人教版（2019） 必修第一册 Unit 4 Natural Disasters Vocabulary单元复习课件(18张ppt)

(共18张PPT)
Revision: 必修一
Unit 4 Natural Disasters
高三一轮复习
重点词汇讲解
cause/do damage to… 对……造成伤害
1. damage vt 损害；破坏 n. 损坏；损失
搭配
派生 damaged adj. 被损坏的
damaging adj. 有害的；造成破坏的
2. affect vt. 影响；(疾病) 侵袭；深深打动
派生 affected adj. 受到影响的
affection n. 喜爱；影响；感染
搭配
be greatly/deeply affected by 被……深深打动；被……深深影响
3. ruin n. & vt. 破坏；损坏
be/lie in ruins 成为废墟；破败不堪
be a shock to sb 对某人是一个震撼
be shocked at/by 对……感到震惊
be shocked to do sth 因某事而吃惊
4. shock n. 震惊；令人震惊的事；休克 vt. (使) 震惊
搭配
派生 shocked adj. 震惊的；惊讶的
shocking adj. 令人震惊的
1. I was shocked to hear that Yuan Longping left us.
2. We were all shocked at the news of his death.
1. 听到袁隆平离开了我们，我感到很震惊。
2. 我们都对他去世的消息感到震惊。
bury sth in 把……埋到……里面
bury one’s face in hands 双手掩面
bury oneself in 埋头于；沉浸于
→be buried in 埋头于；专心于
5. bury vt. 埋葬；安葬
搭配
表示“专心于”且与“be buried in”结构类似的表达还有：
be ________ in=lose oneself in 沉迷于；全神贯注于
be __________ in= absorb oneself in 全神贯注于
be _________ to = devote oneself to致力于；献身于
lost
absorbed
devoted
1. She ___________________________ (双手掩面) and wept bitterly.
2. ________ (bury) himself in the novel, he didn’t know his mother came back.
________ (bury) in the novel, he didn’t know his mother came back.
buried her face in her hands
Burying
Buried
同样结构的：be seated, be dressed in, be caught in…..
用分词做状语翻译以下句子：
1. 由于遇上暴风雨，他们没能赶上火车。
2. 一坐下来，他就埋头于学习英语。
1. Caught in a storm, they failed to catch the train.
2. Once seated, he was buried in studying English.
6. breathe vi. & vt. 呼吸
词根 breath n. 呼吸；气息
派生 breathless adj. 气喘吁吁的
搭配
hold one’s breath 屏住呼吸
out of breath 气喘吁吁；上气不接下气
make an effort/make efforts作出努力
spare no effort to do sth 不遗余力做某事
make every effort to do sth 尽一切努力做某事
7. effort n. 努力；艰难的尝试；尽力
搭配
派生 effortless adj. 不费力的；容易的
(1) We should __________________ (不遗余力) to beautify
our planet, because it is shared by all human beings.
(2) We should _________________ (尽一切努力) to protect water resources, for we can’t live without it.
运用
make every effort
spare no effort
8. supply n. 供应(量) ；补给；［pl.］补给品 vt. 供应；供给
water/electricity/gas supply 自来水/电力/煤气供应(系统)
in short supply 供应不足；短缺
supply sb with sth= supply sth to sb给某人提供某物
搭配
派生 supplement n. 增补(物) ；增刊
provide sb with sth= provide sth for sb 给某人提供某物
offer sb sth= offer sth to sb 给某人提供某物
(1) The company decided to supply the local schools _____ multimedia equipment.
(2) He refused to supply information ___ the police.
(3) Water are still ______________ (供应不足) in many areas.
with
to
in short supply
9. survive vi. 生存；存活；继续存在
vt. 幸存；艰难度过；比……活得长
survive the accident/flood/earthquake/fire在事故/ 洪灾/地震/火灾幸免于难
派生 survivor n. 幸存者；生还者
survival n. 幸存；残存物
He survived his wife for two years.
strike twelve 敲12点
be/go on strike 罢工
be struck by/with 被……击中
It strikes sb that…＝It occurs to sb that… 某人突然想到……
the flood stricken area
10. strike vi. & vt. (struck, struck/stricken) 侵袭；突击；击打
n. 罢工；罢课；袭击
搭配
1. The child ran into the road and was struck by a car.
2. It strikes me that I forgot to hand in my homework, which makes me very anxious.
1. 那小孩跑到马路上去，被小车撞了。
2. 我突然想起我忘记交作业了，这让我很焦虑。
11. effect n. 影响；结果；效果
take effect开始起作用；见效
come/go into effect 生效
bring/put sth into effect 使……生效；实施……
greenhouse effect 温室效应
have an effect on/upon… 对……有影响
=affect
have an influence on sth.
搭配
派生 effective adj. 有效的 take effective measures to …
effectively adv. 有效地；生效地
affect vt. 影响
(1) Global warming can _____________________ (对……产生重大影响) hundreds of plant and animal species around the world.
(2) The recommendations will soon be ______________ (付诸实施).
(3) The government should take _________ (effect) measures to solve problems faced by those poor children.
运用
effective
have a great effect on
put into effect
12. on hand 现有 (尤指帮助) ；在手头；在场
hand in hand 携手；手拉手；密切合作
A go hand in hand with B A和B联系紧密
give/lend/offer a hand to sb 帮助某人
on the one hand…, on the other hand… 一方
面…… 另一方面……
联想
一词多义
( ) (1) The professor was asked to deliver a lecture on literature.
请给下列句中画线词选择一个恰当的汉语意思。
1. deliver A. vt. 递送；传递 B. vt. 发表(演说) C. vi. 履行(承诺)
D. vt. 给……接生; 生(孩子)
B
教授受邀作一场文学讲座。
( ) (2) On her birthday, he had flowers delivered to her office.
( ) (3) They rushed her to hospital where doctors delivered her baby.
( ) (4) He has promised to finish the job by June and I am sure he will deliver.
A
在她生日那天，他订了鲜花送到她办公室。
D
他们飞快地将她送到医院，医生给她接生了。
C
他答应在六月底完成这项工作，我相信他会履行诺言。
( ) (1) A snowball struck him on the back of the head.
( ) (2) Last month, the area was struck by floods.
( ) (3) They will call a strike if the demands they put forward are turned down.
B
A
一团雪球打中他的后脑勺。
上个月，那地区遭受洪灾。
2. strike A. v. 侵袭；爆发 B. v. 击打 C. n. 罢工；罢课
C
如果他们提出的要求被拒，他们将号召举行罢工。
( ) (1) Spain was an important military power in the 16th century.
D
西班牙在16世纪是一个军事强国。
3. power A. n. 控制力；影响力 B. n. 能力；力量
C. n. 动力；电力 D. n. 大国；强国
( ) (2) After the accident she lost the power of speech.
( ) (3) The social power of the news report goes beyond their expectation.
( ) (4) Many people are opposed to the use of nuclear power.
B
那次事故之后，她丧失了语言能力。
A
这篇报道的社会影响力超出了他们的预期。
C
很多人反对使用核动力。
写作句型仿写
1. (P50) Mice ran out of the fields looking for places to hide.
老鼠跑到田外，寻找藏身之所。
说明 现在分词表示主动，所表示的动作和谓语动词所表示的动作同时或者几乎同时发生，是对谓语动词所表示的动作或状态的补充说明。
句型 句子+(,) +doing sth
(1) My father was seated at the table reading newspapers.
(2) Being ill, Jane didn’t go to work yesterday.
(3) The fire lasted about three days, leaving nothing valuable.
1. 我父亲坐在桌子旁边在看报纸。
2. 由于生病，他昨天没去上班。
3. 大火烧了三天，所有有价值的东西都没留下。
2. (P50) It seemed as if the world were coming to an end!
仿佛世界末日即将来临！
句型 It seemed as if… 似乎；好像
说明 (1) 从句表示的情况是真实的或极有可能发生的，as if从句用陈述语气。
(2) 从句表示的情况是虚假的或不可能发生的，as if从句用虚拟语气。
讲现在用一般过去时态，be用were；讲过去，则用过去完成时态。
1. It seems as if it were spring already.
2. It seemed as if you didn’t want to tell us the fact.
1. 似乎已经是春天了。
2. 似乎你不想告诉我们真相。