中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit 3 The Earth
单元小结
(
思维导图
)
(
知识要点一、重点单词，短语及句式。
)
【精讲精练】
要点 1：protect
protect 保护
(1) protect against
意为“使免受”(大事件）;防范
Exercise will protect against heart attacks.
运动可以防范心脏病。
(2) protect from
意为“使免受”（小事件）
He is always protecting himself from danger. 他总是保护着自己免受侵害
(3) protection n.
意为“保护，防卫” Parents always provide protection for their children.
父母总是为他们的孩子提供保护。
【思维导图】
【典例分析】
根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词
1. 我们愿意保护濒临灭绝的野生动物。
We’re willing to __________ ______________ wild animals.
2. 你最好戴上太阳镜，来保护你的眼睛免受阳光的伤害。
You’d better wear sunglasses to __________ your eyes ______________ sunshine.
3. Alice wants to buy a pair of sunglasses to protect herself________ the sun.
A. for B. under C. with D. against
要点2 provide
provide v. 提供
(1) provide sth for sb意为“为某人准备某物”
The supermarket provides all kinds of fruits for us.
超市为我们提供了各种各样的水果。
(2) provide sb with sth 意思和(1)相同,宾语换了一下
The supermarket provides us with all kinds of fruits.
超市为我们提供了各种各样的水果。
【思维导图】
【典例分析】
1. 他为他的家人提供食物和衣服。
He provided food and clothes for his family.
＝ He _________his family ________food and clothes.
2．They didn’t provide me food, so I had to find something to eat.
A．for B．to C．about D．with
3. The newly-opened company ________ the local people with more chances to work.
A. gives B. provides C. offers D. shows
4. —In the past five years, China has played an important role in the Belt and Road.
—It has _____ many nations a great chance to communicate.
A. offered B. supported C. included D. provided
5. When I’m in trouble, my sister always _________________.
A. offers helping me B. offers to help me C. asks me to help D. asks me at help
要点3 pollution
pollute v. 污染
Wasted water will pollute the environment. 废水会污染环境。
(2) pollution n. 意为“污染”
The air pollution is becoming worse and worse.
空气污染变得越来越糟糕。
(3) polluted adj. 意为“被污染的”
Polluted water is a great danger to people's health.
受污染的水对人们的健康有很大危害。
【思维导图】
【典例分析】
1. There is less ____________(pollute) in Suzhou than in other cities in China.
2. The local people had to move away because the environment is seriously ____________(pollute).
3.This river is dirty because it is ________ by the water from that chemistry factory.
A. reduced B. polluted C. included D. created
4. Sleeping with lights on is a . You’d better make sure all the lights are off before you go to bed.
A. pollution B. action C. waste D. collection
5. There are many kinds of ____________ (pollute) around us.
6.The river is badly ____________ (pollute).
要点4 must
【思维导图】
【典例分析】
1.Bob can not come out to play because he __________ help Dad in the garden.
A .can B. must C. has to
2. —__________ I finish my homework now
—No, you __________. Your work is over today.
A. Can't; must B. Must; don't have to C. May; couldn't
1.This book be Lucy's. Look! Her name is on it.
A. can B. may C. must D. might
2.This pair of glasses be Tony's. He's the only one who wears glasses.
A. must B. might C. can't
3. I go now, or I'll miss my train.
A. can B. might C. must D. could
4. —Didn’t you see the zebra crossing You ______ slow down, son!
—Sorry, sir. Am I going to fail the test
A. can’t B. can C. mustn’t D. must
要点5 important
important adj.重要的
(1) importance 名词，意为“重要性”
the importance of… … 的重要性
The boy didn’t know the importance of reading.
那个男孩子不知道阅读的重要性。
(2) It's +important +（for sb）+to do sth. 意为“.....是重要的”
It is important for us to protect the Earth.
保护地球对我们来说是重要的。
Have a problem (in)doing sth.=have problems（in）doing sth.
意为“在做某事方面有困难” I have some problems in learning English.
我在学习英语方面有困难。
【典例分析】
1. Do you know the ____________ (important) of education
2. It is __________ (important) to study the history of China.
要点6 land
(1) land作动词，意为“降落(或跳落、跌落)到地面(或水面上)。”
(2) land还可作名词，意为“陆地;大地”。 by land意为“经陆路”
【典例分析】
1.请判断land的词性
We live on the land.
The plane landed in Shanghai.
2.我从楼梯上摔了下去，重重地摔在下面。
I fell and __________heavily at the bottom of the stairs.
3.一只鸟落在了他的头上。
A bird _________on his head.
要点7 report
report n．报告，汇报
【考点分析】report作名词时，是可数名词，其后常接介词on/about/of表示“关于……的报告”。
常用短语：give a report to sb.向某人作报告；
它也可以作为动词，意为“报告，汇报”；它的派生词为reporter，意为“记者”。
A woman reporter is reporting the news. Have you heard of the report about it
一名女记者正在报道新闻。你听说过关于它的报道吗？
【典例分析】
1.你必须要马上向老师报告.
2. 据说司机受了重伤。
3. 他把自己的发现向教授作了汇报。
4.他写了一份关于保护环境的报告。
要点8 own
own作形容词，意为“自己的,特有的”，常和名词所有格或形容词性物主代词one’s (my / our / your / his / her / its / their)一起使用,以加强语气。
(1) 如果被修饰的名词前没有a, any, some, no, this, that等限定词修饰时,名词所有格或形容词性物主代词 + own直接前置修饰该名词。例如:
This is not my uncle’s own house. 这不是我叔叔自己的房子。
She makes all her own clothes. 她所有的衣服都是她自己做的。
(2) 如果被修饰名词前面已经有a, any, some, no, this, that等限定词修饰时,名词所有格或形容词性物主代词 + own就要与of构成短语一起放在该名词后面作后置定语。例如:
She has a mind of her own. 她颇有主见。
Ancient Chinese created this medical science of China’s own.
古代中国人创造了这样一种中国所特有的医学。
I have some reasons of my own for wishing to do so. 我有些想这么干的理由。
【思维导图】
【典例分析】
1.他有一座自己的房子，这座房子是去年他独自建的，所以他是该房子的主人。
He has a house __________，and the house was built __________last year，so he is the_________ of the house.
2.It's dangerous for you to go out for a walk in the forest _______at night.
A. on business B.by the way C. on your own D. on the top
3.It’s against the law for him to rush into ________ house without permission.
A.my own private B .him own private
C. his own D. own his private
4. I __________my_______ house because I grow up. (own)
5.I want to see the _________ (own) of the company.
要点9 辨析：a few & few & a little & little（高频考题）
a few “一些；几个”，修饰可数名词复数，表示肯定意义。 There are a few apples in the box.盒子里有几个苹果。 There are few apples in the box. 盒子里没几个苹果。
few “几个；很少”，修饰可数名词复数，表示否定意义。
a little “一点；一些”，修饰不可数名词，表示肯定意义。 There is a little water in the glass.杯子里有一些水。 There is little water in the glass.杯子里几乎没有水。
little “一点；很少”，修饰不可数名词，表示否定意义。
【典例分析】
一、选用few a few little a little 填空
1. Please hurry up. There is _________ time left.
2. Please don’t worry. There is still _________ time left.
3. The box is very heavy. And ___________of us can lift it.
4. There is __________ink in my pen, Please give me____________.
5. Simon makes __________ friends in his class because he is very selfish and dishonest.
6.There is _________food in the cupboard. I must go and get some.
7.The question is difficult and ____________ students can answer it.
8.The question is difficult but ____________ students can answer it.
9.You should walk __________faster.
10 There are a lot of new books, but____________ of them are easy to read.
二、单项选择
11. Mike did very well in this math exam and he made ______ mistakes in it.
A. little B. few C. a little D. a few
12. —Hurry up! The movie is beginning.
—Don’t worry. There is still ______ time left
A. little B. a little C. a few D. few
13.—Is your friend Michael still in Australia
—I don't know. I have ________ information about him because we haven't seen each other for _______ years.
A．a little；a few B．little；a few C．a few；a little D．few；a little
14.The man has _______ friends in this city，so he often stays at home.
A. a few B. few C. little D. a little
要点10 stop
stop的用法
（1）stop doing sth.表示“停止做某事”，doing是stop的宾语，是要停止的动作。
（2）stop to do 表示“停下来开始做某事”, to do是stop的状语，表示目的，是要开始做的事情。
（3）stop …from 表示阻止。。。做某事
【典例分析】
1. You look tired, you must________.
A. stops to work B. stopped working C. stop to work D. stop working
2. In the end, we felt tired, so we stopped ______ a rest.
A. having B. to have C. had D. have
3. When the child saw his new toy, he stopped ______.
A. cry B. to cry C. crying D. to crying
4 When my friend saw me this morning, he stopped ______ to me.
A. talk B. to talk C. talking D. to talking
5.请停止说话，咱们开始上课。
Please _________ _____________. Let’s start the lesson.
6.大雨使我们踢不了球。
The heavy rain ___________ us ___________ ___________ football.
7.我们必须阻止人们砍伐树林。
We must ___________people _____________ ____________ down trees.
要点11
also, too, as well与either的区别
【思维导图】
【典例分析】
用too, also, as well或either填空
1. They __________ went to the park last weekend.
2. He didn’t bring his homework to school, __________.
3. She bought some clothes __________.
4. Jack went fishing, __________.
5. David's parents can speak Chinese, and he can ______ speak Chinese.
6. Mr. Green doesn't like going climbing ______.
7. Lucy likes English, and Lily likes English .
A. also B. either C. so D. as well
要点 12 It is+ adj.+ for sb. +to do sth
It is important for us to protect the Earth for our future.对我们来说，为未来而保护地球是重要.的。
It is+ adj.+ for sb. +to do sth 对某人来说做某事是……
It is important for us to learn English. 对我们来说学英语很重要。
It’s very important for us to learn English well. 对我们来说学好英语很有用。
It is good for me to eat more vegetables. 多吃蔬菜对我而言是有好处的。
注意：以上句型中，有时也可将for sb.省去，即 It is +adj.+ to do sth.做某事是……样的
【典例分析】
1. As we all know, is not safe to rush to the school canteen.
A. this B that C it D be
2. It is important ______ English well.
A. learn B. learns C. learning D. to learn
3.对孩子们来说，穿过繁忙的街道很危险。
It’s very _____________ ____________children to cross the busy street.
4.保护环境对我们来说很重要。
It's ______________ _____________ us to protect the environment.
要点 13 put
put v 放
put…into 意为“把……放入……；把……倒入……”
They put the waste water into the river. 他们把废水倒入河流
(2) 拓展与put有关的短语：
put up 举起，张贴 ；
put off 推迟，推延；
put away把……收拾好 ；
put down放下；
put on穿上 ；
put out 熄灭，扑灭
1.John put up his hand to answer the question. John举起手去回答问题。
2.They put off the meeting. 他们推迟了会议。
3. I have to put away my books. 我必须把我的书收拾好。
4,He put down the box. 他放下了那个箱子。
5.It is cold, you’d better put on your coat. 现在很冷，你最好穿上你的外套。
6. The firemen came there in time and put out the big fire. 消防员及时赶到那并扑灭了那场大火。
【典例分析】
1.—Jason, would you please this notice
—With pleasure.
put on B. put off C. put up D. put out
2. Tony bought a photo of his favourite sports star and________ on his bedroom wall.
A. gave it up B. found it out
C. looked it through D. put it up
3. —Jason, could you please ________ this picture on the wall
—With pleasure.
A. put on B. put off
C. put up D. put out
4.The exam is over and results will be on Friday afternoon.
A. put down B. put off C. put up D. put away
要点14 help.
1）help在此处作不可数名词，意为“帮助；援助”。
with sb.’s help = with the help of sb.,意为“在某人的帮助下”。
Many thanks for your help.多谢你的帮助。
2）help也可作动词，意为“帮助；援助”，
(1)help sb.(to) do sth.帮助某人做某事
I help them (to) take the books to the teacher.我帮他们带书本给老师。
(2)help sb. with sth.帮助某人做某事
Mary helps her mother with housework at weekends.玛丽周末帮她妈妈做家务。
(3)help oneself 随便吃点(食物)
Help yourself to some fish.随便吃点鱼吧。
【典例分析】
1.Bill does well in English now ________ the help of his teacher.
A．to B．with C．under
2. Help ______ to some desserts and fruit, Julie and Marc!
—Thank you！
A．you B．your C．yourself D．yourselves
3. I often help my mother________ housework after school.
A. do B. doing C. to doing D. does
【重点短语】
1. 在陆地上 _____________ 2. 在水底 _________________
3. 为……提供…… _________________ 4. 许多 _____________
5. 燃烧某物 _____________ 6. 把……倒入…… _________________
7. 在地底下 _________________ 8. 停止做某事 _________________
9. 保护地球 _________________ 10. 为了我们的未来 _________________
11. 例如 _________________ 12. 扔掉_________________
【重点句型】
1.The Earth provides us with air, water and food.
地球为我们提供了空气、水和食物。
2. Today, there is a lot of pollution.
今天，（地球上）存在着很多的污染。
3. We burn things to make energy.
我们为获取能量燃烧东西。（burn; make）
4. We put our rubbish into the sea and under the ground.
我们把垃圾倾倒入海、埋入地下。(put … into …)
5. The environment is becoming worse and worse.
环境正变得越来越糟糕。
6 When going out ,we should take a bus instead of driving a car.
当你出门时，你应该乘公共汽车而不开车。
7. We must stop cutting down trees, and plant more.
我们必须停止砍伐树林。多种树。
8. People throw away a lot of rubbish. It pollutes the land.
人们丢掉许多垃圾，这污染了大地。
9. It is important for us to protect the Earth for our future.
对我们来说，为了我们的未来，保护地球是非常重要的。
(
知识要点二：语法
)
1、可数名词与不可数名词
【知识点思维导图】
2 there be句型
【知识点思维导图】
【典例分析】
一、选择填空
1. —How can I get some ______ about the 2024 Olympic Games
—Why not search the Internet
A. information B. experience C. practice
2. —What would you like to eat
—Some ______, please.
A. bread B. cake C. coffee D. tea
3. Mr. Black gave us ______ on how to learn English well.
A. an advice B. many advice C. some advice D. some advices
4. —______ there any living things on other planets
—I have no ideas. Maybe we can know more about that in the future.
A. Is B. Are C. Has D. Have
5. There ______ lots of sheep and pigs on my uncle's farm now.
A. was B. were C. is D. are
6.Three _______ and two _______ are talking.
A. German; Japanese B. Germen; Japaneses C. Germans; Japanese
7.There are 20 _______ in our school.
A. woman teachers B. women teacher C. women teachers
8.Don’t throw _______ into the lake.
A. rubbish B. rubbishs C. rubbishes
9.There________ a football match on CCTV-5 at nine tomorrow evening.
A. will have B. is going to be C. is having
10. There _____ still some milk in the fridge. It’s not necessary to go to the store today.
A. am B.is C. are D. be
二、翻译短句。(there be 结构)
1 椅子下面有一只猫。
2 教室里没有20个学生。
3 袋子里有一些面包。
4 书桌上有两本书吗？
5 你们学校有多少个班？
6.明天将有一场大雨。
(
知识要点三：书面表达
)
话题三 如何保护环境
你们班准备开一个主题为“保护地球，从我做起”的班会，你想在会上以“What should we do to protect the Earth ”为主题进行发言。我们只有一个地球，应该好好爱护她，但地球上的污染越来越多，所以保护地球非常重要，你想提出一些环保倡议。
内容包括：
1.节约纸和笔。
2.不乱扔垃圾。
3.离开房间要关灯；洗完手要关水龙头。
4.步行，骑自行车或乘公交车。
要求：
1字数：60字左右（标题已给出，不计入总字数）。
2文章必须包含所有提示内容，并可作适当发挥。
3条理清楚，语句通顺，意思连贯，书面规范。
参考词汇：水龙头 tap；从小事做起 start out small
What should we do to protect the Earth
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
21世纪教育网 www.21cnjy.com 精品试卷·第 2 页 （共 2 页）
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit 3 The Earth
单元小结
(
思维导图
)
(
知识要点一、重点单词，短语及句式。
)
【精讲精练】
要点 1：protect
protect 保护
(1) protect against
意为“使免受”(大事件）;防范
Exercise will protect against heart attacks.
运动可以防范心脏病。
(2) protect from
意为“使免受”（小事件）
He is always protecting himself from danger. 他总是保护着自己免受侵害
(3) protection n.
意为“保护，防卫” Parents always provide protection for their children.
父母总是为他们的孩子提供保护。
【思维导图】
【典例分析】
根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词
1. 我们愿意保护濒临灭绝的野生动物。
We’re willing to __________ ______________ wild animals.
【答案】protect from/against
2. 你最好戴上太阳镜，来保护你的眼睛免受阳光的伤害。
You’d better wear sunglasses to __________ your eyes ______________ sunshine.
【答案】protect from/against
3. Alice wants to buy a pair of sunglasses to protect herself________ the sun.
A. for B. under C. with D. against
【答案】D句意：Alice想买一副眼镜，来保护他自己阻挡太阳。Protect...against表示保护……免受……。根据题意，故选D。
要点2 provide
provide v. 提供
(1) provide sth for sb意为“为某人准备某物”
The supermarket provides all kinds of fruits for us.
超市为我们提供了各种各样的水果。
(2) provide sb with sth 意思和(1)相同,宾语换了一下
The supermarket provides us with all kinds of fruits.
超市为我们提供了各种各样的水果。
【思维导图】
【典例分析】
1. 他为他的家人提供食物和衣服。
He provided food and clothes for his family.
＝ He _________his family ________food and clothes.
【答案】provided with
2．They didn’t provide me food, so I had to find something to eat.
A．for B．to C．about D．with
【答案】D
【解析】句意：他们没有给我提供食物，于是我不得不找东西吃。provide sb．with sth．相当于provide sth．for sb．为某人提供某物。故选D。
3. The newly-opened company ________ the local people with more chances to work.
A. gives B. provides C. offers D. shows
【答案】B
【解析】考查动词辨析。句意为“这家新开业的公司给当地人提供了更多的就业机会”。provide sb. with sth. 为某人提供某物。
4. —In the past five years, China has played an important role in the Belt and Road.
—It has _____ many nations a great chance to communicate.
A. offered B. supported C. included D. provided
【答案】A
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意为“—在过去的五年中, 中国在一带一路中发挥了重要作用。—它为很多国家提供了一个交流的好机会”。offer提供; support支持; include包括; provide提供。offer sb. sth. offer sth. to Sb. 提供某人某物。 Provide sb. with sth.= provide sth. for sb. 故答案选A
5. When I’m in trouble, my sister always _________________.
A. offers helping me B. offers to help me C. asks me to help D. asks me at help
【点拨】B句意：每当我遇到麻烦，我的姐姐总是会主动帮助我。考查动词短语辨析：offer to do sth主动提出做某事；ask sb to do sth要求某人去做某事；根据句意为主动做某事。故选B。
要点3 pollution
pollute v. 污染
Wasted water will pollute the environment. 废水会污染环境。
(2) pollution n. 意为“污染”
The air pollution is becoming worse and worse.
空气污染变得越来越糟糕。
(3) polluted adj. 意为“被污染的”
Polluted water is a great danger to people's health.
受污染的水对人们的健康有很大危害。
【思维导图】
【典例分析】
1. There is less ____________(pollute) in Suzhou than in other cities in China.
【答案】pollution
2. The local people had to move away because the environment is seriously ____________(pollute).
【答案】polluted
3.This river is dirty because it is ________ by the water from that chemistry factory.
A. reduced B. polluted C. included D. created
【答案】B。本题考查动词辨析。reduce意为“减少”，pollute意为“污染”，include意为“包含”，create意为“创造”。结合语境可知应选B。
4. Sleeping with lights on is a . You’d better make sure all the lights are off before you go to bed.
A. pollution B. action C. waste D. collection
【答案】选C。考查名词辨析。句意: 开着灯睡觉是一种浪费。你最好确保睡觉前把所有的灯关掉。pollution“污染”; action“行动”; waste“浪费”; collection“收集”。
5. There are many kinds of ____________ (pollute) around us.
6.The river is badly ____________ (pollute).
【点拨】第一题 pollution 污染 不可数名词。第二题用动词。polluted 被动语态。
要点4 must
【思维导图】
【典例分析】
1.Bob can not come out to play because he __________ help Dad in the garden.
A .can B. must C. has to
【点拨】 C must 必须 一定。表示主观上要求。如I must finish the work. 表示我对自己的要求。 have to 不得不 客观上要求。（没办法，必须）上题中，Bob 不能出来玩耍因为他不得不在花园帮爸爸（干活）。
2. —__________ I finish my homework now
—No, you __________. Your work is over today.
A. Can't; must B. Must; don't have to C. May; couldn't
【点拨】B must 的否定回答要用needn’t don’t have to=needn’t不必。
1.This book be Lucy's. Look! Her name is on it.
A. can B. may C. must D. might
【答案】本题考查情态动词表推测时的用法。句意:这本书一定是露西的。看!她的名字在上面。根据本题语境可知,此处表示语气较为肯定的推测,要用must“一定;肯定”,故答案为C。
2.This pair of glasses be Tony's. He's the only one who wears glasses.
A. must B. might C. can't
【答案】 A结合题干中的“他是唯一一个戴眼镜的人”可推断,这副眼镜“一定”是托尼的,故must符合题意。
3. I go now, or I'll miss my train.
A. can B. might C. must D. could
【答案】 C本题考查情态动词的用法。句意:我现在必须走了,否则就赶不上火车了。故所缺的情态动词是must。
4. —Didn’t you see the zebra crossing You ______ slow down, son!
—Sorry, sir. Am I going to fail the test
A. can’t B. can C. mustn’t D. must
【答案】考查情态动词。根据常识可知开车时遇到人行道要慢下来。故此处应用must表示“必须”。故选D。
要点5 important
important adj.重要的
(1) importance 名词，意为“重要性”
the importance of… … 的重要性
The boy didn’t know the importance of reading.
那个男孩子不知道阅读的重要性。
(2) It's +important +（for sb）+to do sth. 意为“.....是重要的”
It is important for us to protect the Earth.
保护地球对我们来说是重要的。
Have a problem (in)doing sth.=have problems（in）doing sth.
意为“在做某事方面有困难” I have some problems in learning English.
我在学习英语方面有困难。
【典例分析】
1. Do you know the ____________ (important) of education
2. It is __________ (important) to study the history of China.
【点拨】importance 重要性，名词。 第二题 系表结构 用形容词 important
要点6 land
(1) land作动词，意为“降落(或跳落、跌落)到地面(或水面上)。”
(2) land还可作名词，意为“陆地;大地”。 by land意为“经陆路”
【典例分析】
1.请判断land的词性
We live on the land.
【点拨】land 陆地。名词。
The plane landed in Shanghai.
【点拨】land 着陆，动词。
2.我从楼梯上摔了下去，重重地摔在下面。
I fell and __________heavily at the bottom of the stairs.
【点拨】landed
3.一只鸟落在了他的头上。
A bird _________on his head.
【点拨】landed
要点7 report
report n．报告，汇报
【考点分析】report作名词时，是可数名词，其后常接介词on/about/of表示“关于……的报告”。
常用短语：give a report to sb.向某人作报告；
它也可以作为动词，意为“报告，汇报”；它的派生词为reporter，意为“记者”。
A woman reporter is reporting the news. Have you heard of the report about it
一名女记者正在报道新闻。你听说过关于它的报道吗？
【典例分析】
1.你必须要马上向老师报告.
误: You must report the teacher at once.
正: You must report to the teacher at once.
注：report sb意为“告发某人”。
2. 据说司机受了重伤。
【答案】It's reported that the driver was seriously hurt.
3. 他把自己的发现向教授作了汇报。
【答案】He reported his discoveries to the professor.
4.他写了一份关于保护环境的报告。
【答案】He wrote a report about/on protecting environment.
要点8 own
own作形容词，意为“自己的,特有的”，常和名词所有格或形容词性物主代词one’s (my / our / your / his / her / its / their)一起使用,以加强语气。
(1) 如果被修饰的名词前没有a, any, some, no, this, that等限定词修饰时,名词所有格或形容词性物主代词 + own直接前置修饰该名词。例如:
This is not my uncle’s own house. 这不是我叔叔自己的房子。
She makes all her own clothes. 她所有的衣服都是她自己做的。
(2) 如果被修饰名词前面已经有a, any, some, no, this, that等限定词修饰时,名词所有格或形容词性物主代词 + own就要与of构成短语一起放在该名词后面作后置定语。例如:
She has a mind of her own. 她颇有主见。
Ancient Chinese created this medical science of China’s own.
古代中国人创造了这样一种中国所特有的医学。
I have some reasons of my own for wishing to do so. 我有些想这么干的理由。
【思维导图】
【典例分析】
1.他有一座自己的房子，这座房子是去年他独自建的，所以他是该房子的主人。
He has a house __________，and the house was built __________last year，so he is the_________ of the house.
【答案】of his own 意为“（某人）自己的” on his own意为“独自” owner “所有权人；主人”
2.It's dangerous for you to go out for a walk in the forest _______at night.
A. on business B.by the way C. on your own D. on the top
【答案】你晚上一个人到森林里去散步是很危险的。on one's own意为“独自”，符合题意。
3.It’s against the law for him to rush into ________ house without permission.
A.my own private B .him own private
C. his own D. own his private
【答案】句意为“他未经允许闯入我的私人房屋是违法的”。Own 私人的。故选A
4. I __________my_______ house because I grow up. (own)
【点拨】 own 动词拥有。第二空用own 自己的形容词。On one’s own独自的。
5.I want to see the _________ (own) of the company.
【点拨】owner所有者，主人。
要点9 辨析：a few & few & a little & little（高频考题）
a few “一些；几个”，修饰可数名词复数，表示肯定意义。 There are a few apples in the box.盒子里有几个苹果。 There are few apples in the box. 盒子里没几个苹果。
few “几个；很少”，修饰可数名词复数，表示否定意义。
a little “一点；一些”，修饰不可数名词，表示肯定意义。 There is a little water in the glass.杯子里有一些水。 There is little water in the glass.杯子里几乎没有水。
little “一点；很少”，修饰不可数名词，表示否定意义。
【典例分析】
一、选用few a few little a little 填空
1. Please hurry up. There is _________ time left.
【答案】little。句意：请快点。剩下的时间不多了。Time 不可数名词。little 表示：几乎没有。little符合题意。
2. Please don’t worry. There is still _________ time left.
【答案】a little 句意：请不要担心。还有一点时间。a little表示：有一点。
3. The box is very heavy. And ___________of us can lift it.
【答案】few 句意：这个箱子很重。很少有人能举起它。few 几乎没有，修饰可数名词。
4. There is __________ink in my pen, Please give me____________.
【答案】little a little 句意：我的钢笔里没有墨水，请给我一点。
5. Simon makes __________ friends in his class because he is very selfish and dishonest.
【答案】few 句意：西蒙在班上很少交朋友，因为他非常自私和不诚实。few 几乎没有，修饰可数名词。
6.There is _________food in the cupboard. I must go and get some.
【答案】little 句意：碗橱里几乎没有食物。我得去拿点。Little 几乎没有。符合题意。
7.The question is difficult and ____________ students can answer it.
【答案】few 句意：这个问题很难，几乎没有学生能回答。few 几乎没有，修饰可数名词。
8.The question is difficult but ____________ students can answer it.
【答案】a few 句意：这个问题很难，但有几个学生能回答。A few 有几个。
9.You should walk __________faster.
【答案】a little. a little也可以用作副词，修饰形容词、副词、动词以及介词短语.其它几个词都没有这种用法。
10 There are a lot of new books, but____________ of them are easy to read.
【答案】few 。有很多新书，但是没几本容易读懂。
二、单项选择
11. Mike did very well in this math exam and he made ______ mistakes in it.
A. little B. few C. a little D. a few
【答案】B句意：马克在数学考试中做得很好，他很少犯错误。
A. little很少；修饰不可数名词；表示否定意义；B. few很少；修饰可数名词的复数，表示否定意义；C. a little一些，修饰不可数名词，表示肯定意义；D. a few一些，修饰可数名词 的复数，表示肯定意义。这里mistakes是可数名词的复数，这里表示否定意义，根据题意，故选B。
12. —Hurry up! The movie is beginning.
—Don’t worry. There is still ______ time left
A. little B. a little C. a few D. few
【答案】B句意：——快点！这部电影快开始了。——不要担心。仍然有一点儿时间剩下。
little几乎没有，修饰不可数名词；a little一点，修饰不可数名词；a few一些，修饰可数名词；few几乎没有，修饰可数名词。根据Don't worry.可知不要担心，还有一些时间，修饰不可数名词time，故用a little。故选B。
13.—Is your friend Michael still in Australia
—I don't know. I have ________ information about him because we haven't seen each other for _______ years.
A．a little；a few B．little；a few C．a few；a little D．few；a little
【答案】B
【解析】此题用题眼法和正确把握语境法解答。题眼information是不可数名词，years是可数名词，排除C和D两项；又根据句意“你的朋友Michael还在澳大利亚吗？”“我不知道，对于他我了解的信息很少，因为我们几年没见面了。”可知第一个空表示否定概念，应用little修饰；第二个空表示肯定的概念应用a few修饰。故选B。
14.The man has _______ friends in this city，so he often stays at home.
A. a few B. few C. little D. a little
【答案】B
【解析】此题用题眼法和正确把握语境法解答。根据题眼可数名词friends可排除C和D两项；又根据后半句句意“因此他经常呆在家里”可推断出：这个男人在这个城市中几乎没有朋友。故选B。
要点10 stop
stop的用法
（1）stop doing sth.表示“停止做某事”，doing是stop的宾语，是要停止的动作。
（2）stop to do 表示“停下来开始做某事”, to do是stop的状语，表示目的，是要开始做的事情。
（3）stop …from 表示阻止。。。做某事
【典例分析】
1. You look tired, you must________.
A. stops to work B. stopped working C. stop to work D. stop working
【答案】D你看起来很累，所以你必须停止工作。故答案选D。stop doing sth.表示“停止做某事”
2. In the end, we felt tired, so we stopped ______ a rest.
A. having B. to have C. had D. have
【答案】B 最后，我们感到累，我们停下来休息。故答案选B。stop to do 表示“停下来开始做某事”
3. When the child saw his new toy, he stopped ______.
A. cry B. to cry C. crying D. to crying
【点拨】C当孩子看到他的新玩具，他停止哭。所以选 C
4 When my friend saw me this morning, he stopped ______ to me.
A. talk B. to talk C. talking D. to talking
【点拨】B 早晨当我朋友看见我的时候，他停下来和我说活。Stop to do 停下来做另一件事。答案选B
5.请停止说话，咱们开始上课。
Please _________ _____________. Let’s start the lesson.
【答案】stop speaking。stop doing sth.表示“停止做某事”
6.大雨使我们踢不了球。
The heavy rain ___________ us ___________ ___________ football.
【答案】stopped from playing。stop …from 表示阻止。。。做某事。
7.我们必须阻止人们砍伐树林。
We must ___________people _____________ ____________ down trees.
【答案】stop from cutting。表示阻止。。。做某事。
要点11
also, too, as well与either的区别
【思维导图】
【典例分析】
用too, also, as well或either填空
1. They __________ went to the park last weekend.
2. He didn’t bring his homework to school, __________.
3. She bought some clothes __________.
4. Jack went fishing, __________.
5. David's parents can speak Chinese, and he can ______ speak Chinese.
6. Mr. Green doesn't like going climbing ______.
【点拨】1.also 常用在句中，be动词之后行为动词之前。
2.either 用于否定句中，句末。
3.as well用于肯定句句末。不用逗号。
4.too 用于肯定句句末。用逗号隔开。
5. also.放在句中。
6.either。 用于否定句，而且只能放在句末。
7. Lucy likes English, and Lily likes English .
A. also B. either C. so D. as well
【点拨】D考查词义辨析。also意为“也”, 用于句中; either意为“也”, 用于否定句句末; so意为“所以”, 表示结果; as well意为“也”, 用于肯定句句末。故选D。
要点 12 It is+ adj.+ for sb. +to do sth
It is important for us to protect the Earth for our future.对我们来说，为未来而保护地球是重要.的。
It is+ adj.+ for sb. +to do sth 对某人来说做某事是……
It is important for us to learn English. 对我们来说学英语很重要。
It’s very important for us to learn English well. 对我们来说学好英语很有用。
It is good for me to eat more vegetables. 多吃蔬菜对我而言是有好处的。
注意：以上句型中，有时也可将for sb.省去，即 It is +adj.+ to do sth.做某事是……样的
【典例分析】
1. As we all know, is not safe to rush to the school canteen.
A. this B that C it D be
【点拨】C 考查句式结构：it’s adj to do。做某事。。。怎样的。It做形式主语。
2. It is important ______ English well.
A. learn B. learns C. learning D. to learn
【点拨】D 掌握句式：It’s adj for to do 。做某事对某人来说。。。怎样的 句意：学好英语很重要。
3.对孩子们来说，穿过繁忙的街道很危险。
It’s very _____________ ____________children to cross the busy street.
【点拨】dangerous for
4.保护环境对我们来说很重要。
It's ______________ _____________ us to protect the environment.
【点拨】important for
要点 13 put
put v 放
put…into 意为“把……放入……；把……倒入……”
They put the waste water into the river. 他们把废水倒入河流
(2) 拓展与put有关的短语：
put up 举起，张贴 ；
put off 推迟，推延；
put away把……收拾好 ；
put down放下；
put on穿上 ；
put out 熄灭，扑灭
1.John put up his hand to answer the question. John举起手去回答问题。
2.They put off the meeting. 他们推迟了会议。
3. I have to put away my books. 我必须把我的书收拾好。
4,He put down the box. 他放下了那个箱子。
5.It is cold, you’d better put on your coat. 现在很冷，你最好穿上你的外套。
6. The firemen came there in time and put out the big fire. 消防员及时赶到那并扑灭了那场大火。
【典例分析】
1.—Jason, would you please this notice
—With pleasure.
put on B. put off C. put up D. put out
【点拨】C 句意:——Jason,请你把这个通知 好吗 ——愿意效劳。put on“穿上”;put off“推迟”; put up “张贴”;put out“熄灭”。只有C项符合语境。
2. Tony bought a photo of his favourite sports star and________ on his bedroom wall.
A. gave it up B. found it out
C. looked it through D. put it up
【点拨】D句意：托尼买了一张他最喜欢的运动明星的照片，贴到他卧室的墙上。
考查动词短语。give up 放弃；find out找出来；look through浏览；put up张贴；根据on his bedroom wall可知，这里指贴在墙上。故选D。
3. —Jason, could you please ________ this picture on the wall
—With pleasure.
A. put on B. put off
C. put up D. put out
【点拨】C句意：Jason，请把这幅画张贴在墙上好吗？——非常乐意。本题考查动词短语。A. put on 穿上； B. put off推迟，拖延；C. put up 张贴； D. put out熄灭；用；发表。根据句意选C。
4.The exam is over and results will be on Friday afternoon.
A. put down B. put off C. put up D. put away
【点拨】考查动词短语辨析。句意：考试结束了，成绩将在星期五下午公布。put down 放下； put off 推迟；put up 张贴，公布；put away 收起来。根据句意可知考试成绩将要公布。故选C。
要点14 help.
1）help在此处作不可数名词，意为“帮助；援助”。
with sb.’s help = with the help of sb.,意为“在某人的帮助下”。
Many thanks for your help.多谢你的帮助。
2）help也可作动词，意为“帮助；援助”，
(1)help sb.(to) do sth.帮助某人做某事
I help them (to) take the books to the teacher.我帮他们带书本给老师。
(2)help sb. with sth.帮助某人做某事
Mary helps her mother with housework at weekends.玛丽周末帮她妈妈做家务。
(3)help oneself 随便吃点(食物)
Help yourself to some fish.随便吃点鱼吧。
【典例分析】
1.Bill does well in English now ________ the help of his teacher.
A．to B．with C．under
【答案】B
【解析】with the help of 在。。。帮助下。固定词组。
2. Help ______ to some desserts and fruit, Julie and Marc!
—Thank you！
A．you B．your C．yourself D．yourselves
【答案】D
【解析】help oneself 随意（吃喝）这里是复数。答案选D
3. I often help my mother________ housework after school.
A. do B. doing C. to doing D. does
【答案】A
【解析】help sb do sth帮助。。。做某事。
【重点短语】
1. 在陆地上 _____________ 2. 在水底 _________________
3. 为……提供…… _________________ 4. 许多 _____________
5. 燃烧某物 _____________ 6. 把……倒入…… _________________
7. 在地底下 _________________ 8. 停止做某事 _________________
9. 保护地球 _________________ 10. 为了我们的未来 _________________
11. 例如 _________________ 12. 扔掉_________________
【答案】1.on the land 2. under the water 3.provide … with … 4.a lot of 5，burn sth. 6. put … into …
7.under the ground 8.stop doing sth. 9.protect the Earth 10.for our future 11.for example 12. throw away
【重点句型】
1.The Earth provides us with air, water and food.
地球为我们提供了空气、水和食物。
2. Today, there is a lot of pollution.
今天，（地球上）存在着很多的污染。
3. We burn things to make energy.
我们为获取能量燃烧东西。（burn; make）
4. We put our rubbish into the sea and under the ground.
我们把垃圾倾倒入海、埋入地下。(put … into …)
5. The environment is becoming worse and worse.
环境正变得越来越糟糕。
6 When going out ,we should take a bus instead of driving a car.
当你出门时，你应该乘公共汽车而不开车。
7. We must stop cutting down trees, and plant more.
我们必须停止砍伐树林。多种树。
8. People throw away a lot of rubbish. It pollutes the land.
人们丢掉许多垃圾，这污染了大地。
9. It is important for us to protect the Earth for our future.
对我们来说，为了我们的未来，保护地球是非常重要的。
(
知识要点二：语法
)
1、可数名词与不可数名词
【知识点思维导图】
2 there be句型
【知识点思维导图】
【典例分析】
一、选择填空
1. —How can I get some ______ about the 2024 Olympic Games
—Why not search the Internet
A. information B. experience C. practice
【点拨】A 句意：我怎样才能得到一些关于2024年奥运会的信息？
-为什么不上网搜索呢？information 不可数名词。
2. —What would you like to eat
—Some ______, please.
A. bread B. cake C. coffee D. tea
【点拨】A 你想吃什么？cake可数名词。要用复数。
3. Mr. Black gave us ______ on how to learn English well.
A. an advice B. many advice C. some advice D. some advices
【点拨】C advice 不可数名词，没有单复数之分。故答案选C。
4. —______ there any living things on other planets
—I have no ideas. Maybe we can know more about that in the future.
A. Is B. Are C. Has D. Have
【点拨】B there are/is 表示存在的“有”there be 后面名词是主语。living things 是复数故用are。
5. There ______ lots of sheep and pigs on my uncle's farm now.
A. was B. were C. is D. are
【点拨】 sheep 单复数同形。lots of sheep 是复数故用are。选D
6.Three _______ and two _______ are talking.
A. German; Japanese B. Germen; Japaneses C. Germans; Japanese
【点拨】C German德国人复数规则变化。+s。 Japanese 单复数同形。
7.There are 20 _______ in our school.
A. woman teachers B. women teacher C. women teachers
【点拨】D 女教师woman teacher 复数形式。是women teachers 这2个词都变成复数形式。apple tree 的复数形式只将中心词“apple”变成复数就可以。
8.Don’t throw _______ into the lake.
A. rubbish B. rubbishs C. rubbishes
【点拨】A rubbish不可数名词。
9.There________ a football match on CCTV-5 at nine tomorrow evening.
A. will have B. is going to be C. is having
【点拨】B本题考查倒装句。There be句型表示“某地有某物”或“某时有某人”；have“有”，指人有，故答案选B。
10. There _____ still some milk in the fridge. It’s not necessary to go to the store today.
A. am B.is C. are D. be
【点拨】B考查there be结构的临近原则。 解题思路：这是一个there be结构的句子，离系动词be最近的是不可数名词milk，故根据临近原则，正确答案选B。
二、翻译短句。(there be 结构)
1 椅子下面有一只猫。
【点拨】There is a cat under the chair.
2 教室里没有20个学生。
【点拨】There are not 20 students in the classroom.
3 袋子里有一些面包。
【点拨】There is some bread in the bag.
4 书桌上有两本书吗？
【点拨】Are there are 2 books on the desk
5 你们学校有多少个班？
【点拨】How many classes are there in your school
6.明天将有一场大雨。
【点拨】there will be a heavy rain tomorrow.
(
知识要点三：书面表达
)
话题三 如何保护环境
你们班准备开一个主题为“保护地球，从我做起”的班会，你想在会上以“What should we do to protect the Earth ”为主题进行发言。我们只有一个地球，应该好好爱护她，但地球上的污染越来越多，所以保护地球非常重要，你想提出一些环保倡议。
内容包括：
1.节约纸和笔。
2.不乱扔垃圾。
3.离开房间要关灯；洗完手要关水龙头。
4.步行，骑自行车或乘公交车。
要求：
1字数：60字左右（标题已给出，不计入总字数）。
2文章必须包含所有提示内容，并可作适当发挥。
3条理清楚，语句通顺，意思连贯，书面规范。
参考词汇：水龙头 tap；从小事做起 start out small
What should we do to protect the Earth
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
What should we do to protect the Earth
We have only one Earth. So we should love and take good care of her, but there is much pollution on Earth. It is important to protect the Earth. But how can we do I hope we start out small and do the following things together:
First, save paper and pens.
Second, we shouldn't throw rubbish on the ground.
Third, remember to turn off the lights when we leave the room and remember to turn off the taps when you finish washing hands.
Fourth, we can walk, ride a bike or take a bus when we go out.
The Earth is our home. Let's try our best to protect her!
21世纪教育网 www.21cnjy.com 精品试卷·第 2 页 （共 2 页）
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
