(共41张PPT)
Unit6 When was it invented
人教新目标版 九年级上
SectionA 2d
Grammar Focus-4c公开课
Learning objectives
1．掌握下列词汇：project，pleasure，zipper，daily，have a point, bell，musical，instrument，biscuit，fridge，low。
2．根据所学内容，进一步学习运用一般过去时态的被动语态。
3．通过开展小组学习活动，培养协作意识。
Warming-up
Great inventions make our life
______________________________________
much easier and more comfortable.
What’s this
Zipper.
n. 拉链
Where can you see it
Pants, trousers, bags, backpacks, dressers, shoes, suitcase, etc.
The zipper is a small and normal invention in our daily lives.
However, we can see zippers almost everywhere!
Lead=in
Lead-in
Paul is preparing for his school project.
Roy comes to help him.
Read the conversations between them and find out something about the zipper.
project n. 课题；项目
What is the subject for their school project
2. What kind of invention does Roy think of
3. Why does Roy think it is a great invention
4. Who and when was the zipper invented
5. When did the zipper become popular
Small inventions that changed the world.
The zipper.
Because it is often used in our daily lives.
Whitcomb Judson invented it in 1893.
Around 1917.
Read 2d carefully and answer.
2d
Listen again and repeat.
Paul: Hey Roy, the subject for my school project is “Small inventions that changed the world.” Can you help me think of an invention
Roy: My pleasure! Let me think… hmm… I know! The zipper!
Paul: The zipper Is it really such a great invention
Roy: Think about how often it’s used in our daily lives. You can see zippers on dresses, trousers, shoes, bags… almost everywhere!
My pleasure!乐意效劳！
如此伟大的一项发明
在我们的日常生活
Paul: Well, you do seem to have a point…
Roy: Of course! I thought about it because I saw a website last week. The pioneers of different inventions were listed there. For example, it mentioned that the zipper was invented by Whitcomb Judson in 1893. But at that time, it wasn’t used widely.
Paul: Really So when did it become popular
Roy: Around 1917.
有道理
不同发明的先驱者
1.——Can you help me think of an invention ——My pleasure!
pleasure n. 高兴, 愉快 with pleasure 高兴地
My pleasure也可说成It’s a / my pleasure.或 A pleasure，意思是“我的荣幸；愿为你效劳；这是件愉快的事”。
take pleasure in sth.\doing sth.很高兴做=It’s a pleasure to do sth.
Language points
【活学活用】1) 我会愉快地记着这次的会晤。
2）我非常高兴和你一起学习。
I will remember this meeting with pleasure.
I take great pleasure in studying with you.=It’s a great pleasure to study with you.
2.Well, you do seem to have a point…
嗯，看来你说的确实有道理……
助动词do放在动词seem前面主要用来加强语气，“的确，确实”在谓语动词前添加助动词do表示强调的用法常见于肯定句和祈使句中。
have a point指某人的说法或想法“有道理”。
【活学活用】1) 他昨天下午的确来这儿了。
2）也许你说的有道理，但问题是我们没有选择。
He did come here yesterday afternoon.
Perhaps you have a point there, but the problem is that we don’t have a choice.
3. For example, it mentioned that the zipper was invented by Whitcomb Judson in 1893.
mention表示“提到；提及”，是及物动词，其后接名词或代词作宾语时，无需用任何介词；另外注意不接双宾语。
若后接动词，要用动名词，mention doing sth. 提到做某事
口语中Don’t mention it. 主要用来回答感谢，意为“不客气”；
有时也用来回答道歉，意为“没关系”。
【活学活用】1) 他从未向我提及他有个女朋友。
2）我一提起踢足球，他就说太忙。
He never mentioned his girl friend to me.
Whenever I mention playing football, he says he’s too busy.
Do you know how small _________ changed the world That’s the subject for my ______ ______. I want to introduce the _______. It is ______ a great invention ______ it is often ______ in our ______ _______. Zippers can ______ ______ _____ dresses, ______ , shoes, bags, almost everywhere. I have seen on a ________ that the _________ of different inventions were ______. There it ________ that the zipper was invented _____ Whitcomb Judson in 1893. But it wasn’t used _________ at that time. In around 1917, it became ___________.
inventions
school project
zipper
such
that
used
daily lives
be seen on
trousers
website
pioneers
listed
mentioned
by
widely
popular
Fill in the blanks according to the conversation.
Consolidation
Role-play the conversation.
Paul: Hey Roy, ... Can ...
Roy: My pleasure! Let … hmm… I know! The ...!
Paul: The ... Is ...
Roy: Think about .... You can ...!
Paul: Well, you …
Roy: Of course! I thought .... The .... For example, .... But ....
Paul: Really So ...
Roy: ...
Roy
Paul
Role play
Complete the following sentences.
1. 拉链是什么时候被发明的？
______ ______ the zipper ________
2. 它于1893年被发明。
It ______ _________ in 1893.
3. 它是由谁发明的？
______ _____ it invented ______
4. 是由Whitcomb Judson发明的。
It ______ _________ _______ Whitcomb Judson.
was invented
When was invented
Who was by
was invented by
Practice
5. 茶叶什么时候被带到朝鲜的？
______ ______ tea _________ to Korea
6. 是在六到七世纪之间被带到朝鲜的。
It ______ ________ to Korea ________the 6th and 7th centuries.
7. 热冰淇淋勺用来做什么？
What _____ the hot ice-cream scoop ______ ______
8. 它用来盛很凉的冰淇淋。
It’s ______ ______ ________ really cold ice-cream.
When was brought
was brought during
is used for
used for serving
9. Alexander Graham Bell于1876年发明了电话机。
Alexander Graham Bell _________ the telephone in 1876.
10. 电话机在1876年被贝尔所发明。
The telephone _______ ________ _______ Alexander Graham Bell in 1876.
invented
was invented by
Active Voice
Passive Voice
一般过去时的被动语态
句子结构
肯定句 主语 + be+ 动词过去分词 (+其他).
否定句 主语 + was / were + not + 动词过去分词 (+其他).
一般疑问句及答语 Was / Were + 主语 + 动词过去分词 (+其他)
Yes, 主语 + was / were.
No, 主语 + wasn’t / weren’t.
特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词 (不作主语) + was / were + 主语 + 动词过去分词 (+其他)
一般过去时的被动语态
e.g. These computers were made in America in 2020.
I wasn’t invited to Jack’s birthday party.
—Were the books written in English
—Yes, they were. / No, they weren’t.
When was paper invented
1. 不知道动作的执行者是谁。
2. 没有必要指出动作的执行者是谁。
3. 需要强调或突出动作的承受者时。
4. 句子的主语是动作的承受者。
5. 有些动词习惯上常用被动语态。
【注意】使用被动语态的情况
被动语态结构中应注意的几个问题:
（1）含双宾语的主动结构变被动结构时，不要忽略间接宾语前的介词。
We gave some flowers to Miss Gao on Teachers’ Day.
→ Some flowers were given to Miss Gao on Teachers’ Day.
（2）含有动词短语的主动结构变被动结构时，不要漏掉短语中的介词或副词。
We handed in our homework last Friday.
→ Our homework was handed in last Friday (by us).
（3）在含有使役动词make或感官动词（see, watch, notice, hear 等）的主动语态的句子中，这些词后常跟省略to的动词不定式，但是改为被动语态时则要把省去的to还原。
I saw him cross the road and enter the shop.
→ He was seen to cross the road and enter the shop (by me).
（4）含双宾语的主动结构变为被动结构时，既可将间接宾语转化为主语，也可将直接宾语转化为主语。若将间接宾语转化为主语，则保留直接宾语；若将直接宾语转化为主语，则保留间接宾语，且在被保留的间接宾语前加上介词to或for。
My mother gave me a pencil.
→ I was given a pencil by my mother.
→ A pencil was given to me by my mother.
（5）其他：
There be 结构没有被动语态。
Happen, rise, appear, come out, take place等不及物动词没有被动语态。
主动句中宾语为反身代词的没有被动语态。
Look, sound, smell等系动词或sell，write，wash等表示主语内在“品质”或“性能”的不及物动词可以用主动形式表被动含义。
例：这些书卖得很好。These books sell well.
1. We ________ to reach for our dreams in the graduation ceremony last week. (2021辽宁丹东)
A. encourage B. are encouraged
C. encouraged D. were encouraged
2. —________ you ________ to Jim’s birthday party last night
—Yes, I was. But I was too busy to be there. (2021辽宁朝阳)
A. Did; invited B. Were; invite
C. Was; invited D. Were; invited
D
D
3. —Eric, you _______ to go to the teachers’ office just now.
What's up
—We aren't allowed to bring phones to school. Em, but I broke the rule. (2021湖北黄冈)
A. told B. tell C. are told D. were told
4. —What a beautiful dress! Perfect for you!
—Thank you. It ______ by my mother last month. (2021湖南郴州)
A. is made B. was made C. made
D
B
5. The play Teahouse ________ by the famous Chinese writer Lao She. (2021海南)
A. wrote B. was writing C. was written
6. —Why have I never seen this kind of mobile phone
—Because it ________ by Huawei last month. (2021贵州铜仁)
A. was produced B. would produced
C. has produced D. are produced
C
A
Rewrite the sentences using the passive voice.
1. They sold the fridge at a low price.
__________________________________________________
The fridge was sold at a low price.
n. 冰箱
adj. 低的;矮的
2. Somebody stole my camera from my hotel room.
__________________________________________________
My camera was stolen from my hotel room (by somebody).
pron. 某人 n. 重要人物
3. Where did you take these photos
___________________________________________________
4. Our parents advised us not to go out alone.
___________________________________________________
5. Different writers translated the book into different languages.
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
Where were these photos taken
We were advised by our parents not to go out alone.
The book was translated into different languages by different writers.
v. 翻译
Our parents advised us not to go out alone．
我们的父母建议我们不要单独外出。
advise v. 劝告；建议
advise sb. about / on sth. 就某事向某人提出建议
advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事
advise sb. not to do sth. 建议某人不要做某事
advise doing sth. 建议做某事
【语境应用】完成句子。
1) 我们可以就教育方面的事情向他们提出建议。
We can ________ _______ _________ education.
2) 他建议等到明天。
He ________ ________ until tomorrow.
advised waiting
advise them about/on
alone, lonely
alone adj. 单独的；独自的 不能用于名词前，强调一人的客观状态，只陈述一个客观事实，在句中作表语。
adv. 单独；独自；孤单地 相当于by oneself，在句中作状语。
lonely adj. 孤单的；寂寞 可作表语也可作定语，强调心理状态和主观感受，突出感到孤独和寂寞。
【语境应用】用alone或lonely完成句子。
1) My sister is _______ in the classroom now. She is finishing her painting.
2) Dale is shy and always feels _______ because he has few friends.
3) At heart, Mrs. Smith is a(n) _______ woman.
4) I don’t like going out _______ at night.
alone
alone
lonely
lonely
【语境应用】
根据首字母的提示补全单词，使句子完整、通顺。将完整的单词写在答题卷上。[2020新疆]
The young man has no friends here, so he feels l________.
将下列句子翻译成英语。[2020四川内江]
他太小了不能独自去那儿。
lonely
He is too young to go there alone.
1. You ____________ to the party last night, weren’t you Why didn’t you go
2. The earthquake happened all of a sudden,
but luckily the villagers ____________ to a safe place.
were invited
eat, like, invite, tell, lock, ring, break, bring
were brought
Complete the sentences with correct forms of the verbs in the box.
v. 锁上 n. 锁
突然;猛地
v. (使)发出钟声或铃声；打电话
3. The door __________ when we arrived, so we __________ the bell.
4. The students ___________ not to eat or drink in class, but Ruby __________ the rule when she started eating a biscuit in science class.
5. The cookies __________ by the hungry kids in less than 20 minutes, and they really __________ them.
was locked
rang
broke
were told
were eaten
liked
n. 钟声;铃声
n. 饼干
n. 曲奇饼
eat, like, invite, tell, lock, ring, break, bring
The telephone ____________ (invent) by Alexander Graham Bell. He ____________ (born) in 1847. Mr. Bell __________ (work) on the invention of the telephone with Thomas Watson. In 1875, Mr. Bell _________ (learn) how to send musical notes through an instrument similar to a telephone.
was born
was invented
worked
Decide whether active or passive forms should be used in these sentences. Write the correct forms in the blanks.
learned
adj. 音乐的;有音乐天赋的
n. 仪器;工具
Finally, the telephone ___________ (invent) in 1876. The first sentence that ________ (say) on the telephone by Mr. Bell was “Mr. Watson, come here; I want to see you.” Today the telephone ________ (use) around the world.
was invented
was said
is used
Top 10 “inventions” that changed the world
3. The Bar code (条形码)
4. TV Dinners (冷冻快餐)
5. PlayStation
(家庭电视机游戏)
1. GPS Technology
2. The Sony Walkman
8. Electronic Money
7. Text messages
9. Microwaves
10. Trainers
6. Social Networking
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