引导的问句。
—How many of you have seen the film
你们中有多少人看过这部电影？
—None(of us)．一个也没有。
3．nothing意为“没有东西”，一般回答what引导的问句。
—What’s in the cave？洞里有什么？
—Nothing.没什么。
考点5 both，all，either，any，neither，none的区别
both(两者)都 neither(两者)都不 either(两者中)任何一者
all(三者或三者以上)都 none(三者或三者以上)都不 any(三个或三个以上)任何一者
There are shops on either side of the street.
街道的每一边都有一些商店。
Because Henry and Mark had to work，neither of them came yesterday.
因为Henry和Mark要工作，所以昨天两人都没来。
考点6 one，another，the other，some，others，the others的区别
单数 one一个 another另外一个 the other两者中的另一个
复数 some一些 others另一些 the others
剩余的一些
Please give me another ten minutes.
请再给我十分钟。
One was happy but the other was disappointed.
一个感到开心，另一个却感到失望。
补全句子
①He wants me to lend him some money, but I__have__none at hand.
他想要我借些钱给他，但我现在手头上一个子儿也没有。
②There are two apples on the plate, but neither__of__them__is__fresh．
盘子里有两个苹果，但没有一个是新鲜的。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Painting is good to one’s__(one)health and lifts spirits.(2021·重庆市高三学业质量调研)
2．With its (it)fascinating and artistic accompaniment, Peking Opera is an all－round art.
3．When I learned more about the food, I began to understand why it has this special feature.
4．There is also a growing trend towards marrying later：since 2013, the number of couples aged 25 to 29 has been greater than that of younger couples.
5．On my recent visit, I held a lively three－month－old twin that had been rejected by its__(it) mother.(全国卷Ⅰ语法填空)
6．I do hope that by writing about their__(they) stories, I’m helping things change for the better.(2021·山东省新高考质量测评高三5月联考)
7．By that time, the panda no longer needed its (it) mother for food.(四川卷语法填空)
8．We can overcome the problems that challenge us or we can enjoy ourselves (we) by avoiding all difficulties.
9．Around 7：40 p．m., I was still there.I whispered to myself__(I)，“What shall I do？”(2021·皖南八校高三第三次联考)
10．A vision or hearing impairment (损伤) may affect the ability to notice certain things, thus making it harder to record information.(2021·江西省高三第一次联考)
Ⅱ.补全句子
1．Neither__of__the__two__girls is clever.
两个女孩都不聪明。
2．It__was__already__ten__o’clock when he arrived home.
他到家时已经十点了。
3．My questions are__similar__to__those/the__ones you have raised.
我的问题与你提出的问题相似。
4．In my opinion，it’s__useless/no__use__arguing__with__him．
依我看来，同他争论没用。
5．Helping others is a habit，one__you__can__learn__to__develop__even__at__an__early__age．
帮助他人是一种习惯，是一种甚至年幼时你就能学着养成的习惯。
Ⅲ.语法填空
An old man and his son were taking a donkey to the market.The man rode the donkey and the son walked behind 1.____________．A man saw them and asked the son why 2.____________ wasn’t riding the donkey.Then the father let 3.____________ ride it.4.____________ man saw them and told 5.____________ that they should 6.____________ ride the donkey.So 7.____________ both got on it.A woman who saw them said，“Tell 8.________，why are you both riding that poor animal？9.________ looks so weak and tired.10.____________ are so cruel！”Then，the father and the son got off the donkey and started carrying it across a bridge.When they were halfway across the bridge，the donkey struggled loose and fell into the river.
【语篇解读】 这是一则寓言故事，讲述的是没有主见的父子二人骑驴去赶集的故事。
1．it [指代前面的the donkey。]
2．he [指代前面的the son，在宾语从句中作主语，用主格。]
3．him [指his son，作let的宾语，用宾格。]
4．Another [泛指“另一个”人。]
5．them [指代the father和his son，作told的宾语。]
6．both [作主语they的同位语，指这对父子“两人都”应骑在驴背上。]
7．they [指代the father和his son，作主语。]
8．me [与后面的you(你)相对，应是me(我)。]
9．It [指前面的that poor animal。]
10．You [由前面的you both可知。]
Ⅳ.写作运用
根据汉语提示补全短文，并注意代词的使用
Dear Tony，
I’m glad you signed up for the Peking Opera club of our school.1.__I’m__sure__you__will__have__a__better__understanding__of__Chinese__history__and__culture(我相信你会更好地了解中国的历史和文化)by learning Peking Opera.
This weekend 2.we__will__have__the__first__club__activity__of__the__term(我们将有本学期的第一次俱乐部活动)．The activity will be held in the school auditorium at 7 o’clock on Saturday evening.We will invite one famous Peking Opera actress from our city’s Peking Opera Troupe 3.to__give__us__a__speech__about__Peking__Opera__masks__and__costumes(给我们做一个关于京剧面具和服装的演讲)．In addition to teaching techniques, she will also give us demonstrations and perform several parts for us.4.I’m__sure__her__speech__will__be__wonderful(我相信她的演讲会很精彩)．
I hope 5.you’ll__be__present__on__time(你能准时出席)．
代词在近年高考试题中出现频率很高，每年至少测试一道题。高考考查重点主要分布在：
①人称代词的主格和宾格 ②形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词
③反身代词与习惯搭配 ④不定代词的用法
⑤it用法及相关句型
考点1 人称代词、物主代词和反身代词
人称代词、物主代词和反身代词一览表
人称
分类 单 数 复 数
一 二 三 一 二 三
人称代词主格 I you he, she，it we you they
人称代词宾格 me you him, her， it us you them
形容词性物主代词 my your his, her， its our your their
名词性物主代词 mine yours his, hers， its ours yours theirs
反身代词 myself yourself himself，herself，itself ourselves yourselves themselves
(1)人称代词作主语用主格，作宾语、表语用宾格。
(2)两个以上的人称代词并列，其次序排列原则：
在并列主语中，“I”总是放在最后，排列顺序为：二三一(人称)。宾格me也一样。
(3)物主代词分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词两种。名词性物主代词可作主语和宾语。
单句语法填空
①As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations (模拟) and imagine themselves (they) living at a different time in history or walking through a rainforest.(2020·新高考卷Ⅰ语法填空)
②Data about the moon’s composition, such as how much ice and other treasures it contains，could help China decide whether its (it) plans for a future lunar (月球的) base are practical.(2020·全国卷Ⅰ语法填空)
③I know I will whisper to myself (I) the two simple words “Be yourself”．(2019·北京卷语法填空)
④When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find them (they) alive.(2018·全国卷Ⅲ语法填空)
⑤“She thought I had hurt myself (I)，” says Pahlsson.(浙江卷语法填空)
考点2 it的用法
1.用于某些固定句型中
(1)It’s/was the first (second) time＋that从句 某人第几次做某事(从句谓语用现在完成时have/has done/had done)
(2)It is/has been ＋时间段＋since从句 自从……过了一段时间了(从句谓语用过去时)
(3)It will be ＋时间段＋before 从句 要过一段时间之后才……(从句用一般现在时表示将来)
(4)It was＋时间段＋before 从句 过一段时间后才……(从句谓语用过去时)
(5)It’s (about/high) time＋that从句 某人该做某事了(从句谓语用过去时，有时也用“should＋动词原形”)
It is the first time (that) these Europeans have visited the Great Wall.
这是这些欧洲人第一次参观长城。
It wasn’t long before he told us this affair.
没过多久他就告诉了我们这件事情。
2．it用作形式主语
(1)it作先行词代替不定式、v.－ing形式、主语从句， 作形式主语。
(2)用作形式主语的重要句型
①It＋be＋形容词/名词词组/过去分词＋主语从句
②It＋be＋形容词(＋for sb)＋ 动词不定式(常用形容词easy, difficult, hard, important, possible, wise等，修饰说明不定式)
③It＋be＋形容词＋of sb＋动词不定式 (这类形容词是表示心理品质、性格特征的形容词，如：kind, nice, stupid, clever, foolish, polite, impolite, silly, selfish等， 修饰说明某人)
It is hard for him to make up his mind.他很难下定决心。
It was foolish of her to say such a thing.她说这样的事，真是太蠢了。
3．it用作形式宾语
(1)主语＋think/believe/suppose/consider/feel/make/keep...＋ it＋adj./n.(for/of sb) to do/从句
(2)主语＋think/believe/suppose/consider/feel/make/keep...＋it＋ important/necessary/natural/essential＋ that...(should)．..
He didn’t make it clear when and where the meeting would be held.
他没有弄清楚何时何地举行会议。
【名师指津】 某些及物动词或短语后不能直接跟从句。此时须先用it 作形式宾语，然后接从句，有此用法的动词(短语)有：like, dislike, hate, appreciate, depend on, rely on, count on, see to等。
You may depend on it that we shall always help you.
尽管放心，我们会随时帮你的。
单句写作
①有必要把这一切都告诉他父亲吗？
Is__it__necessary__to__tell__his__father__everything __
②如果你教我如何使用电脑我将感激不尽。
I’d__appreciate__it__if__you__would__like__to__teach__me__how__to__use__the__computer.
考点3 it，that，one易混辨析
it 意为“它”， 替代上文提到的同一事物，不能带任何修饰语
that 意为“那个”，指代那类人或事物，既可以指代前面出现过的不可数名词，也可以指代单数可数名词。指代单数可数名词时相当于the one，其复数是those，相当于the ones
one 意为“一个”，指代前面出现过的那类事物中的“一个”， 其复数是ones
—There is still a copy of the book in the library.Will you go and borrow it
图书馆还有一本这样的书。你去把它借来好吗？
—No，I’d rather buy one in the bookstore.
不，我宁愿到书店里买一本。
The climate of Guangzhou is much better than that of Xi’an.
广州的气候比西安的好多了。
单句语法填空
①Many westerners who/that come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap it can be to eat out.(2018·浙江卷语法填空)
②However, the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months, more than 25，000 people were using it every day.(全国卷Ⅱ语法填空)
③In many ways，the education system in the US is not very different from that in the UK.(浙江卷单选改编)
考点4 no one, nobody, none, nothing的区别
1.no one，nobody表示“没有人，谁也不”，只指人，作主语时，后跟动词单数形式，常可用来回答who引导的问句。
—Who can answer the question
谁能回答这个问题？
—No one./Nobody.没人。
Charles was alone at home，with no one looking after him.
查尔斯独自一人在家，没有人照顾他。
2．none“没人，没有任何东西”，既可指人，也可指物。 none后可接of短语，常用来回答how many/much引导的问句。
—How many of you have seen the film
你们中有多少人看过这部电影？
—None(of us)．一个也没有。
3．nothing意为“没有东西”，一般回答what引导的问句。
—What’s in the cave？洞里有什么？
—Nothing.没什么。
考点5 both，all，either，any，neither，none的区别
both(两者)都 neither(两者)都不 either(两者中)任何一者
all(三者或三者以上)都 none(三者或三者以上)都不 any(三个或三个以上)任何一者
There are shops on either side of the street.
街道的每一边都有一些商店。
Because Henry and Mark had to work，neither of them came yesterday.
因为Henry和Mark要工作，所以昨天两人都没来。
考点6 one，another，the other，some，others，the others的区别
单数 one一个 another另外一个 the other两者中的另一个
复数 some一些 others另一些 the others
剩余的一些
Please give me another ten minutes.
请再给我十分钟。
One was happy but the other was disappointed.
一个感到开心，另一个却感到失望。
补全句子
①He wants me to lend him some money, but I__have__none at hand.
他想要我借些钱给他，但我现在手头上一个子儿也没有。
②There are two apples on the plate, but neither__of__them__is__fresh．
盘子里有两个苹果，但没有一个是新鲜的。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Painting is good to one’s__(one)health and lifts spirits.(2021·重庆市高三学业质量调研)
2．With its (it)fascinating and artistic accompaniment, Peking Opera is an all－round art.
3．When I learned more about the food, I began to understand why it has this special feature.
4．There is also a growing trend towards marrying later：since 2013, the number of couples aged 25 to 29 has been greater than that of younger couples.
5．On my recent visit, I held a lively three－month－old twin that had been rejected by its__(it) mother.(全国卷Ⅰ语法填空)
6．I do hope that by writing about their__(they) stories, I’m helping things change for the better.(2021·山东省新高考质量测评高三5月联考)
7．By that time, the panda no longer needed its (it) mother for food.(四川卷语法填空)
8．We can overcome the problems that challenge us or we can enjoy ourselves (we) by avoiding all difficulties.
9．Around 7：40 p．m., I was still there.I whispered to myself__(I)，“What shall I do？”(2021·皖南八校高三第三次联考)
10．A vision or hearing impairment (损伤) may affect the ability to notice certain things, thus making it harder to record information.(2021·江西省高三第一次联考)
Ⅱ.补全句子
1．Neither__of__the__two__girls is clever.
两个女孩都不聪明。
2．It__was__already__ten__o’clock when he arrived home.
他到家时已经十点了。
3．My questions are__similar__to__those/the__ones you have raised.
我的问题与你提出的问题相似。
4．In my opinion，it’s__useless/no__use__arguing__with__him．
依我看来，同他争论没用。
5．Helping others is a habit，one__you__can__learn__to__develop__even__at__an__early__age．
帮助他人是一种习惯，是一种甚至年幼时你就能学着养成的习惯。
Ⅲ.语法填空
An old man and his son were taking a donkey to the market.The man rode the donkey and the son walked behind 1.____________．A man saw them and asked the son why 2.____________ wasn’t riding the donkey.Then the father let 3.____________ ride it.4.____________ man saw them and told 5.____________ that they should 6.____________ ride the donkey.So 7.____________ both got on it.A woman who saw them said，“Tell 8.________，why are you both riding that poor animal？9.________ looks so weak and tired.10.____________ are so cruel！”Then，the father and the son got off the donkey and started carrying it across a bridge.When they were halfway across the bridge，the donkey struggled loose and fell into the river.
【语篇解读】 这是一则寓言故事，讲述的是没有主见的父子二人骑驴去赶集的故事。
1．it [指代前面的the donkey。]
2．he [指代前面的the son，在宾语从句中作主语，用主格。]
3．him [指his son，作let的宾语，用宾格。]
4．Another [泛指“另一个”人。]
5．them [指代the father和his son，作told的宾语。]
6．both [作主语they的同位语，指这对父子“两人都”应骑在驴背上。]
7．they [指代the father和his son，作主语。]
8．me [与后面的you(你)相对，应是me(我)。]
9．It [指前面的that poor animal。]
10．You [由前面的you both可知。]
Ⅳ.写作运用
根据汉语提示补全短文，并注意代词的使用
Dear Tony，
I’m glad you signed up for the Peking Opera club of our school.1.__I’m__sure__you__will__have__a__better__understanding__of__Chinese__history__and__culture(我相信你会更好地了解中国的历史和文化)by learning Peking Opera.
This weekend 2.we__will__have__the__first__club__activity__of__the__term(我们将有本学期的第一次俱乐部活动)．The activity will be held in the school auditorium at 7 o’clock on Saturday evening.We will invite one famous Peking Opera actress from our city’s Peking Opera Troupe 3.to__give__us__a__speech__about__Peking__Opera__masks__and__costumes(给我们做一个关于京剧面具和服装的演讲)．In addition to teaching techniques, she will also give us demonstrations and perform several parts for us.4.I’m__sure__her__speech__will__be__wonderful(我相信她的演讲会很精彩)．
I hope 5.you’ll__be__present__on__time(你能准时出席)．