高中英语时文阅读12篇（word版含练习和答案）
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| 名称 | 高中英语时文阅读12篇（word版含练习和答案） |  | |
| 格式 | zip | ||
| 文件大小 | 33.7KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 通用版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2022-10-19 09:26:05 | ||
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1、爱是陪伴！
Chen Xingrong, 16, was diagnosed with autism（自闭症）when he was a baby. After being diagnosed with autism, his father, Chen Xunhu, quit his job and devoted his full attention to the topic of autism. In 2012, Chen Xunhu learned that swimming could help autistic people enhance their vital capacity and articulation（发音）, so he spent months learning how to swim by watching videos and reading books. He spent several months teaching his son and discovered that his son had gradually developed the ability to control his breath under water, which significantly boosted his confidence.
The father laid the groundwork for his son’s swimming lessons. Two hand rings and a swing are installed from the ceiling by the father to help Chen Xingrong strengthen his muscles and learn swimming movements more precisely. On one wall of their home hangs a table for Chen Xingrong’s routine exercises. “I used to plan all his exercises for him, but now it is all up to him. He decides how many exercises he wants to do, and it’s a process of self-management,” said Chen Xunhu.
In spite of all the hardships in life, Chen Xingrong managed to become an outstanding swimmer. In 2021, he won five medals, including a gold, at the 11th National Games for Persons with Disabilities and the eighth National Special Olympic Games.
As well as swimming, learning basic life skills is also an important part of life for a teenager with autism. Thanks to his father’s perseverance（毅力）, Chen Xingrong has learned to buy food and has held voluntary jobs at supermarkets and fast-food restaurants. Meanwhile, Chen Xunhu wants the public to know more about autistic people so as to reduce misunderstanding. He organized about 500 people to watch the autism-themed film, titled Ocean Heaven, which describes how a terminally ill father attempts to teach his son the necessary life skills to live without him.
Chen Xunhu has made great efforts to make the public understand autism better and hopes all autistic people will live a wonderful life in the future.
1. Why did the father try to teach his son to swim
A. To help treat his son’s illness. B. To build his son’s confidence.
C. To bring out his son’s potential. D. To encourage his son to start a hobby.
2. What do we know about Chen Xingrong
A. He preferred to swim at home. B. He kept to a tight training routine.
C. He has earned great rewards for his efforts.
D. He had difficulty in strengthening his muscles.
3. How did the father help people understand autism better
A. By organizing people to watch an autism-themed film.
B. By leading them to do voluntary work for autistic teenagers.
C. By showing the daily lives of children with autism in pictures.
D. By sharing his experience in teaching autistic children life skills.
4. Which of the following words can best describe Chen Xunhu
A. Creative and brave. B. Caring and determined.
C. Ambitious and demanding. D. Optimistic and humorous.
2、高中生疫情期间自立自强
Maria and her parents moved to the US from Brazil one year before the pandemic（流行病）. Better education opportunities lay ahead, and they were excited to get Maria into an American high school to prepare for college.
Each parent got a job, and Maria started studying. She also signed up for a service club because she wanted to meet people, practice her English and be a part of the community. “I love to serve,” Maria says. “I think it is my thank-you for the opportunities I have.”
She worked at the local food bank with other kids of her age, organizing bags for families who were having a hard time making ends meet. But when the pandemic hit, she found herself at the food bank for another reason: to bring home groceries to her parents. “We were all shocked when my mother lost her job. My friends at the food bank got me through it,” Maria said.
Luckily, her father kept his job. And with classes moving online, Maria was able to secure a full-time job and do her class work at night. Three of her courses were college prep classes that demanded a lot of work. During her senior year, Maria worked 40-hour weeks and studied even more. Yet, in her spare time, she packed food bags for others before taking hers home.
Just before graduation, Maria came into the food bank. One of the volunteers started getting a bag ready for her. “I don’t need one today,” Maria said. “My mother got a job. I’m here to help.”
Maria supported her family for eight months. She graduated on time and got scholarship offers from three different colleges. She moved to part-time work and has completed her first semester of college.
1. What does paragraph 2 mainly tell us
A. When Maria decided to go to the US. B. How Maria managed to get a job.
C. Why Maria joined the service club. D. What Maria did to help her family.
2. What allowed Maria to work full time during the pandemic
A. Leaving the food bank. B. The help from her friends.
C. Taking courses online. D. The support from her parents.
3. What can we infer from the last paragraph
A. Maria’s great efforts paid off.
B. Maria does very well in college.
C. Maria likes doing part-time jobs.
D. Maria’s family gave her lots of help.
4. What good qualities does Maria have
A. Loyal and reliable. B. Diligent and dedicated.
C. Ambitious and creative. D. Just and knowledgeable.
3、科学家训练老鼠进行地震救援
Search and rescue teams are often accompanied by man’s best friend. A dog’s superior sense of smell can be critical to finding survivors buried under fallen buildings. But now a new animal is being trained to assist search and rescue teams after an earthquake hits, and it’s the rat.
These rescue rats are being trained by Dr. Donna Kean, a researcher from Glasgow, Scotland who has been working with rats for years. Kean explained why she and her colleagues at the nonprofit APOPO train rats instead of dogs. “The rats have a comparable sense of smell, and they’re just as trainable as dogs,” she said. “Their size is useful because they will be able to move through different environments that dogs just wouldn’t be able to.”
At the moment, the rats are wearing homemade prototype backpacks（背包）that contain microphones, video equipment, and location trackers, and then scientists are sending these rats into mock debris（模拟的废墟）. Rats would be able to get into small spaces to get to victims buried in the ruins. “We have not been in a real situation yet, we have got a mock debris site. When we track the backpack, we will be able to hear from where the rat is inside the debris,” Kean said. “We have the potential to speak to victims through the rat.”
Researchers train them on a basic series of behaviour. Training starts off in a really basic environment: a small and empty room. Then they gradually expand and increase the complexity in order to make it like real life. They can start adding in debris and making the training area look more like an actual collapsed building site.
The training just started, and researchers still have to run training trials outside the research environment. They are working with a search and rescue group called GEA, who are based in Turkey, a country with frequent earthquakes and hoping that by next year they’ll be able to take the rats to Turkey for trials.
1.What advantage do rats have over dogs in the rescue work
A. They are easier to train. B. They have a better sense of smell.
C. They are more flexible with a smaller size. D. They adapt to new environments more quickly.
2. What function is expected of the backpacks
A. To guide rats to find survivors. B. To protect rats from being injured.
C. To provide some food for trapped people. D. To help rescuers communicate with victims.
3. What is paragraph 4 mainly about
A. The process of training the rats. B. The difficulty of conducting experiments.
C. The rats’ behaviour in real collapsed sites. D. The importance of the research environment.
4. What will researchers plan to do next
A. Use rats for rescue work on a large scale.
B. Send rats to Turkey for field experiments.
C. Conduct further study on disaster prevention.
D. Develop the tracking technology to assist GEA.
4、科学家研制出火星滑翔机
Engineers at the University of Arizona and a scientist at the American space agency NASA have developed a lightweight sailplane（滑翔机）that can fly above Mars for several days at a time. The plane is equipped with flight, temperature and gas sensors（传感器）, as well as cameras. It is designed to gather data about the Red Planet’s atmosphere.
There are currently eight active spacecraft orbiting Mars and three rover vehicles also exploring the surface. But these research vehicles are limited in their ability to collect data on the area just above the Mars surface, because they depend on energy from the sun and need batteries to operate.
The researchers say the sailplane they developed is lightweight and low-cost. It will be able to use a method called dynamic soaring. This method permits a plane to gain energy by repeatedly crossing boundaries between air masses of different strength levels. This kind of wind activity is known to be common on Mars.
NASA has experimented with a small helicopter on Mars, the Ingenuity. So far, tests of Ingenuity have been successful. But the experimental helicopter is only able to fly for a few minutes at a time and can only reach heights of about 12 meters. “Its technology has been very limited by energy,” says the study’s lead author, Adrien Bouskela. Sailplanes, on the other hand, can fly over the Martian skies for days, allowing them to reach far beyond Ingenuity and visit new places.
The team has carried out tests of the sailplane by attaching it to a balloon floating in the sky. More tests are planned for this summer when researchers are expected to send the plane up to about 4500 meters above sea level, where Earth’s atmosphere is thinner and flight conditions are similar to those of Mars. “We can use Earth as a laboratory to study flight to Mars,” said Sergei Shakrayev, a professor at the University of Arizona.
1.What is the purpose of the sailplane
A. To search for aliens on Mars. B. To detect the resources on Mars.
C. To explore the atmosphere on Mars. D. To record the changes in the solar system.
2. What highlights the sailplane compared with other research vehicles
A. It is easier to operate. B. It can be powered by winds.
C. It moves faster with a lower weight. D. It provides more accurate data.
3. Why does the author mention Ingenuity
A. To list NASA’s achievements of researching Mars.
B. To show the limitation of conducting the study on Earth.
C. To stress the advantage of the sailplane in energy supply.
D. To explain the complicated process of developing the sailplane.
4. What will researchers do according to the last paragraph
A. Apply the sailplane to other fields. B. Raise funds to launch the sailplane.
C. Improve the sailplane in the laboratory. D. Test the sailplane at high altitudes.
5、冒险性游戏与儿童心理健康
Children who spend more time playing adventurously have lower symptoms of anxiety and depression and were happier over the first Covid-19 lockdown（封锁）, according to a new study led by the University of Exeter. Today’s children have fewer opportunities for adventurous play, such as climbing trees, riding bikes or jumping from high surfaces. The study sought to test theories that adventurous play offers learning opportunities that help build resilience（适应力）in children, thereby helping to prevent mental health problems.
The research team surveyed nearly 2500 parents of children aged 5 – 11 years. Parents completed questions about their child’s play, their general mental health pre-Covid and their mood during the first Covid-19 lockdown.
Researchers found that children who spent more time playing outside had fewer “internalizing problems,” characterized as anxiety and depression. Those children were also more positive during the first lockdown. Results were consistent even after researchers factored in a wide range of demographic variables（人口统计学变量）including child sex, age, parent employment status and parent mental health. They also found that the effect was more pronounced in children from lower income families than those growing up in higher income households.
“This is really positive because play is free, natural and rewarding for children, available to everyone, and doesn’t require special skills. We now urgently need to invest in and protect natural spaces, well-designed parks and adventure playgrounds, to support the mental health of our children,” Helen Dodd, who led the study, said.
“The rewards of allowing children to self-regulate and manage challenge in their play are widespread and far-reaching. Adventurous play helps children to build the resilience needed to cope with, and manage stress in challenging circumstances,” said Jacqueline O’Loughlin, Chief Executive of PlayBoard NI. “Children and young people need freedom and opportunities to encounter challenge and risk in their everyday playful adventures.”
1.What does the new study focus on
A. Ways of improving children’s resilience.
B. The influence of adventurous play on children.
C. Symptoms of anxiety and depression in children.
D. Children’s social needs during the Covid-19 lockdown.
2. What is the third paragraph mainly about
A. The results of the research.
B. The process of the research.
C. The limitations of the research.
D. The significance of the research.
3. What does Helen Dodd advise people to do
A. Allow children to use natural spaces for free.
B. Create opportunities for children to adventure.
C. Reward children for attending adventurous play.
D. Encourage children to learn special skills for adventures.
4. What is O’Loughlin’s attitude towards adventurous play
A. Uncaring. B. Doubtful. C. Positive. D. Disapproving.
6、全球首个可繁殖机器人问世！
To persist, life must reproduce. Scientists at the University of Vermont, Tufts University, and the Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard University have discovered an entirely new form of biological reproduction and applied their discovery to create the first-ever, self-replicating（自我复制的）living robots.
Named Xenobots after the African clawed frog from which scientists take their stem cells, the machines are less than 0.04 inches wide — small enough to travel inside human bodies. They can walk and swim, survive for weeks without food, and work together in groups. They even have regenerative capabilities; when the scientists sliced into one robot, it healed by itself and kept moving.
The Xenobots could potentially be used toward a host of tasks. Xenobots could be used to clean up radioactive waste and collect microplastics in the oceans. Some Xenobots had holes in their center, which could potentially be used to transport drugs or medicines. Traditional robots “degrade（降解）over time and can produce harmful ecological and health side effects,” researchers said in the study, which was published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. As biological machines, Xenobots are more environmentally friendly and safer for human health. Aside from these immediate practical tasks, Xenobots could also help researchers to learn more about cell biology — opening the doors to future advancement in human health and longevity.
While the prospect of self-replicating biotechnology could spark concern, the researchers said that the living machines were entirely contained in a lab and easily destroyed, as they are biodegradable and regulated by experts. “There are many things that are possible if we take advantage of this kind of plasticity（可塑性）and ability of cells to solve problems,” said Joshua Bongard, one of the lead researchers at the University of Vermont.
1. Which of the following best explains “regenerative” underlined in paragraph 2
A. Fighting disease. B. Replacing old cells.
C. Self-cleaning regularly. D. Recovering and growing again.
2. What can we learn about Xenobots from paragraph 3
A. They can be widely applied to curing diseases.
B. They can serve well the research on human health.
C. They are specially designed to collect radioactive waste.
D. They are harmless to the environment by degrading plastics.
3. What is Bongard’s attitude towards the self-replicating biotechnology
A. Doubtful. B. Positive.
C. Indifferent. D. Ambiguous.
4. What does the text mainly talk about
A. The invention of the first self-reproduction robots.
B. An application of a machine in medicine.
C. The trend of developing biotechnology.
D. An experiment on African clawed frogs.
7、全球最小女出版者
Most 5-year-olds are just learning their ABCs but one little girl from the UK has actually written a book that was published in January 2022. Bella-Jay Dark from Weymouth, is the world’s youngest female to be published and was awarded the title by Guinness World Records（吉尼斯世界纪录）. Her book, The Lost Cat tells the story of Snowy, a cat who got lost after going outside alone at night. She hopes the book will teach children not to go outside at night alone.
While many adult writers find inspiration for their books from life experiences, Bella’s creative vision actually came from one of her drawings. “It started off as a picture. My daddy said I could make a book and a story came from the picture,” Bella said.
Her mom, Chelsie Syme, was surprised that the book turned out as well as it did. “I am just really proud of her; I did not think it was going to go this far so I’m just proud and want to see her get the acknowledgement she deserves.”
But how do you get a child’s homemade book published According to Syme, they took Bella’s book to a book fair and found a publisher willing to take a chance on it. Syme helped Bella with proofing copies（校对本）and making necessary changes. To earn the Guinness World Record title of The World’s Youngest Published Author, female, the book has to be published by a commercial publishing house and have at least 1000 copies printed and sold. Bella’s book met the criteria, so she was awarded the title.
Besides being an accomplished author, Bella is just a regular kid who enjoys reading, swimming, and playing on her tablet. In her free time, she is currently working on a sequel（续篇）to Snowy’s story. Who knows what pearls of wisdom will come next
1. Who is Snowy
A. Bella’s pet. B. A lost child.
C. A cat in Bella’s work. D. A talented female writer.
2. What is the inspiration of Bella’s book
A. Bella’s life experiences. B. A picture she drew herself.
C. Children’s interest in animals. D. A storybook bought by her father.
3. What does the underlined word “criteria” probably mean in paragraph 4
A. Standards. B. Difficulties.
C. Forms. D. Guesses.
4. What can we infer about Bella
A. Her father is a painter. B. Her mother is strict with her.
C. She wants to help children with her book. D. She pays much attention to protecting animals.
8、人工智能控制的红绿灯
Every driver loves sailing through a series of green lights without having to stop and wait at a traffic light. Now, thanks to artificial intelligence, German researchers have found a way to reduce time spent at intersections（十字路口）.
Called the KI4LSA project and funded by the Ministry of Transport and Digital Infrastructure, the innovation is being tested. Scientists first studied algorithms（算法）taken from a busy intersection to learn about traffic patterns and where improvements were most needed. There is a great necessity to speed up waiting times at intersections as conventional methods are inflexible, according to the Fraunhofer Institute.
The new AI method uses radar sensors and high-resolution（清晰度） cameras to interpret traffic patterns in real-time. They can determine the speed of traffic as well as waiting times and combine this with self-learning algorithms. Scientists are currently trying this out at a busy intersection in Lemgo, Germany, with encouraging results.
The intelligent lights are said to improve traffic flow by 10 to 15 percent, which results in money saved; the EU estimates that traffic jams create economic damage that adds up to 100 billion euros a year. Aside from reducing commuting time, these traffic lights will reduce noise and CO2 emissions from cars idling at intersections.
Another exciting development in this research is the K14PED project, which studies pedestrians crossing intersections. Using AI, researchers can identify how many people are waiting at a pedestrian crossing and whether some of these people will need extra time to cross the street. Using a 3D points cloud, they can tell if someone has disabilities or is elderly without identifying the individual. Since pedestrian buttons that are presently at intersections cannot determine if some people have special needs or are elderly, this is a real win. Such a needs-based system could reduce pedestrian waiting time by 30 percent, which could then decrease jaywalking（乱穿马路）by 25 percent.
Testing will be done until the summer of 2022 in the German towns of Lemgo and Bielefeld, with researchers optimistic that it will be adopted by many countries. This technology is exciting news for pedestrians and drivers alike. It encourages safety, protects the environment, and may even give you more time to enjoy your morning coffee before heading off to work!
1. What is the function of AI in the KI4LSA project
A. To provide real-time information about traffic.
B. To detect road conditions and noise pollution.
C. To control traffic lights and the speed of vehicles.
D. To remind people of traffic rules at intersections.
2. What is paragraph 4 mainly about
A. Ways of improving traffic flow.
B. Advantages of the intelligent lights.
C. The development of artificial intelligence.
D. The effect of traffic jams on the environment.
3. What do we know about the K14PED project
A. It has been applied to streets in many countries.
B. It ensures pedestrians have enough time to cross the road.
C. It helps to avoid traffic accidents with a 3D points cloud.
D. It can meet the demand of pedestrians with special needs.
4. Which could be the best title for the text
A. The Bright Future of AI Technology
B. The New Traffic Service for Senior Citizens
C. Digital Traffic System: A Start to Smart Cites
D. The Intelligent Lights: A Blessing for Transportation
9、日本科研人员研发出可食用水泥
Food waste is a big problem in Japan and the world. In 2019, Japan produced 5.7 million tons of food waste. The government is working on reducing this to 2.7 million by 2030.
Now, University of Tokyo researchers in Japan have created a new technology that uses food waste in a surprising way. Student Kota Machida and Professor Yuya Sakai say the operation can turn food waste into a strong but bendable material like cement（水泥）. They say it is four times stronger than regular concrete and is sustainable. And you can eat it.
At first Sakai used wood particles with heat and pressure to create the concrete, and then he moved onto food waste with plastics mixed in. Through a process of drying, crushing, and compressing（压缩）the food waste, Sakai and his student Machida had successfully made cement from food waste without plastic. They adjusted the pressure and the temperature with simple equipment that can be bought from the Internet. “The most challenging part was that each type of food waste requires different temperatures and pressure levels,” Sakai said.
The team have used different types of food waste to make the cement, including tea leaves, orange peels, coffee grounds, and leftover lunch materials. They’ve adjusted flavors with different spices and found the colors, smell and taste of the cement can be quite appealing. To be able to eat the material, a person would need to break it into pieces and boil it. To make the cement water-resistant and protect it from being eaten by pests, it might be coated with Japanese lacquer（漆）.
Machida and his two friends have created a company called Fabula, Inc. They are working with other companies to use the material to make products for the home. “The process of creating the cement could be used to make temporary housing that can be eaten if a disaster happens. The food cement can be reused and buried in the ground if not needed without affecting the environment. If this cement could replace plastic and cement products, it may help slow global warming linked to food waste, as well,” said Machida.
What is the food waste intended for
A. Decorating houses. B. Making a construction material.
C. Extending the service life of concrete. D. Providing sustainable energy for electricity.
2. What is the most difficult part of making the cement
A. Mixing plastics with food waste. B. Compressing and heating the wood.
C. Using the equipment to dry materials. D. Regulating temperature and pressure levels.
3. Why was Japanese lacquer used
A. To reflect the strong sunlight. B. To mask the smell of the cement.
C. To make the cement’s color appealing. D. To protect the cement from water and pests.
4. What do Machida’s words focus on
A. Ways of using the cement. B. The limitations of the cement.
C. The advantages of the cement. D. Reasons for developing the cement.
10、水下雕塑公园
In the blue-green depths of the sea off the coast of Tuscany, Italy, an unusual seafloor sculpture park is defending its watery setting.
Since fisherman Paolo Fanciulli’s teens, he has been heading out daily to fish in these coastal waters along the Maremma coastline. It was in the 1980s that he began to notice the clear signs: a seabed that was becoming barren（贫瘠）, with exhausted fish stocks. Until recently, he was forced to share catches with a threatening part: illegal “bottom trawlers”（拖网捕鱼的人）, who randomly spoil a large quantity of ocean life as they fish, dragging a weighted net along the seafloor behind their boats.
Fanciulli’s style of artisanal fishing（手工捕鱼）, in contrast, needs to be sustainable as damaging the ecosystem could reduce fishermen’s income. Fanciulli understood that the success of his fishing activity was linked to the good state of the environment. “If the sea dies, so does the fisherman. You can’t just take, you have to give too,” said Fanciulli. The underwater “House of Fish” sculpture park, which was started in 2015, was encouraged by this fisherman’s desire to do something that went beyond the handful of concrete blocks he had previously convinced local authorities and some environmental groups to drop into the sea to try and stop illegal trawling.
Concrete blocks or sculptures can break weighted trawler nets. They can also play a role as artificial reefs, giving corals and other sea life a place to live, and varying shade and lighting to help species flourish. Thanks to the underwater sculptures, some species not seen in a long while such as groupers and lobsters have returned. The sculpture park represents both an artistic statement and a physical barrier to seafloor trawling.
Today, 39 huge, other-worldly stone sculptures dot the seabed along a stretch of Tuscan coastline near the town of Talamone. These artworks are already coated with algae, a sign that the natural habitat is being revived. In the immediate future, Fanciulli hopes to continue his beautiful solution in coastal waters. “Man is still destroying the seas,” he says. “And my mission continues.”
1. What poses a threat to Fanciulli’s work of artisanal fishing
A. Increasing fishermen. B. Frequent bad weather.
C. Illegal trawling industry. D. Concrete blocks on the seafloor.
2. Why does Fanciulli want to build underwater sculpture parks
A. To show his creativity in carving. B. To protect the ecosystem of the sea.
C. To boost the development of local tourism. D. To warn people against fishing in coastal waters.
3. What is paragraph 4 mainly about
A. The process of building sculpture parks. B. The results of banning seafloor trawling.
C. The roles of sculpture parks under the sea. D. The damaging effects of trawling on sea life.
4. What could be the best title of this text
A. The First Underwater Park in the World
B. Fanciulli’s Innovation in Cleaning the Ocean
C. Waters with Sculptures: Better Habitats for Fishes
D. Seafloor Parks: Artworks for Protecting Our Sea
11、藻类可做飞行燃料？
From healthy food, to a natural fertilizer, and to being used as a biofuel, the popularity of algae（藻）is increasing. Now, the first European carbon-neutral biorefinery（生物炼油厂）opened in Istanbul, Turkey, to make a number of useful products including biofuel. The refinery plans to provide a bio-jet fuel based on algae in order to reduce the dependence on non-renewable energy sources like fossil-fuels. It is a joint project by the European Union and Turkey.
Algae is actually a very diverse group of photosynthetic（光合作用）aquatic organisms. People can grow algae in almost any climate due to the open or closed tanks that are available today. As long as we can provide this natural product with enough sunlight to create photosynthesis, then it has the capability to grow quickly. What’s more, oil is formed from ancient algae deposits. Today the world’s supply of oil is limited, and it makes sense to turn to algae biofuel as an alternative.
The refinery is set up inside Bo azi i University — near the Black Sea — in a huge 2500 square-meter research and development space. The facility will be able to handle 1200 tons of algae per year. The refinery’s electricity is provided by renewable wind power. The facility has a zero-waste target and intends to be carbon-negative. The country is counting on creating bio-jet fuel which can be blended with standard jet fuel. This will help cut its dependency on energy imports as well as cut its carbon emissions.
“Switching to a structure where energy is used efficiently, the waste is minimized and recycled, and carbon footprints do not exist is a must for us. We have showed our determination on this path. We are making all preparations for the first flight using biofuel from here before the end of 2022,” Turkish energy and natural resources minister Mustafa Varank said. Turkey is showing the world that algae can be a path to going green.
1. What is the project mentioned in paragraph 1
A. Turning algae into a bio-jet fuel.
B. Producing algae-based natural fertilizer.
C. Increasing energy efficiency of fossil-fuels.
D. Reducing the carbon emissions of airplanes.
2. What does paragraph 2 mainly tell us about algae
A. Its growth cycle.
B. Its limited quantity.
C. Its species diversity.
D. Its application potential.
3. What can we infer about the refinery
A. It consumes little electricity to run.
B. It is committed to low-carbon green production.
C. It provides higher-quality fuel than standard jet fuel.
D. It aims to export bio-jet fuel to areas near the Black Sea.
4. What is Varank’s attitude towards the biofuel production in Turkey
A. Doubtful. B. Favorable. C. Indifferent. D. Disapproving.
12、自动送货机器人
Although it is a business not many are aware of, sidewalk robots are set to become an industry with annual sales of $1 billion within a decade. These four- or six-wheeled autonomous machines, usually the size of a suitcase, are already delivering groceries in America, China and Europe, which puts them ahead of many driverless cars and lorries being developed.
Those bigger vehicles are held back not by technology but regulation. This means having a “safety driver” on board ready to take over if there is a problem, which is hardly labour-saving. For these larger vehicles, regulators want to see safety systems thoroughly proved. In January 2022, Britain’s Law Commission, which reviews lawmaking, recommended that it should not be the person in the driver’s seat who faces prosecution（诉讼）if a vehicle in autonomous mode crashes, but the manufacturer or the body that sought approval for its use.
However, sidewalk robots are getting on with the job. For example, Starship Technologies, based in San Francisco, estimates it has already clocked up more than 2.5 million deliveries with robots in a number of cities, universities and business parks in Europe and America. Amazon is carrying out trials with a similar sort of machine. Kiwibot, a Colombian startup, is making sidewalk deliveries in California. Udelv, a Californian firm, is developing a larger type called Transporter to operate at highway speeds.
Sidewalk robots carry a few bags of groceries using a variety of sensors（传感器）, including cameras, radar and GPS to navigate and avoid obstacles and people. Their progress can be monitored on a phone app, which also unlocks them for goods to be removed. As they are small, move slowly and are “telemonitored”（遥控）by people in a control room who can take over, authorities seem more willing to give them a green light.
Such robots are becoming more autonomous. Being much further along the road in earning their keep, these delivery robots are helping to pave the way for the time when bigger autonomous vehicles can join them.
1. What is paragraph 2 mainly about
A. Problems caused by autonomous cars.
B. Suggestions for producing intelligent robots.
C. Challenges faced by large driverless vehicles.
D. The innovative technology of delivery vehicles.
2. Why does the author give some examples in paragraph 3
A. To prove the safety of autonomous machines.
B. To present the development of sidewalk robots.
C. To encourage the public to create more robots.
D. To show the advantages of self-driving technology.
3. What can we know about sidewalk robots
A. They are environmentally friendly.
B. They can distinguish traffic lights on the road.
C. They make deliveries faster than ordinary trucks.
D. They make it easy for people to track the delivery process.
4. Which section of a magazine is this text probably taken from
A. Sports and music. B. Business and culture.
答案： 1、ACAB
2、CCAB
3、CDAB
4、CBCD
5、BABC
6、DBBA
7、CBAC
8、ABDD
9、BDDC
10、CBCD
11、ADBB
12、CBDC
Chen Xingrong, 16, was diagnosed with autism（自闭症）when he was a baby. After being diagnosed with autism, his father, Chen Xunhu, quit his job and devoted his full attention to the topic of autism. In 2012, Chen Xunhu learned that swimming could help autistic people enhance their vital capacity and articulation（发音）, so he spent months learning how to swim by watching videos and reading books. He spent several months teaching his son and discovered that his son had gradually developed the ability to control his breath under water, which significantly boosted his confidence.
The father laid the groundwork for his son’s swimming lessons. Two hand rings and a swing are installed from the ceiling by the father to help Chen Xingrong strengthen his muscles and learn swimming movements more precisely. On one wall of their home hangs a table for Chen Xingrong’s routine exercises. “I used to plan all his exercises for him, but now it is all up to him. He decides how many exercises he wants to do, and it’s a process of self-management,” said Chen Xunhu.
In spite of all the hardships in life, Chen Xingrong managed to become an outstanding swimmer. In 2021, he won five medals, including a gold, at the 11th National Games for Persons with Disabilities and the eighth National Special Olympic Games.
As well as swimming, learning basic life skills is also an important part of life for a teenager with autism. Thanks to his father’s perseverance（毅力）, Chen Xingrong has learned to buy food and has held voluntary jobs at supermarkets and fast-food restaurants. Meanwhile, Chen Xunhu wants the public to know more about autistic people so as to reduce misunderstanding. He organized about 500 people to watch the autism-themed film, titled Ocean Heaven, which describes how a terminally ill father attempts to teach his son the necessary life skills to live without him.
Chen Xunhu has made great efforts to make the public understand autism better and hopes all autistic people will live a wonderful life in the future.
1. Why did the father try to teach his son to swim
A. To help treat his son’s illness. B. To build his son’s confidence.
C. To bring out his son’s potential. D. To encourage his son to start a hobby.
2. What do we know about Chen Xingrong
A. He preferred to swim at home. B. He kept to a tight training routine.
C. He has earned great rewards for his efforts.
D. He had difficulty in strengthening his muscles.
3. How did the father help people understand autism better
A. By organizing people to watch an autism-themed film.
B. By leading them to do voluntary work for autistic teenagers.
C. By showing the daily lives of children with autism in pictures.
D. By sharing his experience in teaching autistic children life skills.
4. Which of the following words can best describe Chen Xunhu
A. Creative and brave. B. Caring and determined.
C. Ambitious and demanding. D. Optimistic and humorous.
2、高中生疫情期间自立自强
Maria and her parents moved to the US from Brazil one year before the pandemic（流行病）. Better education opportunities lay ahead, and they were excited to get Maria into an American high school to prepare for college.
Each parent got a job, and Maria started studying. She also signed up for a service club because she wanted to meet people, practice her English and be a part of the community. “I love to serve,” Maria says. “I think it is my thank-you for the opportunities I have.”
She worked at the local food bank with other kids of her age, organizing bags for families who were having a hard time making ends meet. But when the pandemic hit, she found herself at the food bank for another reason: to bring home groceries to her parents. “We were all shocked when my mother lost her job. My friends at the food bank got me through it,” Maria said.
Luckily, her father kept his job. And with classes moving online, Maria was able to secure a full-time job and do her class work at night. Three of her courses were college prep classes that demanded a lot of work. During her senior year, Maria worked 40-hour weeks and studied even more. Yet, in her spare time, she packed food bags for others before taking hers home.
Just before graduation, Maria came into the food bank. One of the volunteers started getting a bag ready for her. “I don’t need one today,” Maria said. “My mother got a job. I’m here to help.”
Maria supported her family for eight months. She graduated on time and got scholarship offers from three different colleges. She moved to part-time work and has completed her first semester of college.
1. What does paragraph 2 mainly tell us
A. When Maria decided to go to the US. B. How Maria managed to get a job.
C. Why Maria joined the service club. D. What Maria did to help her family.
2. What allowed Maria to work full time during the pandemic
A. Leaving the food bank. B. The help from her friends.
C. Taking courses online. D. The support from her parents.
3. What can we infer from the last paragraph
A. Maria’s great efforts paid off.
B. Maria does very well in college.
C. Maria likes doing part-time jobs.
D. Maria’s family gave her lots of help.
4. What good qualities does Maria have
A. Loyal and reliable. B. Diligent and dedicated.
C. Ambitious and creative. D. Just and knowledgeable.
3、科学家训练老鼠进行地震救援
Search and rescue teams are often accompanied by man’s best friend. A dog’s superior sense of smell can be critical to finding survivors buried under fallen buildings. But now a new animal is being trained to assist search and rescue teams after an earthquake hits, and it’s the rat.
These rescue rats are being trained by Dr. Donna Kean, a researcher from Glasgow, Scotland who has been working with rats for years. Kean explained why she and her colleagues at the nonprofit APOPO train rats instead of dogs. “The rats have a comparable sense of smell, and they’re just as trainable as dogs,” she said. “Their size is useful because they will be able to move through different environments that dogs just wouldn’t be able to.”
At the moment, the rats are wearing homemade prototype backpacks（背包）that contain microphones, video equipment, and location trackers, and then scientists are sending these rats into mock debris（模拟的废墟）. Rats would be able to get into small spaces to get to victims buried in the ruins. “We have not been in a real situation yet, we have got a mock debris site. When we track the backpack, we will be able to hear from where the rat is inside the debris,” Kean said. “We have the potential to speak to victims through the rat.”
Researchers train them on a basic series of behaviour. Training starts off in a really basic environment: a small and empty room. Then they gradually expand and increase the complexity in order to make it like real life. They can start adding in debris and making the training area look more like an actual collapsed building site.
The training just started, and researchers still have to run training trials outside the research environment. They are working with a search and rescue group called GEA, who are based in Turkey, a country with frequent earthquakes and hoping that by next year they’ll be able to take the rats to Turkey for trials.
1.What advantage do rats have over dogs in the rescue work
A. They are easier to train. B. They have a better sense of smell.
C. They are more flexible with a smaller size. D. They adapt to new environments more quickly.
2. What function is expected of the backpacks
A. To guide rats to find survivors. B. To protect rats from being injured.
C. To provide some food for trapped people. D. To help rescuers communicate with victims.
3. What is paragraph 4 mainly about
A. The process of training the rats. B. The difficulty of conducting experiments.
C. The rats’ behaviour in real collapsed sites. D. The importance of the research environment.
4. What will researchers plan to do next
A. Use rats for rescue work on a large scale.
B. Send rats to Turkey for field experiments.
C. Conduct further study on disaster prevention.
D. Develop the tracking technology to assist GEA.
4、科学家研制出火星滑翔机
Engineers at the University of Arizona and a scientist at the American space agency NASA have developed a lightweight sailplane（滑翔机）that can fly above Mars for several days at a time. The plane is equipped with flight, temperature and gas sensors（传感器）, as well as cameras. It is designed to gather data about the Red Planet’s atmosphere.
There are currently eight active spacecraft orbiting Mars and three rover vehicles also exploring the surface. But these research vehicles are limited in their ability to collect data on the area just above the Mars surface, because they depend on energy from the sun and need batteries to operate.
The researchers say the sailplane they developed is lightweight and low-cost. It will be able to use a method called dynamic soaring. This method permits a plane to gain energy by repeatedly crossing boundaries between air masses of different strength levels. This kind of wind activity is known to be common on Mars.
NASA has experimented with a small helicopter on Mars, the Ingenuity. So far, tests of Ingenuity have been successful. But the experimental helicopter is only able to fly for a few minutes at a time and can only reach heights of about 12 meters. “Its technology has been very limited by energy,” says the study’s lead author, Adrien Bouskela. Sailplanes, on the other hand, can fly over the Martian skies for days, allowing them to reach far beyond Ingenuity and visit new places.
The team has carried out tests of the sailplane by attaching it to a balloon floating in the sky. More tests are planned for this summer when researchers are expected to send the plane up to about 4500 meters above sea level, where Earth’s atmosphere is thinner and flight conditions are similar to those of Mars. “We can use Earth as a laboratory to study flight to Mars,” said Sergei Shakrayev, a professor at the University of Arizona.
1.What is the purpose of the sailplane
A. To search for aliens on Mars. B. To detect the resources on Mars.
C. To explore the atmosphere on Mars. D. To record the changes in the solar system.
2. What highlights the sailplane compared with other research vehicles
A. It is easier to operate. B. It can be powered by winds.
C. It moves faster with a lower weight. D. It provides more accurate data.
3. Why does the author mention Ingenuity
A. To list NASA’s achievements of researching Mars.
B. To show the limitation of conducting the study on Earth.
C. To stress the advantage of the sailplane in energy supply.
D. To explain the complicated process of developing the sailplane.
4. What will researchers do according to the last paragraph
A. Apply the sailplane to other fields. B. Raise funds to launch the sailplane.
C. Improve the sailplane in the laboratory. D. Test the sailplane at high altitudes.
5、冒险性游戏与儿童心理健康
Children who spend more time playing adventurously have lower symptoms of anxiety and depression and were happier over the first Covid-19 lockdown（封锁）, according to a new study led by the University of Exeter. Today’s children have fewer opportunities for adventurous play, such as climbing trees, riding bikes or jumping from high surfaces. The study sought to test theories that adventurous play offers learning opportunities that help build resilience（适应力）in children, thereby helping to prevent mental health problems.
The research team surveyed nearly 2500 parents of children aged 5 – 11 years. Parents completed questions about their child’s play, their general mental health pre-Covid and their mood during the first Covid-19 lockdown.
Researchers found that children who spent more time playing outside had fewer “internalizing problems,” characterized as anxiety and depression. Those children were also more positive during the first lockdown. Results were consistent even after researchers factored in a wide range of demographic variables（人口统计学变量）including child sex, age, parent employment status and parent mental health. They also found that the effect was more pronounced in children from lower income families than those growing up in higher income households.
“This is really positive because play is free, natural and rewarding for children, available to everyone, and doesn’t require special skills. We now urgently need to invest in and protect natural spaces, well-designed parks and adventure playgrounds, to support the mental health of our children,” Helen Dodd, who led the study, said.
“The rewards of allowing children to self-regulate and manage challenge in their play are widespread and far-reaching. Adventurous play helps children to build the resilience needed to cope with, and manage stress in challenging circumstances,” said Jacqueline O’Loughlin, Chief Executive of PlayBoard NI. “Children and young people need freedom and opportunities to encounter challenge and risk in their everyday playful adventures.”
1.What does the new study focus on
A. Ways of improving children’s resilience.
B. The influence of adventurous play on children.
C. Symptoms of anxiety and depression in children.
D. Children’s social needs during the Covid-19 lockdown.
2. What is the third paragraph mainly about
A. The results of the research.
B. The process of the research.
C. The limitations of the research.
D. The significance of the research.
3. What does Helen Dodd advise people to do
A. Allow children to use natural spaces for free.
B. Create opportunities for children to adventure.
C. Reward children for attending adventurous play.
D. Encourage children to learn special skills for adventures.
4. What is O’Loughlin’s attitude towards adventurous play
A. Uncaring. B. Doubtful. C. Positive. D. Disapproving.
6、全球首个可繁殖机器人问世！
To persist, life must reproduce. Scientists at the University of Vermont, Tufts University, and the Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard University have discovered an entirely new form of biological reproduction and applied their discovery to create the first-ever, self-replicating（自我复制的）living robots.
Named Xenobots after the African clawed frog from which scientists take their stem cells, the machines are less than 0.04 inches wide — small enough to travel inside human bodies. They can walk and swim, survive for weeks without food, and work together in groups. They even have regenerative capabilities; when the scientists sliced into one robot, it healed by itself and kept moving.
The Xenobots could potentially be used toward a host of tasks. Xenobots could be used to clean up radioactive waste and collect microplastics in the oceans. Some Xenobots had holes in their center, which could potentially be used to transport drugs or medicines. Traditional robots “degrade（降解）over time and can produce harmful ecological and health side effects,” researchers said in the study, which was published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. As biological machines, Xenobots are more environmentally friendly and safer for human health. Aside from these immediate practical tasks, Xenobots could also help researchers to learn more about cell biology — opening the doors to future advancement in human health and longevity.
While the prospect of self-replicating biotechnology could spark concern, the researchers said that the living machines were entirely contained in a lab and easily destroyed, as they are biodegradable and regulated by experts. “There are many things that are possible if we take advantage of this kind of plasticity（可塑性）and ability of cells to solve problems,” said Joshua Bongard, one of the lead researchers at the University of Vermont.
1. Which of the following best explains “regenerative” underlined in paragraph 2
A. Fighting disease. B. Replacing old cells.
C. Self-cleaning regularly. D. Recovering and growing again.
2. What can we learn about Xenobots from paragraph 3
A. They can be widely applied to curing diseases.
B. They can serve well the research on human health.
C. They are specially designed to collect radioactive waste.
D. They are harmless to the environment by degrading plastics.
3. What is Bongard’s attitude towards the self-replicating biotechnology
A. Doubtful. B. Positive.
C. Indifferent. D. Ambiguous.
4. What does the text mainly talk about
A. The invention of the first self-reproduction robots.
B. An application of a machine in medicine.
C. The trend of developing biotechnology.
D. An experiment on African clawed frogs.
7、全球最小女出版者
Most 5-year-olds are just learning their ABCs but one little girl from the UK has actually written a book that was published in January 2022. Bella-Jay Dark from Weymouth, is the world’s youngest female to be published and was awarded the title by Guinness World Records（吉尼斯世界纪录）. Her book, The Lost Cat tells the story of Snowy, a cat who got lost after going outside alone at night. She hopes the book will teach children not to go outside at night alone.
While many adult writers find inspiration for their books from life experiences, Bella’s creative vision actually came from one of her drawings. “It started off as a picture. My daddy said I could make a book and a story came from the picture,” Bella said.
Her mom, Chelsie Syme, was surprised that the book turned out as well as it did. “I am just really proud of her; I did not think it was going to go this far so I’m just proud and want to see her get the acknowledgement she deserves.”
But how do you get a child’s homemade book published According to Syme, they took Bella’s book to a book fair and found a publisher willing to take a chance on it. Syme helped Bella with proofing copies（校对本）and making necessary changes. To earn the Guinness World Record title of The World’s Youngest Published Author, female, the book has to be published by a commercial publishing house and have at least 1000 copies printed and sold. Bella’s book met the criteria, so she was awarded the title.
Besides being an accomplished author, Bella is just a regular kid who enjoys reading, swimming, and playing on her tablet. In her free time, she is currently working on a sequel（续篇）to Snowy’s story. Who knows what pearls of wisdom will come next
1. Who is Snowy
A. Bella’s pet. B. A lost child.
C. A cat in Bella’s work. D. A talented female writer.
2. What is the inspiration of Bella’s book
A. Bella’s life experiences. B. A picture she drew herself.
C. Children’s interest in animals. D. A storybook bought by her father.
3. What does the underlined word “criteria” probably mean in paragraph 4
A. Standards. B. Difficulties.
C. Forms. D. Guesses.
4. What can we infer about Bella
A. Her father is a painter. B. Her mother is strict with her.
C. She wants to help children with her book. D. She pays much attention to protecting animals.
8、人工智能控制的红绿灯
Every driver loves sailing through a series of green lights without having to stop and wait at a traffic light. Now, thanks to artificial intelligence, German researchers have found a way to reduce time spent at intersections（十字路口）.
Called the KI4LSA project and funded by the Ministry of Transport and Digital Infrastructure, the innovation is being tested. Scientists first studied algorithms（算法）taken from a busy intersection to learn about traffic patterns and where improvements were most needed. There is a great necessity to speed up waiting times at intersections as conventional methods are inflexible, according to the Fraunhofer Institute.
The new AI method uses radar sensors and high-resolution（清晰度） cameras to interpret traffic patterns in real-time. They can determine the speed of traffic as well as waiting times and combine this with self-learning algorithms. Scientists are currently trying this out at a busy intersection in Lemgo, Germany, with encouraging results.
The intelligent lights are said to improve traffic flow by 10 to 15 percent, which results in money saved; the EU estimates that traffic jams create economic damage that adds up to 100 billion euros a year. Aside from reducing commuting time, these traffic lights will reduce noise and CO2 emissions from cars idling at intersections.
Another exciting development in this research is the K14PED project, which studies pedestrians crossing intersections. Using AI, researchers can identify how many people are waiting at a pedestrian crossing and whether some of these people will need extra time to cross the street. Using a 3D points cloud, they can tell if someone has disabilities or is elderly without identifying the individual. Since pedestrian buttons that are presently at intersections cannot determine if some people have special needs or are elderly, this is a real win. Such a needs-based system could reduce pedestrian waiting time by 30 percent, which could then decrease jaywalking（乱穿马路）by 25 percent.
Testing will be done until the summer of 2022 in the German towns of Lemgo and Bielefeld, with researchers optimistic that it will be adopted by many countries. This technology is exciting news for pedestrians and drivers alike. It encourages safety, protects the environment, and may even give you more time to enjoy your morning coffee before heading off to work!
1. What is the function of AI in the KI4LSA project
A. To provide real-time information about traffic.
B. To detect road conditions and noise pollution.
C. To control traffic lights and the speed of vehicles.
D. To remind people of traffic rules at intersections.
2. What is paragraph 4 mainly about
A. Ways of improving traffic flow.
B. Advantages of the intelligent lights.
C. The development of artificial intelligence.
D. The effect of traffic jams on the environment.
3. What do we know about the K14PED project
A. It has been applied to streets in many countries.
B. It ensures pedestrians have enough time to cross the road.
C. It helps to avoid traffic accidents with a 3D points cloud.
D. It can meet the demand of pedestrians with special needs.
4. Which could be the best title for the text
A. The Bright Future of AI Technology
B. The New Traffic Service for Senior Citizens
C. Digital Traffic System: A Start to Smart Cites
D. The Intelligent Lights: A Blessing for Transportation
9、日本科研人员研发出可食用水泥
Food waste is a big problem in Japan and the world. In 2019, Japan produced 5.7 million tons of food waste. The government is working on reducing this to 2.7 million by 2030.
Now, University of Tokyo researchers in Japan have created a new technology that uses food waste in a surprising way. Student Kota Machida and Professor Yuya Sakai say the operation can turn food waste into a strong but bendable material like cement（水泥）. They say it is four times stronger than regular concrete and is sustainable. And you can eat it.
At first Sakai used wood particles with heat and pressure to create the concrete, and then he moved onto food waste with plastics mixed in. Through a process of drying, crushing, and compressing（压缩）the food waste, Sakai and his student Machida had successfully made cement from food waste without plastic. They adjusted the pressure and the temperature with simple equipment that can be bought from the Internet. “The most challenging part was that each type of food waste requires different temperatures and pressure levels,” Sakai said.
The team have used different types of food waste to make the cement, including tea leaves, orange peels, coffee grounds, and leftover lunch materials. They’ve adjusted flavors with different spices and found the colors, smell and taste of the cement can be quite appealing. To be able to eat the material, a person would need to break it into pieces and boil it. To make the cement water-resistant and protect it from being eaten by pests, it might be coated with Japanese lacquer（漆）.
Machida and his two friends have created a company called Fabula, Inc. They are working with other companies to use the material to make products for the home. “The process of creating the cement could be used to make temporary housing that can be eaten if a disaster happens. The food cement can be reused and buried in the ground if not needed without affecting the environment. If this cement could replace plastic and cement products, it may help slow global warming linked to food waste, as well,” said Machida.
What is the food waste intended for
A. Decorating houses. B. Making a construction material.
C. Extending the service life of concrete. D. Providing sustainable energy for electricity.
2. What is the most difficult part of making the cement
A. Mixing plastics with food waste. B. Compressing and heating the wood.
C. Using the equipment to dry materials. D. Regulating temperature and pressure levels.
3. Why was Japanese lacquer used
A. To reflect the strong sunlight. B. To mask the smell of the cement.
C. To make the cement’s color appealing. D. To protect the cement from water and pests.
4. What do Machida’s words focus on
A. Ways of using the cement. B. The limitations of the cement.
C. The advantages of the cement. D. Reasons for developing the cement.
10、水下雕塑公园
In the blue-green depths of the sea off the coast of Tuscany, Italy, an unusual seafloor sculpture park is defending its watery setting.
Since fisherman Paolo Fanciulli’s teens, he has been heading out daily to fish in these coastal waters along the Maremma coastline. It was in the 1980s that he began to notice the clear signs: a seabed that was becoming barren（贫瘠）, with exhausted fish stocks. Until recently, he was forced to share catches with a threatening part: illegal “bottom trawlers”（拖网捕鱼的人）, who randomly spoil a large quantity of ocean life as they fish, dragging a weighted net along the seafloor behind their boats.
Fanciulli’s style of artisanal fishing（手工捕鱼）, in contrast, needs to be sustainable as damaging the ecosystem could reduce fishermen’s income. Fanciulli understood that the success of his fishing activity was linked to the good state of the environment. “If the sea dies, so does the fisherman. You can’t just take, you have to give too,” said Fanciulli. The underwater “House of Fish” sculpture park, which was started in 2015, was encouraged by this fisherman’s desire to do something that went beyond the handful of concrete blocks he had previously convinced local authorities and some environmental groups to drop into the sea to try and stop illegal trawling.
Concrete blocks or sculptures can break weighted trawler nets. They can also play a role as artificial reefs, giving corals and other sea life a place to live, and varying shade and lighting to help species flourish. Thanks to the underwater sculptures, some species not seen in a long while such as groupers and lobsters have returned. The sculpture park represents both an artistic statement and a physical barrier to seafloor trawling.
Today, 39 huge, other-worldly stone sculptures dot the seabed along a stretch of Tuscan coastline near the town of Talamone. These artworks are already coated with algae, a sign that the natural habitat is being revived. In the immediate future, Fanciulli hopes to continue his beautiful solution in coastal waters. “Man is still destroying the seas,” he says. “And my mission continues.”
1. What poses a threat to Fanciulli’s work of artisanal fishing
A. Increasing fishermen. B. Frequent bad weather.
C. Illegal trawling industry. D. Concrete blocks on the seafloor.
2. Why does Fanciulli want to build underwater sculpture parks
A. To show his creativity in carving. B. To protect the ecosystem of the sea.
C. To boost the development of local tourism. D. To warn people against fishing in coastal waters.
3. What is paragraph 4 mainly about
A. The process of building sculpture parks. B. The results of banning seafloor trawling.
C. The roles of sculpture parks under the sea. D. The damaging effects of trawling on sea life.
4. What could be the best title of this text
A. The First Underwater Park in the World
B. Fanciulli’s Innovation in Cleaning the Ocean
C. Waters with Sculptures: Better Habitats for Fishes
D. Seafloor Parks: Artworks for Protecting Our Sea
11、藻类可做飞行燃料？
From healthy food, to a natural fertilizer, and to being used as a biofuel, the popularity of algae（藻）is increasing. Now, the first European carbon-neutral biorefinery（生物炼油厂）opened in Istanbul, Turkey, to make a number of useful products including biofuel. The refinery plans to provide a bio-jet fuel based on algae in order to reduce the dependence on non-renewable energy sources like fossil-fuels. It is a joint project by the European Union and Turkey.
Algae is actually a very diverse group of photosynthetic（光合作用）aquatic organisms. People can grow algae in almost any climate due to the open or closed tanks that are available today. As long as we can provide this natural product with enough sunlight to create photosynthesis, then it has the capability to grow quickly. What’s more, oil is formed from ancient algae deposits. Today the world’s supply of oil is limited, and it makes sense to turn to algae biofuel as an alternative.
The refinery is set up inside Bo azi i University — near the Black Sea — in a huge 2500 square-meter research and development space. The facility will be able to handle 1200 tons of algae per year. The refinery’s electricity is provided by renewable wind power. The facility has a zero-waste target and intends to be carbon-negative. The country is counting on creating bio-jet fuel which can be blended with standard jet fuel. This will help cut its dependency on energy imports as well as cut its carbon emissions.
“Switching to a structure where energy is used efficiently, the waste is minimized and recycled, and carbon footprints do not exist is a must for us. We have showed our determination on this path. We are making all preparations for the first flight using biofuel from here before the end of 2022,” Turkish energy and natural resources minister Mustafa Varank said. Turkey is showing the world that algae can be a path to going green.
1. What is the project mentioned in paragraph 1
A. Turning algae into a bio-jet fuel.
B. Producing algae-based natural fertilizer.
C. Increasing energy efficiency of fossil-fuels.
D. Reducing the carbon emissions of airplanes.
2. What does paragraph 2 mainly tell us about algae
A. Its growth cycle.
B. Its limited quantity.
C. Its species diversity.
D. Its application potential.
3. What can we infer about the refinery
A. It consumes little electricity to run.
B. It is committed to low-carbon green production.
C. It provides higher-quality fuel than standard jet fuel.
D. It aims to export bio-jet fuel to areas near the Black Sea.
4. What is Varank’s attitude towards the biofuel production in Turkey
A. Doubtful. B. Favorable. C. Indifferent. D. Disapproving.
12、自动送货机器人
Although it is a business not many are aware of, sidewalk robots are set to become an industry with annual sales of $1 billion within a decade. These four- or six-wheeled autonomous machines, usually the size of a suitcase, are already delivering groceries in America, China and Europe, which puts them ahead of many driverless cars and lorries being developed.
Those bigger vehicles are held back not by technology but regulation. This means having a “safety driver” on board ready to take over if there is a problem, which is hardly labour-saving. For these larger vehicles, regulators want to see safety systems thoroughly proved. In January 2022, Britain’s Law Commission, which reviews lawmaking, recommended that it should not be the person in the driver’s seat who faces prosecution（诉讼）if a vehicle in autonomous mode crashes, but the manufacturer or the body that sought approval for its use.
However, sidewalk robots are getting on with the job. For example, Starship Technologies, based in San Francisco, estimates it has already clocked up more than 2.5 million deliveries with robots in a number of cities, universities and business parks in Europe and America. Amazon is carrying out trials with a similar sort of machine. Kiwibot, a Colombian startup, is making sidewalk deliveries in California. Udelv, a Californian firm, is developing a larger type called Transporter to operate at highway speeds.
Sidewalk robots carry a few bags of groceries using a variety of sensors（传感器）, including cameras, radar and GPS to navigate and avoid obstacles and people. Their progress can be monitored on a phone app, which also unlocks them for goods to be removed. As they are small, move slowly and are “telemonitored”（遥控）by people in a control room who can take over, authorities seem more willing to give them a green light.
Such robots are becoming more autonomous. Being much further along the road in earning their keep, these delivery robots are helping to pave the way for the time when bigger autonomous vehicles can join them.
1. What is paragraph 2 mainly about
A. Problems caused by autonomous cars.
B. Suggestions for producing intelligent robots.
C. Challenges faced by large driverless vehicles.
D. The innovative technology of delivery vehicles.
2. Why does the author give some examples in paragraph 3
A. To prove the safety of autonomous machines.
B. To present the development of sidewalk robots.
C. To encourage the public to create more robots.
D. To show the advantages of self-driving technology.
3. What can we know about sidewalk robots
A. They are environmentally friendly.
B. They can distinguish traffic lights on the road.
C. They make deliveries faster than ordinary trucks.
D. They make it easy for people to track the delivery process.
4. Which section of a magazine is this text probably taken from
A. Sports and music. B. Business and culture.
答案： 1、ACAB
2、CCAB
3、CDAB
4、CBCD
5、BABC
6、DBBA
7、CBAC
8、ABDD
9、BDDC
10、CBCD
11、ADBB
12、CBDC