译林版（2020） 选择性必修第一册 Unit 4 Exploring Poetry Grammar and usage 课件(31张ppt)

(共31张PPT)
Section B
Grammar and usage
Vocabulary
1. emphasis
lay/put/place emphasis on sth. 强调/重视某事
emphasise（同emphasize）vt.强调；重视；着重
emphasise the importance of... 强调……的重要性
练习：One cannot __________ (emphasis) too much the potential danger of nuclear energy.
emphasise/ emphasize
2. advocate
advocate (doing) sth. 提倡（做）某事，主张（做）某事
advocate that… 提倡/主张……（从句的谓语动词用“should+动词原形”，should 可省略）
an advocate for/of… ……的支持者/拥护者
advocate后接v.-ing做宾语，不能接动词不定式做宾语。
练习：We advocate ___________ (seek) a proper solution for these frictions and problems on the basis of equal consultation (协商).
seeking
3. belief
beyond belief 令人难以置信
have belief in 相信……，信任……；怀有……信念
have/hold the belief that... 相信……
It's one's belief that… = One's belief is that… 某人相信……
believe v. 相信，认为真实
believe sb. 相信某人（的话） believe in sb. 信任某人
believe it or not 信不信由你
It is believed that... 人们相信……（It为形式主语）
练习：It is our belief _________ improvements in health care will lead to a more prosperous(繁荣的) economy.
that
Leading in
Part A
Think and finish the table
Romanticism Definition It was a (1) ________________ from the late 18th to the mid-19th century, involving (2) _______________________ and poets.
The aim To (3) ___________________ of the 18th century
To put emphasis on the importance of imagination and feeling, (4) _______________ and a return to the past
Representatives of English poets (5) ______________________________________
The common theme in Romantic poetry Celebrating the beauty of (6) ____________________
The significance The poetry of the Romantic era is one of (7) _________________
cultural movement
painters, musicians, novelists
break with the ideals
the love of nature
William Wordsworth, Samuel Taylor Coleridge, George Gordon Byron and Percy Bysshe Shelley
nature and country life
the greatest treasures in Western literature
Subjects …, celebrating the beauty of nature and country life became a common theme in Romantic poetry.
Predicatives The aim of the Romantics was to break with …
Romantic poets were often not pleased with …
… they were not always interested in …
Objects … they refused to follow rigid rules; …
Instead, they advocated going back to nature.
Complements … people were made to work long hours.
Attributives … a process called industrialization.
Adverbials Exploring the world of emotion and showing the beauty of nature, …
Grammar
动词不定式的功能
动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，在句中可以做主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语和补语等多种成分。
（1）做主语
①含义：表示具体的或一次性的动作。
②谓语动词的数：动词不定式做主语时，谓语动词通常用单数形式。
③位置：动词不定式做主语时，可位于句首，也可位于句末。（it 做形式主语）
To do such things is very foolish.
做这样的事情是很愚蠢的。
It is very interesting to play in the snow in winter.
冬天在雪地里玩是很有趣的。
注意：
不定式做主语时多数情况下可以用动名词替换，但在以下三种情况下不能替换：
①一些固定说法中；
②表示强烈的对比时；
③表示某一次具体的动作或具体的情况时。
To err is human. 人非圣贤，孰能无过。
To respect others is to be respected. 尊重别人就是尊重自己。
To finish this work in one day is impossible.
一天之内完成这项工作是不可能的。
（2）做宾语
①有些动词后常跟不定式（而不跟动词-ing形式）做宾语，如decide，afford，agree，attempt，choose，determine，demand，expect，fail，hope，manage，offer，plan，prepare，pretend，promise，refuse等。
We decided to leave early.
我们决定早点动身。
②用于“动词+ it +adj./n.+ to do sth.”结构中，其中it为形式宾语，动词不定式为真正的宾语。能用于该结构的动词有feel，find，think，believe，consider，make等。
I feel it my duty to help others.
我觉得帮助别人是我的职责。
I find it pleasant to work with him.
我发现跟他一起工作挺愉快的。
（3）做表语动词不定式置于be，become，sound，taste 等系动词后面做表语时，常表示将来的动作或起解释说明的作用，其主语常常是wish，idea，task，purpose，duty，job等表示意向、打算、计划的词。
His dream is to become an astronaut.
他的梦想是成为一名宇航员。
（4）做定语
①动词不定式做定语可表示将来的还没发生的动作。
There are still many problems to be solved before we are ready for a long stay on the moon.
在我们准备长时间待在月球上之前，还有许多要处理的问题。
②序数词、形容词最高级或the last/the only/the next等后常用动词不定式做定语。
He was the best man to do the job.
他是做这项工作的最佳人选。
③抽象名词time，way，reason，chance，courage，ability，promise，attempt等后常用动词不定式做定语。
He made a promise to come here on time tomorrow.
他许诺明天按时来这儿。
④something，nothing，anything等不定代词后常用动词不定式做定语。
Do you have anything to say
你有什么要说的吗
（5）做状语动词不定式可做目的状语、原因状语、结果状语。
To catch the first bus, he got up early.
为了赶头班车，他起得很早。（目的）
Glad to see you.
见到你很高兴。（原因）
He got to the station only to find the train had left.
他到了车站却发现火车已经开走了。（结果）
（6）做补语ask，tell，invite，get，advise，allow，want，permit， warn，order，encourage，prefer，expect，force，wish，beg等动词后可接动词不定式做补语。
My teacher encouraged me to study abroad.
我的老师鼓励我出国留学。
动词-ing形式的功能
动词-ing形式可做主语、宾语、表语、状语（时间状语、原因状语、结果状语、条件状语、让步状语、方式状语、伴随状语）、补语等。
Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。（主语、表语）
Would you mind my smoking 你介意我抽烟吗？（宾语）
Being tired, I stopped to have a rest.
我累了，于是停下来休息。（原因状语）
I saw my children taking their books to the library.
我看见我的孩子们带书去了图书馆。（补语）
动词-ed形式的功能
动词-ed形式可做表语、定语、状语、补语等。
I am tired now.
我现在累了。（表语）
fallen leaves 落叶（定语）
Given more time, I will do better.
如果给我更多的时间，我会做得更好。（状语）
I saw a whale killed by a group of killer whales.
我看见一头鲸被一群虎鲸杀死了。（补语）
Exercise
1. I remembered __________ (lock) the door before I left the office, but forgot to turn off the lights.
2. New technologies have made it possible __________ (turn) out new products faster and at a lower cost.
3. The two girls are so alike that strangers find it difficult _________ (tell) one from the other.
4. Volunteering gives you a chance __________ (change) lives, including your own.
5. People want to listen to someone who is _________ (interest), relaxed and comfortable.
to lock
to turn
to tell
to change
interesting
6. Landing on the moon's far side is extremely ___________ (challenge).
7. After high school, Jennifer attended a local technical college, _________ (work) to pay her tuition(学费), because there was no extra money set aside for a college education.
8. I was always an enthusiastic reader, sometimes ___________ (read) up to three books a day as a child.
9. One of his latest projects has been to make plants glow(发光) in experiments _________ (use) some common vegetables.
10. The hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment, __________ (allow) more patients to be treated.
challenging
working
reading
using
allowing
11. She decided to go back to college to advance her career and to be able to better support her family while _______ (do) something she loves: nursing.
12. We've all been there: in a lift, in line at the bank or on an airplane, __________ (surround) by people who are, like us, deeply focused on their smartphones or, worse, struggling with the uncomfortable silence.
13. __________ (order) over a week ago, the books are expected to arrive any time now.
14.__________ (raise) in the poorest area of Glasgow, he had a long, hard road to becoming a football star.
15.__________ (found) in the early 20th century, the school keeps on inspiring children's love of art.
doing
surrounded
Ordered
Raised
Founded
1. Romantic poets experimented with new poetic forms. They were particularly interested in it.
2. Romantic poets often mentioned the effect of beauty on the poet's imagination when they described natural scenes.
3. Poems that focus on nature often stress the moment of inspiration.
Finish B1
Romantic poets were particularly interested in experimenting with new poetic forms.
Romantic poets often mentioned the effect of beauty on the poet's imagination when describing natural scenes.
Poems focusing on nature often stress the moment of inspiration.
4. Many Romantic poems are filled with descriptions of magic and ancient themes, and contain rich sensory details.
5. Since Romantic poets were highly colourful and independent individuals, finding concerns common to all of them is sometimes difficult.
Filled with descriptions of magic and ancient themes, many Romantic poems contain rich sensory details.
Since Romantic poets were highly colourful and independent individuals, it is sometimes difficult to find concerns common to all of them.
Finish B2
leading
Growing
Educated
touring
Meeting
written
to express
to live
William Wordsworth: a (1) ____________ of the Romantic movement in England 1770 He was born in England.
1791 (2)
1795 (3)
1798 (4)
leading poet
He received his degree from Cambridge.
He met Samuel Taylor Coleridge and the two became close friends.
Lyrical Ballads, a collection of poems was published, which was Wordsworth's first great work and marked the start of the Romantic era in poetry.
Finish B3
Reading poems helps develop deep insight into what the poet wants to express. Every poem is unique to its poet and its message might first need to be discovered before it can be understood. A poem also represents what the poet was experiencing at that time, such as passion or sorrow. When I read a poem, I want to discover and understand the poet's message. So I often think about what the poet was going through at that time. Understanding the poet's thoughts and feelings opens up a whole new world for me and keeps me from getting bored.
Thank you