2022-2023学年鲁教版（五四制）八年级上册Unit 4 An old man tried to move the mountains. 单元练习（含解析）

2022-2023学年鲁教版（五四制）英语八年级上册
Unit 4单元练习
一、单项选择（下列题目的四个选项中只有一个是符合题意的。）
1．I cleaned the room by myself because ________ helped me.
A．somebody B．anybody C．nobody D．everybody
2．Yesterday he got up ________ late ________ he missed the bus.
A．such; that B．enough; to C．so; that D．too; to
3．Bing Dwen Dwen (冰墩墩), the mascot (吉祥物) of the 2022 Winter Olympics (冬奥会), is ________ cute ________ everyone loves it.
A．so; that B．such; that C．too; to D．enough; to
4．—Does that sweater ________ Lucy
—Sure. She looks really nice on it.
A．hit B．keep C．fix D．fit
5．Her son is ________ young ________ dress himself.
A．so;that B．too;to C．such;that D．enough;to
6．You won’t feel happy at school ________ you get on well with your classmates.
A．because B．unless C．when D．though
7．Our teachers were very happy because _________ failed the exam.
A．somebody B．anybody C．nobody D．someone
8． I thought the film The Battle at Changjin Lake would be boring. ________, it’s wonderful.
A．At first B．Instead of C．In fact D． fact
9．It was rainy yesterday, so we watched English movies at home ________ going to the park.
A．in front of B．instead of C．across from D. across
10．—I’m worried about tomorrow’s talent show.
—Come on! If you don’t believe in yourself, ________ will.
A．everybody B．anybody C．nobody D．somebody
11．John, please keep your ________ down when talking. I’m writing a report.
A．voice B．sound C．noise D．sight
12．Ice can _________ water easily in summer.
A．turn on B．turn down C．turn over D．turn into
13．—Could you go to see the film with me tonight
—I won’t go ________ you pay for the ticket.
A．if B．unless C．so D．because
14．—Have you watched the “Night of Museums” light show in Wuhan
—Yes. Through AR technologies, the buildings along Yangtze River are __________ an enormous canvas (巨幅画卷).
A．turned into B．turned off C．turned down D．turned on
15．At this moment, ________ can help you with the trouble. Only you are there, alone!
A．everybody B．somebody C．anybody D．nobody
二、阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺，意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。
meal, health, because, good, problem, from, they, why, eat, for
Once there lived a king with a kind heart. But the people weren’t happy with their king. That was ____1____ the king was too lazy, and wouldn’t do anything except ____2____ and sleeping. Then the king found that he couldn’t even move his body. He became very fat and felt uncomfortable. He invited lots of doctors to come and they all tried ____3____ best to make him healthy. However, no one could help him though he spent lots of money. One day, an old doctor visited the country, and heard about the king’s ____4____. He said he could help the king if the king could meet him in his place. In order to keep ____5____, the king agreed. The doctor lived far away ____6___ the king. After walking for a long time, the king met the doctor. The doctor encouraged him, and said he would become healthy very soon. He asked the king to come here every day. And he would offer the king some delicious ____7____ if he came here on foot.
However, every time the king came, the doctor was busy and had no time to prepare the meal. Two weeks passed. The king never had the delicious meals.
Suddenly, the king found that he lost a lot of weight. And he felt much ____8____ than before. He understood ___9____ the doctor asked him to reach his place by walking every day. Very soon, the king was healthy. And he also knew that eating too much and without doing exercise is bad ____10____ our health.
三、从选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项补全对话（选项中有两项是多余的）。
A: How’s everything going, Kelly
B: ____ ____
A: ____ ____
B: I usually play basketball in the gym.
A: What’s your favorite sport
B: My favorite sport is basketball. ____ ____
A: Sounds great! ____ ____
B: Three times.
A: ____ ____
B: Thanks a lot.
A．I want to be a basketball player.
B．Pretty good.
C．How often do you play it
D．How many times a week do you play it
E．Where are you going
F．What do you usually do in your spare time
G．I hope your dream will come true.
四、完形填空
One day some animals got together in the forest. They were talking about which animal was the ___1___. The pig said, “Pigs are the greatest because we have many ___2___. I have twelve healthy little pigs.” He asked the sheep,” ___3___ babies do you have ”
The sheep answered, “Two.” Everyone __4___.A snake walked by and said,” I have fifty!” “So what ” said another animal. Everyone turned around and saw a ___5___. The snake asked the lion, “___6___ do you say so You only have one.”
The lion said, “I only have one, ___7___ it is a lion. Only a lion can be the king of the forest. So lions are the best!”
The other animals couldn’t think of ___8___ to say. They had many babies, but ___9___ of them could ever be as strong as a lion. “One valuable(有价值的)thing,” said the lion, “is ____10____ better than a hundred common ones.”
1．A．worst B．best C．shortest D．tallest
2．A．babies B．houses C．friends D．brothers
3．A．How much B．How often C．How many D．How long
4．A．cried B．left C．forgot D．laughed
5．A．lion B．tiger C．panda D．giraffe
6．A．how B．why C．when D．where
7．A．if B．so C．but D．or
8．A．something B．everything C．nothing D．anything
9．A．someone B．anyone C．none D．everyone
10．A．little B．much C．lot D．few
五、阅读理解
One day a big red hen is playing with her chickens in the garden. After some time, she wants to eat something and she takes out her chickens to look for food.
When they are eating, she finds a grain of wheat(小麦). So she asks her chickens to plant it in the back garden. But no one wants to do it. The big red hen has to do it herself.
After a few months, they get a lot of wheat. She says to her chickens, “Who will take the wheat to the store to get some flour(面粉) ” But they don’t want to do it. So she takes the wheat to the store and brings the flour home.
After she gets home, she says,” Who will make some bread with the flour “They all say they are too busy to do it.
When she makes the bread, she says to her chickens,” Who wants to eat the bread ”
“I will,” they say. “No, you can’t. You don’t want to do anything before I make the bread. You must know ‘No pains, no gains’.”She doesn’t give any bread to her chickens and she eats the bread herself.
1．Why does the hen want to plant the grain of wheat
A．Because she has nothing to do. B．Because she wants her chickens to do everything.
C．Because she wants to get lots of wheat. D．Because she doesn’t want to play with her chickens.
2．________ take(s) the wheat to the store.
A．The chickens B．The big red hen
C．One of her chickens D．The big red hen and her chickens
3．Why doesn’t the big hen give any bread to her chickens
A．Because they aren’t at home. B．Because she doesn’t like them.
C．Because they don’t do anything. D．Because they don’t want to eat it.
4．The best title of the passage may be “________”.
A．The Bread B．The Wheat C．The Big Red Hen D．No pains, no gains
六、书面表达
因为全球新冠疫情的影响，人们的健康状态得到了重视。假如你是张涛，你的班级上周举行了班会，对学生的健康情况进行讨论。你的好朋友李磊对此很感兴趣，请根据以下同学们调查结果给李磊写一封回信，倡导保持健康，并对中学生如何保持健康提出具体建议。
写作要点：1. 表达收到来信时兴奋的心情。
2. 介绍调查问卷结果：
（1）学生们中的55%能有规律地（regularly）吃早餐；
（2）学生们中的25%坚持体育运动；
（3）学生们中的20%一周最多使用电脑3-4次。
3. 对中学生保持健康提出具体建议。
写作要求：1. 不得使用真实的姓名和学校名。
2. 可适当加入细节，使内容充实，行文连贯。
3. 字迹工整，语言精练，表达准确，条理清晰。
4. 至少80词。
Dear Li Lei,
How are you doing __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Best wishes!
Yours,
Zhang Tao
参考答案
一、1．C
【解析】句意：我自己打扫了房间，因为没有人帮我。
考查不定代词辨析。somebody某人；anybody任何人；nobody没有人；everybody所有人。根据“I cleaned the room by myself because...helped me.”和选项可知，“我”独自打扫房间是因为没有人来帮“我”。故选C。
2．C
【解析】句意：昨天他起得太晚，没赶上公共汽车。
考查结果状语从句。such; that如此……以至于，such后跟名词或者名词短语；enough; to足够……去；so; that如此……以至于，so后跟形容词或者副词；too; to太……而不能；根据“Yesterday he got up …late …he missed the bus.”可知，late为副词，“he missed the bus”为句子，使用so…that引导结果状语从句。故选C。
3．A
【解析】句意：2022年冬奥会的吉祥物冰墩墩是如此可爱以至于每个人都很喜爱它。
考查从属连词辨析。so...that...如此……以至于……（so后修饰形容词/副词）；such...that...如此……以至于……（such后修饰名词）；too...to do sth.太……而不能做某事；enough (...) to do sth.足够（……）能做某事。第二个空后为句子，因此选that从句，排除CD；cute为形容词，故选A。
4．D
【解析】句意：——那件毛衣适合露西吗？——当然。她穿上它真的很好看。
考查动词辨析。hit打；keep保持；fix修理；fit适合。根据“Does that sweater…Lucy ”可知，此处指毛衣是否适合露西。故选D。
5．B
【解析】句意：她的儿子太小了而不能自己穿衣服。
考查固定搭配。so...that...“如此……以致于”，so+形容词+that从句；too...to...“太而不能”，too+形容词+to do sth.；such...that...“如此……以致于”，such+a/an+adj.+名词+that从句；enough...to...“足够……做某事”，adj.+enough+to do sth。根据句意，她的儿子太小了而不能自己穿衣服。young“年轻的”，第一个空可用too；dress himself“给他自己穿衣服”，是动词词组，第二个空用to。故选B。
6．B
【解析】句意：在学校里除非你和同学们相处的很好你才会感到开心。
考查连词辨析。because 因为，引导原因状语从句；unless除非，如果不，引导条件状语从句；when当……时候，引导时间状语从句；though虽然，尽管，引导让步状语从句。“you get on well with your classmates.”是“You won’t feel happy at school”的否定条件，应用unless引导条件状语从句，故选B。
7．C
【解析】句意：我们的老师很高兴，因为没有人考试不及格。
考查不定代词。somebody某人；anybody任何人；nobody没有人；someone某人。根据“Our teachers were very happy because…failed the exam.”可知，老师高兴的原因是没有人考试不及格。故选C。
8．C
【解析】句意：我原以为《长津湖之战》这部电影会很无聊。事实上，它很精彩。
考查介词短语。At first首先；Instead of代替；In fact事实上。根据“I thought the film The Battle at Changjin Lake would be boring”和“it’s wonderful”可知，事实情况和原本想的情况相反，此时应用in fact“事实上，实际上”。故选C。
9．B
【解析】句意：昨天下雨了，所以我们在家里看英语电影而不是去公园。
考查介词短语辨析。in front of在……前面；instead of而不是，后面加动词时要用动名词；across from在……对面。这里表达的是因为下雨，在家看英语电影而不是去公园。故选B。
10．C
【解析】句意：——我担心明天的才艺表演。——加油，如果你不相信你自己，没有人会相信你。
考查不定代词。everybody每个人；anybody任何人；nobody没有人。根据“If you don’t believe in yourself”及“...will”可知空格处没有人会相信。故选C。
11．A
【解析】句意：约翰，说话时请小声点。我在写报告。
考查名词辨析。voice嗓音，说话声；sound声音；noise噪音；sight视力。根据“ please keep your ....down when talking. I’m writing a report.”可知，空处指说话声小点，故选A。
12．D
【解析】句意：冰在夏天很容易变成水。
考查动词短语。turn on打开；turn down拒绝；turn over翻转；turn into变成。根据“Ice can...water ”可知是指冰变为水，故选D。
13．B
【解析】句意：——今晚你能和我一起去看电影吗？——我不会去除非你付票钱。
考查连词辨析。if如果；unless除非；so因此；because因为。根据“you pay for the ticket”是和对方一起去看电影的条件，此处表示否定的条件，用unless。故选B。
14．A
【解析】句意：——你看过武汉的“博物馆之夜”灯光秀吗？——是的。通过AR技术，长江沿岸的建筑变成了一幅巨幅画卷。
考查动词短语辨析。turned into变成；turned off关闭；turned down调低；turned on打开。根据“the buildings along Yangtze River are…an enormous canvas”可知，由于灯光的照射，沿岸的建筑物都变成了一幅巨幅画卷。故选A。
15．D
【解析】句意：此刻，没人能帮你解决麻烦。只有你独自一人在那里。
考查复合不定代词辨析。everybody每个人；somebody某个人；anybody任何人；nobody没有人。根据“Only you are there, alone!”只有你独自一人在那里，可知没人能帮你。故选D。
二、1．because 2．eating 3．their 4．problem 5．healthy 6．from 7．meals 8．better 9．why 10．for
【导语】本文主要讲述了一个肥胖的国王减肥的故事。
1．句意：那是因为国王太懒了，除了吃饭和睡觉，他什么也不做。根据“But the people weren’t happy with their king”可知，此处解释人们不喜欢国王的原因，用because引导原因状语从句。故填because。
2．句意：那是因为国王太懒了，除了吃饭和睡觉，他什么也不做。根据“and wouldn’t do anything except...and sleeping.”可知，国王很懒，除了吃和睡什么都不做，eat“吃”符合语境，expect是介词，其后加动名词，故填eating。
3．句意：他邀请了许多医生来，他们都尽他们最大的努力使他健康。此处指“lots of doctors”，是复数含义，用于“try one’s best to do sth”短语中，使用形容词性物主代词，故填their。
4．句意：一天，一位老医生来到这个国家，听说了国王的问题。根据“He said he could help the king”可知，听说了国王的问题，说能帮到他，故填problem。
5．句意：为了保持健康，国王同意了。根据前文“make him healthy”可知，为了保持健康，keep healthy“保持健康”，故填healthy。
6．句意：医生住得离国王很远。far away from“离……很远”，固定短语。故填from。
7．句意：如果国王步行来这里，他会给国王提供一些美味的食物。根据“And he would offer the king some delicious”可知，是提供美味的食物，用形容词delicious修饰名词meal，不止一顿饭，用名词的复数形式，故填meals。
8．句意：他感觉比以前好多了。根据“Suddenly, the king found that he lost a lot of weight. And he felt much...than before.”可知，国王瘦了很多，所以比之前感觉更好，故填better。
9．句意：他明白了为什么医生要他每天步行去他的地方。根据“He understood...the doctor asked him to reach his place by walking every day.”可知，国王明白了为什么医生会这么做，故填why。
10．句意：他也知道吃太多，不做运动对我们的健康是不利的。根据“without doing exercise”可知不运动对健康不好，此处是be bad for短语，意为“对……不好”，故填for。
三、BFADG
【导语】本文主要是一则关于最喜欢的运动的对话。
1．根据“How’s everything going, Kelly ”可知，此空回答近况如何。选项B“相当好”符合语境。故选B。
2．根据“I usually play basketball in the gym.”可知，此空询问通常做什么。选项F“你在业余时间通常做什么？”符合语境。故选F。
3．根据“My favorite sport is basketball.”可知，此空内容与篮球有关，表达自己对未来的展望。选项A“我想成为一名篮球运动员。”符合语境。故选A。
4．根据“Three times.”可知，此空询问次数。选项D“你一周打几次？”符合语境。故选D。
5．根据“Thanks a lot.”可知，此空表达祝愿。选项G“我希望你的梦想会实现。”符合语境。故选G。
四、BACDA BCDCB
本文主要讲述了一群动物在讨论谁是最好的，狮子告诉它们：有价值的东西比一百个普通的事物更有价值。
1．句意：他们在讨论哪种动物最好。
worst最坏的；best最好的；shortest最矮的；tallest最高的。根据“Pigs are the greatest”可知，谈论谁是最好的，故选B。
2．句意：猪说:“猪是最伟大的，因为我们有很多孩子。
babies孩子；houses房子；friends朋友；brothers兄弟。根据“I have twelve healthy little pigs.”可知，有很多孩子，故选A。
3．句意：他问羊：“你有几个孩子？”
How much多少，修饰不可数名词；How often多久；How many多少，修饰可数名词；How long多长时间。根据“The sheep answered, Two.”可知，询问有多少孩子，故选C。
4．句意：大家都笑了。
cried哭泣；left离开；forgot忘记；laughed笑。根据“The sheep answered, Two.”可知，每个动物都笑了，故选D。
5．句意：大家都转过身来，看到了一头狮子。
lion狮子；tiger老虎；panda熊猫；giraffe长颈鹿。根据“The snake asked the lion”可知，看见一只狮子，故选A。
6．句意：蛇问狮子:“你为什么这么说 你只有一个。”
how如何；why为什么；when什么时候；where哪里。根据“You only have one.”可知，询问原因，故选B。
7．句意：狮子说:“我只有一个，但它是一只狮子。
if如果；so所以；but但是；or或者。根据“Only a lion can be the king of the forest. So lions are the best!”可知，前后两句是转折关系，故选C。
8．句意：其他的动物也不知道说什么好。
something某物；everything一切；nothing什么都没有；anything某物，根据“to say”可知，说不出话，not...anything=nothing，故选D。
9．句意：他们生了很多孩子，但没有一个能像狮子一样强壮。
someone某人；anyone任何人；none没有；everyone每个。根据“them could ever be as strong as a lion.”可知，没有动物比狮子更强壮，故选C。
10．句意：“一件有价值的东西，”狮子说，“比一百个普通的东西好得多。”
little少；much更；lot许多；few几乎没有。根据“better than a hundred common ones.”可知，有价值的东西比一百个普通的事物更有价值，故选B。
五、CBC D
本文讲述了一只母鸡通过一系列的行为让孩子们懂得“不劳无获”这个道理的故事。
1．细节理解题。根据“...After a few months, they get a lot of wheat.”可知，因为母鸡想得到更多的小麦，故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据“Who will take the wheat to the store and get some flour...So she takes the wheat to the store and brings the flour home.”可知，是母鸡自己带着小麦去商店，故选B。
3．细节理解题。根据“No, you can’t. You don’t want to do anything before I make the bread. You must know ‘No pain, no gain’.”可知，因为小鸡们之前没有劳动，所以不能吃面包，故选C。
4．最佳标题题。根据“You must know ‘No pain, no gain(不劳无获)’.”及整个文章的理解可知，主要是一只母鸡通过一系列的行为让孩子们懂得“不劳无获”这个道理，故选D。
六．例文：
Dear Li Lei,
How are you doing I am so happy to hear from you. We made a survey of what we have for breakfast last week. Here is the result of our survey.
We find that 55% of the students have breakfast regularly. Therefore, they are healthy and energetic all day. Moreover, a quarter of the students keep doing exercise. That is why they are much healthier. The rest 20% of the students use the computer 3-4 times a week at most.
As for us, we should pay great attention to our health. We should eat healthy food. Don’t eat junk food. Instead, eat bread, noodles, fresh vegetables and fruit more often. In addition, we need to do exercise every morning. It’s good for our bodies. Keeping healthy is important for us.
Best wishes!
Yours,
Zhang Tao
【解析】1. 题干解读：本文是一封书信作文。针对班上学生健康情况的调查结果进行写作，包括收到来信时兴奋的心情，调查情况分析，以及中学生如何保持健康。具体的内容要包含所给的提示。
2. 写作指导：本文采用一般现在时和一般过去时，人称以第一人称和第三人称为主。第一段开头已给出，可以接着介绍收到来信时兴奋的心情和调查的整体说明；第二段针对调查结果进行详细分析；最后一段提出自己的建议。写作时保持主谓一致性，做到无语法和标点错误。