人教版（2019）必修一Unit 4 Natural disasters单元测评-（有答案，无听力题）

Unit 4 Natural disasters单元测评
时间：100分钟　　　满分：120分
　选择题部分
第二部分　阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
If the crust (外壳) of the earth were not pretty solid (坚固的), it would be shaking and moving up and down frequently. However, there are places in the rocks of the earth's crust where it isn't strongly held together — where faults exist. Along the faults, one rock might push against another with great force. The energy is changed to vibration in the rocks, so they begin to shake and we have an earthquake!
The most famous one in North America was the San Francisco earthquake of 1906. Seven hundred people died and property (财产) damage amounted to about $425,000,000. The greatest destruction came from the fires that followed the quake.
One of the most famous earthquakes in Europe took place in Lisbon, Portugal, in 1755. The city was destroyed and at least thirty thousand people were killed. In 1908, in Calabria and Sicily, a quake killed about seventy five thousand people. In 1915, in central Italy, hundreds of towns and villages were damaged and thirty thousand people were killed.
Two great earthquakes that caused great damage in Asia took place in Tokyo, Japan, and in Gansu Province in China. The Tokyo quake of 1923 killed more than one hundred thousand people and destroyed the city and the city of Yokohama, too. The Chinese quake in 1920 covered more than three hundred square miles and killed about two hundred thousand people.
1．The first paragraph mainly tells us ________.
A．where earthquakes happen
B．how earthquakes happen
C．the damage caused by earthquakes
D．famous earthquakes in the world
2．The underlined word “vibration” in the first paragraph probably means “________”．
A．shaking B．force
C．energy D．losing
3.Which of the following is the correct order of the years when the earthquakes happened
①the San Francisco earthquake
②the earthquake in Lisbon, Portugal
③the earthquake in Calabria and Sicily
④the earthquake in central Italy
⑤the earthquake in Gansu Province
⑥the Tokyo quake
A．③④⑤⑥②① B．⑤⑥②①③④
C．②①③④⑤⑥ D．①③④②⑤⑥
B
Earthquakes happen without warning (前兆). They can happen any time of a day, at any point during the year. But don't worry because most are so weak that they cannot be felt. Only a few big ones hurt people. However, it's important to know what to do when an earthquake is happening.
Do not go outside. You could get injured from falling glass or parts of buildings. If you are outside, stay away from buildings and power lines (输电线)．
Stay under a desk, table, or other strong furniture. Hold on to it. Or stay in a corner of the building. Cover your face and head with your arms and cover your mouth with a towel or clothing. Stay inside until shaking stops and it is safe to go outside.
Keep away from windows, pictures or advertisements on the wall or the building, and anything else that could fall and hurt you. Most people get injured by falling things during an earthquake, not by the shaking itself.
Also keep away from a fire. You could fall down and burn yourself in the fire.
If you are driving when an earthquake happens, stop the car if it's safe. Stay inside your car until the earthquake stops, and don't drive near bridges. Try not to stop by power lines or trees. These could fall and hurt you.
4．Most earthquakes are too ________ to hurt people.
A．strong B．weak
C．dangerous D．heavy
5．From the passage, when an earthquake is happening, we should ________.
A．stay under a big building
B．stay under a strong furniture
C．stand by windows
D．drive near a big bridge
6．It isn't safe for you to ________ while the earthquake is happening.
A．run out of the building
B．stay in a corner of the building
C．cover your head with your arms
D．cover your mouth with a towel
7．What's the main idea of the passage
A．How dangerous the earthquake is.
B．How to be safe in an earthquake.
C．We shouldn't be afraid of the earthquake.
D．How the earthquake comes into being.
C
Every year thousands of tourists visit Pompeii, Italy. They see the sights that Pompeii is famous for—its stadium and theatres, its shops and restaurants. The tourists do not, however, see Pompeii's people. They do not see them because Pompeii has no people. No one has lived in Pompeii for almost 2,000 years.
Once, Pompeii was a busy city of 22,000 people. It lay at the foot of Mount Vesuvius, a grass covered volcano. Mount Vesuvius had not erupted for centuries, so the people of Pompeii felt safe, but they were not. In August of AD 79, Mount Vesuvius erupted. The entire top of the mountain exploded， and a huge black cloud rose into the air. Soon stones and hot ash began to fall on Pompeii. When the eruption ended, Pompeii was buried under 20 feet of stones and ashes. Almost all of its people were dead.
For centuries, Pompeii lay buried under stone and ash. Then, in the year 1861, an Italian scientist named Ginseppe began to uncover Pompeii. Slowly, carefully, Ginseppe and his men dug. The city looked almost the same as it had looked in AD 79, There were streets and fountains, houses and shops, There was a stadium with 20,000 seats, Perhaps the most important of all, there were everyday objects, which tell us a great deal about the people who lived in Pompeii. Many glasses and jars had some dark blue color in the bottom, so we know that the people of Pompeii liked wine. They liked bread, too; metal bread pans were in the bakery. In one bakery there were 81 round, flat loaves of bread—a type of bread that is still sold in Italy today. Tiny boxes filled with a dark, shiny powder tell us that women liked to wear eye makeup.
8．Why do large numbers of people come to Pompeii each year
A．To find the volcano.
B．To shop and eat there.
C．To watch sports and plays.
D．To see how Pompeians lived.
9．Why had so many Pompeiians remained by volcanic Mount Vesuvius
A．The city nearby offered all kinds of fun.
B．The area produced the finest wine in Italy.
C．Few people expected the volcano to erupt again.
D．The mountain was beautiful and covered with grass.
10．Why did the city uncovered look almost the same as it had looked in AD 79
A．Ginseppe and his men dug it slowly and carefully.
B．The city was buried alive and remained untouched.
C．Scientists successfully rebuilt the city with everyday objects.
D．Nobody had lived in the city ever since the volcano erupted.
11．What do we know about the Pompeians who lived 2,000 years ago
A．They lived more or less the same as Italians now do.
B．They liked women wearing all kinds of makeup.
C．They enjoyed a lazy life with drinking and eating.
D．They went back to Pompeii after the eruption in AD 79.
D
As we know, earthquakes can bring people much fear. There are some places that have few or no earthquakes. Most places in the world, however, have them regularly. Countries that have a lot of earthquakes are usually quite mountainous.
The most talked about earthquake in the United States was in San Francisco in 1906. Over 700 people died in it. The strongest one in North America was in 1964. It happened in Alaska.
Strong earthquakes are not always the ones that kill the most people. In 1755, one of the strongest earthquakes ever recorded was felt in Portugal. Around 2,000 people died.
In 1923, a very strong earthquake hit Tokyo, Yokohama area of Japan. A hundred and forty thousand people died. Most of them died in fires which followed the earthquake.
One of the worst earthquakes ever was in China in 2008. It killed a large number of people. The worst earthquake ever reported was also in China, in which 400,000 people were killed or injured. This earthquake happened in 1556.
Earthquakes worry people a lot. The reason is that we often do not know when they are coming. People cannot prepare for earthquakes.
12．When and where was the worst earthquake ever reported
A．In 1964 in Alaska. B．In 1556 in China.
C．In 1923 in Japan D．In 2008 in China
13．According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true
A．Earthquakes can cause fires.
B．Earthquakes often come unexpectedly.
C．The stronger the earthquake is, the more people are killed.
D．People still don't know how to tell when an earthquake will come.
14．What may be talked about in the seventh paragraph
A．How do earthquakes happen
B．How do earthquakes worry people
C．What will people do to prepare for earthquakes
D．How can we save people when earthquakes happen
15．Earthquakes happen ________.
A in all the places in the world
B．only in a few places along the coast
C．regularly in most places in the world
D．only in the countries that have a lot of mountains
第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Would you know what to do if a fire started in your home Take the time now to review the following safety tips, and your family will be prepared in time of a fire in your home：
__1__
An escape plan can help every member of a family get out of a burning house. The idea is to get outside quickly and safely. __2__ So it is important to learn and remember the different ways out of your home.
Stay low
If you can see smoke in the house, stay low to the ground as you make your way to the exit. __3__ You will breathe less smoke if you stay to the ground. Smoke naturally rises, so if there is smoke while you are using your escape route, staying low means you can crawl(爬) under most of it.
What if you can't get out right away
If you can't get out fast because fire or smoke is stopping an escape route, you will want to yell for help. You can do this from an open window or call 911 if you have a phone with you. __4__ Then, firefighters will have a hard time finding you. The sooner they find you, the sooner you both can get out.
If your clothes catch fire, what should you do
Your clothes could catch fire during a fire or by accident if you step too close to a candle. If this happens, don't run! Instead, stop, drop to the ground, cover your face with your hands, and roll. This will cut off the air and put out the flames. __5__
A．Know your way out
B．Preventing fires is in the first place!
C．An easy way to remember this is: Stop, Drop, and Roll!
D．Smoke from a fire can make it hard to see where things are.
E．They will help prepare you for what you need to do in case of a fire.
F．Even if you are scared, never hide under the bed or in a closet.
G．In a fire, smoke and poisonous (有毒的) air hurt more people than the actual flames (火焰) do.
第三部分　语言运用(共三节，满分40分)
第一节　完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When my aunt, Holly, was 15 years old, she suffered from MS, a disease that attacks the central nervous system. What's scary is that it's not clear what causes MS or when it will __1__. When it first struck Holly, she had just finished her political science degree and held an admirable __2__. Her legs weakened, and she __3__ that she felt like she was a little child again, relearning to __4__. We kept our fingers crossed that by __5__ her legs regularly, she could return to normal. But soon, she lost both her job and her long－time boyfriend.
The girl, __6__ happy and active, became moody (情绪多变的) and quiet, __7__ to go out because her hands __8__ so much when she held anything. It's a completely __9__ feeling to watch a healthy relative take a turn for the __10__. But we, the whole extended family, all held on __11__ Holly's illness. Instead of going golfing every week, Grandfather worked around the house. Grandmother, almost 70, continued to work to help pay __12__ bills. My parents remained __13__ all the time through my aunt's worst mood changes. Even my sister and I were there just for __14__.
The hardest part was the feeling that Holly was unable to __15__ anything we did for her, complaining about everything and everybody. Finally came the day when we saw her __16__， when we all went to cheer her on in the annual MS walkathon (a walk that MS patients take to recover). Despite the freezing wind, I __17__ the rest of my family. When the walk was over, Holly __18__ introduced my sister and me to her friends who had come along to support her. I was able to see how just a little care can mean more than physical __19__.
Most importantly, I've learned through this whole __20__ with my family that, no matter what we have to suffer, we have a wonderful support group around us that will always catch us before any of us falls.
1．A.happen B．strike
C．disappear D．lose
2．A.record B．job
C．baby D．ambition
3．A.warned B．predicted
C．joked D．announced
4．A.walk B．run
C．think D．speak
5．A.moving B．treating
C．resting D．stretching
6．A.once B．later
C．forever D．never
7．A.frightened B．discouraged
C．disappointed D．embarrassed
8．A.waved B．shook
C．clapped D．seized
9．A.strange B．real
C．helpless D．meaningless
10．A.better B．more
C．worse D．less
11．A.through B．to
C．with D．after
12．A.individual B．extra
C．private D．medical
13．A.relaxed B．concerned
C．active D．crazy
14．A.relief B．comment
C．profit D．reward
15．A.notice B．receive
C．appreciate D．believe
16．A.joy B．devotion
C．attitude D．change
17．A.joined B．left
C．persuaded D．searched
18．A.quickly B．unwillingly
C．enthusiastically D．forgetfully
19．A.punishment B．treatment
C．beauty D．disability
20．A.accident B．movement
C．training D．experience
非选择题部分
第二节 语篇语法填空(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Once there lived a rich man __1__ wanted to do something for the people of his town. __2__ first he wanted to find out whether they deserved (值得) his help.
In the centre of the main road into the town, he placed a very large stone. Then he __3__ (hide) behind a tree and waited. Soon an old man came along with his cow.
“Who put this stone in the centre of the road？” said the old man, but he did not try to remove the stone. Instead, with some __4__ (difficult) he passed around the stone and continued on his way. Another man came along and did the same thing; then another came, and another. All of them complained about the stone but not tried to remove __5__. Late in the afternoon a young man came along. He saw the stone, __6__ (say) to himself: “The night __7__ (be) very dark. Some neighbors will come along __8__ (late) in the dark and will fall against the stone.”
Then he began to move the stone. He pushed and pulled with all his __9__ (strong) to move it, only __10__ (find) a bag of money under the stone. Imagine how surprised he was!
第四部分　写作(满分40分)
第一节 应用文写作（15分）
昨天本市山里的火灾导致半数森林被毁，引起社会各界极大关注。据警方调查，火灾是由路人丢弃的烟蒂引起的。请根据火灾情况给学校广播站写一篇英语简讯， 内容包括：
1．火灾发生的时间、地点；
2．火灾的影响和各界对此火灾的反应；
3．你的态度。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
第二节 故事续写（25分）
阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
In 1989, an 8.2 earthquake almost flattened (夷为平地) America, killing over 30,000 people in less than four minutes.
In the middle of the chaos, a father left his wife securely at home and rushed to the school where his_son was supposed to be, only to discover that the building was as flat as a pancake.
As he looked at the pile of debris (废墟) that once was the school, tears began to fill his eyes. After the initial sadness and shock, he remembered the promise he had made to his son：“No_matter_what,_I'll_always_be_there_for_you！” Remembering his son's classroom would be in the back right corner of the building, he rushed there and started digging through the stone.
As he was digging, other parents arrived, clapping hands to their chests, saying, “My son！” “My daughter！” Other well meaning parents tried to pull him off what was left of the school, saying, “It's too late！” “They're dead！” “You're just going to make things worse！”
To each parent he answered with one line “Are you going to help me now？” And then he kept digging for his son, stone by stone.
The fire chief (消防队长) showed up and tried to pull him off the school's debris, saying, “Fires are breaking out. Explosions are happening everywhere. You're in danger. We'll take care of it. Go home.” This loving, caring American father asked, “Are you going to help me now？”
The police came and said, “You're angry, mad and it's over. You put others in danger. Go home. We'll handle it！” He replied, “Are you going to help me now？” No one helped. Courageously he dug alone because he needed to know for himself：“Is my boy alive or is he dead？”
注意：
1．所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2．至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语；
3．续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；
4．续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。
Paragraph 1：
He dug for 8 hours ... 12 hours ... 24 hours ... 36 hours ... then, in the 38th hour, he pulled back a big stone and heard some noise.
Paragraph 2：
“How many of you are there below？” he shouted.
参考答案：
【阅读理解】
1-3BAC
4-7BBAB
8-11DCBA
12-15BCCC
【七选五】
ADGFC
【完形填空】
1-5BBCAB
6-10ADBCC
11-15ADBAC
16-20DACBD
【语法填空】
1．who/that
2．But
3．hid
4．difficulty
5．it
6．saying
7．will be
8．later　
9．strength
10．to find
【应用文】
Everyone, attention, please! I'm so sorry to tell you that a terrible fire broke out in a mountain in our city yesterday.
Luckily, the firefighters hurried there at once and fought against it bravely, but the fire was so big that it lasted five hours. To our sorrow, half of the forest was destroyed by the fire. What's worse, two persons were badly injured. At last, according to the police, the terrible fire was caused by a live cigarette end which was thrown carelessly by a passer by.
The terrible accident has taught us a lesson that useful measures should be taken to prevent forest fires. For example, more notice boards must be set up to warn of the danger of throwing out live cigarette ends. In a word, the government must take high notice and the public should be taught about the importance of protection to reduce the damage.
【读后续写】
Paragraph 1：
He dug for 8 hours ... 12 hours ... 24 hours ... 36 hours ... then, in the 38th hour, he pulled back a big stone and heard some noise.He called out his son's name, “Armand！” He heard a voice, “Dad？！ It's me, Dad！” It's his_son! He is still alive! He felt wild with joy and shouted, “Armand, are you OK？” His son shouted loud back, “Dad, I'm OK. I know you'll come! I told the other kids not to worry. I told them that if my father were alive, he would save me. When he saved me, they would be saved. You promised, ‘No_matter_what,_I'll_always_be_there_for_You！’ You did it, Dad！”
Paragraph 2：
“How many of you are there below？” he shouted. “There are 14 of us left out of 33. We're scared and hungry. When the building fell down in the earthquake,_it made a triangle area, and it saved us.” “Come on out, boy！” “No, Dad! Let the other kids out first, because I know you'll get me! No matter what, I know you'll be there for me！”