中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit 1 Making friends
单元小结
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思维导图
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知识要点一、重点单词,短语及句式。
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【精讲精练】
要点1 Germany&German
Germany 德国
German 德国人;德国的;德语。
德国人的复数是Germans
各国人的变复数口诀“中日不变,英法变,其余s加后面Chinese-Chinese Japanese-Japanese
Englishman-Englishmen Frenchman-Frenchmen American-Americans Canadian-Canadians
Chinese
Chinese n. 中国人;汉语 adj. 中国的;中国人的
Chinese作名词时,意为“中国人;汉语”;作形容词时,意为“中国的;中国人的”。
【注意】Chinese作“中国人”讲时,单复数形式相同。
【延伸】(1)China n. 中国。
Country国家 People人 Language语言
单数 复数
China(中国) Chinese Chinese Chinese
Japan(日本) Japanese Japanese Japanese
America(美国) American Americans English
England(英格兰) English/Englishman English/Englishmen English
France(法国) Frenchman Frenchmen French
Germany(德国) German Germans German
【典例分析】
1、用词的适当形式填空
1)We are from China and we are C_________.
2)New York is an A_________ city.
3)Jane is English. She is from E_________.
4)His girlfriend comes from ____________ (German).
【答案】1.Chinese 中国人。名词。 2.American 美国的。形容词。还可以作名词用“美国人:3.England 英国。(国名) 4.Germany
2..Fan Bingbing is from __________ and she is __________.21com
A. Chinese; China B. China; Chinese C. Chinese; Chinese D. China; China
【答案】B
【解析】句意:范冰冰来自中国,她是中国人。China中国;Chinese中国人。故选B。
3. The_______ teacher told us something about his country--________.
A. Germans, Germany B. Germany, German's
C. German, Germany D. Germany, Germans
【答案】C
【解析】考查单词意义,不要混淆。German是形容词和名词,意思是“德国人的;德国的;德国人”,Germany是名词,意思是“德国”,故选C。
5.The girl is from________ and she is ________.
A. Japan; Japanese B. English; England C. American; America D. Chinese; China
【答案】A
【解析】句意:这个女孩来自日本,她是日本的。
A. Japan(日本); Japanese(日本人,日本人的,日本的); B. English(英语);England(英格兰);C. American(美国人); America (美国);D. Chinese(中国人;汉语); China(中国),根据句意,第一个空需要填国家名称,第二个空需要填表示人的词。故选A
6. These students are from _____. They are _____.
A. Germany; Germans B. Germans; Germany C. German; Germany D. Germany; German
【答案】A
【解析】Germany德国 德国的 German德国人。复数是在其后加“s”规则变化。
要点2 be from
be from...意为“来自……;从……来”,表示“是哪里的人”,相当于come from,其中be动词随人称和数的变化而变化,from是介词,后接地点名词。
【延伸】(1)若不强调从哪里来,而只是要说明身份,也可用以下表达:
①She’s a Beijinger.
她是北京人。
They’re Americans.
他们是美国人。
(2)询问某人是哪里人,可以使用句型Where + be动词+主语+from 或Where +do/does+主语+come from 。如:
—Where are you from =Where do you come from
【典例分析】
1.They are from Beijing.(同义改写)
=They __________ ___________ Beijing.
=They are____________.
【答案】1.come from=be from 来自。若不强调从哪里来,而只是要说明身份,也可用以下表达They are Beijingers.
2.My sister is Chinese, so she _________ China.
A. is from B. come from C. is come from D. coming from
【答案】A
【解析】本题考查be from和come from的用法,根据上面所讲的内容主语为she,因此只有两种形式是正确的,一个是is from,另外一个是come from,因此选择A。
3. --Where _____ he _____ --Germany.
A. is; come B. does; come from C. does; from D. come; from
【答案】B。
【解析】be from=come from 所以A 不对。要改成:Where is he from?
4. The girl ______ the US. Now she lives in Beijing with her parents.
A. come from B.is from C.is come from D. comes
【答案】B
【解析】考查“来自...”词组的用法,只能用be from或come from,不能同时叠加使用。A答案没有注意时态,三单一般现在时come应该加s,故选答案B。
要点 3 would like
would like的用法意为“想;想要”。
常用于以下表达中:
(1)would like sth. 意为“想要某物”
I’d like a cup of boiled water. 我想喝杯白开水。
(2)would like to do sth. 意为“想要做某事”
I’d like to buy two kilos of apples. 我想买两公斤苹果。
(3)would like sb.to do sth. 意为“想要某人做某事”
I’d like you to visit your grandparents with me this weekend.
这个周末我想让你和我一起去看望你的爷爷和奶奶。
(4)Would you like sth. 意为“你想要某物吗?”
—Would you like some tea 想喝点茶吗?
—Yes, please.是的。(肯定回答)
—No, thanks.不,谢谢。(否定回答)
(5)Would you like to do sth. 意为“你(们)愿意做某事吗?”
—Would you like to come to my birthday party
你们愿意来参加我的生日聚会吗?
—Yes, I’d like/love to.(肯定回答)是的,我愿意。
—I’d like/love to, but I.../I’m sorry, I have to...(否定回答)
我非常乐意,但是我……/很抱歉,我不得不……
【典例分析】
1.按要求完成下列各题
1)I'd like to go to the park on Sunday.(改为否定句)
I ________ like ________ ________ to the park on Sunday.
2)She'd like to visit the Great Wall.(对画线部分提问)
________ ________ she ________ to do
【答案】1)wouldn't; to go 2)What would; like
3).Do you want to go shopping with us (同义改写)
= _________ _________ _______ _________ ________ shopping with us
4).Would you like some rice
________________. I’m full.(判断做出肯定或否定回答)
5).Would you like something to drink
____________. I’m thirsty. (判断做出肯定或否定回答)
【解析】1.Would you like to go 2. Sorry,(No, thanks.) 3. Yes, I ‘d love to.
2.—Would you like something to eat
—________. I've had enough.
A. Yes, I would B.Yes, please C.No, I wouldn't D.No, thanks
【答案】D
【解析】考查情景交际。句意:“你想吃点东西吗?”“________。我已经吃得足够(多)了。”Yes, I would意为“是的,我想”;Yes, please意为“是的,请”;No, I wouldn't意为“不,我不想”;No, thanks意为“不,谢谢”。根据答语后句“I've had enough.”可知,我的食物已经足够了,故此处应用否定回答。Would you like…?句型的否定回答为“No, thanks.”,而不能用would回答。故选D。
3.—Would you like to play tennis with me
—______
A. Yes, I’d like to. B. Good luck!
C. I don’t agree with you. D. You’re welcome!
【解析】A 句意:----你和我一起打网球好吗?----是的,我想去。考查情景交际。A. Yes, I’d like to. 是的,我想去;B. Good luck! 祝你好运;C. I don’t agree with you. 我不同意你的看法;D. You’re welcome! 不客气,不用谢。句型Would you like to do sth. :你做....好吗;请求要求某人做某事的句型,它的否定回答一般是:I'd love to, but......(自己找个理由把省略号的那部分换掉);它的肯定回答一般是:Yes, I'd love to.结合句意可知选A。
4.—Would you like to play football with me
— . Let’s go.
A. Yes, please B. No, thanks C. Sorry D. Yes, I’d love to
【解析】D考查情景交际。由“Let’s go”可知, 愿意和对方一起踢足球。故选D。
【易错误区】如何回答Would you like. . .
(1)Would you like sth. 肯定回答: Yes, please. 否定回答: No, thanks. 。
(2)Would you like to do sth. 肯定回答: Yes, I’d love/like to. 否定回答: No, thanks. /Sorry, but. . . /I’d love to, but. . . 。
5.What would you like at weekends
A. visit B. visiting C. to visit D. visits
【答案】C
【解析】考查非谓语动词,句意:“周末你想去看什么?”,根据“would like to do sth.想要做某事”,故选C。
6. 完成句子
1) 我想要一些苹果。
I some apples. = I some apples.
2) 汤姆想打网球。
Tom tennis.
3)我妈妈想让我早点回家。
My mother home early.
【答案】1)would like =want 2)would like to play 3)would like me to go
要点 4 by+交通工具
Every day, I go to school by school bus.
① “by+表示交通工具的单数名词”,且之间不能有冠词,意为“乘坐(交通工具)”。
如: by underground 乘地铁;by train 乘火车;
② go to ... by ...=take / ride ... to ...
如:go to the library by bike = ride a bike to the library
go to school by bus = take a bus to school
【典例分析】
1. Alice often goes travelling _____.
A. in train B. in the train C. by train D. by the train
【答案】C
【解析】by+交通工具不用冠词。固配。所以选C
2.My sister goes to work by bus. (改为同义句)
=My sister _________ _________ _________ to work.
=My sister goes to work ________ ________ ______.
【答案】takes a bus / on a bus
3.He sometimes takes the train to go to Beijing.(改为同义句)
= He sometimes goes to Beijing __________ __________.
【答案】by train
4. He often walks to school.(改为同义句)
= He often goes to school __________ __________.
【答案】on foot
5. Do you know the boy ____the bike
A.on B.in C.by D .at
【答案】A 句意:你认识骑自行车的那个男孩吗
【解析】考查介词辨析。on在上面;in在里面;by用,表方式。by用于交通方式,交通工具名词前面不用冠词,可排除C项。on the bike骑自行车,固定搭配;根据句意语境,可知in不合句意,故选A。
6. Jason went to Shanghai ______ air.
A.by B.to C. on D. with
【答案】C
【解析】考查介词的固定搭配,by air坐飞机,故选A。
要点 5 friendly的用法
friendly 形容词,友好的。be friendly to 对……友好(注意:虽然以-ly结尾,但不是副词,而是形容词)
类似的词有:
lovely(可爱的)lonely(孤独的)lively (生动的) ugly(丑的) silly (傻的)
be friendly to sb.“对某人友好”。
Our English teacher is very friendly to me.我们的英语老师对我很友好。
【典例分析】
1 — Is your new classmate Jack ________ to you
— Yes, and now we are good _____.
A. friends; friends B. friendly; friendly C. friends; friendly D. friendly; friends
【答案】D
【解析】be friendly to 对某人友善。我们现在是好友了。后一空用名词friends。
要点6 hope
hope的用法
hope一词意为希望。在使用时应该注意以下几点:
(1) 从说话语气上看,hope用于表示可能实现的事情,后接从句时,用陈述语序。如:
I hope I shall see him again .我希望再次见到他。
(2) 从含义上看,hope多用于指对好事的盼望、预想;对坏事的预想则多用I’m afraid...。如:
I hope it will be fine tomorrow.我希望买明天天气好。
(3) 从时间上看,hope所希望的一般指将来或现在的事情,不用于指过去的事情。如:
I hope he will come.我希望他会来。
(4) 从句型结构上看,hope可用hope to do sth结构,而不能用hope sb to do sth结构。如:
I hope to watch the football match again.我希望再看一场足球赛。
(5) hope后面还可以接that从句,意为:希望......;能......就好了。如:
She hopes that I will pass the exam.她希望我能通过考试。
wish:“希望","愿望",后面接不定式或"代词(名词)+不定式"结构。所表示的希望实现的可能性较小。
常用于以下几种结构:wish + to do sth ; wish sb + to do sth ; wish +that宾语从句(从句中的谓语动词需用虚拟语气)。
【典例分析】
1. I hope _______ I will succeed in getting the job.
A. that B. whether C. if D. how
【答案】从说话语气上看,hope用于表示可能实现的事情,后接从句时,用陈述语序。故答案选A
2.我希望努力学习英语。(翻译)
【答案】I hope to study English hard.
3.我希望他努力学习英语。(翻译)
【答案】I want/wish him to study English hard.
4. My mother _______________ me to be a great English teacher.
A. makes B. wishes C. hopes D. lets
【答案】B句意:我的妈妈希望我成为一名优秀的英语教师。考查易混动词用法辨析。根据hope:意思为“希望”,表示实现可能性很大的希望;后接动词不定式或宾语从句。常用于两种结构:hope to do sth ; hope + that宾语从句;hope不能连接宾语sb+to do。wish:“希望","愿望",后面接不定式或"代词(名词)+不定式"结构。所表示的希望实现的可能性较小。常用于以下几种结构:wish + to do sth ; wish sb + to do sth ; wish +that宾语从句(从句中的谓语动词需用虚拟语气)。再根据句中连接的是sb + to do sth的宾语及宾语补足语的符合宾语。故选B。
5. Do you hope _______________ a picnic with me this weekend
A. to have B. have C. having D. has
【答案】A 句意:你希望在这周末和我一起去野餐吗?考查易混动词用法辨析。根据句中的hope判断hope常用搭配为hope:意思为“希望”,表示实现可能性很大的希望;后接动词不定式或宾语从句。常用于两种结构:hope to do sth ; hope + that宾语从句;hope不能连接宾语sb+to do。故选A。
要点7
易混疑问副词辨析 How long , How soon , How often , How far
how long:意为(多长时间,指自始至终时间),询问(for/since引导的时间段)
how soon:意为(多久,指从现在起之后),询问(in +时间段表示现在起之后时间)
how often:意为(多长时间一次;多久一次),询问(动作发生的频率)
how far:意为(多远距离),询问(距离、路程)
【典例分析】
1. ---______________ is the playground
---It’s about 7,000 square meters.
A. How long B. How large C. How far D. How much
【答案】B句意:---这个操场又多大?---它是大约7000平方米。考查易混疑问副词辨析。根据how long:意为(多长时间,指自始至终时间),询问(for/since引导的时间段);How large意为多大(提问面积);how far:意为(多远距离),询问(距离、路程);How much意为多少(提问不可数名词数量);再跟句中的7000 square meters,判断为面积。故选B。
2. ---_______________ do you brush your teeth
---Twice or more a day.
A. How soon B. How far C. How long D. How often
【答案】D句意:---你多长时间刷一次牙齿?---一天两次或更多。考查易混疑问副词辨析。根据how long:意为(多长时间,指自始至终时间),询问(for/since引导的时间段);how soon:意为(多久,指从现在起之后),询问(in +时间段表示现在起之后时间);how often:意为(多长时间一次;多久一次),询问(动作发生的频率);how far:意为(多远距离),询问(距离、路程);再根据twice or more a day为频率。故选D。
3.-___________ have you worked here
-For just one month.
A. How often B. How long C. How soon D. How much
【答案】B句意“-你在这里工作了多长时间了?-仅仅1个月”。A.多久一次(问频率);B.多长(问时间长短和长度);C.多久(后接一般将来时,且用in+一段时间回答);D.多少(问数量,后接不可数名词)。根据For just one month“仅仅一个月”可知,问时间长短,用how long,故选B。
要点8
② noise,voice和sound辨析
noise 表示让人感觉不舒服的声音,一般指噪音 Don’t make any noise in class.课堂上不要制造噪音。
voice 表示优美的声音,也可以表示音量。 一般指人的声音 She has a beautiful voice. 她有一副优美的嗓音。
sound “声音”,“响声”讲时,可以指人或动物发出的声音,或物体碰撞的声言。这个词的使用范围很大。可以说,大自然的任何“声音”都可以用sound,该词还可以用作感官动词,意思是“听起来”。 You can hear all kinds of sounds in the city. 在城市你能听到各种声音。 This music sounds beautiful.这音乐听起来很优美。
【典例分析】
1.The music made me think of the ________ of a running stream.
A.shout B.noise C.voice D.sound
【答案】D
【解析】A.shout 喊声。 B.noise不好听的声音。噪音 C.voice 人的声音,
D.sound自然界所发出的声音。流动小溪的声音。故答案选D。
2. Don’t make so much _______. My baby is sleeping.
A. voice B. sound C. noise D. choice
【答案】C
【解析】考查名词辨析。voice嗓音; sound声音; noise噪音; choice选择。根据句意“不要制造这么多噪音, 我的孩子在睡觉。”可知选noise。
3.用noise sound 和voice填空。
1.Don’t make any _________!
2.At midnight he heard a strange __________
3.The girl has a beautiful __________.
4.They are talking in low ___________
5.I heard the__________ of running water
【答案】1.noise 2.sound/noise 3.voice 4.voices 5.sound
要点9 everyone
everyone pron. 大家;每人
everyone相当于everybody,是不定代词,可在句中作主语或宾语。如:
①Everyone is here today.
今天大家都到齐了。
【注意】everyone作主语时,谓语动词用单数。
everyone 与every one
everyone 意为“每个人,人人”,相当于 everybody,只可指人,作主语时谓语动词用第三人称单数形式,其后不跟of短语
every one 意为“每个”,通常指物,后常跟of短语。与of短语连用之后, every one既可指人,也可指物
Is everyone here 大家都在这儿吗
Every one of us goes there.我们每个人都去那儿。
【辨析】everyone与every one
everyone只能指人,不与of短语连用。而everyone(每一个)既可指人,也可指物,且可与of短语连用。
【典例分析】
1.Everyone in the class (like) playing basketball.
【答案】everyone likes作主语时强调是个体用单数形式。
2.All the students ________ here and everyone ________ happy.
A. are; are B. is; is C. are; is D. is; are
【答案】C句意:所有的学生都在这里,每个人都很高兴。主语all the students是复数形式,故谓语用复数形式,故第一空为are。主语everyone是第三人称单数形式,故谓语用第三人称单数形式,故第二空为is。故选C。
3 ._____ is tired after the long walk.
A. Everyone B. Everyone of us ………C. Both of us D. All of us
【答案】A
【解析】Everyone 不与of 连用。C. Both of us (两者都) D. All of us (所有人都)后面动词要用复数。本句后面是is。
要点10 family
family是名词,意为“家庭、家人”。当“家庭”讲时,是整体概念,谓语用单数;当“家人”讲时,是复数概念,谓语用复数。
例如:I have a big family. 我有一个大家庭。
【典例分析】
1.My family_________ a big one.
A. is B. am C. are
【答案】A 当“家庭”讲时,是整体概念,谓语用单数.
2. My family_________ watching TV at home.
A. is B. am C. are
【答案】C 当“家人”讲时,是复数概念,谓语用复数。
要点11 how many
How many +n.(复数)+ 其他 (问数量的多少)
How much +n.(不可数) + 其他 (问数量的多少)
How much +be + 主语 (问价钱)
how many 后跟可数名词复数 提问可数名词的数量
how much 后跟不可数名词 提问不可数名词的数量
单独使用,后不跟名词 提问物品价格
How many students are there in your class 你们班有多少学生?
How much rice do you need 你需要多少米饭?
How much is the bike 这辆自行车需要多少钱?
【典例分析】
1.There are twenty girls in my class.(划线提问)
________ _________ girls are there in your class
【答案】How many 后面接可数名词。
2.__________ _______ milk do you want 你要多少牛奶?
【答案】How much 后接不可数名词。milk 不可数。
3.______ _______ _______ the shoes 这鞋子多少钱?
【答案】How much are 多少钱。
4.—________apples are there in the basket —Six.
A. How old B. How much C. How many D. How
【答案】C句意:——在篮子里有多少苹果?——6个。apples是名词复数,how many提问名词复数的量,多少,故选C。
5. --_____ did the trousers cost -100 yuan.
A. How far B. How many C. How much D. How long
【答案】C
【解析】考查特殊疑问词组的意思,how much意为“多少钱?”故选C。
要点12
lots of意为“许多;大量”
lots of相当于a lot of。其后既可以跟复数名词,也可以跟不可数名词。
当其后跟复数名词时,可与many互换;
其后跟不可数名词时,可与much互换。
We’ve got lots of apples. ( =We’ve got many apples. )
We've got lots of tea. (=We've got much tea. )
【典例分析】
1. Eat fruit and vegetable and drink water instead of drinks.
A. a lot B. lots of C. few D. a little
【答案】B lots of 可以修饰可数名词复数,表示“许多,大量的”,故选B。
要点13
be good at擅长
It likes water and is good at swimming.
它喜欢水,并且擅长游泳。
Little Tony is good at/does well in maths.
小托尼擅长数学。
be good at意为“擅长”,介词at表示“在某方面”,其后可接名词、代词或动名词形式,其同义词组为do well in。
⑤be good at, be good for, be good to 与be good with
be good at “擅长.....”,后跟名词、代词或动名词,同义词组为 do well in
be good for 对“有.....好处”,反义词组为be bad for
be good to 对……好
be good with 善于应付....的,灵巧的
He is good at playing basketball.他擅长打篮球。
Vegetables are good for us.蔬菜对我们有益。
Our teachers are very good to us.我们的老师对我们很好。
She is good with children她对孩子很有一套。
【典例分析】
1.Kate is good at dancing. (选出与画线部分意思相同或相近的一项)
A.do well in B. does well in C. is interested in D. is good for
【答案】be good at 擅长。与do well in 同义。在。。。做得好。
2. This kind of animal can swim. It is _________ swimming.
A. good at B. good for C. good to D. good with
【答案】A
【解析】结合本题中的“这种动物会游泳”,由此可知,它“擅长”游泳。故答案为 A。
3.My little sister is good at ________ the guitar.
A.playing B.plays C.play D.to play
【答案】 A
【解析】be good at 擅长做某事。At介词后面接动词ving形式。
4.—Let’ s divide the rubbish into different kinds before throwing it away.
—OK. It's__________ us to use some of it again.
A. thankful to B. good for C. similar to D. painful for
【答案】 B
【解析】be good for 对。。。。好处。
5 My brother likes music and he is good _____ playing the guitar.
A. at B. to C. for D. with
【答案】A
【解析】be good at 擅长。。。 be good to 对。。。很好(友善) be good for 对。。。有利,be good with善于应付....的,灵巧的。根据句意选A
要点14 with
with用法归纳
(1)“用……”表示使用工具,手段等。
We can walk with our legs and feet. 我们用腿脚行走。
(2) “和……在一起”,表示伴随。例如:
Can you go to a movie with me 你能和我一起去看电影吗?
(3)“带有,具有”。例如:
He’s a tall kid with short hair. 他是个长着一头短发的高个子小孩。
(4) “随着,与……同时”。例如:
He came into the classroom with some books.
【典例分析】
1.He writes with a pencil.
【答案】句意:他用铅笔写字。“用……”表示使用工具,手段等
2.He often goes to the library with Jenny.
【答案】句意:他经常和珍妮去图书馆。“和……在一起”,表示伴随。
3.The girl with glasses is from UK.
【答案】句意:那个戴眼镜的女孩来自英国。“带有,具有”。
4.With these words, he left the room.
【答案】句意:说完这些话,他离开了房间。“随着,与……同时”。
5.President Xi said that people in the world should build a community _______ a shared future .
A. to B. at C. with D. from
【答案】C 句意:习主席说,世界人民应该要建设命运共同体。
要点15
close to的用法
I live with my family in a house close to some mountain.
我和我的家人居住在靠近群山的一座房子里。
close to意为“(在空间、时间上)接近”,与near意思相近,与far( away) from意思相反,可放于被修饰词后作后置定语
He buys a house close to his office.他买了一所靠近他办公室的房子。
在(be) close to短语中,close是形容词,意为“接近的”,读音为/kl us/
拓展
close作形容词时还可意为“亲密的”。
close还可作动词,意为“关,关闭”,读音为/kl uz/
【典例分析】
1.按要求改写句子,每空一词
His home is near the hospital.(改为同义句)
His home is ________ ________ the hospital
【解析】close to意为“接近”,相当于near
2. The Smith family live in a flat ______ a big market.
A. close B. close to C. near for D. next
【答案】B
【解析】close to 靠近,接近
要点16
【举例】 When will you complete the work 你们何时完工?
Give me a complete list. 给我一份完整的清单。
The house is a complete mess.这房子实在太乱了。
When will the project be completed 这项工程什么时候完工?
I have finished the letter. 我写完了这封信。
I should do something to end the strike. 我应该做点什么来结束这次罢工。
【典例分析】
1.The house was ________ five months ago.
A. over B. ended C. completed
要点17
【举例】
I have an elder sister. 我有一个姐姐。
My elder sister gave me an apple. 我姐姐给了我一个苹果。
I am four years older than my wife. 我比我的妻子大四岁。
Your bag is older than mine. 你的包比我的旧。
【典例分析】
1. My _________ brother is three years _________ than me.
A. older;older B. older; elder C. elder; older
【答案】C
【解析】elder 常用来修饰年龄长幼,作定语。Older 可以用于比较级中。答案选C
【重点短语】
1.close to (在空间,时间上)接近 =near
2.go to school on foot步行去上学=walk to school
3.(be) good at 擅长=do well in
4. make friends with 与…….交朋友
5.all over the world遍及 =around the world
6. ‘d like to (would like to )愿意=want to
7. far away from 离……很远
8. on the Internet 在互联网上
9. in my free time 在我的业余时间
10. hear from sb 收到某人来信=receive letter from sb
【重点句式】
1. I would like to be your pen friend. = I want to be your pen friend.
想要成为……
2.How old are you = What’s your age
(询问年龄)
3.My favourite hobby is playing chess. = I like playing chess best.
最喜爱……
4.They are from Beijing. = They come from Beijing.
来自……
5.What do they do = What’re their jobs = What are they
(询问职业)
6.He works as an engineer. = He is an engineer.
是(……职业) I
7. I am keen on sports. = I am interested in sports.
热衷……
8. I can walk to school. = I can go to school on foot.
步行去……
9. My dream is to be an engineer.
(
知识要点二:语法
)
冠词用法 a/an/the
不定冠词用在单数可数名词前面,表示“一”的意义,有a和an两种形式。a用于以辅音发音(不一定是辅音字母)开头的单词之前,an用于以元音发音(不一定是元音字母)开头的单词之前。如:
a boy 一个男孩 a worker 一个工人 a pencil 一支铅笔
an hour 一小时 an elephant 一头大象 an engineer 一个工程师
形容词修饰名词时,不定冠词要放在形容词前,用a还是an取决于形容词的开头读音。如:
a bike 一辆自行车 → an old bike一辆旧自行车 an egg 一个鸡蛋 → a big egg 一个大鸡蛋
不定冠词的用法:
1. 表示一类人或事物。如:
I want to be a doctor. 我想当医生。
You can use a dictionary. 你可以用字典。
2. 表示第一次提及某人或某物。如:
A boy is waiting for you. 有个男孩在等你。
There is a new book on the desk. 书桌上有一本新书。
3. 表示“每一”,相当于every或one。如:
We study eight hours a day. 我们每天学习八小时。
These apples are ten yuan a kilo. 这些苹果每公斤十元。
4. 用于固定搭配中。如:
a little 一点 a lot of 许多 go for a walk 去散步
have a bath 洗澡 have a cold 感冒
have a good time 过得愉快 have a look 看一看
take a rest 休息一会儿 keep a diary 记日记
【典例分析】
一、选用a或an填空。
1. My sister is ________ teacher.
2. This is ________ old film.
3. Sam wants to be ________ engineer.
4. Miss Li is ________ nice nurse.
5. ________ friendly girl sits near me.
6. I will come back in half ________ hour.
7. We have three meals ________ day.
8. Tom is ________ honest boy.
9. What ________ interesting book it is!
10. My dream is to be ________ good engineer.
【答案】1.a 2.an 3.an 4.a 5.A 6.an 7.a 8. an 9.an 10.a
2,特殊疑问句
以疑问词开头,对句中某一成分提问的句子叫特殊疑问句。常用的疑问词有:
what 什么,who 谁,whose 谁的,which 哪个,哪些
when 什么时候,where 哪里,why 为什么,how 怎么,怎样
how old 多大年纪,how many 多少,how much 多少(钱)how far 多远
★特殊疑问句的语序:
1. 如疑问词对主语提问,其语序是:疑问词+动词+其他成分?
Who are your friends?谁是你的朋友?
How many people speak English 有多少人讲英语?
2. 如疑问词对其他成分提问,其语序是:
疑问词+一般疑问句?如:
What are you good at?你擅长什么?
Whose bike is this?这是谁的自行车?
Where do you come from?你是哪儿人?
When does he get up?他什么时候起床?
How do you go to school?你怎么去学校的?
★注意:
1 回答一般疑问句时,用yes或no。回答特殊疑问句时,要针对所问内容,问什么答什么。如:
特殊疑问句的自我介绍
Hello, everyone!
我的名字叫特殊疑问句。我的特点是用疑问词开头,由于疑问词主要以wh-作词首,所以有人给我起了个绰号——wh-疑问句。我的用途是对句子的某一成分进行提问,问具体的人或事、时间、地点、原因等,因此问什么答什么。
— Who is from Japan?谁是日本人?
— Yuki (is).由纪(是)。
— Where’s the bank?银行在哪儿?
— Near the post office.在邮局附近。
— Why do you like pandas?你为什么喜欢熊猫?
— Because they are cute.因为它们很可爱。
意思 用法
who 谁 问人的身份,姓名等
whom 谁 问人的身份,姓名等(问宾语)
what 什么 问人的职业或事物是什么
which 哪一个 问一定范围内特指的人或物
whose 谁的 问所属关系
what color 什么颜色 问颜色(表语)
What time 几点 问点时间
when 什么时候 问时间
where 什么地方 问地点(状语)
why 为什么 问原因
how 怎样 问健康状况、/做事的方式等
how old 多大几岁 问年龄
how many 多少 跟复数名词/问数量
how much 多少 跟不可数名词/问数量或价钱
how far 多远 问路程
how soon 多久 问in+一段时间
how long 多久 问一段时间,/问物体的长短
how often 多久(一次) 问频率
【典例分析】
1.—I wonder ____ the students have a physical examination.
—Once a year.
A. how far B. how soon C. how long D. how often
【答案】D
【解析】句意:-我想知道学生们多长时间进行一次身体检查。-一年一次。how far多远,提问距离;how soon多久,多快;how long多长时间,对一段时间提问;how often多久一次,提问频率。根据下面的回答Once a year可知,这里问的是“学生们体检的频率”,故应选D。
3. -__________do you sleep every day, Eric
-For about eight hours.
A. How much B. How fast C. How often D. How long
【答案】D
【解析】句意:——埃里克,你每天睡多久 ——大约8个小时。考查特殊疑问词动词辨析。A. 多少,问数量,修饰不可数名词;B. 多快,问速度;C. 多常,问频率;D. 多长,问时间。根据回答For about eight hours.可知多长时间,故选D。
3. _________ is your elder sister Is she a policewoman
A. What B. Who C. Where D. When
【答案】A
【解析】句意:你姐姐是做什么工作的?她是一名女警察吗?
本题考查特殊疑问句。What什么,who谁,where哪里,when何时。根据Is she a policewoman 可知,此处是对职业询问,用特殊疑问句What is sb “某人是做什么工作的?” 故选A。
4. _________ water is there in the world
A. How old B. How much C. How many D. How
【答案】B
【解析】句意:世界上有多少水?
本题考查特殊疑问句。How old多大,对年龄提问;How much多少,修饰不可数名词,对数量提问;How many多少,修饰可数名词,对数量提问;How如何,对方式提问。此处water是不可数名词,用疑问词how much,故选B。
5. --_______ is the woman in the room -My aunt.
A. When B. Who C. Whose D. Which
【答案】B
【解析】考查特殊疑问词的意思,根据答语,选择who,故选答案B。
6. --_____ did the trousers cost -100 yuan.
A. How far B. How many C. How much D. How long
【答案】C
【解析】考查特殊疑问词组的意思,how much意为“多少钱?”故选C。
7. --_______is your elder brother like -He is tall with short hair.
A. Who B. Which C. How D. What
【答案】D
【解析】考查句型“....长啥样?”,故选D。
8. —________ will the invitations be sent to our guests (2015广州)
—In three days.
A. How often B. How soon C. How long D. How far
【答案】A
【解析】从后面答语In three days.中可知,“在三天后”表示将来。How soon“将多久”所以答案A
9. —________ did you work out the problem in such a short time
—With Mr Li's help.
A. When B. Where C. How D. Which
【答案】C
【解析】句意:你如何在这么短的时间内解决这个问题的?表示方式。用How。答案选C
10. —_______ do you go to your home town
—I go to my home town every year.
A. How long B. How much C. How often D. How soon
【答案】C
【解析】从答语“每年回家”表示频率。答案选C
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知识要点三:书面表达
)
话题一:人物介绍
假设你叫小华(Xiaohua),在网上看到一位名叫汤姆 (Tom)的男孩的信息,你很想与他交朋友。请就此写一封信给汤姆,向他介绍你的年龄、外貌、兴趣爱好、家庭成员、学校状况、你的理想等,并希望能尽快收到他的来信并与之成为好朋友。
要求:语意连贯,条理清楚,信中不能出现真实姓名和校名,60字左右。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【写作指导】
此篇作文以怎样交朋友为主线,主要内容是写信向他人介绍自己。写作内容渗透着本单元的话题和语言目标——如何介绍人物。
在写作过程中要明确以下几点:
1. 由作文要谈及的主要内容决定我们在写作中要运用“自我介绍”结构,设计人物的外貌、年龄、爱好、家庭成员等等。
2. 结合话题内容,我们在写作过程中要大量用到自我介绍的短语和句型。
作为名人事迹介绍,评价性语言必不可少。个人的观点尤为重要,所以我们在作文末尾应给出总结性评价。
【范文赏析】
Dear Tom,
I'm so happy to get your information on the Internet today. I would like to be your e-friend. Now, I want to tell you something about myself.
I'm Xiaohua. I am thirteen years old. My height is 150 centimetres. I have black hair and black eyes. I like playing basketball. I enjoy playing badminton, too.
There are four people in my family: my parents, my elder sister and me. My father is a Chinese teacher. My mother is a doctor. My sister and I are middle school students.
I study in Grade Seven at No. 2 Middle School. My favourite subject is English. I like my school very much. I would like to be a doctor in the future.
I hope to hear from you soon and make friends with you.
Yours,
Xiaohua
21世纪教育网 www.21cnjy.com 精品试卷·第 2 页 (共 2 页)
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit 1 Making friends
单元小结
(
思维导图
)
(
知识要点一、重点单词,短语及句式。
)
【精讲精练】
要点1 Germany&German
Germany 德国
German 德国人;德国的;德语。
德国人的复数是Germans
各国人的变复数口诀“中日不变,英法变,其余s加后面Chinese-Chinese Japanese-Japanese
Englishman-Englishmen Frenchman-Frenchmen American-Americans Canadian-Canadians
Chinese
Chinese n. 中国人;汉语 adj. 中国的;中国人的
Chinese作名词时,意为“中国人;汉语”;作形容词时,意为“中国的;中国人的”。
【注意】Chinese作“中国人”讲时,单复数形式相同。
【延伸】(1)China n. 中国。
Country国家 People人 Language语言
单数 复数
China(中国) Chinese Chinese Chinese
Japan(日本) Japanese Japanese Japanese
America(美国) American Americans English
England(英格兰) English/Englishman English/Englishmen English
France(法国) Frenchman Frenchmen French
Germany(德国) German Germans German
【典例分析】
1、用词的适当形式填空
1)We are from China and we are C_________.
2)New York is an A_________ city.
3)Jane is English. She is from E_________.
4)His girlfriend comes from ____________ (German).
2..Fan Bingbing is from __________ and she is __________.21com
A. Chinese; China B. China; Chinese C. Chinese; Chinese D. China; China
3. The_______ teacher told us something about his country--________.
A. Germans, Germany B. Germany, German's
C. German, Germany D. Germany, Germans
5.The girl is from________ and she is ________.
A. Japan; Japanese B. English; England C. American; America D. Chinese; China
6. These students are from _____. They are _____.
A. Germany; Germans B. Germans; Germany C. German; Germany D. Germany; German
要点2 be from
be from...意为“来自……;从……来”,表示“是哪里的人”,相当于come from,其中be动词随人称和数的变化而变化,from是介词,后接地点名词。
【延伸】(1)若不强调从哪里来,而只是要说明身份,也可用以下表达:
①She’s a Beijinger.
她是北京人。
They’re Americans.
他们是美国人。
(2)询问某人是哪里人,可以使用句型Where + be动词+主语+from 或Where +do/does+主语+come from 。如:
—Where are you from =Where do you come from
【典例分析】
1.They are from Beijing.(同义改写)
=They __________ ___________ Beijing.
=They are____________.
2.My sister is Chinese, so she _________ China.
A. is from B. come from C. is come from D. coming from
3. --Where _____ he _____ --Germany.
A. is; come B. does; come from C. does; from D. come; from
4. The girl ______ the US. Now she lives in Beijing with her parents.
A. come from B.is from C.is come from D. comes
要点 3 would like
would like的用法意为“想;想要”。
常用于以下表达中:
(1)would like sth. 意为“想要某物”
I’d like a cup of boiled water. 我想喝杯白开水。
(2)would like to do sth. 意为“想要做某事”
I’d like to buy two kilos of apples. 我想买两公斤苹果。
(3)would like sb.to do sth. 意为“想要某人做某事”
I’d like you to visit your grandparents with me this weekend.
这个周末我想让你和我一起去看望你的爷爷和奶奶。
(4)Would you like sth. 意为“你想要某物吗?”
—Would you like some tea 想喝点茶吗?
—Yes, please.是的。(肯定回答)
—No, thanks.不,谢谢。(否定回答)
(5)Would you like to do sth. 意为“你(们)愿意做某事吗?”
—Would you like to come to my birthday party
你们愿意来参加我的生日聚会吗?
—Yes, I’d like/love to.(肯定回答)是的,我愿意。
—I’d like/love to, but I.../I’m sorry, I have to...(否定回答)
我非常乐意,但是我……/很抱歉,我不得不……
【典例分析】
1.按要求完成下列各题
1)I'd like to go to the park on Sunday.(改为否定句)
I ________ like ________ ________ to the park on Sunday.
2)She'd like to visit the Great Wall.(对画线部分提问)
________ ________ she ________ to do
3).Do you want to go shopping with us (同义改写)
= _________ _________ _______ _________ ________ shopping with us
4).Would you like some rice
________________. I’m full.(判断做出肯定或否定回答)
5).Would you like something to drink
____________. I’m thirsty. (判断做出肯定或否定回答)
2.—Would you like something to eat
—________. I've had enough.
A. Yes, I would B.Yes, please C.No, I wouldn't D.No, thanks
3.—Would you like to play tennis with me
—______
A. Yes, I’d like to. B. Good luck!
C. I don’t agree with you. D. You’re welcome!
4.—Would you like to play football with me
— . Let’s go.
A. Yes, please B. No, thanks C. Sorry D. Yes, I’d love to
5.What would you like at weekends
A. visit B. visiting C. to visit D. visits
6. 完成句子
1) 我想要一些苹果。
I some apples. = I some apples.
2) 汤姆想打网球。
Tom tennis.
3)我妈妈想让我早点回家。
My mother home early.
要点 4 by+交通工具
Every day, I go to school by school bus.
① “by+表示交通工具的单数名词”,且之间不能有冠词,意为“乘坐(交通工具)”。
如: by underground 乘地铁;by train 乘火车;
② go to ... by ...=take / ride ... to ...
如:go to the library by bike = ride a bike to the library
go to school by bus = take a bus to school
【典例分析】
1. Alice often goes travelling _____.
A. in train B. in the train C. by train D. by the train
2.My sister goes to work by bus. (改为同义句)
=My sister _________ _________ _________ to work.
=My sister goes to work ________ ________ ______.
3.He sometimes takes the train to go to Beijing.(改为同义句)
= He sometimes goes to Beijing __________ __________.
4. He often walks to school.(改为同义句)
= He often goes to school __________ __________.
5. Do you know the boy ____the bike
A.on B.in C.by D .at
6. Jason went to Shanghai ______ air.
A.by B.to C. on D. with
要点 5 friendly的用法
friendly 形容词,友好的。be friendly to 对……友好(注意:虽然以-ly结尾,但不是副词,而是形容词)
类似的词有:
lovely(可爱的)lonely(孤独的)lively (生动的) ugly(丑的) silly (傻的)
be friendly to sb.“对某人友好”。
Our English teacher is very friendly to me.我们的英语老师对我很友好。
【典例分析】
1 — Is your new classmate Jack ________ to you
— Yes, and now we are good _____.
A. friends; friends B. friendly; friendly C. friends; friendly D. friendly; friends
要点6 hope
hope的用法
hope一词意为希望。在使用时应该注意以下几点:
(1) 从说话语气上看,hope用于表示可能实现的事情,后接从句时,用陈述语序。如:
I hope I shall see him again .我希望再次见到他。
(2) 从含义上看,hope多用于指对好事的盼望、预想;对坏事的预想则多用I’m afraid...。如:
I hope it will be fine tomorrow.我希望买明天天气好。
(3) 从时间上看,hope所希望的一般指将来或现在的事情,不用于指过去的事情。如:
I hope he will come.我希望他会来。
(4) 从句型结构上看,hope可用hope to do sth结构,而不能用hope sb to do sth结构。如:
I hope to watch the football match again.我希望再看一场足球赛。
(5) hope后面还可以接that从句,意为:希望......;能......就好了。如:
She hopes that I will pass the exam.她希望我能通过考试。
wish:“希望","愿望",后面接不定式或"代词(名词)+不定式"结构。所表示的希望实现的可能性较小。
常用于以下几种结构:wish + to do sth ; wish sb + to do sth ; wish +that宾语从句(从句中的谓语动词需用虚拟语气)。
【典例分析】
1. I hope _______ I will succeed in getting the job.
A. that B. whether C. if D. how
2.我希望努力学习英语。(翻译)
3.我希望他努力学习英语。(翻译)
4. My mother _______________ me to be a great English teacher.
A. makes B. wishes C. hopes D. lets
5. Do you hope _______________ a picnic with me this weekend
A. to have B. have C. having D. has
要点7
易混疑问副词辨析 How long , How soon , How often , How far
how long:意为(多长时间,指自始至终时间),询问(for/since引导的时间段)
how soon:意为(多久,指从现在起之后),询问(in +时间段表示现在起之后时间)
how often:意为(多长时间一次;多久一次),询问(动作发生的频率)
how far:意为(多远距离),询问(距离、路程)
【典例分析】
1. ---______________ is the playground
---It’s about 7,000 square meters.
A. How long B. How large C. How far D. How much
2. ---_______________ do you brush your teeth
---Twice or more a day.
A. How soon B. How far C. How long D. How often
3.-___________ have you worked here
-For just one month.
A. How often B. How long C. How soon D. How much
要点8
② noise,voice和sound辨析
noise 表示让人感觉不舒服的声音,一般指噪音 Don’t make any noise in class.课堂上不要制造噪音。
voice 表示优美的声音,也可以表示音量。 一般指人的声音 She has a beautiful voice. 她有一副优美的嗓音。
sound “声音”,“响声”讲时,可以指人或动物发出的声音,或物体碰撞的声言。这个词的使用范围很大。可以说,大自然的任何“声音”都可以用sound,该词还可以用作感官动词,意思是“听起来”。 You can hear all kinds of sounds in the city. 在城市你能听到各种声音。 This music sounds beautiful.这音乐听起来很优美。
【典例分析】
1.The music made me think of the ________ of a running stream.
A.shout B.noise C.voice D.sound
2. Don’t make so much _______. My baby is sleeping.
A. voice B. sound C. noise D. choice
3.用noise sound 和voice填空。
1.Don’t make any _________!
2.At midnight he heard a strange __________
3.The girl has a beautiful __________.
4.They are talking in low ___________
5.I heard the__________ of running water
要点9 everyone
everyone pron. 大家;每人
everyone相当于everybody,是不定代词,可在句中作主语或宾语。如:
①Everyone is here today.
今天大家都到齐了。
【注意】everyone作主语时,谓语动词用单数。
everyone 与every one
everyone 意为“每个人,人人”,相当于 everybody,只可指人,作主语时谓语动词用第三人称单数形式,其后不跟of短语
every one 意为“每个”,通常指物,后常跟of短语。与of短语连用之后, every one既可指人,也可指物
Is everyone here 大家都在这儿吗
Every one of us goes there.我们每个人都去那儿。
【辨析】everyone与every one
everyone只能指人,不与of短语连用。而everyone(每一个)既可指人,也可指物,且可与of短语连用。
【典例分析】
1.Everyone in the class (like) playing basketball.
2.All the students ________ here and everyone ________ happy.
A. are; are B. is; is C. are; is D. is; are
3 ._____ is tired after the long walk.
A. Everyone B. Everyone of us ………C. Both of us D. All of us
要点10 family
family是名词,意为“家庭、家人”。当“家庭”讲时,是整体概念,谓语用单数;当“家人”讲时,是复数概念,谓语用复数。
例如:I have a big family. 我有一个大家庭。
【典例分析】
1.My family_________ a big one.
A. is B. am C. are
2. My family_________ watching TV at home.
A. is B. am C. are
要点11 how many
How many +n.(复数)+ 其他 (问数量的多少)
How much +n.(不可数) + 其他 (问数量的多少)
How much +be + 主语 (问价钱)
how many 后跟可数名词复数 提问可数名词的数量
how much 后跟不可数名词 提问不可数名词的数量
单独使用,后不跟名词 提问物品价格
How many students are there in your class 你们班有多少学生?
How much rice do you need 你需要多少米饭?
How much is the bike 这辆自行车需要多少钱?
【典例分析】
1.There are twenty girls in my class.(划线提问)
________ _________ girls are there in your class
2.__________ _______ milk do you want 你要多少牛奶?
3.______ _______ _______ the shoes 这鞋子多少钱?
4.—________apples are there in the basket —Six.
A. How old B. How much C. How many D. How
5. --_____ did the trousers cost -100 yuan.
A. How far B. How many C. How much D. How long
要点12
lots of意为“许多;大量”
lots of相当于a lot of。其后既可以跟复数名词,也可以跟不可数名词。
当其后跟复数名词时,可与many互换;
其后跟不可数名词时,可与much互换。
We’ve got lots of apples. ( =We’ve got many apples. )
We've got lots of tea. (=We've got much tea. )
【典例分析】
1. Eat fruit and vegetable and drink water instead of drinks.
A. a lot B. lots of C. few D. a little
要点13
be good at擅长
It likes water and is good at swimming.
它喜欢水,并且擅长游泳。
Little Tony is good at/does well in maths.
小托尼擅长数学。
be good at意为“擅长”,介词at表示“在某方面”,其后可接名词、代词或动名词形式,其同义词组为do well in。
⑤be good at, be good for, be good to 与be good with
be good at “擅长.....”,后跟名词、代词或动名词,同义词组为 do well in
be good for 对“有.....好处”,反义词组为be bad for
be good to 对……好
be good with 善于应付....的,灵巧的
He is good at playing basketball.他擅长打篮球。
Vegetables are good for us.蔬菜对我们有益。
Our teachers are very good to us.我们的老师对我们很好。
She is good with children她对孩子很有一套。
【典例分析】
1.Kate is good at dancing. (选出与画线部分意思相同或相近的一项)
A.do well in B. does well in C. is interested in D. is good for
2. This kind of animal can swim. It is _________ swimming.
A. good at B. good for C. good to D. good with
3.My little sister is good at ________ the guitar.
A.playing B.plays C.play D.to play
4.—Let’ s divide the rubbish into different kinds before throwing it away.
—OK. It's__________ us to use some of it again.
A. thankful to B. good for C. similar to D. painful for
5 My brother likes music and he is good _____ playing the guitar.
A. at B. to C. for D. with
要点14 with
with用法归纳
(1)“用……”表示使用工具,手段等。
We can walk with our legs and feet. 我们用腿脚行走。
(2) “和……在一起”,表示伴随。例如:
Can you go to a movie with me 你能和我一起去看电影吗?
(3)“带有,具有”。例如:
He’s a tall kid with short hair. 他是个长着一头短发的高个子小孩。
(4) “随着,与……同时”。例如:
He came into the classroom with some books.
【典例分析】
1.He writes with a pencil.
2.He often goes to the library with Jenny.
3.The girl with glasses is from UK.
4.With these words, he left the room.
5.President Xi said that people in the world should build a community _______ a shared future .
A. to B. at C. with D. from
要点15
close to的用法
I live with my family in a house close to some mountain.
我和我的家人居住在靠近群山的一座房子里。
close to意为“(在空间、时间上)接近”,与near意思相近,与far( away) from意思相反,可放于被修饰词后作后置定语
He buys a house close to his office.他买了一所靠近他办公室的房子。
在(be) close to短语中,close是形容词,意为“接近的”,读音为/kl us/
拓展
close作形容词时还可意为“亲密的”。
close还可作动词,意为“关,关闭”,读音为/kl uz/
【典例分析】
1.按要求改写句子,每空一词
His home is near the hospital.(改为同义句)
His home is ________ ________ the hospital
2. The Smith family live in a flat ______ a big market.
A. close B. close to C. near for D. next
要点16
【举例】 When will you complete the work 你们何时完工?
Give me a complete list. 给我一份完整的清单。
The house is a complete mess.这房子实在太乱了。
When will the project be completed 这项工程什么时候完工?
I have finished the letter. 我写完了这封信。
I should do something to end the strike. 我应该做点什么来结束这次罢工。
【典例分析】
1.The house was ________ five months ago.
A. over B. ended C. completed
要点17
【举例】
I have an elder sister. 我有一个姐姐。
My elder sister gave me an apple. 我姐姐给了我一个苹果。
I am four years older than my wife. 我比我的妻子大四岁。
Your bag is older than mine. 你的包比我的旧。
【典例分析】
1. My _________ brother is three years _________ than me.
A. older;older B. older; elder C. elder; older
【重点短语】
1.close to (在空间,时间上)接近 =near
2.go to school on foot步行去上学=walk to school
3.(be) good at 擅长=do well in
4. make friends with 与…….交朋友
5.all over the world遍及 =around the world
6. ‘d like to (would like to )愿意=want to
7. far away from 离……很远
8. on the Internet 在互联网上
9. in my free time 在我的业余时间
10. hear from sb 收到某人来信=receive letter from sb
【重点句式】
1. I would like to be your pen friend. = I want to be your pen friend.
想要成为……
2.How old are you = What’s your age
(询问年龄)
3.My favourite hobby is playing chess. = I like playing chess best.
最喜爱……
4.They are from Beijing. = They come from Beijing.
来自……
5.What do they do = What’re their jobs = What are they
(询问职业)
6.He works as an engineer. = He is an engineer.
是(……职业) I
7. I am keen on sports. = I am interested in sports.
热衷……
8. I can walk to school. = I can go to school on foot.
步行去……
9. My dream is to be an engineer.
(
知识要点二:语法
)
冠词用法 a/an/the
不定冠词用在单数可数名词前面,表示“一”的意义,有a和an两种形式。a用于以辅音发音(不一定是辅音字母)开头的单词之前,an用于以元音发音(不一定是元音字母)开头的单词之前。如:
a boy 一个男孩 a worker 一个工人 a pencil 一支铅笔
an hour 一小时 an elephant 一头大象 an engineer 一个工程师
形容词修饰名词时,不定冠词要放在形容词前,用a还是an取决于形容词的开头读音。如:
a bike 一辆自行车 → an old bike一辆旧自行车 an egg 一个鸡蛋 → a big egg 一个大鸡蛋
不定冠词的用法:
1. 表示一类人或事物。如:
I want to be a doctor. 我想当医生。
You can use a dictionary. 你可以用字典。
2. 表示第一次提及某人或某物。如:
A boy is waiting for you. 有个男孩在等你。
There is a new book on the desk. 书桌上有一本新书。
3. 表示“每一”,相当于every或one。如:
We study eight hours a day. 我们每天学习八小时。
These apples are ten yuan a kilo. 这些苹果每公斤十元。
4. 用于固定搭配中。如:
a little 一点 a lot of 许多 go for a walk 去散步
have a bath 洗澡 have a cold 感冒
have a good time 过得愉快 have a look 看一看
take a rest 休息一会儿 keep a diary 记日记
【典例分析】
一、选用a或an填空。
1. My sister is ________ teacher.
2. This is ________ old film.
3. Sam wants to be ________ engineer.
4. Miss Li is ________ nice nurse.
5. ________ friendly girl sits near me.
6. I will come back in half ________ hour.
7. We have three meals ________ day.
8. Tom is ________ honest boy.
9. What ________ interesting book it is!
10. My dream is to be ________ good engineer.
2,特殊疑问句
以疑问词开头,对句中某一成分提问的句子叫特殊疑问句。常用的疑问词有:
what 什么,who 谁,whose 谁的,which 哪个,哪些
when 什么时候,where 哪里,why 为什么,how 怎么,怎样
how old 多大年纪,how many 多少,how much 多少(钱)how far 多远
★特殊疑问句的语序:
1. 如疑问词对主语提问,其语序是:疑问词+动词+其他成分?
Who are your friends?谁是你的朋友?
How many people speak English 有多少人讲英语?
2. 如疑问词对其他成分提问,其语序是:
疑问词+一般疑问句?如:
What are you good at?你擅长什么?
Whose bike is this?这是谁的自行车?
Where do you come from?你是哪儿人?
When does he get up?他什么时候起床?
How do you go to school?你怎么去学校的?
★注意:
1 回答一般疑问句时,用yes或no。回答特殊疑问句时,要针对所问内容,问什么答什么。如:
特殊疑问句的自我介绍
Hello, everyone!
我的名字叫特殊疑问句。我的特点是用疑问词开头,由于疑问词主要以wh-作词首,所以有人给我起了个绰号——wh-疑问句。我的用途是对句子的某一成分进行提问,问具体的人或事、时间、地点、原因等,因此问什么答什么。
— Who is from Japan?谁是日本人?
— Yuki (is).由纪(是)。
— Where’s the bank?银行在哪儿?
— Near the post office.在邮局附近。
— Why do you like pandas?你为什么喜欢熊猫?
— Because they are cute.因为它们很可爱。
意思 用法
who 谁 问人的身份,姓名等
whom 谁 问人的身份,姓名等(问宾语)
what 什么 问人的职业或事物是什么
which 哪一个 问一定范围内特指的人或物
whose 谁的 问所属关系
what color 什么颜色 问颜色(表语)
What time 几点 问点时间
when 什么时候 问时间
where 什么地方 问地点(状语)
why 为什么 问原因
how 怎样 问健康状况、/做事的方式等
how old 多大几岁 问年龄
how many 多少 跟复数名词/问数量
how much 多少 跟不可数名词/问数量或价钱
how far 多远 问路程
how soon 多久 问in+一段时间
how long 多久 问一段时间,/问物体的长短
how often 多久(一次) 问频率
【典例分析】
1.—I wonder ____ the students have a physical examination.
—Once a year.
A. how far B. how soon C. how long D. how often
3. -__________do you sleep every day, Eric
-For about eight hours.
A. How much B. How fast C. How often D. How long
3. _________ is your elder sister Is she a policewoman
A. What B. Who C. Where D. When
4. _________ water is there in the world
A. How old B. How much C. How many D. How
5. --_______ is the woman in the room -My aunt.
A. When B. Who C. Whose D. Which
6. --_____ did the trousers cost -100 yuan.
A. How far B. How many C. How much D. How long
7. --_______is your elder brother like -He is tall with short hair.
A. Who B. Which C. How D. What
8. —________ will the invitations be sent to our guests (2015广州)
—In three days.
A. How often B. How soon C. How long D. How far
9. —________ did you work out the problem in such a short time
—With Mr Li's help.
A. When B. Where C. How D. Which
10. —_______ do you go to your home town
—I go to my home town every year.
A. How long B. How much C. How often D. How soon
(
知识要点三:书面表达
)
话题一:人物介绍
假设你叫小华(Xiaohua),在网上看到一位名叫汤姆 (Tom)的男孩的信息,你很想与他交朋友。请就此写一封信给汤姆,向他介绍你的年龄、外貌、兴趣爱好、家庭成员、学校状况、你的理想等,并希望能尽快收到他的来信并与之成为好朋友。
要求:语意连贯,条理清楚,信中不能出现真实姓名和校名,60字左右。
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