中考英语阅读理解专项练习（含答案）

阅读理解
China is a country with many colorful days and festivals. Dragon Head Raising Day (Longtaitou) is one of them.
This special day is on the second day of the second month in the Chinese lunar calendar (阴历). It stands for (代表) the start of spring and farming. This year the day falls on February 24.
The dragon is important in Chinese culture. We Chinese people call ourselves the “descendants (后代) of the dragon”. Therefore, people celebrate Dragon Head Raising Day with many customs about dragons.
On the day in ancient times, people put ashes (灰烬) in the kitchen. This was to “lead the dragon into the house”. People believed that with the help of the dragon, they could have a good harvest (收获) in autumn.
Also, people eat special foods on the day. The foods are usually named after dragons. For example, people eat “dragon whisker (须)” noodles and dumplings called “dragon teeth”.
Today many customs have faded away (逐渐消失). But one that has remained (保留) is the cutting of hair. It is said that a haircut during the first lunar month may bring bad luck to the mothers, brothers. So many people have their hair cut on Dragon Head Raising Day.
1．Dragon Head Raising Day is one of the ________ festivals.
A．English B．French C．Chinese D．Japanese
2．________ is Dragon Head Raising Day this year.
A．February 10 B．February 24 C．February 4 D．February 5
3．On the day in ancient times, why did people put ashes in the kitchen
A．Because the dragon liked the ashes.
B．Because the ashes stood for the harvest.
C．Because the ashes led the dragon into the house.
D．Because the ashes stood for the happiness.
4．One custom that has remained is ________ the passage.
A．the cutting of hair B．dragon boat racing
C．eating zongzi D．eating dumplings
5．Which of the following is NOT true
A．Dragon Head Raising Day is on the second day of the second month in the Chinese lunar calendar.
B．The dragon is important in Chinese culture.
C．Dragon Head Raising Day stands for the start of spring and harvest.
D．So many people have their hair cut on Dragon Head Raising Day.
Richard Turere has always enjoyed making things using old objects. For example, when he was quite young, he made fans (风扇) for his parents’ house from car parts and things he found in the yard.
Richard lives near the Nairobi National Park in Kenya. It is home to rhinos, giraffes, lions and many other animals that live in Kenya (肯尼亚).
When he was nine, Richard began to look after his family’s cows and sheep. The big problem was the lions. “I grew up hating lions,” says Richard. “They used to come at night and feed on our cows when we were sleeping.”
Then one night, as he was walking around the cowshed (牛棚) with a flashlight in his hand, he noticed something. “That day the lions didn’t come.” Richard realized that lions are scared of a moving light, so he had an idea. Using some used parts from a car and a motorcycle (摩托车), Richard set up some flashing lights to trick the lions into thinking that people were walking around the cowshed. The lions didn’t come near. Soon other families were using his “lion lights”.
Richard’s lion lights cost just ten dollars to make. They have not only helped the farmers but also the lions. Many lions have been killed by farmers trying to protect their animals. Now, across Kenya, Richard’s idea has been used by farmers to protect their animals.
Richard has been accepted into one of Kenya’s top schools. “One year ago, I was just a boy looking after my father’s cows. Now I want to be an engineer or a pilot.”
6．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refer to
A．A house. B．A park. C．A yard. D．An animal.
7．Richard got the idea of making “lion lights” when he was _________.
A．sleeping B．feeding cows
C．playing with a flashlight D．walking around the cowshed
8．Richard’s “lion lights” are _________.
A．a bit expensive B．difficult to make
C．helpful to both farmers and lions D．popular in other African countries
9．Which of the following is TRUE about Richard
A．He made fans for his neighbors when he was young.
B．He thought it was boring to work on the farm.
C．He enjoys visiting the Nairobi National Park.
D．He studies in one of Kenya’s top schools.
10．What’s the best title of the passage
A．Young boy, big invention B．Richard Turere’s dream
C．Farmers’ life in Kenya D．The dangers of lions
Of all the inventions of the last century, none has changed our lives more than the computer.
A German named Konrad Zuse is considered to be the inventor of the computer. In 1941, he built the world’s first computer that was controlled by programs. It was used to do difficult math problems.
From 1937 to 1942, a teacher and a student from Iowa State University in the United States worked on a new computer. It was the world’s first electronic digital computer (电子数字计算机). It was the size of a desk and weighed over 700 pounds. That is the weight of a strong bear!
In 1946, two inventors worked together and built an even bigger and better computer. They called it ENLAC．It filled a huge room and weighed 30 tons, or about as heavy as 5 elephants. It used lots of electricity and needed a way to help keep it cool.
In 1947, the transistor (晶体管) was invented. This make it possible to build a smaller computer. The invention of integrated circuits (集成电路) then took the jobs of many electronic parts and put them into one part.
Then microprocessors (微处理器) were invented, which took lots of integrated circuits and put them into one microchip (微芯片). These improvements led to the computers we use today. But scientists still developed other inventions to make the computer do different things and easier to use.
Computers paved the way for the Internet, a whole new way of communicating. Web-pages, e-mails, and high-speed Internet connections soon followed. These things made communicating with people all over the world easy. What might computers do in the future What will be invented then
阅读短文回答下列问题：
11．What do we know about the first program-controlled computer
A．It was invented in 1944.
B．In was built by two Americans.
C．It was an electronic digital computer.
D．It was used to do difficult math problems.
12．The computer ENIAC was as heavy as ___________.
A．70 pounds B．30 tons C．an elephant D．a strong bear
13．The invention of transistors made it possible to _________.
A．send e-mails B．create webpages
C．connect the world better D．build smaller computers
14．The underlined words “paved the way” in the last paragraph mean “________” in Chinese.
A．提供模型 B．设定目标 C．创造条件 D．筹集资金
15．What’s the passage mainly about
A．History of the computer. B．Inventors of the computer.
C．Use of the computer in life. D．Importance of the computer.
To change their city’s bad traffic, students at the National Polytechnic Institute of Cambodia (NIPC) have designed a new type of manned (载人的) plane. It is from a rather usual furniture—a school chair. The group hope to use it to carry people around capital city and even help fight fires.
With eight propellers (螺旋桨) and a school chair for the pilot’s seat, the plane was developed on the outskirts (郊区) of the capital.
“We wanted to solve some problems for our society by making a taxi plane and…inventing for firefighters,” said Lonh Vannsith, 21, the pilot of the plane. They hoped it could reach the upper floors of a building to bring a hose (软管) where a fire truck could not reach.
It took three years of research and development and cost around $20,000 to build. The plane can carry a 60- kilogram pilot and fly for about 10 minutes for a distance of 1 km. When manned, the plane now only rises to as much as four meter. The team plans to improve the design to allow it to take more weights, as well as fly further and more smoothly at a higher level.
“The project faced delay (延期) because of the international transport. Many parts of the plane had to be ordered from abroad,” said Sarin Sereyvatha, who is NPIC’s head of research and development technology.
“Generally, if we make one plane, the cost is expensive but if we make them to sell on the market, the cost will go down,” said Sarin.
16．The passage tells us the invention of ________.
A．a new school chair B．a manned plane
C．a fire fighting truck D．a kind of pilot’s seat
17．What Lonh Vannsith says shows the ________ of creating the invention.
A．course B．purpose C．technology D．problem
18．Paragraph 5 talks about ________.
A．how the invention works B．what difficulty the project met with
C．what the project is called D．how long the work will be delayed
19．From the passage, we know that the invention is ________.
A．still on its way B．popular in Cambodia
C．widely used now D．liked by firefighters
A four-year-old girl is lying in the arms of a doctor. She has just lost her mother. Her pink clothes are full of blood and her eyes look at something only she can see.
Every day we see pictures like this on our televisions. We see Iraqi (伊拉克的) children begging for food and water from American and British soldiers as they move through towns and cities towards the capital, Baghdad (巴格达). We see these children following parents, carrying bags of almost the same size as their small bodies as they escape from their homes in Baghdad.
They show just some of the young lives that have been turned upside down by ongoing war and the terrible price paid by Iraqi children.
“Dad, why are the Americans fighting against us Are we going to be killed ” asks the son of Abu Singar, an Iraqi engineer. Abu finds it hard to explain this war to his eight-year-old son.
He tries to make him feel safe by saying, “The bombs (炸弹) are far away from us. The Americans are fighting the soldiers. We’re going to be all right.” Even though Abu knows it isn’t always true, little else can be done. In Baghdad, parents give their children sleeping pills to try and let them escape from the sound of bombs. And all the schools are closed.
Not things are worse, and the ongoing war makes it impossible to count the number who are hungry, sick, hurt or even dead.
20．What happens to the children in Iraq because of the war
A．The children will get better than before.
B．The children beg for food and water from American and British soldiers.
C．The children in Iraq go away from their homes in Baghdad.
D．The children live a most terrible life.
21．What does the word “ongoing'” mean in Chinese
A．正在进行的 B．非正义的 C．未授权的 D．影响恶劣的
22．The father doesn’t tell the true thing to his child because ________.
A．he wants to make his child not feel dangerous
B．he and his child are afraid to lose each other in the war
C．he doesn’t want his child to believe American soldiers
D．he will lose his country and his home
23．The war in Iraq tells us that ________.
A．the Iraqi people in the war are much hungrier and worse
B．we should help the Iraqi people build their country again
C．nothing can be done except fighting
D．both A and B
24．What would be the best title (标题) for the report
A．Iraqi Children during the War B．Sickness, Death in Iraqi
C．America and England Fight against Iraq D．A Girl in the War in Iraq
What will you be doing when you are 26 years old Studying at university or working for a living Take a look at what Albert Einstein was doing at the age of 26.
100 years ago, Einstein was working in Switzerland. His hobby was physics. Without much money or help, he wrote five papers (论文) for a physics magazine. Three of these greatly changed the study of physics and our understanding of space, time, light and matter (物质). His most famous work is on the Theory of Relativity (相对论). Einstein was given the Nobel Prize (诺贝尔奖) for his discoveries. Although he did many other things later, the years 1905 has been called Einstein’s “Year of Wonders (奇迹)”. It has been more than 110 years since then. Because of this, the UN has named 2005 the World Year of Physics.
Fifty years after Einstein’s death, a question is asked, “Will there ever be another Einstein ” It may take a long time. After all, Einstein was born more than 200 years after Sir Isaac Newton, another great scientist. Besides, physics is a different field (领域) now, and education is different, too. Even if you can’t be the next great scientist, it is still helpful to remember some of the things that made Einstein great. He thought independently (独立地) and read widely. He left us with a formula (公式) for life: If A is a success in life, then A=X+Y+Z. X is work; Y is play; and Z is keeping your mouth shut.
25．The year 1905 is known as Einstein’s “Year of Wonders” because ________.
A．Einstein was working in Switzerland in 1905
B．Einstein was 26 years old in 1905
C．Einstein made some very important discoveries in 1905
D．Einstein studied physics in 1905
26．Why hasn’t there been another scientist as great as Einstein
A．Because the study of physics is not enough.
B．Because it is hard to make important discoveries as Einstein did.
C．Because people don’t work hard any more.
D．Because physics is getting more and more difficult.
27．The UN has named 2005 the World Year of Physics because ________.
A．Einstein is 100 years old this year
B．Einstein has been dead for 50 years
C．there have been other great discoveries after Einstein’s death
D．it is the 100th year since Einstein’s “Year of Wonders”
28．What does Einstein’s formula of success mean
A．Success means years of hard work.
B．Success means all study and no play.
C．Success means working hard, relaxing and not talking too much.
D．Success is a secret that nobody knows.
Jane was not a confident girl before, because she was fat and others often laughed at her. As a result, Jane became very shy. She was afraid to say hello to strangers. She was afraid to ask simple questions and speak loud in front of others. It seemed that she felt afraid of everything in her life. She used to believe that she would be like this all her life.
But one day, her friend Paul’s words changed her mind. He encouraged Jane to change herself. He said, “If you can give it a try, you will have a chance to change. But if you never try, your life will only get worse. ” Jane was deeply touched by what Paul said. Then she wanted to have a try.
The first thing Jane did was to lose weight. She had a strict diet(饮食) and did exercise every day. After 6 months, she lost 90 pounds. This taught her that she could change herself.
A few months later, there’s a speech competition at her university. She plucked up(鼓起) the courage to sign up for the competition. For the first time, she was able to share her own story and speak loud in front of many people. In the end, she got a big prize!
After the competition, Jane made a to-do list and tried her best to finish the things on the list one by one. When working on them, she became more and more confident.
Jane was still making progress now. And she will never stop.
29．Why was Jane not confident before
A．She was disabled. B．She was fat.
C．She was ugly. D．Her grades were not good.
30．Who encouraged Jane to change herself
A．Jane’s classmate. B．Jane’s teacher. C．Jane’s friend Paul. D．Jane’s father.
31．How did Jane lose weight
A．She ate less food. B．She made herself very busy working.
C．She slept early and got up early. D．She had a strict diet and exercised every day.
32．What did Jane share in the speech competition
A．Her own story. B．A story of her friend. C．A piece of news. D．A survey report.
33．Which of the following is NOT true
A．Jane became confident at last.
B．Jane keeps on changing herself now.
C．Jane spent 9 months to lose 60 pounds.
D．Losing weight successfully made Jane think that she could change herself.
It was Saturday morning and I asked seven-year-old Kelley to let her daddy take her to gym class. But she didn’t agree. I explained that some friends would visit our house that day and I had to clean the house, But the truth was, I had spent 20 years watching Kelley’s five elder brothers and sisters take lessons and I just wanted to get out of it. However, seeing Kelley was going to cry, I decided to do this once more.
Looking through the door, I watched as the teacher led the students to a rope hanging in the corner of the gym. One after another, each child in line climbed up the thick rope while the teacher held it at the bottom. Then it was Kelley’s turn—the youngest in the class. With a big smile, she climbed higher and higher. Then it happened. About halfway up, the teacher loudly warned, “Don’t go up any farther than you’re able to come down.”
Kelley halted … Then slowly moved down all the way to the floor. I knew she was heading to the top of that rope and was perfectly capable (能胜任的) of reaching it. Why did she stop I questioned her on the way home.
“Kelley, could you have climbed all the way to the top ”
“Yes,” she quietly replied.
“Then why didn’t you keep going ”
Silence.
“Was it because of what the teacher said ” I asked.
She nodded.
I knew it was time to teach.
“Kelley, don’t let anybody make you doubt yourself. Don’t let anyone keep you from knowing what you con do … Even though they seem bigger, or smarter or of older. Will you remember that ” I said.
“Yes!” she answered quickly.
I was glad I chose to take Kelley to the class and got the chance to teach her an important lesson .
34．The writer did NOT want to take Kelley to gym class at first because she _________.
A．became very tired of it B．needed to visit some friends
C．had so much housework to do D．had to take lessons herself
35．Seeing Kelley climbing higher and higher the teacher felt _________.
A．angry B．worried C．proud D．pleased
36．The underlined word “halted” in paragraph 3 means _________.
A．smiled B．stopped C．remembered D．counted
37．According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE
A．The writer has six children to look after.
B．Kelley would like her father to lake her to gymnastics class.
C．The other children in gymnastic class are younger than Kelley.
D．Kelley was very frightened before the teacher warned.
38．What did the writer expect Kelley to do
A．To take care of her safety. B．To follow the teacher’s advice.
C．To do as other students do. D．To have confidence in herself.
参考答案：
1．C
2．B
3．C
4．A
5．C
【导语】本文主要讲述了中国节日——农历二月初二“龙抬头”的时间及需要在这一天剪头发等一些风俗习惯。
1．细节理解题。根据“China is a country with many colorful days and festivals. Dragon Head Raising Day (Longtaitou) is one of them.”可知，龙抬头是中国的一个节日。故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据“This year the day falls on February 24.”可知，今年这个节日在2月24日。故选B。
3．细节理解题。根据“On the day in ancient times, people put ashes in the kitchen. This was to ‘lead the dragon into the house’.”可知，古代的时候人们在这一天把灰放在厨房里，这是把龙引到家里来。故选C。
4．细节理解题。根据“Today many customs have faded away. But one that has remained is the cutting of hair.”可知，保留下来的一个传统是理发。故选A。
5．细节理解题。根据“It stands for the start of spring and farming.”可知，龙抬头代表春天和耕种的开始，不是选项C中提到的“spring and harvest”。故选C。
6．B
7．D
8．C
9．D
10．A
【导语】本文主要讲述里查德很喜欢用旧物制作东西。小时候的一天晚上，里查德给家里照看家里的牲畜，无意发觉经常来偷牲畜的狮子害怕闪光灯，于是便灵机一动利用旧摩托车和汽车部件做出了能在夜里帮忙驱赶狮子的“狮子灯”并被人们广泛使用。
6．细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Richard lives near the Nairobi National Park in Kenya.”可知，it指的是前面提到的名词“the Nairobi National Park”。故选B。
7．细节理解题。根据文章第四段第一句和第二句“Then one night, as he was walking around the cowshed with a flashlight in his hand, he noticed something. ‘That day the lions didn’t come.’ Richard realized that lions are scared of a moving light, so he had an idea.”可知他拿着手电筒在牛棚四处走动，所以里查德想到了“狮子灯”这个主意是在牛棚四处走动的时候。故选D。
8．细节理解题。根据第五段第二句“They have not only helped the farmers but also the lions.”可知，狮子灯不仅帮助了农民而且帮助了狮子。故选C。
9．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Richard has been accepted into one of Kenya’s top schools. “One year ago, I was just a boy looking after my father’s cows. Now I want to be an engineer or a pilot.””可知，里查德进入了一所顶尖大学。故选D。
10．最佳标题题。根据第一段“Richard Turere has always enjoyed making things using old objects.”及文章中间几段在讲里查德小时候发明狮子灯的事迹，结合最后一段“Richard’s lion lights… I was just a boy looking after my father’s cows. Now I want to be an engineer or a pilot.””可知，整篇文章主要讲述的是他的发明。“小男孩，大发明”比较符合题意。故选A。
11．D
12．B
13．D
14．C
15．A
【导语】本文介绍了计算机的发展过程。
11．细节理解题。根据“In 1941, he built the world’s first computer that was controlled by programs. It was used to do difficult math problems.”可知，世界上第一台由程序控制的计算机是用来做数学难题的。故选D。
12．细节理解题。根据“They called it ENLAC. It filled a huge room and weighed 30 tons, or about as heavy as 5 elephants.”可知，ENLAC重达30吨。故选B。
13．细节理解题。根据“In 1947, the transistor (晶体管) was invented. This make it possible to build a smaller computer.”可知，晶体管的发明使得制造更小的计算机成为可能。故选D。
14．词句猜测题。根据“Computers paved the way for the Internet,”可知，计算机与网络的关系，计算机为网络创造条件。故选C。
15．主旨大意题。根据“In 1941, he built the world’s first computer that was controlled by programs.”和“From 1937 to 1942, a teacher and a student from Iowa State University in the United States worked on a new computer.”和“In 1946, two inventors worked together and built an even bigger and better computer.”和“In 1947, the transistor (晶体管) was invented.”可知，本文主要介绍了计算机的历史。故选A。
16．B
17．B
18．B
19．A
【导语】本文介绍一群学生因为糟糕的交通状况设计了可以载人的无人机。
16．主旨大意题。根据“To change their city’s bad traffic, students at the National Polytechnic Institute of Cambodia (NIPC) have designed a new type of manned (载人的) plane.”可知，学生们设计了新型的载人飞机，故选B。
17．推理判断题。根据“We wanted to solve some problems for our society by making a taxi plane and…inventing for firefighters”可知，我们想为社会解决一些问题，所以Lonh Vannsith所说的表明了发明这项发明的目的。故选B。
18．段落大意题。分析第五段内容可知，本段主要介绍由于国际运输，该项目面临推迟，飞机的许多部件都是从国外订购的。即这个项目遇到的困难，故选B。
19．推理判断题。根据第四段内容可知，这项发明还需要改进，还有很长的路要走。故选A。
20．D
21．A
22．A
23．D
24．A
【导语】本文主要描写了伊拉克战争期间平民，尤其是孩子的悲惨遭遇，描述了他们和父母在面对这场战争时心中的无助和绝望。
20．推理判断题。根据“A four-year-old girl is lying in the arms of a doctor. She has just lost her mother.”及“We see Iraqi (伊拉克的) children begging for food and water from American and British soldiers as they move through towns and cities towards the capital, Baghdad (巴格达).”可以推知，孩子们过着非常糟糕的生活。故选D。
21．词义猜测题。根据“makes it impossible to count the number who are hungry, sick, hurt or even dead.”以及上下文的描述可知，这场战争正在进行，因此ongoing意为“正在进行的”的意思。故选A。
22．细节理解题。根据“He tries to make him feel safe by saying, ‘The bombs (炸弹) are far away from us. The Americans are fighting the soldiers. We’re going to be all right.’”可知，父亲没有告诉孩子真相，因为他想让孩子不感到危险。故选A。
23．细节理解题。根据“Not things are worse, and the ongoing war makes it impossible to count the number who are hungry, sick, hurt or even dead.”可知，战争中的伊拉克人民更加饥饿，情况更糟，我们应该帮助伊拉克人民重建国家。故选D。
24．最佳标题。根据“A four-year-old girl is lying in the arms of a doctor. She has just lost her mother.”及短文的介绍可知，本文描写了伊拉克战争期间平民，尤其是孩子的悲惨遭遇，描述了他们和父母在面对这场战争时心中的无助和绝望。因此最佳标题为：Iraqi Children during the War（战争期间的伊拉克儿童）。故选A。
25．C
26．B
27．D
28．C
【导语】本文主要讲了爱因斯坦，描述了他对我们的贡献，以及他的辉煌成就。
25．细节理解题。根据“Einstein was given the Nobel Prize (诺贝尔奖) for 11 is discoveries. Although he did many other things later, the years 1905 has been called Einstein’s “Year of Wonders (奇迹)”.”可知，1905年被称为爱因斯坦的“奇迹年”，因为爱因斯坦在1905年做出了一些非常重要的发现。故选C。
26．细节理解题。根据“It may take a long time. After all, Einstein was born more than 200 years after Sir Isaac Newton, another great scientist.”可知，没有像爱因斯坦那样伟大的科学家是因为很难有人能像爱因斯坦那样做出重大发现。故选B。
27．细节理解题。根据“the years 1905 has been called Einstein’s ‘Year of Wonders’”可知，2005年距离爱因斯斯坦的“奇迹年”整整100年。因此，联合国将2005年定为世界物理年。故选D。
28．细节理解题。根据“He left us with a formula (公式) for life: If A is a success in life, then A=X+Y+Z. X is work; Y is play; and Z is keeping your mouth shut.”可知，成功意味着努力工作，放松，不要说太多。故选C。
29．B
30．C
31．D
32．A
33．C
【导语】本文主要讲述了简以前是一个胖女孩，很不自信，在朋友保罗的鼓励下开始减肥，不断改变自己，最后变得自信的故事。
29．细节理解题。根据“Jane was not a confident girl before, because she was fat...”可知因为简以前很胖，所以不自信。故选B。
30．细节理解题。根据“But one day, her friend Paul’s words changed her mind. He encouraged Jane to change herself.”可知是简的朋友保罗鼓励她。故选C。
31．细节理解题。根据“She had a strict diet(饮食) and did exercise every day.”可知严格的饮食以及每天锻炼使她减肥了。故选D。
32．细节理解题。根据“For the first time, she was able to share her own story...”可知在演讲比赛中简分享了自己的故事。故选A。
33．细节理解题。根据“After 6 months, she lost 90 pounds.”可知简花了6个月，减了90磅。故选C。
34．A
35．B
36．B
37．A
38．D
【导语】本文介绍作者看自己的女儿凯利上体育课的情况。
34．推理判断题。根据文章第一段中“I had spent 20 years watching Kelley’s five elder brothers and sisters take lessons and I just wanted to get out of it.”可知，刚开始作者不想带凯利去上课，是因为她厌烦了，故选A。
35．推理判断题。根据第二段中“With a big smile, she climbed higher and higher. Then it happened. About halfway up, the teacher loudly warned, ‘Don’t go up any farther than you’re able to come down.’”可知，老师看见凯利爬得越来越高，感到担心。故选B。
36．词义猜测题。根据下文“Why did she stop ”可知，此句“Kelley halted”意为“凯利停下了。”，halted意思是“停下来”，故选B。
37．推理判断题。根据第一段中“But the truth was, I had spent 20 years watching Kelley’s five elder brothers and sisters take lessons and I just wanted to get out of it.”可知，凯利有五个姐姐和哥哥，因此作者有六个孩子要照顾，故选A。
38．推理判断题。根据“Kelley, don’t let anybody make you doubt yourself.”可知，作者期望凯利不要怀疑自己，要有自信心，故选D。