人教版（2019） 必修第一册 Unit 4 Natural Disasters 单词课件（60张PPT）
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| 名称 | 人教版（2019） 必修第一册 Unit 4 Natural Disasters 单词课件（60张PPT） |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2022-10-23 19:23:21 | ||
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(共60张PPT)
lightning
thunder
Unit 4 Natural Disasters
Words and Expressions
natural adj.自然的，处于本性的，意料之中的
nature n.自然，天性，天理
against nature 反常的，邪恶的，不合常理的
Natural Disasters
There are a wide range of natural disasters happening around the world every year.
earthquake
tsunami海啸
volcanic eruption
flood
landslide/landfall
hurricane飓风
tornado龙卷风
drought
sandstorm
typhoon
wildfire
snowslide雪崩
disaster / d 'zɑ:st (r) / n.
n.灾难；灾害
natural disasters
自然灾害
an air disaster
空难
It was the second air disaster in less than two months.
这是不到两个月内的第二次空难了。
Thousands of people died in the disaster.
数千人在这场灾难中丧生。
tornado /t : ne d / n.
n. 龙卷风；旋风
The tornado killed dozens of lives.
那场龙卷风夺去了几十条人命。
drought / dra t / n.
旱灾;干旱
dry a.干燥的—— drought n.干旱
high a.高的—— height n.高度
see vt.看见—— sight n.视野
think vi.想—— thought n.想法
The ground is as hard as stone after the drought.
长期干旱后土地硬得就像石头一样。
In fact many food crops failed because of the drought.
实际上，因为干旱，很多粮食作物歉收。
4.slide / sla d / vi. & vt. ( )
(使)滑行；滑动 slid, slid
We slid on the ice.
我们在冰上滑行。
The door slid open.
门慢慢开了。
She slid the door open.
她滑开了门。
slide into (使)滑入; 溜进
The thief slid into the room.
小偷悄悄溜进房间。
It seemed possible that the US and China could slide into some form of trade war.
有可能中国和美国会陷入某种形式的贸易战。
landslide /'l ndsla d/n. (landfall)
山体滑坡
The village was destroyed by a landslide.
滑坡摧毀了村庄。
The heavy rain caused the landslide.
大雨引起山体滑坡
5.tsunami /tsu:'nɑ:mi / n.
海啸
Large earthquakes can cause powerful tsunamis.
大地震可以引起强烈的海啸。
6.flood / fl d /
n.洪水；大量 vt. 淹没；灌满 ; vi.泛滥；大量涌入
The heavy rain has caused floods in many parts of the country. 大雨使全国许多地方泛滥成灾。
The river is in flood. 河水泛滥。
More than 70 people were killed in the flood.
70 多人因洪灾丧生。
He received a flood of thank-you letters.
他收到大量感谢信件。
The heavy rain flood the village. 大雨淹没了这个村庄。
The afternoon light flooded the little rooms
午后的阳光洒满一间间小屋。
Water flooded in through the back door. 水从后门涌了进来。
Telephone calls flooded in from all over the country.
全国各地的电话像潮水般打来。
7.erupt / r pt / vi.& vt.
爆发; 喷出
The couple volunteered to help after the volcano erupted.
火山爆发后这对夫妇自愿帮忙。
An active volcano may erupt at any time. 活火山会随时喷发。
A fight has erupted outside the restaurant. 饭馆外发生了斗殴。
eruption / 'r p n/ n.爆发
The eruption of the volcano destroyed many villages.
火山爆发破坏了很多村庄。
Volcanic eruption is the most terrible natural disasters on earth.
火山喷发是地球上最可怕的自然灾害之一。
8.magnitude / m gn tju:d / n.
震级；量级 magnificent 宏伟壮观的
The Wenchuan earthquake had a magnitude of 8.0. 汶川地震的震级为8.0 级。
We did not realize the magnitude of the problem.
我们没有意识到这个问题的重要性。
helicopter
9.rescue /'reskju:/n.& vt.
营救；救援
They were rescued by helicopter.
他们被直升机救走了。
rescue workers/boats 救援人员/船只
What are the rescue workers and soldiers doing in the flood-hit area
在受灾地区，救援人员和士兵在做什么？
Internet rescue camps in South Korea and China try to save kids addicted to the screen.
韩国和中国的网络救援营试图拯救沉溺于手机的小孩。
Ten fishermen were saved in a sea rescue.
在一次海上营救行动中，十名渔民获救。
Firefighters rescued a child from a burning building.
消防队员从着火的大楼里救出了一个孩子。
The team of volunteer lifesavers rescued a drowning man in Jiangsu province, in 2019.
Mercifully, a friend came to the rescue.
rescuer /'reskju: (r)/ n. 救援者；救助者
Many people burst into tears when a rescuer carried a girl out of the ruins.
当一名救援者从废墟里抱出一个女孩时,在场的许多人不禁潸然泪下。
damage / d m d / vt. &.n.
损害；损坏
Which buildings were damaged in Seoul？
首尔哪些建筑物受损？
The fire badly damaged the town hall.
火灾使市政厅遭到严重破坏。
Smoking seriously damages your health.
吸烟严重损害健康。
The earthquake caused serious damage to the house.
地震给这所房子造成了严重的损坏。
The storm didn't do much damage to crops.
暴风雨并未对庄稼造成严重损失。
11.destroy/d 'str / vt.
摧毁 ；毁灭
Nearly everything in the city was destroyed.
城里几乎所有的东西都被毁了。
They've destroyed all the evidence.
他们销毁了一切证据。
Heat gradually destroys vitamin C.
加热会逐渐破坏维生素C。
You have destroyed my hopes of happiness.
你毁掉了我得到幸福的希望。
A man can be destroyed but not defeated.
人可以被毁灭，但无法被打败。
destroy
destruction/d 'str k ( )n/ n.
摧毁；毁灭
Those already sold are to be recalled for repair, replacement or destruction.
已经销售的要召回修理、替换或销毁。
12. evacuate / v kjue t / vt. vi.
疏散；撤出; 撤离
Almost 88,000 people have been evacuated from the area. 近88, 000人撤离了该地区。
The building is on fire. Evacuate all the people immediately.
这座楼着火了，立即疏散人群。
When the forest fires broke out, we were told to evacuate.
当森林大火爆发时，我们被通知撤离。
13.helicopter / hel k pt (r)/ n.
Helicopters were used to fight the fire. 直升机被用来灭火。
The injured were sent to the hospital by helicopter. 伤员由直升机送到医院。
14. death/ deθ/
n. 死亡
die-died-died-dying-dead-deadly-death
firefighters
练：
Before modern medicine changed the laws of nature, many children _____of common childhood diseases. (2015广东)
在现代医学改变自然法则之前，许多儿童死于常见的儿童疾病。
You may drink, smoke,be overweight and still reduce your risk of ______ early by running.(2018全国) 你可以喝酒，吸烟，肥胖，但通过跑步你仍然可以降低死亡率。
Mr. Holden returned home from his holiday upset and convinced his pet was____ .(2015 陕西) 当Holdern先生度假回到家时，他很伤心，因为他确信的自己的宠物已经死了。
He thought that Joe must be _____, but he didn't want to leave immediately.(2014 全国I）
他认为Joe一定死了，但他不想立刻离开。
It should not cause _______ traffic accidents.(2017天津) 这不应该导致致命的交通事故。
The ________ and what you need to apply depend on the program.(2019全国卷I)
最后期限以及你需要申请些什么取决于项目。
I knew it was the difference between life and ______.(2017北京卷)
我知道这是生与死之间的差别。
Only five years after Steve Jobs' ______, smart－phones defeated conventional PCs in sales.(2017江苏) 仅在 Steve Jobs去世五年后，智能手机就在销售量上击败了传统电脑。
died
dying
dead
dead
deadly
deadline
death
death
15. affect / 'fekt/ vt.
影响；感染；感动
have an effect on对……有影响
side effect 副作用
练：
A bad home environment can_______a child's healthy growth.
不良的家庭环境能影响儿童的健康成长。
The thoughts and behaviors of a teacher will ______ those of his pupils.
教师的思想和言行将影响到其学生的品质。
The illness has ________ both her mental and physical health.
这种疾病损害了她的身心健康。
They were deeply ________ by the news of her death. 她死亡的消息使他们悲伤不已。
You might also begin to notice the ______ not only on your health but in your pocket.(2018浙江卷)
你可能也会开始注意到，它不仅对你的健康，而且对你的经济都有影响
The weather ________, both good and bad, are felt in many places.(2016江苏卷)
天气的影响，无论好的还是坏的，在很多地方都能察觉到。
Your house may have an effect ____ your figure.(2015全国II)
你的住处可能对你的身材有影响。
affect
affect
affected
affected
effects
effects
on
Headaches are one of the ____ effects of the drug. 头痛是这种药物的副作用之一。
They have reduced pollution through ________ measures.(2014全国卷)
他们通过有效的措施减少了污染。
So far there is no _________ way to get rid of it..(2018北京卷)
到目前为止还没有有效的方法摆脱它。
There are actually healthier ways that can work just as ________.(2015重庆卷)
实际上有更加健康而且同样有效的方法。
Regardless of your choice of course, you'll develop your language ability both quickly and ___________.(2016 天津卷)
无论你选的那一门课，你都能迅速而有效地培养你的语言能力。
When communication becomes more _________, people are able to contact one another no matter where they are and at whatever time they wish to.(2014江西卷)
当交流变得更加高效时，人们就可以随时随地彼此联系。
Now that Chicago's waste water was draining __________ into the Chicago River, the city’s next step was to clean the polluted river. (2015湖南卷)
既然芝加哥市的废水更高效地排入了芝加哥河，该市的下一步举措就是治理这条被污染的河流。
side
effective
effective
effective
effectively
efficient
efficiently
Understanding your own needs and styles of communication is as important as learning to convey your___________ and emotions.(2014湖南卷)
理解你自己的需求与交流风格就像学会表达你的喜爱与感情一样重要。
affection
16. shelter/' elt /
n.避难处;居所;庇护vt.保护;庇护
shelter sb/sth from sb./sth.
Workers built ________ for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.
救援人员为那些家园被毁的幸存者盖起了避难所。
People were running for the shelter ______ the storm. 人们跑着找地方躲避暴风雨。
Many are sleeping in the open because they have no ________.
很多人因为没有栖身之所，只好露宿在外。
Perhaps I _________ my daughter too much. 也许我对女儿保护过度了。
Some parents want to shelter their children _____ any harm.。
17. crack /kr k/
n. 裂纹；裂缝 vi. & vt. (使) 裂开
There were deep cracks that appeared in the well walls.
井壁上出现了深深的裂缝。
This cup has a crack in it.
这杯子有一道裂痕。
The glass will crack if you pour hot water into it.
别往玻璃杯里倒热水, 不然会烫裂杯子。
The ice cracked as I stepped onto it.
我一踩冰就裂了。
The little boy failed to crack the walnut.
小男孩没能砸开核桃。
She dropped a plate and cracked it this morning.
今天早上她把一个盘子掉在地上打破了。
18. as if
似乎；好像；仿佛
It seemed as if the world ______(be) coming to an end. 世界似乎要到末日！！
It seems as if our team ___(be) going to win. 看来我们队要胜了。
She stood at the gate as if she ____(be) waiting for someone. 她站在门口好像在等人。
Some people like to talk about film stars' personal life as if they _____(be) close friends. 一些人喜欢谈论影星的私生活，好像他们是亲密朋友。
She loves the boy as if she _____(be) his mother. 这男孩，就好像她是他的母亲一样。
It was John who broke the window. Why are you talking to me as if I _________(do) it 打破窗子的是约翰，为什么你和我说话，好像是我打破的。
He walked in as if he___________(buy) the school.（2012 广东）
were
is
was
were
were
had done
had bought
19. ruin /'ru: n/
vt. 毁掉；毁坏n. 毁灭；废墟(pl)
in ruins 严重受损；破败不堪
The bad weather ruined our trip.
坏天气毁了我们的旅行.
My new shoes got ruined in the mud.
我的新鞋被泥浆毁了。
The crops were ruined by the heavy rain.
农作物被大雨全毁了。
Everywhere survivors looked, there was nothing but ______. 幸存者无论朝哪里看，除了废墟什么也没有。
The house has fallen _____ ruins. 房子倒坍成了废墟。
Drinking was the _____ of him. 酗酒毁了他。
In less than one minute, a large city lay ________. 在不到一分钟内，一座大城市就沉沦在一片废墟之中。
The castle now lies ________. 这个城堡现在已成为一片废墟。
ruins
into
ruin
in ruins
in ruins
只用作动词，指强调用某种摧毁性的力彻底破坏，以致不可能修复，常作"破坏"、"毁灭"解,也可以指希望、计划等破灭。
可以用作动词，也可以用作名词，用作名词时常与 to sb/sth 连用。指部分"损坏"、"损害"或指价值有所降低。一般被破坏的物品可以重新修复。
可以用作动词，也可以用作名词，用作动词时, 作“毁掉；毁灭；弄糟"解；强调毁了珍贵的事物。；用作名词时, 表示"毁灭；毁坏；废墟s"等抽象概念。
辨析：
destroy
damage
ruin
The earthquake __________ almost the whole town. 地震几乎毁灭了整个城镇。
His hope of being a writer was _________. 他想成为一个作家的希望破灭了。
Hundreds of houses in the area were _________ by the storm.暴风雨毁坏了这个地区数以百计的房屋。
The accident did a lot of ________ to his car. 这次车祸使他的车受到很大的损坏。
The floods _______ many precious paintings. 这次水灾毁坏了很多珍贵的画。
You'll _____ your health if you go on like this. 这样下去你会毁了你的身体的。
destroyed
destroyed
damaged
damage
ruined
ruin
20. percent /p 'sent/n.
百分之....
About 75 percent of the city’s factories and buildings, 90 percent of its homes, and all of its hospitals were gone.
大约75%的工厂和建筑物、90%的家园所有的医院都消失了。
We found that only fifteen percent of our students exercise every day.
我们发现仅有15%的学生每天锻炼。
The price of the house has risen by ten percent.
房价上升了10%。
21. brick /br k/n.
砖；砖块
Bricks covered the ground like red autumn leaves.
残砖就像秋天的红叶覆盖着大地。
The house is built of brick.
那座房子是用砖建造的。
This garden is surrounded by high brick walls.
花园四周有高高的砖墙环绕。
22. metal /'metl/n.
金属
a piece of metal 一块金属
The railway tracks were now useless pieces of metal.
铁轨如今成了一块块废金属。
The box is made of metal.
盒子是用金属做的。
23. shock / k/
n.震惊;令人震惊的事;休克 vt.(使) 震惊;电击
in shock 处于震惊/休克中
He was found beaten and in shock.
他被发现遭到殴打，处于休克中。
shocking shocked
24. electricity / lek tr s ti/ n.
电；电能
Water, food, and electricity were hard to get.
水、食物，和电都很难弄到。
The electricity had been cut off.
停电了。
We can use the power of the wind to make electricity．
我们可以使用风力来发电。
electric [ lektr k] adj. He cools himself in front of an electric fan.他在一个电扇前面吹凉。
electrical [ lektr k( )l] adj. An electrical fault caused the fire.电路故障引起了火灾。 historical
electronic [ lek tr n k] a. This dictionary is available in electronic form.本词典有电子版。
25. trap/tr p/ vt. n.
困住；使陷入; 困境；陷阱
The thick smoke and flames trapped people upstairs.
浓烟和火焰把人们困在了楼上。
A fox was caught in a trap.
一只狐狸掉进了陷阱里。
Soon after the quakes, the army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.
地震后不久，部队派了15 万名战士到唐山将受困的人们挖出来，并将死者掩埋。
Some of the workers were trapped in the ruins.
有些工人被困在废墟中。
They trapped her into marrying their son.
他们诱使她嫁给他们的儿子。
26. bury/ beri/vt.
掩埋；埋葬
bury one's head/oneself in…＝be buried in…
埋头于，专心致志于
He died at the age of 80 and was ______in his homeland. 他80岁去世了，被安葬在他的家乡。
I was looking for my handbag, which__________under a pile of old newspapers. 我正在找被埋在一堆旧报纸下面的手提包。
He_______his face in his hands and wept. 他双手掩面而泣。
She had learnt _______her feelings. 她已经学会了感情不外露。
My father_______his head / himself___ his newspaper.= My father _____________his newspaper. 我父亲专心致志地看他的报纸。
________ my book, I didn't realize it was raining. 我专心致志地看书，没注意到下雨了。=______myself in book, I didn't realize it was raining.
buried
was buried
buried
to bury
buried
in
was buried in
Buried in
27. breathe/bri: /vi.&vt.
呼吸
breathe in/out 吸入/呼出
breath / breθ/ n. 气息；呼吸；一口气
take a deep breath 深吸一口气
hold one's breath 屏住呼吸
out of breath 上气不接下气
catch one's breath 恢复呼吸
练：
Slowly, the city began to _________ again. 慢慢地，这座城市又开始出现了生机。
It's good for the health ____________ deeply. 做深呼吸对身体有益。
Most people don't realize that they are ___________ polluted air.
大多数人没有意识到自己正呼吸着污染了的空气。
You can see people's________ on a cold day. 冷天能看到人们呼出的空气。
She ______ a deep breath. 她做了一次深呼吸。
breathe
to breathe
breathing
breath
took
By mile 17, I became out of ________ and the once injured ankle hurt badly. (2018北京)
跑到17英里的时候，我变得上气不接下气，受伤的脚踝疼的要命。
I paused to ________ my breath and then positioned myself to take the best photo of this panorama(全景).(2017天津) 我停下来恢复呼吸,并找好位置去拍一幅最佳的全景照。
breath
catch
28. revive/r 'va v/vt.&vi.
复活;(使)复苏
Tangshan began to revive itself and get up on its feet again.
唐山开始恢复元气，重新站起来。
They managed to revive the injured driver at last.
他们最终使受伤的司机苏醒了过来。
The flowers soon revived in water.
这些花见了水很快就活过来了。
The economy is beginning to revive.
经济开始复苏。
复活；复兴 n
revival /r 'va vl/n.
What do you think helped in the revival of Tangshan city
你认为是什么帮助唐山市的复兴？
Jazz is enjoying a revival.
爵士音乐再度盛行。
29. effort /'ef t/ n.
努力
With strong support from the government and the tireless efforts of the city, a new Tangshan was built upon the earthquake ruins.
在政府的大力支持和全市人民的不懈努力下，一个新的唐山在地震废墟上建成了。
You should put more efforts into your work. 你应该更加努力地工作。
So I make an/every effort to be on time when I meet my friends.
所以当我与朋友见面时，我努力做到守时。
Dear fellow students, let's start right now and spare no effort to do a little bit every day, every hour, and every minute! 亲爱的同学们，让我们从现在起，每一天，每一小时，每一分钟，都不遗余力地做一点贡献！
30. unify/'ju:n fa /vi.&vt.
统一;(使)成一体
The new leader hopes to unify the country.
新领袖希望把国家统一起来
31.wisdom /'w zd m/ n.
智慧;才智
Tangshan city has proved to China and the rest of the world that in times of disaster, people must unify and show the wisdom to stay positive and rebuild for a brighter future.
唐山市已向中国和世界其他地区证明：在灾难时期，人们必须团结一致, 展现智慧，保持积极的心态，重建更光明的未来。
A man of great wisdom often appears slow .
大智若愚。
Experience is the mother of wisdom.
经验为智慧之母。
wise /wa z/ adj. 明智的;有智慧的
She made a very wise decision.
她作了一个非常明智的决定。
I'm wiser after ten years in the business.
在商界混了十年之后，我变得聪明了。
context
上下文,语境,背景
32. suffer/'s f (r)/
vt.遭受;蒙受vi.(因疾病,痛苦,悲伤等)受苦
He suffered from poor eyesight and could no longer read properly.
他视力不好，再也不能正常阅读了. 因……而痛苦；患有（疾病等）
This new cancer treatment offers hope to many sufferer.
这新的癌症治疗法给许多病人带来希望。
We must bring suffering and hunger to an end in the world.
我们必须结束世界上的苦难和饥饿。
33. volcano/v l ke n /n.
火山
Etna is Europe's most active volcano.
埃特纳山是欧洲最活跃的火山。
There are more than 100 volcanoes in Japan.
日本有100 多处火山。
34. supply/s pla /
vt.供应,供给n.供应;补给;[pl.]补给品
Russia supplies the European countries with natural gas.= Russia supplies natural gas to the European countries. 俄罗斯向欧盟国家输送天然气。
The supplies which were supplied to the disaster area were collected from around the country. 向灾区提供的物资是从全国各地收集的。
Our water supply has been cut off. 我们断水了。
Books were in short supply.书籍供应短缺。
35. typhoon/ta 'fu:n/n.
Many homes were destroyed by the typhoon. 许多房屋被台风摧毁。
36. in the open air
露天；在户外
People put up shelters in the open air.
人们在户外搭建庇护所。
The film will be shown in the open air tonight.
今晚电影在露天演。
37. hurricane / h r k n / n .
After the hurricane, many people's homes were destroyed.
飓风过后许多人的房屋被毁。
38. survive /s 'va v/
vt.幸存于vi.生存；存活 ,比...活得长
I can't survive on 40 a week. 一星期40 英镑，我无法维持生活。
Everywhere survivors looked, there was nothing but ruins.
幸存者们无论朝哪里看，除了废墟什么也没有。
Many firms will die, but the survivors will get stronger than before.
许多公司将会倒闭，但是幸存下来的会更强大。
I think life is a struggle for survival.
我认为生活就是一场奋力求生的斗争。
She survived her husband by ten years. 丈夫死后她又活了十年。
39. power /'pa (r) / n.
力量；电力；权力
There was no power at school last night. It was so dark.
昨天晚上学校停电了，漆黑一片。
As is known to us, knowledge is power.
众所周知，知识就是力量。
I think it's important for China to raise its soft power.
我认为中国增加软实力是很重要的。
The Republican Party came to power in 2016.
美国共和党是在2016 年上台执政的。
His grandfather once was a rich and powerful man.
他的爷爷曾经是一个有钱有势的人。
China is wealthier and more powerful than ever before.
中国比以往任何时候更加富有和强大。
40. tap /t p/
vi.& vt. 轻叩；轻敲；轻拍n. 水龙头;轻叩
He never drinks tap water.
他从不喝自来水。
Turn the tap on/off .
打开/关上龙头。
Don't leave the tap running.
别把水龙头开着白白流水。
He felt a tap on his shoulder and turned round.
他觉得有人轻轻拍他的肩膀便转过身来。
41. pipe/pa p/ n.
管子；管道；烟斗 piper/ pa p / n.管道工
The pipes are made of plastic . 这些管子是用塑料制作的。
Super Mario is a famous piper. 超级马里奥是一个著名的管道工。
In the city, the water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst.
在市内，有些建筑物里的水管爆裂开来。。
42. whistle / w sl/
vi.吹口哨；发出笛声n. 哨子(声)；呼啸声
The crowd whistled as the player came onto the field.
那队员上场时，人群吹起了口哨。
The kettle began to whistle.
烧水壶呜呜地响了起来。
He listened to the whistle of a train.
他听着火车呼啸而过。
He scored the winning goal just before the final whistle.
他就在终场哨声前打进了制胜的一球。
43. emergency/i m :d nsi / n.
突发事件；紧急情况
emergency room/exit
急诊室/紧急出口
Call an emergency number.
拨打紧急电话
We must keep as cool as a cucumber in an emergency.
我们要在危急时刻保持镇定自若。
This door should only be used in an emergency.
这道门只能在紧急情况下使用。
44. calm /kɑ:m/
a.镇定的,沉着的vt.使平静,使镇定vi.平静,镇定
We should keep/stay/remain calm in the face of danger.
我们在危险面前要保持镇定.
You will go somewhere quiet to calm your friend down.
去个安静的地方让你的朋友平静下来。
He took a deep breath to calm __________ down．他深吸了一口气使自己平静下来。
Gradually I calmed down and lost my anxiety.
我渐渐平静了下来，忘掉了焦虑。
45. aid /e d/
n.援助;帮助;救援物资 vi.&vt. (formal) 帮助;援助 first aid急救
He succeeded with the aid of a new method he discovered.
借助于自己发现的一种新的方法，他获得了成功。
To aid the poor farmers, the government provided them with a lot of money.
为了帮助贫穷的农民，政府给他们提供了很多钱。
yourself
on hand
There weren't enough snacks on hand for the party.
现有宴会的点心不够用。
He has too much work on hand to go picnicking with us.
他手头的工作太多了,不能跟我们去野餐.
crash
A truck went out of control and crashed into the back of a bus.
货车失控撞上了一辆公共汽车的尾部。
The plane crashed near the island.
那架飞机在岛附近坠毁了。
He narrowly escaped in the air crash.
他险些在飞机失事中遇难。
46. sweep /swi:p/ vt.&vi. ( )
打扫; 清扫 swept, swept
Could you please sweep the floor
你扫扫地好吗？
Sweep the leaves into the corner where they won't be noticed.
把落叶扫到墙角去,那儿不会被人注意。
Fishermen, tourists, hotels, homes, and cars were swept away by huge wave.
渔民、游客、旅馆、住宅和汽车都被巨浪冲走了。
47. wave /we v/
n.海浪;波浪vi.&vt. 挥手;招手
Cars were swept away by huge waves caused by the strong earthquake.
汽车被强烈地震引起的巨浪冲走了。
Children were playing in the waves.
孩子们在海浪中嬉戏。
They came to the front door to wave goodbye. 他们来到前门挥手告别
48. strike/stra k/
v.&n.击打;突击,袭击 ( ) n.罢工
struck, struck/stricken
The undersea quake struck around 7:00.
海底地震发生在 7 点左右。
The ship struck a rock.
船触礁了。
The child ran into the road and was struck by a car.
孩子跑到公路上给车撞了。
Strike while the iron is hot.
趁热打铁。
They went/were on strike for more money.
他们为了得到更多的钱而罢工。
The workers __________were all fired. 罢工工人都被解雇了。
It suddenly struck me how we could improve the situation.
我一下子明白我们如何能改善局面了。
strike sb. in/ on+ the+身体部位
She struck him in the face.
她掴了他一耳光。
He was struck by the girl's beauty.
49. deliver/d 'l v (r)/
vt.&vi.递送；传达；发表；接生
However, dangerous conditions and damaged roads will make it difficult to ________ food and supplies. 然而，危险的状况和被毁坏的道路将使运送食物和供应品变得困难。
Do you have your milk ____________ 你的牛奶是让别人送吗？
We promise to deliver within 48 hours. 我们承诺在48 小时内送到。
The president will ________ a speech about the economic development.
总统将就经济发展发表讲话。
Lin Qiaozhi often went late at night to deliver a baby for a poor family.
林巧稚经常在深夜去为贫苦家庭的产妇接生。
She was delivered of a healthy boy. 她生下一个健康的男孩儿。
50. summary /'s m ri/
n.总结；概括；概要
A summary is a short statement of main point.
摘要是对要点的简短陈述。
Here's a summary of the day's news.
下面是今日新闻简报。
In summary, this was a disappointing performance.
总的来说，这场演出令人失望。
In summary the two universities have something in common.
总之，那两所大学有一些共同之处。
51. length/ le θ/
n. 长；长度 long a.长的—— strong a.强壮的——
dead a.死亡的—— wide a.宽的——
Is the summary the proper length 摘要的长度合适吗？
This room is twice the length of the kitchen.
这个房间的长度是厨房的两倍。
The river is 300 miles in length .
这条河长 300 英里。
The snake reaches a length of 100 cm.
蛇长达100厘米。
She had always kept his family at arm's length.
她一直与他的家人保持一定距离
1. n. 灾难；灾害
2. n. 龙卷风；飓风；旋风
3. n. 干旱
4. n. (landfall)(山地或悬崖的)崩塌;滑坡
5. vi. & vt. （使）滑动；滑入
6. n. 海啸
7. n. /vi. &vt. 洪水 ；大量淹没；
/大量涌入；使灌满水；淹没
8. 火山喷发
9. n. （地）震数；重大
10. n.& vt 营救；救援
11. vt./ n． 损害；破坏 /损坏；损失
12. vt. 摧毁；毁灭
disaster
tornado
drought
landslide
slide
tsunami
flood
volcanic eruption
magnitude
rescue
damage
destroy
13. vt. &vi. 疏散；撤出；排泄；撤离
14. n. 直升飞机
15. n. 死；死亡
16. vt. 影响；(疾病)侵袭；深深打动
17. n./ vt. &vi. 避难处；居所；庇护/ 保护；掩蔽 ；躲避(风雨或危险)
18. n./ vi.&vt. 裂缝；裂痕/破裂
19. 似乎；好像；仿佛
20. n.& vt. 破坏；毁坏
21. 严重受损；破败不堪
22. n./ adj.&adv. 百分比/ 百分之 ...
23. n. 砖；砖块
24. n. 金属
evacuate
helicopter
death
affect
shelter
crack
as if
ruin
in ruins
percent
brick
metal
25. n. /vt. 震惊；休克/ (使)震惊
26. 震惊；吃惊
27. n. 电；电能
28. vt./ n． 使落入险境；使陷入圈套/ 陷阱
29. vt. 埋葬；安葬
30. vi.& vt. 呼吸
31. vt.& vi. 复活；(使)苏醒
32. n． 振兴；复苏
33. n. 努力；艰难的尝试；尽力
34. vi.& vt. 统一；(使)成一体
35. n. 智慧；才智
36. n. 上下文；环境；背景
shock
in shock
electricity
trap
bury
breathe
revive
revival
effort
unify
wisdom
context
37. vt.&vi. 遭受；蒙受; (因疾病、痛苦等)受苦
38. n. 火山
39. (vi.) (指火山)爆发；突然发生
40. n.[pl]/ vt. 补给品;供应(量) /补给供应；供给
41. n. 台风
42. 露天；在户外
43. n. 飓风；暴风
44. vi.& vt. 生存；存活；幸存；艰难度过
45. n． 电力供应；能量；力量；权力
46. vi.& vt./ n． 轻叩;轻敲;轻拍水龙头
轻叩；轻敲
47. n. 管子；管道
48. vi. vt. /n. 吹口哨；发出笛声；吹口哨；/哨子(声)；呼啸声
suffer
volcano
erupt
supply
typhoon
in the open air
hurricane
survive
power
tap
pipe
whistle
49. n. 突发事件；紧急情况
50. adj./ vt. 镇静的；沉着的使平静；使镇静
51. n./ vi.& vt. 援助；帮助；救援物资
52. n. 成套工具；工具箱；装备
53. 急救箱
54. 现有(尤指帮助)
55. vt.& vi./ n． 碰撞；撞击/撞车；碰撞
56. vt.& vi. 打扫；清扫
57. 消灭；彻底消除
58. n. /vi.& vt. 海浪；波浪/挥手；招手
59. vi.& vt./ n． 侵袭；袭击；击打/罢工；罢课；
60. vt.& vi. 递送；传达；发表
61. n. 总结；概括；概要
62. n. 影响；结果；效果
63. n. 长；长度
emergency
calm
aid
kit
first aid kit
on hand
crash
sweep
sweep away
wave
strike
deliver
summary
effect
length
lightning
thunder
Unit 4 Natural Disasters
Words and Expressions
natural adj.自然的，处于本性的，意料之中的
nature n.自然，天性，天理
against nature 反常的，邪恶的，不合常理的
Natural Disasters
There are a wide range of natural disasters happening around the world every year.
earthquake
tsunami海啸
volcanic eruption
flood
landslide/landfall
hurricane飓风
tornado龙卷风
drought
sandstorm
typhoon
wildfire
snowslide雪崩
disaster / d 'zɑ:st (r) / n.
n.灾难；灾害
natural disasters
自然灾害
an air disaster
空难
It was the second air disaster in less than two months.
这是不到两个月内的第二次空难了。
Thousands of people died in the disaster.
数千人在这场灾难中丧生。
tornado /t : ne d / n.
n. 龙卷风；旋风
The tornado killed dozens of lives.
那场龙卷风夺去了几十条人命。
drought / dra t / n.
旱灾;干旱
dry a.干燥的—— drought n.干旱
high a.高的—— height n.高度
see vt.看见—— sight n.视野
think vi.想—— thought n.想法
The ground is as hard as stone after the drought.
长期干旱后土地硬得就像石头一样。
In fact many food crops failed because of the drought.
实际上，因为干旱，很多粮食作物歉收。
4.slide / sla d / vi. & vt. ( )
(使)滑行；滑动 slid, slid
We slid on the ice.
我们在冰上滑行。
The door slid open.
门慢慢开了。
She slid the door open.
她滑开了门。
slide into (使)滑入; 溜进
The thief slid into the room.
小偷悄悄溜进房间。
It seemed possible that the US and China could slide into some form of trade war.
有可能中国和美国会陷入某种形式的贸易战。
landslide /'l ndsla d/n. (landfall)
山体滑坡
The village was destroyed by a landslide.
滑坡摧毀了村庄。
The heavy rain caused the landslide.
大雨引起山体滑坡
5.tsunami /tsu:'nɑ:mi / n.
海啸
Large earthquakes can cause powerful tsunamis.
大地震可以引起强烈的海啸。
6.flood / fl d /
n.洪水；大量 vt. 淹没；灌满 ; vi.泛滥；大量涌入
The heavy rain has caused floods in many parts of the country. 大雨使全国许多地方泛滥成灾。
The river is in flood. 河水泛滥。
More than 70 people were killed in the flood.
70 多人因洪灾丧生。
He received a flood of thank-you letters.
他收到大量感谢信件。
The heavy rain flood the village. 大雨淹没了这个村庄。
The afternoon light flooded the little rooms
午后的阳光洒满一间间小屋。
Water flooded in through the back door. 水从后门涌了进来。
Telephone calls flooded in from all over the country.
全国各地的电话像潮水般打来。
7.erupt / r pt / vi.& vt.
爆发; 喷出
The couple volunteered to help after the volcano erupted.
火山爆发后这对夫妇自愿帮忙。
An active volcano may erupt at any time. 活火山会随时喷发。
A fight has erupted outside the restaurant. 饭馆外发生了斗殴。
eruption / 'r p n/ n.爆发
The eruption of the volcano destroyed many villages.
火山爆发破坏了很多村庄。
Volcanic eruption is the most terrible natural disasters on earth.
火山喷发是地球上最可怕的自然灾害之一。
8.magnitude / m gn tju:d / n.
震级；量级 magnificent 宏伟壮观的
The Wenchuan earthquake had a magnitude of 8.0. 汶川地震的震级为8.0 级。
We did not realize the magnitude of the problem.
我们没有意识到这个问题的重要性。
helicopter
9.rescue /'reskju:/n.& vt.
营救；救援
They were rescued by helicopter.
他们被直升机救走了。
rescue workers/boats 救援人员/船只
What are the rescue workers and soldiers doing in the flood-hit area
在受灾地区，救援人员和士兵在做什么？
Internet rescue camps in South Korea and China try to save kids addicted to the screen.
韩国和中国的网络救援营试图拯救沉溺于手机的小孩。
Ten fishermen were saved in a sea rescue.
在一次海上营救行动中，十名渔民获救。
Firefighters rescued a child from a burning building.
消防队员从着火的大楼里救出了一个孩子。
The team of volunteer lifesavers rescued a drowning man in Jiangsu province, in 2019.
Mercifully, a friend came to the rescue.
rescuer /'reskju: (r)/ n. 救援者；救助者
Many people burst into tears when a rescuer carried a girl out of the ruins.
当一名救援者从废墟里抱出一个女孩时,在场的许多人不禁潸然泪下。
damage / d m d / vt. &.n.
损害；损坏
Which buildings were damaged in Seoul？
首尔哪些建筑物受损？
The fire badly damaged the town hall.
火灾使市政厅遭到严重破坏。
Smoking seriously damages your health.
吸烟严重损害健康。
The earthquake caused serious damage to the house.
地震给这所房子造成了严重的损坏。
The storm didn't do much damage to crops.
暴风雨并未对庄稼造成严重损失。
11.destroy/d 'str / vt.
摧毁 ；毁灭
Nearly everything in the city was destroyed.
城里几乎所有的东西都被毁了。
They've destroyed all the evidence.
他们销毁了一切证据。
Heat gradually destroys vitamin C.
加热会逐渐破坏维生素C。
You have destroyed my hopes of happiness.
你毁掉了我得到幸福的希望。
A man can be destroyed but not defeated.
人可以被毁灭，但无法被打败。
destroy
destruction/d 'str k ( )n/ n.
摧毁；毁灭
Those already sold are to be recalled for repair, replacement or destruction.
已经销售的要召回修理、替换或销毁。
12. evacuate / v kjue t / vt. vi.
疏散；撤出; 撤离
Almost 88,000 people have been evacuated from the area. 近88, 000人撤离了该地区。
The building is on fire. Evacuate all the people immediately.
这座楼着火了，立即疏散人群。
When the forest fires broke out, we were told to evacuate.
当森林大火爆发时，我们被通知撤离。
13.helicopter / hel k pt (r)/ n.
Helicopters were used to fight the fire. 直升机被用来灭火。
The injured were sent to the hospital by helicopter. 伤员由直升机送到医院。
14. death/ deθ/
n. 死亡
die-died-died-dying-dead-deadly-death
firefighters
练：
Before modern medicine changed the laws of nature, many children _____of common childhood diseases. (2015广东)
在现代医学改变自然法则之前，许多儿童死于常见的儿童疾病。
You may drink, smoke,be overweight and still reduce your risk of ______ early by running.(2018全国) 你可以喝酒，吸烟，肥胖，但通过跑步你仍然可以降低死亡率。
Mr. Holden returned home from his holiday upset and convinced his pet was____ .(2015 陕西) 当Holdern先生度假回到家时，他很伤心，因为他确信的自己的宠物已经死了。
He thought that Joe must be _____, but he didn't want to leave immediately.(2014 全国I）
他认为Joe一定死了，但他不想立刻离开。
It should not cause _______ traffic accidents.(2017天津) 这不应该导致致命的交通事故。
The ________ and what you need to apply depend on the program.(2019全国卷I)
最后期限以及你需要申请些什么取决于项目。
I knew it was the difference between life and ______.(2017北京卷)
我知道这是生与死之间的差别。
Only five years after Steve Jobs' ______, smart－phones defeated conventional PCs in sales.(2017江苏) 仅在 Steve Jobs去世五年后，智能手机就在销售量上击败了传统电脑。
died
dying
dead
dead
deadly
deadline
death
death
15. affect / 'fekt/ vt.
影响；感染；感动
have an effect on对……有影响
side effect 副作用
练：
A bad home environment can_______a child's healthy growth.
不良的家庭环境能影响儿童的健康成长。
The thoughts and behaviors of a teacher will ______ those of his pupils.
教师的思想和言行将影响到其学生的品质。
The illness has ________ both her mental and physical health.
这种疾病损害了她的身心健康。
They were deeply ________ by the news of her death. 她死亡的消息使他们悲伤不已。
You might also begin to notice the ______ not only on your health but in your pocket.(2018浙江卷)
你可能也会开始注意到，它不仅对你的健康，而且对你的经济都有影响
The weather ________, both good and bad, are felt in many places.(2016江苏卷)
天气的影响，无论好的还是坏的，在很多地方都能察觉到。
Your house may have an effect ____ your figure.(2015全国II)
你的住处可能对你的身材有影响。
affect
affect
affected
affected
effects
effects
on
Headaches are one of the ____ effects of the drug. 头痛是这种药物的副作用之一。
They have reduced pollution through ________ measures.(2014全国卷)
他们通过有效的措施减少了污染。
So far there is no _________ way to get rid of it..(2018北京卷)
到目前为止还没有有效的方法摆脱它。
There are actually healthier ways that can work just as ________.(2015重庆卷)
实际上有更加健康而且同样有效的方法。
Regardless of your choice of course, you'll develop your language ability both quickly and ___________.(2016 天津卷)
无论你选的那一门课，你都能迅速而有效地培养你的语言能力。
When communication becomes more _________, people are able to contact one another no matter where they are and at whatever time they wish to.(2014江西卷)
当交流变得更加高效时，人们就可以随时随地彼此联系。
Now that Chicago's waste water was draining __________ into the Chicago River, the city’s next step was to clean the polluted river. (2015湖南卷)
既然芝加哥市的废水更高效地排入了芝加哥河，该市的下一步举措就是治理这条被污染的河流。
side
effective
effective
effective
effectively
efficient
efficiently
Understanding your own needs and styles of communication is as important as learning to convey your___________ and emotions.(2014湖南卷)
理解你自己的需求与交流风格就像学会表达你的喜爱与感情一样重要。
affection
16. shelter/' elt /
n.避难处;居所;庇护vt.保护;庇护
shelter sb/sth from sb./sth.
Workers built ________ for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.
救援人员为那些家园被毁的幸存者盖起了避难所。
People were running for the shelter ______ the storm. 人们跑着找地方躲避暴风雨。
Many are sleeping in the open because they have no ________.
很多人因为没有栖身之所，只好露宿在外。
Perhaps I _________ my daughter too much. 也许我对女儿保护过度了。
Some parents want to shelter their children _____ any harm.。
17. crack /kr k/
n. 裂纹；裂缝 vi. & vt. (使) 裂开
There were deep cracks that appeared in the well walls.
井壁上出现了深深的裂缝。
This cup has a crack in it.
这杯子有一道裂痕。
The glass will crack if you pour hot water into it.
别往玻璃杯里倒热水, 不然会烫裂杯子。
The ice cracked as I stepped onto it.
我一踩冰就裂了。
The little boy failed to crack the walnut.
小男孩没能砸开核桃。
She dropped a plate and cracked it this morning.
今天早上她把一个盘子掉在地上打破了。
18. as if
似乎；好像；仿佛
It seemed as if the world ______(be) coming to an end. 世界似乎要到末日！！
It seems as if our team ___(be) going to win. 看来我们队要胜了。
She stood at the gate as if she ____(be) waiting for someone. 她站在门口好像在等人。
Some people like to talk about film stars' personal life as if they _____(be) close friends. 一些人喜欢谈论影星的私生活，好像他们是亲密朋友。
She loves the boy as if she _____(be) his mother. 这男孩，就好像她是他的母亲一样。
It was John who broke the window. Why are you talking to me as if I _________(do) it 打破窗子的是约翰，为什么你和我说话，好像是我打破的。
He walked in as if he___________(buy) the school.（2012 广东）
were
is
was
were
were
had done
had bought
19. ruin /'ru: n/
vt. 毁掉；毁坏n. 毁灭；废墟(pl)
in ruins 严重受损；破败不堪
The bad weather ruined our trip.
坏天气毁了我们的旅行.
My new shoes got ruined in the mud.
我的新鞋被泥浆毁了。
The crops were ruined by the heavy rain.
农作物被大雨全毁了。
Everywhere survivors looked, there was nothing but ______. 幸存者无论朝哪里看，除了废墟什么也没有。
The house has fallen _____ ruins. 房子倒坍成了废墟。
Drinking was the _____ of him. 酗酒毁了他。
In less than one minute, a large city lay ________. 在不到一分钟内，一座大城市就沉沦在一片废墟之中。
The castle now lies ________. 这个城堡现在已成为一片废墟。
ruins
into
ruin
in ruins
in ruins
只用作动词，指强调用某种摧毁性的力彻底破坏，以致不可能修复，常作"破坏"、"毁灭"解,也可以指希望、计划等破灭。
可以用作动词，也可以用作名词，用作名词时常与 to sb/sth 连用。指部分"损坏"、"损害"或指价值有所降低。一般被破坏的物品可以重新修复。
可以用作动词，也可以用作名词，用作动词时, 作“毁掉；毁灭；弄糟"解；强调毁了珍贵的事物。；用作名词时, 表示"毁灭；毁坏；废墟s"等抽象概念。
辨析：
destroy
damage
ruin
The earthquake __________ almost the whole town. 地震几乎毁灭了整个城镇。
His hope of being a writer was _________. 他想成为一个作家的希望破灭了。
Hundreds of houses in the area were _________ by the storm.暴风雨毁坏了这个地区数以百计的房屋。
The accident did a lot of ________ to his car. 这次车祸使他的车受到很大的损坏。
The floods _______ many precious paintings. 这次水灾毁坏了很多珍贵的画。
You'll _____ your health if you go on like this. 这样下去你会毁了你的身体的。
destroyed
destroyed
damaged
damage
ruined
ruin
20. percent /p 'sent/n.
百分之....
About 75 percent of the city’s factories and buildings, 90 percent of its homes, and all of its hospitals were gone.
大约75%的工厂和建筑物、90%的家园所有的医院都消失了。
We found that only fifteen percent of our students exercise every day.
我们发现仅有15%的学生每天锻炼。
The price of the house has risen by ten percent.
房价上升了10%。
21. brick /br k/n.
砖；砖块
Bricks covered the ground like red autumn leaves.
残砖就像秋天的红叶覆盖着大地。
The house is built of brick.
那座房子是用砖建造的。
This garden is surrounded by high brick walls.
花园四周有高高的砖墙环绕。
22. metal /'metl/n.
金属
a piece of metal 一块金属
The railway tracks were now useless pieces of metal.
铁轨如今成了一块块废金属。
The box is made of metal.
盒子是用金属做的。
23. shock / k/
n.震惊;令人震惊的事;休克 vt.(使) 震惊;电击
in shock 处于震惊/休克中
He was found beaten and in shock.
他被发现遭到殴打，处于休克中。
shocking shocked
24. electricity / lek tr s ti/ n.
电；电能
Water, food, and electricity were hard to get.
水、食物，和电都很难弄到。
The electricity had been cut off.
停电了。
We can use the power of the wind to make electricity．
我们可以使用风力来发电。
electric [ lektr k] adj. He cools himself in front of an electric fan.他在一个电扇前面吹凉。
electrical [ lektr k( )l] adj. An electrical fault caused the fire.电路故障引起了火灾。 historical
electronic [ lek tr n k] a. This dictionary is available in electronic form.本词典有电子版。
25. trap/tr p/ vt. n.
困住；使陷入; 困境；陷阱
The thick smoke and flames trapped people upstairs.
浓烟和火焰把人们困在了楼上。
A fox was caught in a trap.
一只狐狸掉进了陷阱里。
Soon after the quakes, the army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.
地震后不久，部队派了15 万名战士到唐山将受困的人们挖出来，并将死者掩埋。
Some of the workers were trapped in the ruins.
有些工人被困在废墟中。
They trapped her into marrying their son.
他们诱使她嫁给他们的儿子。
26. bury/ beri/vt.
掩埋；埋葬
bury one's head/oneself in…＝be buried in…
埋头于，专心致志于
He died at the age of 80 and was ______in his homeland. 他80岁去世了，被安葬在他的家乡。
I was looking for my handbag, which__________under a pile of old newspapers. 我正在找被埋在一堆旧报纸下面的手提包。
He_______his face in his hands and wept. 他双手掩面而泣。
She had learnt _______her feelings. 她已经学会了感情不外露。
My father_______his head / himself___ his newspaper.= My father _____________his newspaper. 我父亲专心致志地看他的报纸。
________ my book, I didn't realize it was raining. 我专心致志地看书，没注意到下雨了。=______myself in book, I didn't realize it was raining.
buried
was buried
buried
to bury
buried
in
was buried in
Buried in
27. breathe/bri: /vi.&vt.
呼吸
breathe in/out 吸入/呼出
breath / breθ/ n. 气息；呼吸；一口气
take a deep breath 深吸一口气
hold one's breath 屏住呼吸
out of breath 上气不接下气
catch one's breath 恢复呼吸
练：
Slowly, the city began to _________ again. 慢慢地，这座城市又开始出现了生机。
It's good for the health ____________ deeply. 做深呼吸对身体有益。
Most people don't realize that they are ___________ polluted air.
大多数人没有意识到自己正呼吸着污染了的空气。
You can see people's________ on a cold day. 冷天能看到人们呼出的空气。
She ______ a deep breath. 她做了一次深呼吸。
breathe
to breathe
breathing
breath
took
By mile 17, I became out of ________ and the once injured ankle hurt badly. (2018北京)
跑到17英里的时候，我变得上气不接下气，受伤的脚踝疼的要命。
I paused to ________ my breath and then positioned myself to take the best photo of this panorama(全景).(2017天津) 我停下来恢复呼吸,并找好位置去拍一幅最佳的全景照。
breath
catch
28. revive/r 'va v/vt.&vi.
复活;(使)复苏
Tangshan began to revive itself and get up on its feet again.
唐山开始恢复元气，重新站起来。
They managed to revive the injured driver at last.
他们最终使受伤的司机苏醒了过来。
The flowers soon revived in water.
这些花见了水很快就活过来了。
The economy is beginning to revive.
经济开始复苏。
复活；复兴 n
revival /r 'va vl/n.
What do you think helped in the revival of Tangshan city
你认为是什么帮助唐山市的复兴？
Jazz is enjoying a revival.
爵士音乐再度盛行。
29. effort /'ef t/ n.
努力
With strong support from the government and the tireless efforts of the city, a new Tangshan was built upon the earthquake ruins.
在政府的大力支持和全市人民的不懈努力下，一个新的唐山在地震废墟上建成了。
You should put more efforts into your work. 你应该更加努力地工作。
So I make an/every effort to be on time when I meet my friends.
所以当我与朋友见面时，我努力做到守时。
Dear fellow students, let's start right now and spare no effort to do a little bit every day, every hour, and every minute! 亲爱的同学们，让我们从现在起，每一天，每一小时，每一分钟，都不遗余力地做一点贡献！
30. unify/'ju:n fa /vi.&vt.
统一;(使)成一体
The new leader hopes to unify the country.
新领袖希望把国家统一起来
31.wisdom /'w zd m/ n.
智慧;才智
Tangshan city has proved to China and the rest of the world that in times of disaster, people must unify and show the wisdom to stay positive and rebuild for a brighter future.
唐山市已向中国和世界其他地区证明：在灾难时期，人们必须团结一致, 展现智慧，保持积极的心态，重建更光明的未来。
A man of great wisdom often appears slow .
大智若愚。
Experience is the mother of wisdom.
经验为智慧之母。
wise /wa z/ adj. 明智的;有智慧的
She made a very wise decision.
她作了一个非常明智的决定。
I'm wiser after ten years in the business.
在商界混了十年之后，我变得聪明了。
context
上下文,语境,背景
32. suffer/'s f (r)/
vt.遭受;蒙受vi.(因疾病,痛苦,悲伤等)受苦
He suffered from poor eyesight and could no longer read properly.
他视力不好，再也不能正常阅读了. 因……而痛苦；患有（疾病等）
This new cancer treatment offers hope to many sufferer.
这新的癌症治疗法给许多病人带来希望。
We must bring suffering and hunger to an end in the world.
我们必须结束世界上的苦难和饥饿。
33. volcano/v l ke n /n.
火山
Etna is Europe's most active volcano.
埃特纳山是欧洲最活跃的火山。
There are more than 100 volcanoes in Japan.
日本有100 多处火山。
34. supply/s pla /
vt.供应,供给n.供应;补给;[pl.]补给品
Russia supplies the European countries with natural gas.= Russia supplies natural gas to the European countries. 俄罗斯向欧盟国家输送天然气。
The supplies which were supplied to the disaster area were collected from around the country. 向灾区提供的物资是从全国各地收集的。
Our water supply has been cut off. 我们断水了。
Books were in short supply.书籍供应短缺。
35. typhoon/ta 'fu:n/n.
Many homes were destroyed by the typhoon. 许多房屋被台风摧毁。
36. in the open air
露天；在户外
People put up shelters in the open air.
人们在户外搭建庇护所。
The film will be shown in the open air tonight.
今晚电影在露天演。
37. hurricane / h r k n / n .
After the hurricane, many people's homes were destroyed.
飓风过后许多人的房屋被毁。
38. survive /s 'va v/
vt.幸存于vi.生存；存活 ,比...活得长
I can't survive on 40 a week. 一星期40 英镑，我无法维持生活。
Everywhere survivors looked, there was nothing but ruins.
幸存者们无论朝哪里看，除了废墟什么也没有。
Many firms will die, but the survivors will get stronger than before.
许多公司将会倒闭，但是幸存下来的会更强大。
I think life is a struggle for survival.
我认为生活就是一场奋力求生的斗争。
She survived her husband by ten years. 丈夫死后她又活了十年。
39. power /'pa (r) / n.
力量；电力；权力
There was no power at school last night. It was so dark.
昨天晚上学校停电了，漆黑一片。
As is known to us, knowledge is power.
众所周知，知识就是力量。
I think it's important for China to raise its soft power.
我认为中国增加软实力是很重要的。
The Republican Party came to power in 2016.
美国共和党是在2016 年上台执政的。
His grandfather once was a rich and powerful man.
他的爷爷曾经是一个有钱有势的人。
China is wealthier and more powerful than ever before.
中国比以往任何时候更加富有和强大。
40. tap /t p/
vi.& vt. 轻叩；轻敲；轻拍n. 水龙头;轻叩
He never drinks tap water.
他从不喝自来水。
Turn the tap on/off .
打开/关上龙头。
Don't leave the tap running.
别把水龙头开着白白流水。
He felt a tap on his shoulder and turned round.
他觉得有人轻轻拍他的肩膀便转过身来。
41. pipe/pa p/ n.
管子；管道；烟斗 piper/ pa p / n.管道工
The pipes are made of plastic . 这些管子是用塑料制作的。
Super Mario is a famous piper. 超级马里奥是一个著名的管道工。
In the city, the water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst.
在市内，有些建筑物里的水管爆裂开来。。
42. whistle / w sl/
vi.吹口哨；发出笛声n. 哨子(声)；呼啸声
The crowd whistled as the player came onto the field.
那队员上场时，人群吹起了口哨。
The kettle began to whistle.
烧水壶呜呜地响了起来。
He listened to the whistle of a train.
他听着火车呼啸而过。
He scored the winning goal just before the final whistle.
他就在终场哨声前打进了制胜的一球。
43. emergency/i m :d nsi / n.
突发事件；紧急情况
emergency room/exit
急诊室/紧急出口
Call an emergency number.
拨打紧急电话
We must keep as cool as a cucumber in an emergency.
我们要在危急时刻保持镇定自若。
This door should only be used in an emergency.
这道门只能在紧急情况下使用。
44. calm /kɑ:m/
a.镇定的,沉着的vt.使平静,使镇定vi.平静,镇定
We should keep/stay/remain calm in the face of danger.
我们在危险面前要保持镇定.
You will go somewhere quiet to calm your friend down.
去个安静的地方让你的朋友平静下来。
He took a deep breath to calm __________ down．他深吸了一口气使自己平静下来。
Gradually I calmed down and lost my anxiety.
我渐渐平静了下来，忘掉了焦虑。
45. aid /e d/
n.援助;帮助;救援物资 vi.&vt. (formal) 帮助;援助 first aid急救
He succeeded with the aid of a new method he discovered.
借助于自己发现的一种新的方法，他获得了成功。
To aid the poor farmers, the government provided them with a lot of money.
为了帮助贫穷的农民，政府给他们提供了很多钱。
yourself
on hand
There weren't enough snacks on hand for the party.
现有宴会的点心不够用。
He has too much work on hand to go picnicking with us.
他手头的工作太多了,不能跟我们去野餐.
crash
A truck went out of control and crashed into the back of a bus.
货车失控撞上了一辆公共汽车的尾部。
The plane crashed near the island.
那架飞机在岛附近坠毁了。
He narrowly escaped in the air crash.
他险些在飞机失事中遇难。
46. sweep /swi:p/ vt.&vi. ( )
打扫; 清扫 swept, swept
Could you please sweep the floor
你扫扫地好吗？
Sweep the leaves into the corner where they won't be noticed.
把落叶扫到墙角去,那儿不会被人注意。
Fishermen, tourists, hotels, homes, and cars were swept away by huge wave.
渔民、游客、旅馆、住宅和汽车都被巨浪冲走了。
47. wave /we v/
n.海浪;波浪vi.&vt. 挥手;招手
Cars were swept away by huge waves caused by the strong earthquake.
汽车被强烈地震引起的巨浪冲走了。
Children were playing in the waves.
孩子们在海浪中嬉戏。
They came to the front door to wave goodbye. 他们来到前门挥手告别
48. strike/stra k/
v.&n.击打;突击,袭击 ( ) n.罢工
struck, struck/stricken
The undersea quake struck around 7:00.
海底地震发生在 7 点左右。
The ship struck a rock.
船触礁了。
The child ran into the road and was struck by a car.
孩子跑到公路上给车撞了。
Strike while the iron is hot.
趁热打铁。
They went/were on strike for more money.
他们为了得到更多的钱而罢工。
The workers __________were all fired. 罢工工人都被解雇了。
It suddenly struck me how we could improve the situation.
我一下子明白我们如何能改善局面了。
strike sb. in/ on+ the+身体部位
She struck him in the face.
她掴了他一耳光。
He was struck by the girl's beauty.
49. deliver/d 'l v (r)/
vt.&vi.递送；传达；发表；接生
However, dangerous conditions and damaged roads will make it difficult to ________ food and supplies. 然而，危险的状况和被毁坏的道路将使运送食物和供应品变得困难。
Do you have your milk ____________ 你的牛奶是让别人送吗？
We promise to deliver within 48 hours. 我们承诺在48 小时内送到。
The president will ________ a speech about the economic development.
总统将就经济发展发表讲话。
Lin Qiaozhi often went late at night to deliver a baby for a poor family.
林巧稚经常在深夜去为贫苦家庭的产妇接生。
She was delivered of a healthy boy. 她生下一个健康的男孩儿。
50. summary /'s m ri/
n.总结；概括；概要
A summary is a short statement of main point.
摘要是对要点的简短陈述。
Here's a summary of the day's news.
下面是今日新闻简报。
In summary, this was a disappointing performance.
总的来说，这场演出令人失望。
In summary the two universities have something in common.
总之，那两所大学有一些共同之处。
51. length/ le θ/
n. 长；长度 long a.长的—— strong a.强壮的——
dead a.死亡的—— wide a.宽的——
Is the summary the proper length 摘要的长度合适吗？
This room is twice the length of the kitchen.
这个房间的长度是厨房的两倍。
The river is 300 miles in length .
这条河长 300 英里。
The snake reaches a length of 100 cm.
蛇长达100厘米。
She had always kept his family at arm's length.
她一直与他的家人保持一定距离
1. n. 灾难；灾害
2. n. 龙卷风；飓风；旋风
3. n. 干旱
4. n. (landfall)(山地或悬崖的)崩塌;滑坡
5. vi. & vt. （使）滑动；滑入
6. n. 海啸
7. n. /vi. &vt. 洪水 ；大量淹没；
/大量涌入；使灌满水；淹没
8. 火山喷发
9. n. （地）震数；重大
10. n.& vt 营救；救援
11. vt./ n． 损害；破坏 /损坏；损失
12. vt. 摧毁；毁灭
disaster
tornado
drought
landslide
slide
tsunami
flood
volcanic eruption
magnitude
rescue
damage
destroy
13. vt. &vi. 疏散；撤出；排泄；撤离
14. n. 直升飞机
15. n. 死；死亡
16. vt. 影响；(疾病)侵袭；深深打动
17. n./ vt. &vi. 避难处；居所；庇护/ 保护；掩蔽 ；躲避(风雨或危险)
18. n./ vi.&vt. 裂缝；裂痕/破裂
19. 似乎；好像；仿佛
20. n.& vt. 破坏；毁坏
21. 严重受损；破败不堪
22. n./ adj.&adv. 百分比/ 百分之 ...
23. n. 砖；砖块
24. n. 金属
evacuate
helicopter
death
affect
shelter
crack
as if
ruin
in ruins
percent
brick
metal
25. n. /vt. 震惊；休克/ (使)震惊
26. 震惊；吃惊
27. n. 电；电能
28. vt./ n． 使落入险境；使陷入圈套/ 陷阱
29. vt. 埋葬；安葬
30. vi.& vt. 呼吸
31. vt.& vi. 复活；(使)苏醒
32. n． 振兴；复苏
33. n. 努力；艰难的尝试；尽力
34. vi.& vt. 统一；(使)成一体
35. n. 智慧；才智
36. n. 上下文；环境；背景
shock
in shock
electricity
trap
bury
breathe
revive
revival
effort
unify
wisdom
context
37. vt.&vi. 遭受；蒙受; (因疾病、痛苦等)受苦
38. n. 火山
39. (vi.) (指火山)爆发；突然发生
40. n.[pl]/ vt. 补给品;供应(量) /补给供应；供给
41. n. 台风
42. 露天；在户外
43. n. 飓风；暴风
44. vi.& vt. 生存；存活；幸存；艰难度过
45. n． 电力供应；能量；力量；权力
46. vi.& vt./ n． 轻叩;轻敲;轻拍水龙头
轻叩；轻敲
47. n. 管子；管道
48. vi. vt. /n. 吹口哨；发出笛声；吹口哨；/哨子(声)；呼啸声
suffer
volcano
erupt
supply
typhoon
in the open air
hurricane
survive
power
tap
pipe
whistle
49. n. 突发事件；紧急情况
50. adj./ vt. 镇静的；沉着的使平静；使镇静
51. n./ vi.& vt. 援助；帮助；救援物资
52. n. 成套工具；工具箱；装备
53. 急救箱
54. 现有(尤指帮助)
55. vt.& vi./ n． 碰撞；撞击/撞车；碰撞
56. vt.& vi. 打扫；清扫
57. 消灭；彻底消除
58. n. /vi.& vt. 海浪；波浪/挥手；招手
59. vi.& vt./ n． 侵袭；袭击；击打/罢工；罢课；
60. vt.& vi. 递送；传达；发表
61. n. 总结；概括；概要
62. n. 影响；结果；效果
63. n. 长；长度
emergency
calm
aid
kit
first aid kit
on hand
crash
sweep
sweep away
wave
strike
deliver
summary
effect
length