人教版（2019） 选择性必修第一册 Unit 4 Body Language Words and expressions课件（66张PPT）

(共66张PPT)
Body Language
Words ＆ Expressions
Miss Q
interaction / nt r k n/ n. 交流；相互影响
词汇记忆
interact v. 交流；相互影响
interactive adj. 交互的；互动的
归纳拓展
We use both words and body language to express our thoughts and opinions in our interactions with other people.
vary
Just like spoken language, body language varies from culture to culture.
vary (widely/greatly/enormously/slightly)
差异、变化很大、很小
vary with 伴随/根据…而变化
vary (=differ) from…to… 由…到…不同 / 变化
vary (=differ) in price/size/weight /color/shape…
在…方面不同
/ ve ri/ vi. （根据情况）变化；改变
various adj. 不同的; 各种各样的; 多姿多彩的
variety n. 变化; 种类; 多样化
varied adj. 多变的 (=changeable)
He decided to change his job for _________ reasons.
Old people don’t like to ______ their habits.
The prices of some goods _________ the season.
There are a _______ of activities to choose from.
various
vary
vary with
variety
appropriate / pr pri t/ adj. 合适的,恰当的
The crucial thing is using body language in a way that is appropriate to the culture you are in.
be appropriate to/for… 适合……
=be suitable for sb/sth
It is appropriate for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说做某事是合适的
appropriately adv. 恰当的；合适的
inappropriate adj. 不恰当的；不合适的/for… 适合……
by contrast 相比之下
in contrast to/with 和…形成对比
1)She almost failed the exam, but her brother, by contrast, did more than well.
2)In contrast to last year's profits, the company is not doing very well this year.
3)就质量而言，没有任何产品能和我们的相比。
As for the quality, no products can be in contrast with ours.
approve of 赞成；同意
approve of sb./sb.’s doing sth. 同意某人做某事
approving adj.赞成的 approval n.认可；赞成；同意（反：dis-）
归纳拓展
approve [ pru vl] vi./vt. 赞成; 同意; 批准; 通过
In other countries, by contrast, eye contact is not always aprroved of.
meet with/win/obtain one's approval 得到某人的批准
□ Her parents now _________ her marriage
□ I don’t ____________ (his/him) smoking in bed.
□The professor made no comment about the speech, but
gave an ___________ nod.
nodded in ___________.
nodeded at me ________________.
approve of
approve of
approving
approval
approvingly
demonstrate [ dem nstre t]
vt. 表现; 表达; 说明; 证明
demonstration n. 证明，示范
vi. 示威;示威游行
demonstrate against sb / sth 示威反对某人/某事
常见的搭配demonstrate one’s ability/ talent/ commitment)
demonstrate wh-从句
The teacher demonstrated how we should do the experiment.
In Japan, it may demonstrate respect to look down when talking to an older person.
witness [ w tn s]
n. 目击者; 证人
vt. 当场看到; 目击; 见证
be (a) witness to… 是……的目击者/见证人
give witness (to sth.) 为……作证；证明
归纳拓展
He took the stand as the first ______________.
I __________ (witness) how the young couple got through the most difficult times in their life.
The new People's Republic of China saw/witnessed Dr Lin Qiaozhi _________ (play) a key role.
________ to the crash say they saw an explosion just before the disaster.
witness
witnessed
playing
Witnesses
出庭作证
employ [ m pl ] vt. 使用，应用，雇佣
归纳拓展
employ sb. as…/to do sth. 雇某人当……/做某事
be employed in doing sth. 忙于做某事
employ oneself in (doing) sth. 忙于做某事
反义词：fire/dismiss 解雇
employment n. 雇用，使用，工作，职业
in employment out of employment
unemployment n. 失业
employer n.雇主
employee n.雇员
unemployed adj. 失业的；没有工作的
练习巩固
The ____________ (employ) warned the ____________ (employ) to work hard or they would be fired.
____________ (employ) in an important conference, he has no time to go back home.
employer
employees
Employed
In Japan, someone who witnesses another person employing the gesture might think it means money.
gesture [ d est (r)] n.姿势， 手势
v. 打手势
n.
make a gesture at sb 对某人做个手势
(shake one’s head) in/with a guesture of (impatience)
用（不耐烦的）姿势
v.
gesture for/to sb to do sth 示意某人做某事
= sign
identical [a dent kl] adj.相同的
be identical to/with sb/sth 与...完全一样、相同
=be the same as...
be identical in sth. 在某方面完全一样、相同
identity n.身份，个性，特性，一致性
identify v. 认出，识别，发现，查明，确认，理解，认同，与..一致
identification n. 辨认，确认，鉴定
interpret [ n t pr t] 口译；解释；翻译
interpretation n 口译
interpreter n.口译员
interpret.....as......把......解释为.....
right to interpret 解释权
His refusal _________ (work) late _________________ （被理解为） a lack of commitment _____ the company.
to work
was/is interpreted as
to
In France, a person encountering an identical gesture may interpret it as meaning zero.
In Japan, someone who witnesses another person employing the gesture might think it means money.
differ [ d f (r)] 相异，不同于
differ from sth. 不同于某事
differ with sb. on/about sth. 和某人在某事上意见不同
I beg to differ. 我不敢苟同
different adj. difference n. make a difference to
indifferent adj.
对……造成影响
漠不关心的
by comparison (with sb/sth/) (与…)相比较/比较起来 （比较、相对而言）
= in comparison (with/to sb/sth)
=(when/as) compared to/with… 和…比
be beyond/without comparsion 无与伦比
By comparison, in Bulgaria and southern Albania, the gestures have the opposite meaning.
favour [ fe v (r)]
vt. 较喜欢；选择；有利于
n. 帮助；恩惠；赞同
归纳拓展
do sb. a favour 帮某人的忙
in favour of 支持；赞同
in one’s favour 对某人有利
owe one’s a favour 欠某人的情
show favour to sb 偏爱
favourable adj. 给人好印象的； 赞同的；有利的
favourite adj. 最喜欢的 n. 特别喜爱的人或事物
A mother mustn't favor one of her children more than the others.
Hot climate and plentiful rainfall favor the growth of plants.
=show favor to 偏爱
=are favourable to/for 对……有利
③ I’m all in favor of equal pay for equal work.
=completely support 完全支持
④ The old blind man asked me to do him a _______and find his __________ book.
favour
favourite
make inferences [ nf r ns] 推理，判断
v. infer (inferred-inferred) 推理，暗示
关键句:Since books from Seedlings were affordable, it was possible to have a home library.
What can we infer from the last paragraph
→ The author attached importance to her son's reading.
关键句:The challenges were complex: making sure real-time data of geographic location was accurate enough.
What can be inferred from the passage
→ Technological barriers may block the traffic jam delivery process.
break down
消除；分解；打破；（机器等）出故障；（谈判）失败
练习巩固
Her health broke down under the pressure of work. ______________
Talks between the two sides have broken down. ______________
It takes a long time to break down prejudices, but we have to keep trying. ________
Decomposers (分解物) break down dead animal and vegetable matter into nutrients. ________
（身体）垮掉
（谈判）失败
消除
分解
A smile can break down barriers. 一个微笑可以消除隔阂。
归纳拓展
break 用法
n. 破裂；间歇；休息；暂停；天亮；拂晓
have/ take a break 休息片刻
at the break of day 拂晓时分
without a break 不间断地
v.(break-broke-broken) （使）破碎；违背；暂停；打断
break one’s promise 违背诺言
break the silence 打破沉默
break in打断；插嘴
break into 闯入
break out (战争、
火灾等)爆发
break up分散；拆散；驱散；（关系等）破裂
fake adj. 假装的，冒充的
反义词合集：true real
authentic
genuine
natural
归纳拓展
v. anger at sb./sth. 因某人/某事而生气
anger sb. 激怒某人
n. in anger 愤怒地
angry adj. 生气的；愤怒地
be angry at/with sb. (about/ for sth.) （因某事）对某人生气
angrily adv. 生气地；愤怒地
anger [ ɡ (r)] n.愤怒；怒气 v.激怒；使生气
练习巩固
He was ________ (anger) with her for breaking her promise.
She just managed to hold back her _______ (angry).
anger
angry
reliable [r la bl] adj.可靠的，可信赖的
归纳拓展
a reliable product 质量可靠的产品
rely v. 依靠；依赖
rely on/upon = depend on/upon 依靠；依赖
rely on/upon sb. to do sth. 指望某人做某事
rely on/upon it that 从句 指望/相信
reliability n. 可靠（性）
reliably adv. 可靠地；可信地
练习巩固
Tom is clever while Jack is honest and ________ (rely).
You may rely on ______ that she is sure to attend the meeting.
I can always rely on you _________ (cheer) me up.
reliable
it
to cheer
trial [ tra l] n&v.审讯；审判；试验；试用
Jeremy witnessed the whole incident and was expected to be the key witness at the trial.
on trial 在试验中
trial and error反复试验；不断摸索
slight adj. 轻微的，略微的，细小的
slightly adv. 略微，稍微
When he noticed a slight frown on his twin sister’s face, he frowned as well.
When we think about nonverbal behaviour, or body language, we think about communication.
[fra n]
assessment [ sesm nt] n.评定，评价
assess v. 评估，评价
to judge, evaluate or estimate
to calculate the value or cost of sth
make an assessment of 对……做出评定
It’s difficult to assess the effects of the reform.
Damage to the building was assessed at $80,000.
internal [ n t nl] adj. 内部的，里面的，国内的
internalize v.使内在化
反义词： external
Body language provides external clues that are influenced by internal thoughts and feelings.
straighten up ①直起身来;
②整理; 收拾整齐
③振作
straight adj. 直接的； n.直道
straighten vt. & vi. (使)变直；整理
/ stre tn/
light → lighten 减轻，使变亮
strength → stengthen 加强
threat → threaten 威胁
Scientists have found that when we feel proud and powerful, we usually straighten up to make ourselves bigger.
slump [sl mp]
vi.垂头弯腰地走或坐;耷拉着/瘫坐着; 猛跌
n.[C]萧条, 骤降
1)He slumped, exhausted, onto the sofa.
2)the global economic slump
3)He slumped in the street, worrying that he wasn't able to finish the work on time.
全球经济衰退
pose [p z] n.故作姿态;(为画像、拍照等摆的)姿势
vi.摆好姿势 vt.造成(威胁、问题等)
He adopted a relaxed pose for the camera.
pose a threat/challenge/danger/risk 构成威胁 / 挑战 / 危险 / 风险
bend vt.＆v.(bent, bent) (使)弯曲;倾斜;偏向
bend/lower one's head
He bent and kissed her. ( ω )
She was bent over her desk writing a letter.
bend to one’s will 屈服于某人的意志
a sharp/tight bend 急转弯
By bowing, we mean “bending our head or body forward as a sign of respect or shame”.
reveal: vt. to make sth. known 揭示; 显示; 露出
revelation n.揭示；揭露；被揭露的内情
1)She laughed, revealing her white teeth.
2)He will never reveal his friends’ secrets.
3)The findings of the research reveals that appropriate exercise benefits sleeping.
4)Blood tests reveal that the old woman is in good health.
Whatever is hidden is harmful ( hence revelation equals security)
clarify [ kl r fa ] vt.使更清晰易懂;阐明;澄清
clarify a situation/problem/issue 澄清情况 / 问题
clear → clarify
identity → identify
class → classify
quality → qualify
simple → simplify
clarification n.阐明；澄清
in other words = that is to say
P43
Ali always keeps her word; in other words, she never breaks her word. When free, she'd like to have a word with people face to face, and never has words with others. In a word, all of her friends like her as she can get on well with everyone around her.
tendency [ tend nsi] n.倾向；趋势
tend v. 倾向于，照顾
People tend to need less sleep as they get older.
imply [ m pla ] vt.意味着；暗示
implication n.暗示，言外之意
lower [ l (r) ]
vt. 把…放低;降低;减少
adj下面的;下方的;较小的
They lowered him down the cliff on a rope.
_______ his head, he felt ashamed.
He belongs to the lower middle class.
low adj. 低的；粗俗的；卑贱的；消沉的
adv. 谦卑地，低下地；低声地
Lowering
中产阶级的下层
People have a tendency to lean towards whatever they are interested in. So if a student has his head lowered to look at his watch, it implies he is bored and just counting the minutes for the class to end.
barely [ be l ] adv. 几乎不，勉强才能，刚刚
bare adj. 赤裸的，仅仅的，空的
Their eyes barely move, and they always have the same distant expression on their faces. It is as though they are asleep with their eyes open.
merely [ m li] adv. 只是，仅仅，只不过
mere adj. 仅仅，只不过，极小的
练习巩固
The city __________________ (occupy) by the enemy for three years.
Please write down your name, age and _____________ (occupy) on the application form.
She occupied herself _______ daily routine office task.
has been occupied
occupation
with
occupy [ kjupa ] vt. 占据；占用
occupy sb. with sth./in doing sth. 使某人忙于做某事
occupation n. 职业；占用
occupied adj. 忙于……的；被占领的
be occupied with… = be busy with… 忙于做某事
be occupied (in) doing sth. = be busy in doing sth. 忙于做某事
归纳拓展
be employed in doing
be busy doing
be engaged in doing
整天忙于家务，她精疲力尽。
____________________________ housework all day，she was tired out.
___________________________________ housework all day made her tired out.
Occupying herself/Occupied with
Occupying herself/Being occupied with
佳句举例
词义辨析
We stare at our phones when we want to avoid eye contact.
当我们想要避免眼神接触时，我们就会盯着自己的手机。
stare at “盯着……看”，指出于好奇、惊讶等原因长时间直视，常含粗鲁无礼之意。
glare at “怒目而视”，指出于气愤或敌意而瞪着看。
glance at “一瞥”，意为匆忙中迅速看一眼。
stare [ste (r)] vi.盯着看；凝视 n.凝视
The gesture for “OK” has different meanings in different cultures. In Japan, someone_____witnesses another person _________(运用) the gesture might think it means money. In France, a person __________(encounter) an identcal gesture may interpret it ____ meaning zero. However, you should avoid ______ this gesture in Brazil and Germany, as it is not ___________(考虑) polite.
文本深度挖掘
who
employing
encountering
as
making
considered
distract [d str kt] vt.分散(注意力); 使分心
distract sb/sth (from sth)
distraction n.使人分心的事
distracted
distracting
归纳拓展
adj. 心烦意乱的
adj. 使人分心的
The children are driving me to distraction today.
annoyed
By distacting the mind from the pain, music, people say, can lower stress and anxiety levels.
anxiety [ za ti] n.焦虑，担心，害怕
n. a feeling of wanting to do something very much
adj. anxious 焦虑的
同义词：worry / concern
归纳拓展
________(trap) in great _______, Peter paced back and forth.
_______(注意到) mother’s _______expression, I felt guilty to make her worried about me.
Trapped
anxiety
Noticing
anxious
perceive [p si v] vt. 察觉;看待;理解
perceive... as sth. 把……视为
perception n. 看法；感知；洞察力
perceptive adj. 有洞察力的；感知的
归纳拓展
It is easy to perceive students’ absence of mind. With their chins on their hands, they occupy themselves by staring out of the window. The main thing is reminding distracted students that they need to pay attention to class. Not surprisingly, anxiety never fail to seize me when I think about their grades.
distinguish [d st ɡw ] vi.＆vt. 区分，辨别
归纳拓展
distinguish (between) A and B 区分A和B
distinguish A from B 把A和B区分开来
distinguish between good and evil 分清善恶
distinguished adj. 卓越的；显著的；杰出的
be distinguished as = be famous as= distinguish oneself as...
佳句举例
It was hard to distinguish one twin from the other.
很难分辨出一对孪生儿谁是谁。
embarrassed [ m b r st] adj.难堪的；尴尬的
embarrass v. 使尴尬
embarrasing adj. 令人尴尬的
embarrassment n.尴尬，窘境
dilemma difficulty n.
I find it _____________ to speak in public when I can’t remember the right word.
embarrassing
ashamed [ e md] adj.羞愧，惭愧
归纳拓展
be/feel ashamed of (doing) sth. 因做某事而感到羞愧
be/feel ashamed to do sth. 不好意思做某事
shame v. 使惭愧；使羞愧 n. 羞愧
It is a shame that… 真遗憾……
shameful adj. 可耻的 shameless adj. 无耻的
练习巩固
He was __________ (shame) of cheating in the exam and determined never to do that again.
I’m ashamed __________ (say) that I lied to her.
ashamed
to say
Students ____ are sad or worried will nearly always wear a frown. They may also hide their faces in their hands like they are embarrassed or ashamed. Some students act this way merely because they are afraid of ____ called on by the teacher.
who
being
(短暂地）访问；要求（某人讲话等）；正式邀请
归纳拓展
call 用法
n. 叫喊声；通话；要求；号召；呼吁
a call for help 呼喊声
give a call/ make a call 打电话
v. （给……打电话）召唤；大声叫喊；命名；召集
I heard someone calling in the distance.
The Security Council has called on an emergency session to discuss the crisis.
bother [ b (r)]
vi & vt [常用于否定句和疑问句] 费心；麻烦 to spend time and / or energy doing sth：
He didn’t bother to answer the question. 他懒得回答问题。
— I need to advertise for a roommate for next term.
— Why bother Mary is interested.
vt 使烦恼；使苦恼 (worry)；使疼痛 to make someone feel slightly worried, upset or concerned.
You needn’t bother yourself about / with small things.
conflict [ k nfl kt] n.矛盾;冲突
[k n fl kt] vi.冲突;抵触
armed/military conflict 武装 / 军事冲突
in conflict with sb 和...有冲突
There's always a conflict between good and evil in his plays.
new evidence which conflicts with previous findings
inquire = enquire [ n'kwa (r)] 询问;打听
inquire sth. of sb. 向某人打听[或询问/了解]某事
inquire about sb./sth. 询问/打听…
inquire into sth
inquire after sb
inquiry = enquiry n. 调查
调查
问候
If a student does not bother to brush her hair and her eyes are red from weeping, then I can infer that there are deeper issues at work. It could be that she is having serious conflicts with other students or at home. Whatever it is, I know I need to inquire and assess what is going on.
ultimately [ lt m tli] adv.最终；最后
finally, after everything else has been done or considered
终归，根本上
同义词：finally, eventually, basically, conclusively, after all
形容词：
ultimate 最终的，终极的
You are the one who faced your fears and ultimately overcame them.
Ultimately, though, you have to make your own judgments.
adjust [ d st] v.调整，调节，适应，（使）习惯
adjust to (doing) sth. 适应（做）某事
adjust oneself to (doing) sth. 使自己适应（做）某事
adjustable adj. 可调整的；可调节的
adjustment n. 调整；调节；适应
归纳拓展
reliable
favourable
同义词： adapt accommodate accustom modify
练习巩固
I tried to make the necessary ______________ (adjust) to this new situation.
After a while, my eyes adjusted ____ the darkness inside the cave.
The time schedule needs to be ___________ (adjust).
adjustment
to
adjusted
intervene [ nt vi n] vi.干预，介入
intervene in
名词：intervention
同义词： involve
Ultimately, my duty is ______(帮助) every student to learn. Their body language lets me know when to adjust class activities, when to intervene, and when to talk to students individually.
helping
react [ri kt] vi.（对……）起反应；回应；
（对食物等）有不良反应
reaction n. 回应；化学反应
reactive adj. 易起反应的
overreact v.
reactionary adj. 反动的，保守的
反应过激的
component [k m p n nt] n.组成部分，零件
compose v.组成；写作
composition n.作品，作曲
tone [t n] n.语气；腔调；口吻
同义词：accent 口音
Reacting to body language is an important component of being a teacher.
There are three components in any face-to-face communication: words, tone of voice, and body language.
友情提示
明天早读默写
快订正啊