1.1 Unit 1 Encyclopaedias Reading(课件）
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| 名称 | 1.1 Unit 1 Encyclopaedias Reading(课件） |  | |
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| 更新时间 | 2022-10-25 08:52:48 | ||
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Unit 1 Encyclopaedias
Reading
牛津深圳版 八年级上册
What does Hi think Lo is probably doing
He thinks that Lo is probably reading his encyclopaedia
/is looking for some information in his encyclopaedia.
In fact, what is Lo doing
He is standing on the encyclopaedia to change a light bulb.
What will Hi probably feel when he learns that Lo is standing on his encyclopaedia
He will probably feel angry/unhappy.
Look at the cartoon and answer the questions.
1
课堂导入
An encyclopaedia is a collection (usually a book or set of books) of information about things humans know.
an encyclopaedia
What is an encyclopaedia
subject
all kinds of subjects
Encyclopaedia Britannica
The Encyclopaedia Britannica is a world-famous encyclopaedia. It is the oldest English-language encyclopaedia. The first edition was published in 1768, and since then there have been 15 editions. The 15th edition is made up of 32 volumes. Together they contain about 40 million words on half a million topics.
You are going to read a short article about Leonardo da Vinci from an encyclopaedia. Before you start, try the quiz below. Circle the correct answers. There can be more than one answer.
What do you know about …
2
课堂活动
1 Leonardo da Vinci was a(n) _______.
a painter b engineer c cook
2 Leonardo da Vinci was _______.
a French b English c Italian
3 Leonardo da Vinci painted _______.
a Sunflowers b The Last Supper c Impression, Sunrise
4.Today you can find dinosaurs_____.
a.in zoos b.in museums c.everywhere
5.Which of the following statements is NOT true
a.Dinosaurs once lived on Earth.
b.All dinosaurs were very big.
c.Some dinosaurs could fly.
b
b
Look at the pictures and the title of the first article on page 3. Then answer the questions below.
Before you read
Leonardo da Vinci
the Mona Lisa
a
What is the painting in Picture a
Who painted it
b
What are the animals in Picture b
Dinosaurs.
What do you know about them
Dinosaurs used to live on Earth, but all of them suddenly died out.
Nobody knows why.
Here are two articles from an encyclopaedia.
Da Vinci, Leonardo
Leonardo da Vinci (1452—1519) was an Italian painter,
inventor, musician, engineer and scientist.
Da Vinci was born in the countryside. From
an early age, he showed great intelligence
and artistic ability. As he grew older, he learnt to do many different things. His paintings are very famous, and one, the Mona Lisa, is perhaps the most famous painting in the world. He also had many inventions. For example, his notebooks include some interesting drawings of flying machines. (See Art)
Mona Lisa
Look it up!
Dinosaurs
Dinosaurs lived on Earth more than 60 million years before human beings. They lived everywhere on Earth. Some dinosaurs were as small as chickens. Others were as big as ten elephants. Some could even fly.
Many dinosaurs ate plants. However, some dinosaurs liked to eat meat.
Dinosaurs lived on Earth for more than 150 million years. Then, suddenly, they all died out. Nobody knows why. However, we can learn about them from their fossils. (See Earth history)
About Da Vinci
I. Read the first article and answer the questions.
1. What was Leonardo Da Vinci
He was a painter, inventor, musician, engineer and scientist.
2. When and where was Da Vinci born
He was born in the countryside of Italy in 1452.
3. When did he die
He died in 1519.
4. Which of his paintings was the most famous
The Mona Lisa.
5. What can we find in his notebooks
We can find some interesting drawings of flying machines in his notebooks.
II. Read the first article and fill in the chart.
Da Vinci Leonardo
Year of birth Birthplace
Year of death Career
Life:
Childhood
Adulthood
Contributions
1452
the countryside, Italy
1519
painter, inventor,
musician, engineer and scientist
showed great intelligence and artistic ability
learnt to do many different things
famous paintings, like the Mona Lisa, and many inventions
Da Vinci Leonardo
Year of birth Birthplace
Year of death Career
Life:
Childhood
Adulthood
Contributions
1452
the countryside, Italy
1519
painter, inventor,
musician, engineer and scientist
showed great intelligence and artistic ability
learnt to do many different things
famous paintings, like the Mona Lisa, and many inventions
III. In pairs, talk about Da Vinci according to the chart.
Some dinosaurs were as small as chickens.
Some could even fly.
However, some dinosaurs liked to eat meat.
We can learn about them from their fossils.
Read the second article. Find one or two sentences from the article to match each picture.
Dinosaurs
They lived everywhere on Earth.
Others were as big as ten elephants.
Many dinosaurs ate plants.
Dinosaurs lived on Earth more than 60 million years before human beings.
About Dinosaurs
Dinosaurs lived on Earth for more than 150 million years.
II. Read the second article and answer the questions.
1. When did dinosaurs live on Earth
They lived on Earth more than 60 million years before human beings.
2. Where did dinosaurs live
They lived everywhere on Earth.
3. Were dinosaurs small or big
Some were small and others were big.
4. What did dinosaurs eat
Many dinosaurs ate plants and some ate meat.
5. How do we know about dinosaurs
We know about dinosaurs from their fossils.
plete the sentences below.
About dinosaurs
Dinosaurs lived (1) _____________ on Earth over
(2) ___________ years before human beings .
Some were (3) _____ and others were (4) ____.
Some could (5) _____.
Some ate (6)______ and others ate (7) _____.
Dinosaurs lived on Earth for more than
(8) _________________ years.
everywhere
60,000,000
small
big
fly
plants
meat
150,000,000
When did dinosaurs live Over _____________ years before human beings.
Where did dinosaurs live ______________ on Earth.
How big were they Some were _____________ chickens.
Others were _________ ten elephants.
What did they eat Many of them ate _______.
Some ate ______ .
How did they die out They all ____________ died out.
Why did they die out ________________ why.
How can people learn about dinosaurs From their _________.
IV. Listen and complete the table. Then talk about dinosaurs according to the table in pairs.
sixty million
Everywhere
as small as
as big as
plants
meat
suddenly
Nobody knows
fossils
The words in italics are from the first article on page 3. Circle the correct answers to complete these sentences.
Vocabulary
1 When somebody is born, he/she _______.
a comes out of his/her mother’s body
b goes to see a doctor
c leaves his/her parents
2 Benny’s grandparents lived in the countryside.
They live _______ the city.
a inside b outside c in the centre of
C1
3 Birds have a musical ability. They _______ sing.
a can b cannot c are happy to
4 The book includes some beautiful photos.
These photos are ________ the book.
a part of b at the end of c connected to
5 A human being is a(n) _______.
a animal b machine c person
When I was young, I used to keep a (1) _________. I wrote many poems and drew many pictures of different (2) _________ in it. They were not very good, but they helped me think and dream.
Complete the article below with the words from the box. Change their forms if necessary.
notebook
inventions
even however invention notebook perhaps scientist
Now I am a famous (3) _________ and I do many important things. (4) _________, my journey began when I was at school, with my studies, and my poems and pictures. I was a student just like you. (5) _________ you will do something important or (6) _________ become famous one day. Just remember to think and to dream.
scientist
However
Perhaps
even
C2
1 Da Vinci, Leonardo
a He lived from 1425 to 1519. 1452
b He was born in the city.
c He showed great artistic ability from an early age.
d He is famous for his paintings and books.
Below are some notes about the first encyclopaedia article on page 3, but some of the facts are wrong. Read the article and correct the notes if necessary.
D Comprehension
countryside
√
inventions
2 Dinosaurs
a They lived on Earth more than 60 thousand years before human beings.
b Some were small; others were huge.
c All of them ate meat.
d Some died out suddenly.
million
√
Some
They all
D1
Read the articles again and complete the answers to the questions below.
1 Who was Leonardo da Vinci
He was __________________________________________________.
2 What is his most famous painting
It is ________________.
an Italian painter, inventor, musician, engineer and scientist
the Mona Lisa
3 What did dinosaurs eat
Many of them ate ______. Some liked to eat _____.
4 How long did dinosaurs live on Earth before they disappeared
They lived on Earth for _____________________________.
5 How can we learn about dinosaurs today
We can learn about them ________________.
plants
meat
more than 150 million years
from their fossils
D2
3 What did dinosaurs eat
Many of them ate ______. Some liked to eat _____.
4 How long did dinosaurs live on Earth before they disappeared
They lived on Earth for _____________________________.
5 How can we learn about dinosaurs today
We can learn about them ________________.
plants
meat
more than 150 million years
from their fossils
*encyclopaedia n.百科全书 P1
human adj.人的P1
dinosaur n.恐龙 P1
*Italian n.意大利人P2
inventor n. 发明家P3
musician n. 音乐家 P3
scientist n.科学家P3
born v. (be born)出生P3
countryside n.乡村; 农村P3
intelligence n.才智;智慧P3
New words
*artistic adj. 有艺术天赋的P3
ability n. 才能；能力P3
perhaps adv.可能;大概P3
invention n. 发明P3
notebook n. 笔记本P3
include v. 包括；包含 P3
even adv. (强调出乎意料) 甚至P3
however adv. 然而 P3
suddenly adv.突然；忽然P3
nobody pron. 没有人P3
*fossil n. 化石 P3
1. Italian n. 意大利人
国名 人
China中国 Chinese中国人
Japan日本 Japanese日本人
America美国 American美国人
Canada加拿大 Canadian加拿大人
Italy意大利 Italian意大利人
Language points
2. Da Vinci was born in the countryside. 达·芬奇在乡下出生。
(1)born v. (be born) 出生be born… 意为“出生……”，其中动词be通常
用was或者were。be born 后可接形容词，名词或介词短语，其所表达的意思也不同。
★ be born + adj. / n. 意为“生来……”。
例如：玛丽生来就很幸福。Mary was born happy.
汤姆生为英国人。Tom was born English.
★be born + in / on 意为“出生在……”，
例如：他出生在广州。
He was born in Guangzhou.
★be born + to / in / into 意为“降生到……” ，多指降生到某家庭。例如：
1867年，居里夫人出生在一个教师家庭。
In 1867, Madam Curie was born to / in / into a teacher’s family.
3. For example, his notebooks include some interesting drawings of flying machines.
例如，他的笔记本里包含了一些有趣的飞行器的图画。
(1) for example 意为“例如”，后面要有逗号一般举同类人或物中“一个”为例。用于句
首，句中，句末均可。such as 后面不可有逗号。一般列举同类人或事物中的几个例子。用于句中。
比如，我在阅读方面有困难。For example, I have trouble in reading.
他喜欢吃水果，比如苹果，梨，香蕉。
He likes eating fruit such as apples, pears and bananas.
(2) notebook n. 笔记本
把这页抄到笔记本上。
Copy this page in your notebook.
他打开书包拿出了笔记本。
He opened his schoolbag and took out a notebook.
(3) include v. 包括；包含
include 是及物动词，侧重被包括者只是整体的一部分。例如：
这价钱包括邮费在内。 The price includes the postage.
她的爱好包括画画和跳舞。Her hobbies include painting and dancing.
including 除了是 include 的非谓语动词之外，还可作介词，后面常接名词或代
词构成介宾短语，意思是“包括……在内”。
including 一般用在逗号后面，或者是冒号前面，有时也可以放在句子中间。例
如：有很多不同种类的月饼，包括水果、咖啡和冰皮月饼。
There are many different kinds of mooncakes, including fruit, coffee and ice.
这一组是由五个人组成的，包括两名女性。
This group is made up of 5 people, including 2 women.
4. Dinosaurs lived on Earth more than 60 million years before human beings.
在人类之前，恐龙在地球上生活了六千多万年。 more than 超出；多于=over
200多名学生读过这本书。
More than 200 students have read this book.
玛丽已经学习了2000多词汇。
Mary has learnt more than 2000 words.
5.Some dinosaurs were as small as chickens. Others were as big as ten elephants.
一些恐龙像小鸡一样小，其他的像十头大象一样大。
(1) 句型一
some… others… 意为“一些……另一些……”这里的others不是特指剩余的
全部，而是指剩余中的一些，可能还有其他剩余的。
some…the others… 意为“一些……其余的……”，这里的“其余的”，指的
是剩余的全部。
一些人在唱歌，另一些人在跳舞。（可能还有其他人在做别的事情。）
Some people are singing. Others are dancing.
一些人在唱歌，剩下的所有人在跳舞。
Some people are singing. The others are dancing.
(2) 句型二
as…as… 意为“和……一样……”，表示同级比较。使用时要注意第一个as为副词，
第二个as为连词。常用基本结构为：
as + adj. / adv. + as, 其否定结构为：not as / so + adj. / adv. + as
这部电影和那部电影一样有趣。
This film is as interesting as that one.
这本字典没有那本字典厚。
This dictionary is not as / so thick as that one.
6. Some could even fly.一些甚至会飞。
even adv. (强调出乎意料) 甚至机器人甚至还能煮饭。
The robot can even cook the dishes.
我们很久没见面了，甚至记不起对方的样子。
We didn’t see each other for a long time, even can’t remember his face.
7. Then, suddenly, they all died out.
然后突然他们就灭绝了。
(1) suddenly adv. 突然；忽然
突然天开始下起雨。Suddenly, it begins to rain.
一切都发生的太突然。It all happened suddenly.
(2) die out 灭绝，消失
恐龙是如何灭绝的？
How did the dinosaurs die out
每年有很多的动植物灭绝。
Every year, many animals and plants die out.
没有人知道恐龙为什么灭绝。
Nobody knows why the dinosaurs died out.
8.However, we can learn about them from their fossils.
然而，我们可以通过恐龙的化石来了解它们。
learn about意为“了解，得知”。在意义上与learn单独使用有区别，两者的区别如下：
learn 学习，学会
learn about了解，学到关于……的内容 如：
我在学校学习英语。
I learn English at school.
我在博物馆里了解到了英国的历史。
I learnt about the history of England at the museum.
9. When I was young, I used to keep a notebook. (P4-C2)
在我小的时候，我常带着一本笔记本。
used to 意为“过去常常”，后接动词原形，表示“过去常常做某事”或“过去所处的状
态”，隐含现在不再如此之意。其否定形式为didn’t use to do ...，
疑问句句式为Did ...use to do ...？
我爸爸以前抽烟抽得很凶。在得病之后他戒烟了。
My father used to smoke a lot. After he got sick, he gave up smoking.
我以前不经常早起。 I didn’t use to get up early.
莫妮卡以前常在月末前就把所有的钱都花光吗？
Did Monica use to spend all her money before the end of the month
3
课堂小结
1.We have read two articles from an encyclopaedia.
2. We have grasped the new words and expressions in the reading.
一、根据句意和所给的首字母填空。
1. P_____ you are right, but we don’t know for sure.
2. The South China Sea Islands i_____ over 200 islands.
3. What a hot day! The weather report says it will be e_____ hotter tomorrow.
4. It’s raining hard. H________ , I still want to go there.
5. I knocked at the door, but n _____answered. Maybe they were all out.
erhaps
nclude
ven
owever
obody
4
课堂训练
1. 我2001年出生，现在15岁。
I _____ _____ _____ 2001 and I’m 15 years old now.
2. 在市中心停车是很困难的。
Parking is difficult _____ _____ _____ _____ the city.
3. 我必须在这个月底完成这个项目。
I must finish the project _____ _____ _____ _____ this month.
4. 我们可以通过这本书来了解欧洲历史。
We can the history of _____ _____ Europe _____ this book.
in the centre of
at the end of
二、根据中文意思完成句子。
was born in
learn about
from
5. 我们应该保护那些濒危动物，不然它们很快就会灭绝。
We should protect the animals in danger, or they will _____ _____ soon.
6. 我也不知道这个词的意思，你可以在词典里查找。
I don’t know the meaning of this word either. You can _____ _____ _____ in a dictionary.
7. 这个箱子和那个一样重。
This box is _____ _____ _____ that one.
8. 有的学生在扫地，有的学生在擦窗户。
_____ students are sweeping the floor, _____ are cleaning the windows
die out
look it up
as heavy as
Some
others
谢谢
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Unit 1 Encyclopaedias
Reading
牛津深圳版 八年级上册
What does Hi think Lo is probably doing
He thinks that Lo is probably reading his encyclopaedia
/is looking for some information in his encyclopaedia.
In fact, what is Lo doing
He is standing on the encyclopaedia to change a light bulb.
What will Hi probably feel when he learns that Lo is standing on his encyclopaedia
He will probably feel angry/unhappy.
Look at the cartoon and answer the questions.
1
课堂导入
An encyclopaedia is a collection (usually a book or set of books) of information about things humans know.
an encyclopaedia
What is an encyclopaedia
subject
all kinds of subjects
Encyclopaedia Britannica
The Encyclopaedia Britannica is a world-famous encyclopaedia. It is the oldest English-language encyclopaedia. The first edition was published in 1768, and since then there have been 15 editions. The 15th edition is made up of 32 volumes. Together they contain about 40 million words on half a million topics.
You are going to read a short article about Leonardo da Vinci from an encyclopaedia. Before you start, try the quiz below. Circle the correct answers. There can be more than one answer.
What do you know about …
2
课堂活动
1 Leonardo da Vinci was a(n) _______.
a painter b engineer c cook
2 Leonardo da Vinci was _______.
a French b English c Italian
3 Leonardo da Vinci painted _______.
a Sunflowers b The Last Supper c Impression, Sunrise
4.Today you can find dinosaurs_____.
a.in zoos b.in museums c.everywhere
5.Which of the following statements is NOT true
a.Dinosaurs once lived on Earth.
b.All dinosaurs were very big.
c.Some dinosaurs could fly.
b
b
Look at the pictures and the title of the first article on page 3. Then answer the questions below.
Before you read
Leonardo da Vinci
the Mona Lisa
a
What is the painting in Picture a
Who painted it
b
What are the animals in Picture b
Dinosaurs.
What do you know about them
Dinosaurs used to live on Earth, but all of them suddenly died out.
Nobody knows why.
Here are two articles from an encyclopaedia.
Da Vinci, Leonardo
Leonardo da Vinci (1452—1519) was an Italian painter,
inventor, musician, engineer and scientist.
Da Vinci was born in the countryside. From
an early age, he showed great intelligence
and artistic ability. As he grew older, he learnt to do many different things. His paintings are very famous, and one, the Mona Lisa, is perhaps the most famous painting in the world. He also had many inventions. For example, his notebooks include some interesting drawings of flying machines. (See Art)
Mona Lisa
Look it up!
Dinosaurs
Dinosaurs lived on Earth more than 60 million years before human beings. They lived everywhere on Earth. Some dinosaurs were as small as chickens. Others were as big as ten elephants. Some could even fly.
Many dinosaurs ate plants. However, some dinosaurs liked to eat meat.
Dinosaurs lived on Earth for more than 150 million years. Then, suddenly, they all died out. Nobody knows why. However, we can learn about them from their fossils. (See Earth history)
About Da Vinci
I. Read the first article and answer the questions.
1. What was Leonardo Da Vinci
He was a painter, inventor, musician, engineer and scientist.
2. When and where was Da Vinci born
He was born in the countryside of Italy in 1452.
3. When did he die
He died in 1519.
4. Which of his paintings was the most famous
The Mona Lisa.
5. What can we find in his notebooks
We can find some interesting drawings of flying machines in his notebooks.
II. Read the first article and fill in the chart.
Da Vinci Leonardo
Year of birth Birthplace
Year of death Career
Life:
Childhood
Adulthood
Contributions
1452
the countryside, Italy
1519
painter, inventor,
musician, engineer and scientist
showed great intelligence and artistic ability
learnt to do many different things
famous paintings, like the Mona Lisa, and many inventions
Da Vinci Leonardo
Year of birth Birthplace
Year of death Career
Life:
Childhood
Adulthood
Contributions
1452
the countryside, Italy
1519
painter, inventor,
musician, engineer and scientist
showed great intelligence and artistic ability
learnt to do many different things
famous paintings, like the Mona Lisa, and many inventions
III. In pairs, talk about Da Vinci according to the chart.
Some dinosaurs were as small as chickens.
Some could even fly.
However, some dinosaurs liked to eat meat.
We can learn about them from their fossils.
Read the second article. Find one or two sentences from the article to match each picture.
Dinosaurs
They lived everywhere on Earth.
Others were as big as ten elephants.
Many dinosaurs ate plants.
Dinosaurs lived on Earth more than 60 million years before human beings.
About Dinosaurs
Dinosaurs lived on Earth for more than 150 million years.
II. Read the second article and answer the questions.
1. When did dinosaurs live on Earth
They lived on Earth more than 60 million years before human beings.
2. Where did dinosaurs live
They lived everywhere on Earth.
3. Were dinosaurs small or big
Some were small and others were big.
4. What did dinosaurs eat
Many dinosaurs ate plants and some ate meat.
5. How do we know about dinosaurs
We know about dinosaurs from their fossils.
plete the sentences below.
About dinosaurs
Dinosaurs lived (1) _____________ on Earth over
(2) ___________ years before human beings .
Some were (3) _____ and others were (4) ____.
Some could (5) _____.
Some ate (6)______ and others ate (7) _____.
Dinosaurs lived on Earth for more than
(8) _________________ years.
everywhere
60,000,000
small
big
fly
plants
meat
150,000,000
When did dinosaurs live Over _____________ years before human beings.
Where did dinosaurs live ______________ on Earth.
How big were they Some were _____________ chickens.
Others were _________ ten elephants.
What did they eat Many of them ate _______.
Some ate ______ .
How did they die out They all ____________ died out.
Why did they die out ________________ why.
How can people learn about dinosaurs From their _________.
IV. Listen and complete the table. Then talk about dinosaurs according to the table in pairs.
sixty million
Everywhere
as small as
as big as
plants
meat
suddenly
Nobody knows
fossils
The words in italics are from the first article on page 3. Circle the correct answers to complete these sentences.
Vocabulary
1 When somebody is born, he/she _______.
a comes out of his/her mother’s body
b goes to see a doctor
c leaves his/her parents
2 Benny’s grandparents lived in the countryside.
They live _______ the city.
a inside b outside c in the centre of
C1
3 Birds have a musical ability. They _______ sing.
a can b cannot c are happy to
4 The book includes some beautiful photos.
These photos are ________ the book.
a part of b at the end of c connected to
5 A human being is a(n) _______.
a animal b machine c person
When I was young, I used to keep a (1) _________. I wrote many poems and drew many pictures of different (2) _________ in it. They were not very good, but they helped me think and dream.
Complete the article below with the words from the box. Change their forms if necessary.
notebook
inventions
even however invention notebook perhaps scientist
Now I am a famous (3) _________ and I do many important things. (4) _________, my journey began when I was at school, with my studies, and my poems and pictures. I was a student just like you. (5) _________ you will do something important or (6) _________ become famous one day. Just remember to think and to dream.
scientist
However
Perhaps
even
C2
1 Da Vinci, Leonardo
a He lived from 1425 to 1519. 1452
b He was born in the city.
c He showed great artistic ability from an early age.
d He is famous for his paintings and books.
Below are some notes about the first encyclopaedia article on page 3, but some of the facts are wrong. Read the article and correct the notes if necessary.
D Comprehension
countryside
√
inventions
2 Dinosaurs
a They lived on Earth more than 60 thousand years before human beings.
b Some were small; others were huge.
c All of them ate meat.
d Some died out suddenly.
million
√
Some
They all
D1
Read the articles again and complete the answers to the questions below.
1 Who was Leonardo da Vinci
He was __________________________________________________.
2 What is his most famous painting
It is ________________.
an Italian painter, inventor, musician, engineer and scientist
the Mona Lisa
3 What did dinosaurs eat
Many of them ate ______. Some liked to eat _____.
4 How long did dinosaurs live on Earth before they disappeared
They lived on Earth for _____________________________.
5 How can we learn about dinosaurs today
We can learn about them ________________.
plants
meat
more than 150 million years
from their fossils
D2
3 What did dinosaurs eat
Many of them ate ______. Some liked to eat _____.
4 How long did dinosaurs live on Earth before they disappeared
They lived on Earth for _____________________________.
5 How can we learn about dinosaurs today
We can learn about them ________________.
plants
meat
more than 150 million years
from their fossils
*encyclopaedia n.百科全书 P1
human adj.人的P1
dinosaur n.恐龙 P1
*Italian n.意大利人P2
inventor n. 发明家P3
musician n. 音乐家 P3
scientist n.科学家P3
born v. (be born)出生P3
countryside n.乡村; 农村P3
intelligence n.才智;智慧P3
New words
*artistic adj. 有艺术天赋的P3
ability n. 才能；能力P3
perhaps adv.可能;大概P3
invention n. 发明P3
notebook n. 笔记本P3
include v. 包括；包含 P3
even adv. (强调出乎意料) 甚至P3
however adv. 然而 P3
suddenly adv.突然；忽然P3
nobody pron. 没有人P3
*fossil n. 化石 P3
1. Italian n. 意大利人
国名 人
China中国 Chinese中国人
Japan日本 Japanese日本人
America美国 American美国人
Canada加拿大 Canadian加拿大人
Italy意大利 Italian意大利人
Language points
2. Da Vinci was born in the countryside. 达·芬奇在乡下出生。
(1)born v. (be born) 出生be born… 意为“出生……”，其中动词be通常
用was或者were。be born 后可接形容词，名词或介词短语，其所表达的意思也不同。
★ be born + adj. / n. 意为“生来……”。
例如：玛丽生来就很幸福。Mary was born happy.
汤姆生为英国人。Tom was born English.
★be born + in / on 意为“出生在……”，
例如：他出生在广州。
He was born in Guangzhou.
★be born + to / in / into 意为“降生到……” ，多指降生到某家庭。例如：
1867年，居里夫人出生在一个教师家庭。
In 1867, Madam Curie was born to / in / into a teacher’s family.
3. For example, his notebooks include some interesting drawings of flying machines.
例如，他的笔记本里包含了一些有趣的飞行器的图画。
(1) for example 意为“例如”，后面要有逗号一般举同类人或物中“一个”为例。用于句
首，句中，句末均可。such as 后面不可有逗号。一般列举同类人或事物中的几个例子。用于句中。
比如，我在阅读方面有困难。For example, I have trouble in reading.
他喜欢吃水果，比如苹果，梨，香蕉。
He likes eating fruit such as apples, pears and bananas.
(2) notebook n. 笔记本
把这页抄到笔记本上。
Copy this page in your notebook.
他打开书包拿出了笔记本。
He opened his schoolbag and took out a notebook.
(3) include v. 包括；包含
include 是及物动词，侧重被包括者只是整体的一部分。例如：
这价钱包括邮费在内。 The price includes the postage.
她的爱好包括画画和跳舞。Her hobbies include painting and dancing.
including 除了是 include 的非谓语动词之外，还可作介词，后面常接名词或代
词构成介宾短语，意思是“包括……在内”。
including 一般用在逗号后面，或者是冒号前面，有时也可以放在句子中间。例
如：有很多不同种类的月饼，包括水果、咖啡和冰皮月饼。
There are many different kinds of mooncakes, including fruit, coffee and ice.
这一组是由五个人组成的，包括两名女性。
This group is made up of 5 people, including 2 women.
4. Dinosaurs lived on Earth more than 60 million years before human beings.
在人类之前，恐龙在地球上生活了六千多万年。 more than 超出；多于=over
200多名学生读过这本书。
More than 200 students have read this book.
玛丽已经学习了2000多词汇。
Mary has learnt more than 2000 words.
5.Some dinosaurs were as small as chickens. Others were as big as ten elephants.
一些恐龙像小鸡一样小，其他的像十头大象一样大。
(1) 句型一
some… others… 意为“一些……另一些……”这里的others不是特指剩余的
全部，而是指剩余中的一些，可能还有其他剩余的。
some…the others… 意为“一些……其余的……”，这里的“其余的”，指的
是剩余的全部。
一些人在唱歌，另一些人在跳舞。（可能还有其他人在做别的事情。）
Some people are singing. Others are dancing.
一些人在唱歌，剩下的所有人在跳舞。
Some people are singing. The others are dancing.
(2) 句型二
as…as… 意为“和……一样……”，表示同级比较。使用时要注意第一个as为副词，
第二个as为连词。常用基本结构为：
as + adj. / adv. + as, 其否定结构为：not as / so + adj. / adv. + as
这部电影和那部电影一样有趣。
This film is as interesting as that one.
这本字典没有那本字典厚。
This dictionary is not as / so thick as that one.
6. Some could even fly.一些甚至会飞。
even adv. (强调出乎意料) 甚至机器人甚至还能煮饭。
The robot can even cook the dishes.
我们很久没见面了，甚至记不起对方的样子。
We didn’t see each other for a long time, even can’t remember his face.
7. Then, suddenly, they all died out.
然后突然他们就灭绝了。
(1) suddenly adv. 突然；忽然
突然天开始下起雨。Suddenly, it begins to rain.
一切都发生的太突然。It all happened suddenly.
(2) die out 灭绝，消失
恐龙是如何灭绝的？
How did the dinosaurs die out
每年有很多的动植物灭绝。
Every year, many animals and plants die out.
没有人知道恐龙为什么灭绝。
Nobody knows why the dinosaurs died out.
8.However, we can learn about them from their fossils.
然而，我们可以通过恐龙的化石来了解它们。
learn about意为“了解，得知”。在意义上与learn单独使用有区别，两者的区别如下：
learn 学习，学会
learn about了解，学到关于……的内容 如：
我在学校学习英语。
I learn English at school.
我在博物馆里了解到了英国的历史。
I learnt about the history of England at the museum.
9. When I was young, I used to keep a notebook. (P4-C2)
在我小的时候，我常带着一本笔记本。
used to 意为“过去常常”，后接动词原形，表示“过去常常做某事”或“过去所处的状
态”，隐含现在不再如此之意。其否定形式为didn’t use to do ...，
疑问句句式为Did ...use to do ...？
我爸爸以前抽烟抽得很凶。在得病之后他戒烟了。
My father used to smoke a lot. After he got sick, he gave up smoking.
我以前不经常早起。 I didn’t use to get up early.
莫妮卡以前常在月末前就把所有的钱都花光吗？
Did Monica use to spend all her money before the end of the month
3
课堂小结
1.We have read two articles from an encyclopaedia.
2. We have grasped the new words and expressions in the reading.
一、根据句意和所给的首字母填空。
1. P_____ you are right, but we don’t know for sure.
2. The South China Sea Islands i_____ over 200 islands.
3. What a hot day! The weather report says it will be e_____ hotter tomorrow.
4. It’s raining hard. H________ , I still want to go there.
5. I knocked at the door, but n _____answered. Maybe they were all out.
erhaps
nclude
ven
owever
obody
4
课堂训练
1. 我2001年出生，现在15岁。
I _____ _____ _____ 2001 and I’m 15 years old now.
2. 在市中心停车是很困难的。
Parking is difficult _____ _____ _____ _____ the city.
3. 我必须在这个月底完成这个项目。
I must finish the project _____ _____ _____ _____ this month.
4. 我们可以通过这本书来了解欧洲历史。
We can the history of _____ _____ Europe _____ this book.
in the centre of
at the end of
二、根据中文意思完成句子。
was born in
learn about
from
5. 我们应该保护那些濒危动物，不然它们很快就会灭绝。
We should protect the animals in danger, or they will _____ _____ soon.
6. 我也不知道这个词的意思，你可以在词典里查找。
I don’t know the meaning of this word either. You can _____ _____ _____ in a dictionary.
7. 这个箱子和那个一样重。
This box is _____ _____ _____ that one.
8. 有的学生在扫地，有的学生在擦窗户。
_____ students are sweeping the floor, _____ are cleaning the windows
die out
look it up
as heavy as
Some
others
谢谢
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