Unit 5 What are the shirts made of? Grammar focus-4c课件(共26张PPT)

(共26张PPT)
人教版英语
Unit 5 What are the shirts made of
Section A Grammar Focus
人教版英语
Revision
1.在...制造
2.由...制成
3.在过去
4.不论；无论
5.在将来
6.以...而闻名
7.据我所知
8.全世界
be made in
be made of/from
in the past
no matter
in the future
be famous/known for...
as far as I know
all over the world=around the world
Grammar Focus
语态
Cai Xukun plays basketball.
主动语态
The basketball is played by Cai Xukun.
被动语态
主语
动作
主语是动作的执行者
动作
主语
主语是动作的承受者
Grammar Focus
语态
主动语态
被动语态
主语是动作的执行者
主语是动作的承受者
被动语态的概念
被动语态
一、被动语态的构成
被动语态由_________________构成，如果要特别强调动作或行为的执行者时，句子后面需接________，译为__________。其中be动词要根据________________发生变化，be动词后的过去分词不变。
“be+done(过去分词)”
“by短语”
“被/由……”
人称、数和时态
People grow tea in Hangzhou.
Tea is grown (by people) in Hangzhou.
如：在杭州人们种植茶叶。
Active Voice
Passive Voice
Grammar Focus
二、一般现在时的被动语态
am/is/are (not) +done (+by sb.)
如：这辆汽车是中国制造的。The car ________ in China.
这辆车不是中国制造的。The car _________ in China.
这辆车是中国制造的吗？ _____ the car _____ in China
这辆车什么时候在中国被制造的？When _____ the car _____ in China
is made
isn’t made
is made
Is made
Grammar Focus
三、一般过去时的被动语态
如：这房子是1967年建的。The house ________ in 1967.
这房子不是1967年建的。The house ___________ in 1967.
房子是1967年建的吗？ ______ the house ______ in 1967
这房子是什么时候建的？When ______ the house ______？
was built
wasn't built
Was built
was built
Grammar Focus
was/were (not) +done (+by sb.)
四、主动语态变为被动语态的方法
如：
People grow tea in Hangzhou.
主动语态:主语People是动作grow 的执行者。
被动语态:主语Tea是动作grow 的承受着。
主(执行者)
谓
宾(承受者)
主(承受者)
谓
Tea
is grown
(by people)
in Hangzhou.
Grammar Focus
1. They visit our school every year. (变被动语态)
——————————————————
2. They cover the desk with newspapers.(变被动语态)
——————————————————
Our school is visited by them every year.
The desk is covered with newspapers by them.
口诀：
1. 宾提前
2. 原主变宾(前加by)
3. 动词变“be done”
将下列句子改为被动语态
1. Many people speak English in the U.S.A.
2. He bought a bike last night.
3. We make these machines in Beijing.
4. They often use computers in class.
English is spoken by many people in the U.S.A.
A bike was bought by him last night.
These machines are made in Beijing.
Computers are often used in class.
They make shoes in that factory.
Shoes
are made
by them
in that factory.
Practice
五、主动语态变为被动语态的注意事项：
有二个宾语(主语+谓语+间宾+直宾)的句子变被动语态时，只将其中一个宾语变为被动句中的主语，另一个宾语不变。注意：用直接宾语主语时，在过去分词后面，保留宾语之前要加一个适当的介词，如to, for, of等。
主动句：主+谓+间接宾语+直接宾语→
被动句：原间接宾语+be+done+原直接宾语+by+原主语的宾格
原直接宾语+be+done+介词+原间接宾语+by+原主语的宾格
They gave the children many good books. →
(主语)
如：
(谓语)
(间宾)
(直宾)
The children
were given
many good books
(by them).
Many good books
were given
the children
to
(by them).
Grammar Focus
1、He told her a long story.
2、Mother bought me a new coat.
We are told the truth by Jack.
3、Jack tells us the truth.
The truth is told to us by Jack.
She was told a long story.
A long story was told to her.
I was bought a new coat.
A new coat was bought for me.
Practice
含有宾语补足语(主+谓+宾+宾语补足语)的句子的被动语态时，只将句中的宾语变为被动句中的主语，宾补不变，但语法功能变了，此时的补足语不再是宾语补足语，而变成了主语补足语。
如：我们让怀特先生当队长。
We made Mr. White leader of the team.
(宾补)
(主语)
(谓语)
(宾语)
Mr. White
was made
leader of the team.
（by us)
We call her a beauty.
我们叫她“美女”。
She is called a beauty (by us).
(宾补)
(宾语)
Exercise
1、I found him lying on the floor.
2、We call her Rose.
I am made happy by them.
3、They make me happy.
He was found lying on the floor.
She is called Rose.
宾语补足语变成了主语补足语
当主动句中有感官动词(see, watch, look at, observe, listen to, hear, feel 等) 和使役动词(make, have等)，在主动语态的句子中，宾语补足语前省略to；但在变为被动语态时，主语补足语前一律加上to。
I heard him sing in the room just now.
如：刚才听到他在房间里唱歌。
He was heard to sing in his room just now(by me).
I saw Tom fall off the tree just now.
Tom was seen to fall off the tree just now.
刚才看到汤姆从树上掉下来。
六、被动语态的用法
（1） 不知道谁是动作的执行者或没有必要知道谁是动作的执行者时。
如：These books are written for children.
I haven’t been told about it.
（2） 需要强调动作的承受着即宾语时。
如： Calculator can't be used in the math exam. 计算器不能用于数学考试。
The cup was broken by David.
The book is written by Mo Yan.
（3）作客观说明时，常采用一种被动语态结构。
如： It is\was said\believed\reported +that … …
主动表被动
1. 系动词get，turn，become，seem，look，sound，smell，taste，feel + adj.
That dog looks cute. 那条狗(被)看起来可爱。
2. need, want, be worth + doing
My flowers need watering. 我的花需要(被)浇水。
3. 物 + write，wash，sell，read，clean，drive
This kind of skirt sells well here. 这种裙子在这里(被)卖得好。
不能被动
不及物动词：take place （发生），happen（发生），come out（发生），break out（爆发）， appear（出现）， disappear（消失），last（持续）等。
Translate these sentences and let’s read.
你的衬衫是棉制的吗？
是的，他们是。而且它们是美国制造的。
飞机模型是由什么制成的？
它是由旧木头和玻璃制成。
茶产自中国哪里？
茶产自很多不同的地区。
茶是如何制成的？
茶树种植在山坡上。当茶叶长成后, 它们被手工采摘下来，然后送去加工。
Grammar Focus
在杭州人们种植茶叶。
在杭州人们种植茶叶。
把下列的主动句变为被动句。
People play football all over the world.
2. The old man on TV tells a story on Sunday.
3. Students listen to the kind teacher carefully.
Football is played all over the world by people.
A story is told by the old man on TV on Sunday.
The kind teacher is listened to by students carefully.
4. Do you water your flowers every day (变为被动句)
5. Trees and flowers are planted every year to make our country more beautiful. (变为疑问句)
Are your flowers watered by you every day
Are trees and flowers planted every year to make our country more beautiful？
Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets.
Children under 18 __________________ (not allow) to watch this show without their parents.
2. We _____________ (pay) by the boss on the last Friday of each month.
3. A: What language ______________ (speak) in Germany
B: Most people speak German, but many can speak English, too.
4. Most of the earth’s surface ______________ (cover) by water.
5. The classroom _____________ (clean) by the students every day.
4a
aren’t allowed
are paid
is spoken
is covered
is cleaned
Grammar Focus
允许
支付
表面
be (not) allowed to do sth. (不)被允许做某事
allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事
allow doing sth. 允许做某事。
Rewrite the sentences using the passive voice.
1. Farmers plant the tea on the sides of mountains.
The tea is planted on the sides of mountains by farmers.
2. This shop uses the best materials to make dresses.
___________________________________________________________
3. Careless driving causes many traffic accidents.
___________________________________________________________
4. The postman brings letters and postcards to people’s homes.
___________________________________________________________
5. Our family does not use this silver plate very often.
___________________________________________________________
4b
Grammar Focus
The best materials are used by this shop to make dresses.
Many traffic accidents are caused by careless driving.
Letters and postcards are brought to people’s homes by the postman.
This silver plate is not used very often by our family./
This silver plate is not used by our family very often.
材料
粗心的
交通
事故
银
n. (尤指有帽舌的) 帽子
n. (分手指的) 手套
hat
mittens
[ m tnz]
Grammar Focus
4c
Exercise
一、单项选择。
1. The girl is often _____ by the naughty boy.
A. made cry B. make to cry C. made to cry D. make crying
2. This pair of shoes_____ hand, and it _____ very comfortable.
A. is made with; is felt B. are made from; is felt
C. are made of; feels D. is made by; feels
3. — What languages _____ in that country
— German and English.
A. are speaking B. are spoken
C. speak D. is spoken
4. Many trees _____ along the streets every year. So the air is very fresh now.
A. plant B. are planted
C. planted D. were planted
C
D
B
B
5. Silver __________ a ring for money.
A. is usually made into B. is usually made of C. is usually made from
6. I like the dumplings made ________ my mother best.
A. in B. from C. by
7. It is said that two ____ and three ____ are going to visit our school next week.
A. German; Japanese B. Germany; Japan
C. Germanys; Japans D. Germans; Japanese
8. Driving after drinking wine ______ in China.
A. allows B. doesn’t allow
C. is allowed D. isn’t allowed
9. — Excuse me, haven’t you learned the new _____ law Everyone in a car must
wearthe seat belt.
— Sorry, we won’t do that again.
A. food B. traffic C. medicine D. education
10. If more trees ____, our city will be more and more beautiful.
A. plant B. planted C. are planted D. were planted
A
C
D
D
B
C
1. 你的衬衫是棉制的吗？
_____ your shirts _____ _____ cotton
2. 是的, 而且它们产于美国。
Yes, they are. And they were _____ _____ the US.
3. 飞机模型是由什么制成？
______ the model plane ______ of
4. 它是由旧木头和玻璃制成。
It’s made of ______ ______ and ______.
5. 茶产自中国哪里？
______ ______ tea ________ in China
6. 茶产自很多不同的地区。
It’s produced in many ________ ______.
7. 茶是如何制成的？
________ is tea _________
made in
Are made of
What’s made
used wood glass
Where is produced
different areas
How produced
9. 在杭州人们种植茶叶。
People _______ ________ in Hangzhou.
Tea ________ ________ (by people) in Hangzhou.
10. Chinese by more and more people
from all over the world today.
A. learn B. learns
C. is learned D. was learned
11. — What language _______ in Canada
— Both English and French.
A. is spoken B. speaks C. is speaking
12. — Will you go to Lisa's housewarming party next Sunday
— Well, if I _________, I will go on time.
A. invite B. will invite
C. am invited D. will be invited
grow tea
is grown
C
A
C
人教版英语
Thank you
人教版英语