牛津译林版（2019）选择性必修第一册Unit 3 The art of painting Section B Grammar and Usage学案（含答案）

Section B Grammar and Usage
学习目标
1、学会本节单词、短语
2、掌握本节语法结构。
重点词汇
1. wonder
词性：_________ 意思：________
词性：_________ 意思：________
wonder about sth. 想知道……，想弄明白……
wonder at. . . 对……感到惊讶
wonder+从句 想知道……
I wonder if/whether 我不知道是否……（表示一种礼貌的请求或提问）
in wonder 吃惊地
It's a wonder (that). . . 莫名其妙的是……，令人惊奇的是……
(It's) no wonder (that) . . . ……不足为奇，并不奇怪
练习：－I'm moving in a few days and I wonder __________ you could help.
2. observe
词性：_________ 意思：________
observe sb.do sth. 看到某人做了某事
observe sb. doing sth. 看到某人正在做某事
observe sth. done看到某事被做
observation n. 观测，观察；遵守
be under observation 在观察中；被监视中
练习：Art classes help develop children's power of _________ (observe).
语法解析
动词-ing形式和动词-ed形式作表语
一、动词-ing形式作表语
1.动词-ing形式作表语有时相当于形容词，用于说明主语的特征或性质，意为“令人……的”。
The result of the accident is shocking. 这一事故的后果令人震惊。
The argument is very convincing. 这一论据很有说服力。
2.动词-ing形式作表语有时相当于名词，用于说明主语的内容，两者可互换。
What I am tired of is waiting here alone. (=Waiting here alone is what I am tired of.)
我讨厌独自在这里等。
My job is teaching you English. (= Teaching you English is my job.) 我的工作是教你们英语。
二、动词-ed形式作表语
过去分词作表语，多表示主语所处的状态或所具备的特征，多位于系动词之后。这些系动词有 be，remain，feel，seem，look，become等。
The door remained locked. 门仍然锁着。
I'm very interested in your story. 我对你的故事很感兴趣。
三、动词-ing形式与动词-ed形式作表语的区别
英语中有很多与感觉有关的及物动词，其动词-ing形式通常意为“令人……的”，多用来形容物；其动词-ed形式通常意为“感到……的”，多用来形容人、人的声音或表情等。这类词常见的有：
exciting令人激动的 excited 激动的，兴奋的
encouraging令人鼓舞的 encouraged受到鼓舞的
interesting令人感兴趣的 interested 感兴趣的
surprising 令人惊讶的 surprised 惊讶的
frightening令人恐惧的 frightened 受惊的
moving 令人感动的 moved 受感动的
shocking令人震惊的 shocked感到震惊的
pleasing令人高兴的 pleased 满意的
tiring令人困倦的 tired感到困倦的
worrying令人担心的 worried感到担心的
puzzling令人迷惑的 puzzled感到迷惑的
satisfying令人满意的 satisfied 满意的
特别提醒：
动词-ing形式和动词-ed形式作表语时其动词色彩常常被淡化，后面通常不能跟宾语，但可以用 very，greatly 等表示程度的副词对其进行修饰。如：
The football match was very exciting. 那场足球赛很激动人心。
She is greatly pleased with the results. 她对结果非常满意。
练习：
语法填空
1. People want to listen to someone who is ____________ (interest), relaxed and comfortable.
2. Landing on the moon's far side is extremely ___________ (challenge).
3. My first job was ____________ (work) at the Ukiah Library when I was 16 years old.
4. After a long day at work — sure, you will feel __________ (tire) ,but it can help your brain stay healthy.
5. I was ____________ (delight) at the presence of such a student. Here was an exceptionally creative mind at work.
6. She was ____________ (displease) with absolutely everything, nothing was right and I was rather surprised that she became a "regular".
7. 选词填空
excited/exciting
① I don't really like the author, although I have to admit his books are very __________.
② Being the coach of the new team, I was __________ because I knew we were going to win, but to my disappointment we were defeated.
surprised/surprising
① It's __________ that your brother picked up Russian so quickly — he hasn't lived there very long.
② She was __________ to find the fridge empty; the children had eaten everything!
interested/interesting
① I became __________ (interest) in playing football thanks to a small accident.
② What's particularly _________ is the attitude various cities have toward Dubanchet's cause.
答案
重点词汇
1. if/whether 2. observation
语法解析
1. interesting 2.challenging 3. working 4. tired 5.delighted 6. displeased 7. exciting, excited; surprising, surprised; interested, interesting
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