(共43张PPT)
Unit 4 Inventions
More practice & Culture corner&Project
牛津深圳·广州版八年级上册
Learning objectives
1. Knowledge objectives:
① Learn words giant, ballpoint pen, edit, refresh, ink, confusion, tip, scroll, success
and the present phrase, make a mess, easy to dry, reference, etc.
② Learn how the inventor of the ball point pen invented the ball point pen. The Kongming Lamp was invented by Zhuge Liang, and the story of Cai Lun's invention
of paper.
③Reading and cultural corner, as well as the general idea and details of the article.
2. Skill objectives:
① Use Internet resources, encyclopedias, and other tools to search for more information about inventors and inventions.
Learning objectives
② Students can predict the content of the article according to the pictures and the
title of the article.
③ Develop students' skimming, searching and other reading strategies to understand the general idea of the article and the details of the text.
3. Emotional goals:
Students should understand the influence of ancient Chinese inventions on western modern inventions, and enhance their national pride.
4. Thinking ability:
Cultivate students' ability to grasp the essence and law of things, comprehensively analyze problems, make correct judgments, and quickly draw conclusions.
Discussion
Do you know some great inventors and their inventions in world history
Cai Lun
paper making
technology
Edison
light bulb
Bi Sheng
Movable type
printing
Alexander Graham Bell
Telephone
the (fountain) pen
the ballpoint pen
Do you know who is in the picture below What did he invent
László Bíró (Hungarian: B í r ó L á szl ó), who wanted a pen easier to use than a pen, invented the first ballpoint pen in 1930.
Do you prefer
or
Discussion
Key words
giant
[ d a nt] n.&adj.
同义词enormous adj.
A pen giant
ballpoint pen
[ b lp nt pen]n.
Biro(1899-1985) was the inventor of
the ballpoint pen.
Key words
refill
[ ri f l , ri f l] vt.
ink
[ k]n.&vt.
However, he had to refill it all
the time.
His brother, George, helped him develop
a special ink.
Key words
tip
[t p]n.
mess
[mes] n.&v.
The ink also did not dry easily, and it
sometimes made a mess on the paper.
There was a tiny ball at the tip of
the pen.
Key words
roll
[r l]n.&v.
The ball rolled ink onto paper
as it move.
success
[s k ses] n.
success (in sth/in doing sth.)
The ballpoint pen was a great success.
Do you know why the ballpoint pen was invented
Discussion
Clear handwriting
Stable handwriting
dry easily
Long service life
cheap and easy
to carry
Discussion
What are the advantages of ballpoint pens
Paragraph _____
The ballpoint pen was a
great success.
How people remember Bíró.
Paragraph ______
Paragraph ______
3
2
4
Skim the article about the inventor of the ballpoint pen, László Bíró, and tell what each paragraph is about.
How the ballpoint pen was invented.
More practice
A pen giant
Do you know László Bíró Maybe you do not, but you probably use his invention every day, and you may even have it in your hand right now!
Biro(1899-1985) was the inventor of the ballpoint pen. He
was born in Budapest, Hungary. In the 1930s, when he
worked as a newspaper editor, he used a fountain pen almost every day. However, he had to refill it all the time. The ink also did not dry easily, and it sometimes made a mess on the paper. Biro wanted a better pen. His brother, George, helped him develop a special ink. The ink dried easily. Then they developed a new type of pen.
Reading
容易干
弄得一团糟
总是
Reading
A pen giant
The ballpoint pen was a great success. Everyone loved it.
Now millions of people use it all over the world every day.
There was a tiny ball at the tip of the pen. The ball rolled ink onto paper as it move. They called it the “ballpoint” pen.
People will always remember Biro for his invention. Today in many English-
speaking countries, people still use the word “biro” to refer to any kind of
ballpoint pen.
1. Why did Bíró decide to invent the ballpoint pen
2. How did Bíró’s brother help him invent the ballpoint pen
3. How does the ballpoint pen work
4. How do people remember Bíró for his invention today
Because he had to refill his fountain pen all the time. The ink did not dry easily and it sometimes made a mess on the paper.
Bíró's brother helped him develop a special ink. The ink dry easily.
A Read the article again. Then answer the questions below.
There is a tiny ball at the tip of the pen. The ball rolls ink onto paper as it moves.
In many English-speaking countries, people still use the word "biro" to refer to any kind of ballpoint pen.
Exercise
Discussion
B Do you like to use ballpoint pens Why or why not Discuss these with your classmates.
Why is the word "giant" used in the title of the text What does it mean Why did the author call Biro a pen giant Discuss these problems with your partner.
Discussion
Discussion
Sax
Saxophone
Earl of Sandwich
John Montague
Sandwich
Do you know any other inventions named after the inventor
Discussion
Guess what item is described according to the following words
1. It’s very popular all over Asia.
2. Zhuge Liang used such lanterns to give signals in battles.
3. People use it on important days and during festivals.
Kongming
(Zhuge Liang)
Culture corner
Have you ever flown a Kongming Lantern When
Discussion
2.What is the relationship between
the Kongming Lantern and the hot-air balloon
The Kongming Lantern led to the
invention of the hot-air balloon.
Skim the article about the Kongming Lantern and the hot-air balloon and answer the following questions.
1.Where is the Kongming Lantern popular
All over Asia.
Pr-reading
Reading
Exercise
Read the article about the Kongming Lantern and the hot-air balloon again and answer the following questions.
1. What is Kongming Lamp
2. How did Kongming Lantern rise to the sky
3. When do people use the Kongming Lantern
4. What did Zhuge Liang use such lanterns to do
It is a kind of paper lantern with a closed top and a small candle inside.
The candle heats the air inside the lantern and makes it rise.
People use it on important days and during festivals.
He used them to give signals in battles.
Discussion
Now, people usually put Kongming Lanterns on major
festivals such as the Lantern Festival and the Mid Autumn
Festival for blessing.
Do you know the different uses of Kongming in ancient and modern times
In ancient times, Kongming Lantern was mostly used
for military purposes.ZhugeLiang used such lanterns to
give signals in battles.
Do you know any other inventions that led to other inventions
Discussion
How well do you know this unit Tick√the boxes.
①I can read an article about great inventions.
②I can skim to get the general idea of an article.
③I can listen for specific information about four funny inventions.
④I can use the comparative and superlative of good,bad and
far correctly.
⑤I can use (not)as ... as correctly.
⑥I can use rising intonation to ask Yes/No questions.
⑦I can talk about the most useful invention to me and my family with
my classmate.
⑧I can write a short article about my own invention.
⑨I know about the Kongming Lantern and the hot-air balloon.
Self-assessment
A Look at the photos below. In groups, choose one invention and discuss it. Use the questions below to help you. Add more questions if you wish.
How much do you know about Chinese inventions In this project,
you will help make a booklet called Great Chinese Inventions.
Project
B After the discussion, complete the table below. Research on the Internet or use an encyclopedia if necessary.
Project
An ____________ to the invention
The ________ of
the invention
The __________ between the invention and you
introduction
history
relationship
The _________ of the invention
importance
Read the following passage, fill in the blanks and complete the main idea of each paragraph.
The invention of paper
Paper is an important invention.
Cai Lun invented it around 2,000myears ago in China.
Before the invention of paper, people had to remember
lots of information or write it on stone, wood, leaves, etc.
Today everyone in the world uses paper. With paper, we can make books and print newspapers.Sharing information is a lot easier with the help of paper.
I use paper every day. I do homework on paper and I keep a diary. Paper is a great invention.
Exercise
1. What does the invention of paper mean
2. When and where was paper invented first ”
3. What can they do with paper for students today
4. What does the passage mainly talk about
Paper is a great invention./Paper is one of the most important inventions.
More people can be educated.
About 2,000 years ago in China.
They can do homework or keep a diary.
Read the following passage and answer the following questions.
Exercise
Writing
C In groups, write a short article about the invention. Use the outline and the example below to help you.
Writing
D As a class,put all your articles together to make a booklet everyone to read.
Writing
Alan Turing was born in London, England, in 1912. He attended
Cambridge University from 1931 to 1934. Turing was a mathematician
(数学家) and a computer scientist. Many people called Turing the father
of computer science. He created the first design (设计) for a modern computer.
Turing wanted to know if a machine could think for itself and trick someone
into believing they were having a conversation with another person. This became known as the Turing test.In the test, a human talked to two other people through a computer. One was a machine, and the other was a person. This idea is still used today.
Model essay
Key words
1. giant n.巨人;巨兽adj.巨大的;伟大的
2.ballpoint pen n.圆珠笔
3.refill v.再装满 ; 重新装满
4.ink n.墨水 ; 油墨 ; 墨汁
5.mess n.混乱;杂乱;不整洁v.使不整洁;弄脏;弄乱
6.tip n.尖端;(装在顶端的)小部件
7.roll n.卷;翻滚v.(使)翻滚，滚动
8.success n.成功;胜利
Key phrases
1.right now马上,立即;现在
2.make a mess搞得一团糟;弄脏乱
3.dry easily容易干燥;速干
4.refer to查阅;提到
1. However, he had to refill it all the time.
不过，他总是要（用墨水）重新装满它。
refill 是动词，意为“重新装满”，由前缀re-加词根fill 构成。前缀re-意为“再次；重新”，常加在动词和名词的前面。例如：reread“重读”，resale“转售”。
all the time 意为“一直；总是”。例如：
I’ll help you all the time.我会一直帮助你。
Language point
【辨析】all the time与always
all the time 是副词性短语，意为“一直；总是”，表示自某个特定阶段开始，一直到结束，不表示频率，常位于句末。
always 是频度副词，意为“总是”，表示动作的反复、状态的持续，中间没有间断，其反义词是never；与进行时连用时，常带有不满、赞美等感情
色彩。例如：
Children are singing all the time.孩子们一直在唱歌。
He always gets up early.他总是起床很早。
Language point
语法填空
Mother is devoted to Dad although they squabble ___ the time.
all
2. ... and it sometimes made a mess on the paper.
……它有时把纸弄得一团糟。
mess 在此句中是名词，意为“杂乱；混乱”，常用冠词a 修饰，构成的短语有：
in a mess乱成一团；乱糟糟的 make a mess弄得一团糟
例如:My son’s room is always in a mess. 我儿子的房间总是乱糟糟的。
Language point
根据中文含义填空
“What a ______!(一团糟) ” she said, surveying the scene after the party.
mess
( )1. ____ invention may be new today, but in a few years, it may be outdated.
A. A B. An C. The D. 不填
( )2. Tom ____ visits his grandparents at weekends.
A. sometime B. some time C. sometimes D. some times
( )3. This box of books is too heavy. Please help me ____ it into that room.
A. carry B. carrying C. carried D. to carrying
( )4.Our boss says because you are the 100,000th customer in our restaurant, you can order ____ dish you like for free.
A. no B. some C. any D. every
( )5. ____ time went by, the boy forgot his promise in the end.
A. When B. Since C. Though D. As
C
C
A
C
D
Exercises
一、选择最佳答案填空。
Exercise
1.Make some jam if you want to, but don’t ____________ in the kitchen.
2. The map of the sea mount is very old. Scientists made it ____________.
3. Look! An apple is ____________ the branch. You can pick it easily.
4. Smoking too much can _______ lung cancer.
5. His statement _________ the thing itself, not the person.
at the tip of, lead to, make a mess, in the 1930s, refer to
make a mess
in the 1930s
at the tip of
lead to
refers to
二、根据句意，从方框中选择恰当的短语填空，注意其形式。
Exercise
Homework
1.Review key words and phrases.
2.Write a short article about the invention. Use the outline and the example
below to help you.
谢谢
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