人教版（2019）必修1 Unit 4 NATURAL DISASTERS Section B 同步课件 共94页PPT
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| 名称 | 人教版（2019）必修1 Unit 4 NATURAL DISASTERS Section B 同步课件 共94页PPT |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2022-10-28 16:51:52 | ||
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(共94张PPT)
Unit 4 NARUTAL DISASTERS
Section B
新人教必修1 高一（上）
目 录
目录/Contents
01.
课文预习必读
02.
长难句分析
03.
教材预习梳理
04.
重难点全解
课 文 预 习 必 读
01.
课文预习必读
课 文 预 习 必 读
THE NIGHT THE EARTH DIDN'T SLEEP
【教材原文】Strange things were happening in the countryside of① northeastern Hebei. For several days,the water in the village wells rose and fell, rose and fell. There were deep cracks② that appeared in the well walls. At least③ one well had some smelly gas④ coming out of it. Chickens and even pigs were too nervous to⑤ eat, and dogs refused to go inside buildings. Mice ran out of⑥ the fields looking for places to hide, and fish jumped out of the water. At about 3:00 a. m., on 28 July 1976, bright lights were seen in the sky outside the city of Tangshan and loud noises were heard. But the city's one million people were asleep as usual⑦ that night.
课 文 预 习 必 读
THE NIGHT THE EARTH DIDN'T SLEEP
【词汇注释】
① in the countryside of 在······的农村地区；
② crack／kr k／n.裂纹；裂缝 vi.＆vt.（使）破裂；
③ at（the）least至少 ＊at（the）most 至多，不超过；
④ gas／g s／n.气体；燃气； 汽油；
⑤ too...to...太······而不；
⑥ run out of 从······跑出来＊run out of 还有“用光”的意思。
⑦ as usual 像往常一样＊than usual 比往常······
课 文 预 习 必 读
THE NIGHT THE EARTH DIDN'T SLEEP
【汉语译文】地球的不眠之夜
河北省东北部的农村地区怪事连连。一连几天，村里的井水升升降降，起起伏伏，井壁上出现了深深的裂缝（crack），至少有一口水井冒出臭气（gas）。鸡甚至猪都焦躁不安，不愿进食；狗拒绝进入屋内。老鼠跑到田外，寻找藏身之所；鱼儿也跳出水面。1976年7月28日凌晨3：00左右，唐山城外的天空中出现了耀眼亮光，接着又传出巨大的声响。然而，那天晚上城里的百万居民仍像往常一样沉睡在梦乡。
课 文 预 习 必 读
THE NIGHT THE EARTH DIDN'T SLEEP
【教材原文】At 3: 42 a. m., everything began to shake.It seemed as if⑧ the world were coming to an end⑨！Eleven kilometres directly below the city, one of the most deadly⑩ earthquakes of the 20th century had begun, a quake that even caused damage more than 150 kilometres away in Beijing. Nearly one third of the whole nation felt it! A huge crack, eight kilometres long and 30 metres wide, cut across houses,roads, and waterways . Hard hills of rock became rivers of dirt. In less than one minute, a large city lay in ruins . Two thirds of the people who lived there were dead or injured. Thousands of children were left without parents. The number of people who were killed or badly injured in the quake was more than 400, 000.
课 文 预 习 必 读
THE NIGHT THE EARTH DIDN'T SLEEP
【词汇注释】
⑧ as if似乎；好像；仿佛；⑨ come to an end 结束；⑩ deadly adj. 致命的；死一般的；
cause damage 造成损失／损害；*cause/do damage to 对······造成损害；
cut across 横切；抄近路穿过； waterway n.水路；航道；
less than少于；＊more than 多于；不仅仅是；非常；
in ruins 严重受损；破败不堪；＊ruin／＇ru：m／n.＆vt.破坏；毁坏
thousands of 成千上万的；*hundreds of thousands of 数十万的
be left without 失去……； the number of...······的数量；
badly adv. 严重地；非常；极度地
课 文 预 习 必 读
THE NIGHT THE EARTH DIDN'T SLEEP
【汉语译文】地球的不眠之夜
凌晨3：42，万物开始摇晃，仿佛（as if）世界末日即将来临！在城市正下方的11千米处，20世纪伤亡最严重之一的一场地震爆发了，远在150多千米以外的北京都受到了这场地震的破坏，全国几乎三分之一的地区均有震感！一条8千米长、30米宽的巨大裂缝横切房屋、道路和水路。坚硬的石山变成了泥沙河。在不到一分钟的时间里，一座大城市沦为废墟（in ruins）。城里三分之二的居民在地震中死亡或受伤，数以千计的孩子失去了父母。在此次地震中丧生或身受重伤的人数超过了40万。
课 文 预 习 必 读
THE NIGHT THE EARTH DIDN'T SLEEP
【教材原文】Everywhere survivors looked",there was nothing but ruins. Nearly everything in the city was destroyed. About75 percent of the city's factories and buildings,90 percent of its homes, and all of its hospitals were gone . Bricks covered the ground like red autumn leaves, but nowind could blow them away . Most bridges had fallen or were not safe to cross. The railway tracks were now useless pieces of metal . Tens of thousands of cows, hundreds of thousands of pigs, and millions of chickens were dead. Sand now filled the wells instead of water. People were in shock -and then, later that afternoon, another big quake shook Tangshan again. Even more buildings fell down. Water, food,and electricity were hard to get. People began to wonder how long the disaster would last.
课 文 预 习 必 读
THE NIGHT THE EARTH DIDN'T SLEEP
【词汇注释】
survivor n. 幸存者；生还者； nothing but 只有，只， 仅仅；
percent /p 'sent/ n. 每一百中； gone adj.不复存在的；一去不复返的；
brick／brik／n.砖；砖块； blow…away 把······刮走／吹走；
track n．轨道；跑道；＊keep track of 了解······； 与······保持联系
metal／＇metl／n．金属；
in shock 震惊；吃惊；＊shock／fDk／n.震惊；令人震惊的事；休克vt.（使）震惊
electricity/I,lek'tris ti/ n. 电；电能
课 文 预 习 必 读
THE NIGHT THE EARTH DIDN'T SLEEP
【汉语译文】地球的不眠之夜
幸存者目及之处无一不是废墟，万物尽毁。市内大约75％（percent）的工厂和大楼、90％的住房和所有的医院都倒塌了。砖块（brick）就像秋天的红叶覆盖着地面，但是却没有风能将其吹走。大多数桥梁不是坍塌了，就是无法安全通行了；铁轨变成了废金属（metal）块；数万头奶牛、数十万头猪和数百万只鸡也都死掉了。沙子灌满水井，井水消失殆尽。人们惊恐万状（imshock），然而临近傍晚时分，又一次强烈的地震撼动唐山。更多的楼房倒塌了，没有水和食物，电（electricity）也停了。人们心里开始疑惑这场灾难还会持续多久。
课 文 预 习 必 读
THE NIGHT THE EARTH DIDN'T SLEEP
【教材原文】But hope was not lost. Soon after the quakes, the army sent 150, 000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead . More than 10,000 doctors and nurses came to provide medical care . Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed. " Hundreds of thousands of people were helped. Water and food were brought into the city by train, truck, and plane. Slowly, the city began to breathe again.
课 文 预 习 必 读
THE NIGHT THE EARTH DIDN'T SLEEP
【词汇注释】
dig out 挖出；
trap／tr p／vt．使落入险境；使陷入圈套n.险境；陷阱；
bury／＇beri／vt．埋葬；安葬；
the dead 死者；逝者（“the＋adj.”可表示一类人）
medical care 医疗护理
breathe/bri: / vi.& vt. 呼吸
课 文 预 习 必 读
THE NIGHT THE EARTH DIDN'T SLEEP
【汉语译文】地球的不眠之夜
然而，希望尚存。地震发生后不久，部队派出了15万名士兵奔赴唐山，将受困（trap）群众从废墟中抢救出来，并掩埋（bury）了死者。上万名医疗工作者赶到现场，救死扶伤。工人们为那些家园被毁的幸存者盖起了避难所，数十万的群众获得了帮助，火车、卡车和飞机给城市运来了食物和饮用水。慢慢地，这座城市又开始恢复了生机（breathe呼吸）。
课 文 预 习 必 读
THE NIGHT THE EARTH DIDN'T SLEEP
【教材原文】Tangshan started to revive itself and get back up on its feet . With strong support from the government and the tireless efforts ofthe city's people, a new Tangshan was built upon the earthquake ruins. The new city has become a home to more than seven million people, with great improvements in transportation, industry, and environment. Tangshan city has proved to China and the rest of the world that in times of disaster, people must unify and show the wisdom to stay positive and rebuild for a brighter future.
课 文 预 习 必 读
THE NIGHT THE EARTH DIDN'T SLEEP
【词汇注释】
revive /ri'vaiv/ vt. & vi. 复活；（使）苏醒；
on one＇s feet 恢复；站立着；
support n.支持；
effort／＇ef t／n.努力；艰难的尝试；尽力
in times of在······时期
unify /'ju:n fai/ vi. & vt. 统一；（使）成一体
wisdom ／＇w zd m／n．智慧；才智
stay positive 保持乐观
课 文 预 习 必 读
THE NIGHT THE EARTH DIDN'T SLEEP
【汉语译文】地球的不眠之夜
唐山重新站起来并获得了新生（revive）。有了来自政府的大力支持以及唐山人民的不懈努力（effort），一座新的唐山在废墟中被建立起来。这座新的城市已经成为700多万人的家园，交通、工业和环境都得到了巨大的改善。唐山向中国、向世界证明，在自然灾害中，人类必须勠力同心（unify统一，wisdom智慧），保持积极乐观的心态和重建家园的决心。
长 难 句 分 析
02.
长难句分析
长 难 句 分 析
1. the night the earth didn't sleep
＊这是课文的标题，意为“地球的不眠之夜”。其中 the earth didn＇t sleep是定语从句，修饰 the night。
＊当先行词是the day（拓展出 the month，the year，the night..），the place，the reason时，定语从句可分别由关系副词when，where，why引导。此时还可由that引导，that在这里可视为关系副词来代替以上关系副词，that还可省略。本句就是省略关系副词that的情况
长 难 句 分 析
2. There were deep cracks that appeared in the well walls.
＊that引导定语从句，对先行词cracks加以修饰和限制，that在定语从句中作主语。
长 难 句 分 析
3. Mice ran out of the fields looking for places to hide...
＊looking for...是现在分词短语作状语，表示伴随。
长 难 句 分 析
4. It seemed as if the world were coming to an end!
＊句式It seemed as if...的意思是“看起来好像··...”，as if引导表语从句，该从句用了虚拟语气（be动词用were）。as if引导表语从句或方式状语从句，从句常用虚拟语气，表示所述的情况与事实不符。
长 难 句 分 析
5...one of the most deadly earthquakes of the 20th century had begun, a quake that even caused damage more than 150 kilometres away in Beijing.
＊that even caused damage...是that引导的定语从句，对先行词a quake加以修饰和限制。句中的a quake是 one of the mostdeadly earthquakes of the 20th century的同位语。
长 难 句 分 析
6. Two thirds of the people who lived there were dead or injured.
＊who lived there是who引导的定语从句，对two thirds of the people 进行修饰和限制，who在定语从句中作主语。
长 难 句 分 析
7. The number of people who were killed or badly injured in the quake was more than 400,000.
＊who were killed or badly injured in the quake 是who 引导的定语从句，修饰和限制先行词people，who在定语从句中作主语。＊“the number of＋名词复数”作主语，谓语动词用单数形式（was）。
长 难 句 分 析
8. Everywhere survivors looked, there was nothing but ruins.
＊everywhere引导地点状语从句，这里表示“幸存者目及之处；幸存者看到的每个地方”。
长 难 句 分 析
9. Soon after the quakes, the army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.
＊who were trapped是who引导的定语从句，修饰those。and连接两个并列的不定式短语 to dig out...和 to burythe dead，均作 sent...to Tangshan的目的状语。
＊先行词是those时，定语从句常用who引导，不用that引导。
长 难 句 分 析
10. Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.
＊whose引导定语从句，对先行词 survivors加以修饰和限制。whose在定语从句中作homes的定语。
教 材 预 习 梳 理
03.
教材预习梳理
教 材 预 习 梳 理
词块梳理与背诵
（英汉互译）
① be damaged in an earthquake____;
② be unsafe on drink _____；
③ get serverely injured_____;
④ at least(=at the least) _____;
⑤ some smelly gas coming out of a well _______;
⑥ _____ 紧张得吃不下饭（too...to);
⑦ _____ 拒绝做某事;
⑧ _____ 像往常一样；照例;
⑨ _____ 似乎；好像；仿佛;
⑩ _____ 结束;
the most deadly earthquakes of the 20th century_____;
one third of_____;
eight kilometres long and 30 metres wide（数词＋ 单位名词＋long／wide／tall／deep） _____;
cut across _____;
lie in ruins_____ ;
教 材 预 习 梳 理
词块梳理与背诵
（英汉互译）
_____ 三分之二的; _____···的数量;
_____在地震中丧生或身受重伤; _____ 只有；只；仅仅;
_____75％的;
blow the bricks away _____ ;
useless pieces of metal _____
(be)in shock __
wonder how long the disaster will last_____;
dig out the trapped（“the＋过去分词＂表示一类人） _____ ;
_____ 掩埋死者（“the＋形容词”表示一类人）;
_____为幸存者建造避难所;
_____城市又开始恢复了生机
____开始自我复苏
_____ 重新站起来;
with strong support from the government ____;
with the tireless efforts of the people ____
built upon/on the earthquake ruins _____;
a home to ____;
prove to sb. that... ___;
教 材 预 习 梳 理
词块梳理与背诵
（英汉互译）
_____ 在灾难时刻;
_____ 保持积极的心态（态度）;
_____ 为了更美好的未来;
_____ 使用上下文理解生词;
_____ 在词典中查单词;
leave nearly the whole city in ruins（leave＋宾语＋ 宾补）_____；
suffer from terrible injuries_____； in the revival of_____；
go through similar changes_____ learn lessons from
教 材 预 习 梳 理
词块梳理与背诵
（英汉互译）
①在地震中受损;
②喝着不安全;
③严重受伤;
④至少;
【答案】
⑤一些从井里冒出来的臭气
⑥ too nervous to eat
⑦ refuse to do sth.
⑧as usual
【答案】
【答案】
⑨ as if
⑩ come to an end 20世纪伤亡最严重的地震
教 材 预 习 梳 理
词块梳理与背诵
（英汉互译）
【答案】
三分之一的;
8千米长，30米宽;
横切；抄近路通过;
沦为废墟;
two thirds of;
the number of;
be killed or badlyinjured in the quake;
nothing but
75 percent of
【答案】
把砖块吹走；
废金属块；
震惊；吃惊；
想知道这场灾难会持续多久；
挖出被困者；
bury the dead；
build shelters for survivors；
the city began to breathe again；
start to revive itself；
get back up on its feet;
教 材 预 习 梳 理
词块梳理与背诵
（英汉互译）
【答案】
有了来自政府的大力支持 ；
有了人民的不懈努力；
建在地震废墟上；
····的家园；
向某人证明……;
in times of disaster;
stay positive;
for a brighter future;
【答案】
use context to understand new words;
look the word up in a dictionary 几乎使整个城市成为废墟;
遭受重伤;
在…的复苏中；
经历类似的变化；
从·····中得到教训；
教 材 预 习 梳 理
构词法梳理与背诵
【转化法构词】
① _____ n.裂纹；裂缝→vi.＆vt.（使）破裂
② _____ n.破坏；毁坏（in ruins 严重受损；破败不堪）→vt.破坏；毁坏；
③ _____ n.砖；砖块→vt.用砖砌;
④ _____ n.震惊；令人震惊的事；休克（inshock震惊；吃惊）→vt.（使）震惊;
⑤ _____ vt.使落入险境；使陷入圈套→n.险境；陷阱
教 材 预 习 梳 理
构词法梳理与背诵
【派生法构词】
⑩wise adj.明智的；聪明的；博学的→_____ n.智慧；才智
suffer vt.遭受；蒙受vi.（因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等）受苦→_____ n.患病者；受害者；受苦者；受难者→_____n.疼痛；痛苦；折磨；苦难
【派生法构词】
⑥ electricadj.电的；电动的；发电的；导电的→ _____ n.电；电能;
⑦ breath n.呼吸，气息；一口气→____ vi.&vt.呼吸
⑧revive vt.＆vi.复活；（使）苏醒→_____ n.振兴；复苏
⑨ effort n.努力；艰难的尝试；尽力→ _____ adj.不需费力的；容易的→_____ adv.不需费力地；容易地
教 材 预 习 梳 理
构词法梳理与背诵
①crack ②ruin ③brick ④shock
【答案】
⑤trap
⑥electricity ⑦breathe ⑧revival
【答案】
【答案】
⑨ effortless,
effortlessly ⑩wisdom sufferer,suffering
教 材 预 习 梳 理
课文原创题自测
（课文阅读理解）
①The title “The night the carth didn't sleep" means _____.
A.the earth was awake all night long
B.the earth shook like crazy that night
C.animals on the earth would not sleep that night
D.people on the earth couldn't fall asleep that night
② How did the author write the details of the damage
A.In time order.
B.In space order.
C.By examples with data.
D.By making contrasts（对比）.
教 材 预 习 梳 理
课文原创题自测
（课文阅读理解）
③ What does the last sentence “Slowly, the city began to breathe again.”in the last but one paragraph mean
A.The trees turned green.
B.The animals began to breathe.
C.The city returned to normal gradually.
D. People who were trapped came to life.
④According to the last paragraph， in which aspect（方面）has Tangshan improved itself？
A.Industry.
B.Environment.
C.Transportation.
D.All of the above.
教 材 预 习 梳 理
课文原创题自测
（课文语法填空）
Many strange things had happened before Tangshan earthquake happened. The well walls had deep cracks. Some smelly gas came out ⑤_____ wells. Chickens and even pigs were too nervous to eat. At 3:42 on ⑥_____ morning of July 28,1976, everything began to shake. It seemed as if the world ⑦_____ ( come ) to an end. Hard hills of rock became rivers of dirt. In less than one minute,the whole city lay in ⑧ ____(ruin). Two thirds of the peopledied or were injured. Nearly everything in the city was destroyed.
People ⑨_____ (shock)at this and wondered how long the disaster would last.The army organised teams to dig out those ⑩_____ were trapped and to bury the dead. Workers built shelters for _____(survive). Fresh water and food were taken to the city. Slowly,the city began _____(breathe) again. With strong support from the government and the tireless efforts of the city's people, a new Tangshan was built upon the earthquake ruins. It _____ (prove)that in times of disaster, people must unify and show the _____(wise)to stay positive and rebuild for a brighter future.
教 材 预 习 梳 理
课文原创题自测
【课文阅读理解答案】
1. B；2. C；3. C；4.D
【课文语法填空答案】
⑤ of；⑥ the；⑦ were coming
⑧ruins；⑨were shocked；
⑩ who； survivors；
to breathe proves/has proved ； wisdom
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04.
重难点全解
重 难 点 全 解
1. Chickens and even pigs were too nervous to eat.. 鸡甚至猪都焦躁不安，不愿进食.....
too…to… 太······而不能······（表示否定意义）
eg：He is too stubborn to go on a journey with us. 他太固执了，不愿和我们一起去旅行。
eg：I hate it when she calls me at work-I'm always too busy to carry on a conversation with her.
我讨厌她在工作时给我打电话-我总是太忙了，没时间和她交谈。
【说明】
学习 too...to...结构，从道理上理解才是关键。我们知道 too 表示“超过极限”，例如“问题太难，水太热”等，当事物超过了承受的极限，那就“做不到”了，所以不定式自然表示否定意义。这是因为，too后面的词语和不定式动作之间的关系是相悖的、矛盾的。如果too后面的词语和不定式动作之间的关系是相向的，即便加了too也“不超限”，而是加深了形容词的程度（too意为“十分，非常”），这时不定式没有否定含义。请比较：
This question is too difficult to answer.
这个问题太难了，无法回答。
The girl is too pleased to help others.
这个女孩十分乐意帮助别人。
重 难 点 全 解
1. Chickens and even pigs were too nervous to eat.. 鸡甚至猪都焦躁不安，不愿进食.....
【词块背诵】
（1）too anxious （eager， glad，pleased，thankful，willing，delighted）to do 表示肯定意义
（2）not／never too…to表示肯定意义；
（3）can not／never…enough／too much，can not／never…too…
无论怎样······也不过分，越······越好
【词块背诵】
eg：I＇m only too delighted to accept your invitation.我非常高兴接受你的邀请。
eg：-Must I turn off the gas after cooking？
做饭后我必须关掉煤气吗？
-Of course. You can never be too careful with that. 当然。对于煤气你越小心越好。
重 难 点 全 解
【完成句子】
① He is __________（太虚弱了而站不起来）becauseof fever.
【完成句子】
② She is __________（急于离开）.
【完成句子】
③ The students are __________（急于知道）the resultsof the exam.
1. Chickens and even pigs were too nervous to eat.. 鸡甚至猪都焦躁不安，不愿进食.....
重 难 点 全 解
【完成句子】
④ It's __________（活到老，学到老）.
⑤ The question is __________（不难回答）.
【完成句子】
⑥ I __________（对你真是感激不尽）for all your helpto my son while we were away from home.
【完成句子】
⑦ You __________（越小心越好）when crossing the road.
1. Chickens and even pigs were too nervous to eat.. 鸡甚至猪都焦躁不安，不愿进食.....
重 难 点 全 解
【答案】
① too weak to stand；② too anxiousto leave；
③ too anxious to know；④ never too old to leam；
⑤ not too difficult to answer；
⑥couldn't thank you too much/ couldn't thank you enough；
⑦ can't be too careful；
1. Chickens and even pigs were too nervous to eat.. 鸡甚至猪都焦躁不安，不愿进食.....
重 难 点 全 解
2. It seemed as if the world were coming to an end!仿佛世界末日即将来临！
as if/as though 似乎；好像；仿佛（用来引导表语从句和方式状语从句）
（1）引导表语从句（sound／look／seem／feel．．．＋as if表语从句）
eg：What's the noise It sounds as if it comes from upstairs.
什么声音？听起来好像是从楼上传来的。
eg：We've missed the bus. It looks as if we'll have to walk.
我们错过了公共汽车，看来我们得步行了。
（2）引导方式状语从句
eg：They treat me as if I were a stranger. 他们待我如陌生人。
eg：They completely ignore these facts as if they never existed.
他们完全忽略了这些事实，就仿佛它们不存在似的。
重 难 点 全 解
2. It seemed as if the world were coming to an end!仿佛世界末日即将来临！
【说明】
（1）as if引导的从句所表示的内容若为事实或可能为事实，应使用陈述语气；若与事实不符或相反，应使用虚拟语气，此时as if从句的谓语构成如下：
与现在事实不符：一般过去时（be动词用were）；与过去事实不符：过去完成时（had＋过去分词）；与将来事实不符：would／could／might／should＋动词原形。
eg：He looks at me as if I were mad. 他看着我仿佛我疯了似的。
eg：He was in great trouble, but he behaved as if nothing had happened.
他遇到了很大的麻烦，但他表现得若无其事。
eg：She is in a talktive mood as if she would get 1 billion tomorrow.
她滔滔不绝，话兴正浓，就好像明天能得到10个亿似的。
重 难 点 全 解
2. It seemed as if the world were coming to an end!仿佛世界末日即将来临！
【说明】
（2）as if引导的从句有时可用省略形式，这样就变成了“as if＋分词／不定式／形容词／介词短语”。省略原则同时间、条件、让步等状语从句的省略原则：当从句主语与主句主语一致或从句主语是it，从句谓语中又含有be动词时，从句中主语和be动词可省略。
eg：She stood at the door as if ( she was ) waiting for someone.
她站在门口，好像在等人。
重 难 点 全 解
【单句语法填空】
① He talks as if he _____ (know) everything in the world.
② Don't handle the vase as if it _____ (be) made of steel.
③ Eliza remembers everything exactly as if it _____ (happen) yesterday.
④ He described the characters in the novel as if he _____(meet) them face to face.
⑤ It was John who broke the window.Why are you talking to me as if I ____(do) it
2. It seemed as if the world were coming to an end!仿佛世界末日即将来临！
【翻译句子】
⑥ 他似乎并不在乎身边的一切。(seem as if) _____________________________.
⑦ 他看上去好像要哭出来了。(look as if) ________________________________.
⑧ 我在这里感觉格格不入。（feelas if) _________________________________.
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【答案】
① knew；② were；③ happened；④ had met；
⑤ had done；
⑥ It seemed as if he didn't care about everything around him.
⑦ He looked as if he was about to burst into tears.
⑧ I don't feel as ifI belong here.
2. It seemed as if the world were coming to an end!仿佛世界末日即将来临！
重 难 点 全 解
3. In less than one minute, a large city lay in ruins.
在不到一分钟的时间里，一座大城市沦为废墟。
ruin（1）n．［U］破坏；破产；［C］［pl．］废墟，残垣断壁
【搭配】go to ruin/fall into ruin 衰落，败落；in ruins 严重受损，破败不堪；
reduce sth. to ruins 把某物夷为废墟；financial ruin 破产；the ruins of … ……的遗迹
eg：A large number of churches fell into ruin after the revolution.
革命过后，许多教堂都毁了。
eg：Years of fighting have left the area in ruins.
多年的战事已使得这个地区破败不堪。
eg：He was determined to build a new life out of the ruins of his career.
他决心从事业失败中爬起来，重新开始新的生活。
重 难 点 全 解
3. In less than one minute, a large city lay in ruins.
在不到一分钟的时间里，一座大城市沦为废墟。
ruin（2）vt．毁坏，破坏，糟蹋；使破产（或丢失地位等）
eg：My new shoes got ruined in the mud.我的新鞋被泥浆给糟蹋了。
eg：The country was ruined by the war.这个国家因战争而遭到破坏。
eg：That mistake ruined his chances of getting the job.
那个错误断送了他得到那份工作的机会。
重 难 点 全 解
3. In less than one minute, a large city lay in ruins.
在不到一分钟的时间里，一座大城市沦为废墟。
【词块背诵】ruin oneself 毁了自己；ruin the reputation 破坏声誉；
ruin one＇s hope／health 毁掉某人的希望／健康；ruin one＇s appetite 破坏某人的食欲
ruin one＇s life 毁掉某人的生活；ruin one＇s journey 破坏某人的旅行；
ruin one＇s career 毁掉某人的事业；
【说明】
单复数意义不同的常考词归纳：
ruin 毁坏→ruins 废墟
damage 损坏；损失→damages（法院判定的）损害赔偿金
force 力量→forces军队，兵力 spirit 精神→spirits 情绪，心情
instruction 指导→instructions 说明（书）
重 难 点 全 解
【单句语法填空】
① Shortly after suffering from a massive earthquake and being reduced to ___ (ruin), the city took on a new look.
【单句语法填空】
③ We visited the _____(ruin) of the Summer Palace last winter. It_____(ruin)by foreign invaders（侵略者）.
【单句语法填空】
② She went through a period of emotional adjustment（调整）after her company fell _____ ruin and she finally decided to find a new job.
【单句语法填空】
④The whole town ___ (ruin ) by the heavy storm last night. The army sent 10,000 soldiers to help rescue the trapped people.
3. In less than one minute, a large city lay in ruins.
在不到一分钟的时间里，一座大城市沦为废墟。
重 难 点 全 解
【单句语法填空】
⑤ Many village comm-unities feel their countryside _____ (ruin) by the power-producing machines of wind farms.
【完成句子】
⑥ Carl cares about nothing and has let the farm __________________（败落）.
【完成句子】
⑦ Ever since the earthquake,this place has been _____________-（一片废墟）.
【答案】
① ruins；② into；③ ruins; was ruined ④ was ruined；
⑤ is being ruined；
⑥ go to ruin/fall into ruin；
⑦ in ruins
3. In less than one minute, a large city lay in ruins.
在不到一分钟的时间里，一座大城市沦为废墟。
重 难 点 全 解
4. People were in shock... 人们惊恐万状······
in shock（＝in a state of shock）震惊；吃惊；处于休克状态
eg：I am in shock. I still can't believe it's true.
我非常震惊，我仍然不能相信这是真的。
eg：He＇s still in a state of shock.他至今还惊魂未定。
eg：He isn't seriously injured but he is in shock.
他伤得不重，但处于休克状态。
重 难 点 全 解
4. People were in shock... 人们惊恐万状······
shock（1）n．震惊；令人震惊的事；休克
【搭配】give sb.a shock 使某人震惊搭配
a great shock to sb.对某人来说是个极大的震撼（抽象名词具体化）
eg：The news gave us a shock. 这消息使我们感到震惊。
eg：She was taken to hospital suffering from shock.
她因休克被送到医院。
重 难 点 全 解
4. People were in shock... 人们惊恐万状······
shock（2）vt．（使）震惊；（使）惊愕
【搭配】It shocks sb. to do sth.做某事让某人感到震惊。
It shocks sb.that...······让某人感到震惊。
It shocks sb.to see／hear...看到／听到······使某人震惊。
be shocked at／by对······感到震惊／被······震惊到
be shocked that...对······感到震惊
eg：The news shocked the public, leading to great concern about the students＇safety at school.
这一消息震惊了公众，引起了人们对学生在校安全的极大关注。
eg：I was shocked to hear that he had resigned. 听到他辞职的消息，我深感意外。
重 难 点 全 解
4. People were in shock... 人们惊恐万状······
shock（2）vt．（使）震惊；（使）惊愕
eg：We were all shocked at the news of his death.
听到他的死讯，我们都感到震惊。
eg：Neighbours were shocked that such an attack could happen in their area.
竟有这样的暴力行为发生在他们的地区，邻居们大为惊骇。
【词块背诵】（1）electric shock 触电；电休克
emotional／culture shock情感上的打击／文化冲击
（2）shocked adj．震惊的a shocked look／expression／voice 震惊的表情／声音
（3）shocking adj．使人震惊的；骇人的；shocking behaviour 骇人听闻的行为 shocking news令人震惊的消息；
eg：It is shocking that they involved children in the fight.
令人震惊的是，他们教唆儿童参与打架。
重 难 点 全 解
【单句语法填空】
① I looked at my husband _____ shock, waiting for him to te11 me that I had misunderstood everything.
② The news of his death came as _____ great shock to everyone.
③ We were shocked _____ the remains of the ancient Rome.
【单句语法填空】
④ She was so_____ (shock) that she could hardly bring out a word.
⑤ I was greeted by a _____ (shock) sight.
⑥This is___ news.It has ___ everyone,and everyone is___ at the news. (shock)
4. People were in shock... 人们惊恐万状······
重 难 点 全 解
【单句语法填空】
⑦ People were ___ to see that the little girl was often beaten by her stepmother. The ___ news ___ all the peo-ple around, which was also a ___ to her father who was working abroad.(shock)
【一句多译】
⑧听到这家医院就要关闭，我感到很震惊。
________________________________the hospital was closing down.
=_____________________________
the hospital was closing down.
=______________________________
the hospital was closing down.
4. People were in shock... 人们惊恐万状······
重 难 点 全 解
【答案】
① in；②a；③at／by；④ shocked；
⑤ shocking；
⑥ shock-ing,shocked,shocked；
⑦ shocked,shocking,shocked,shock；
⑧ I was shocked to hear that ;It shocked me to hear that;It shocked me that
4. People were in shock... 人们惊恐万状······
重 难 点 全 解
5...the army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead．·····部队派出了15万名士兵奔赴唐山，将受困群众从废墟中抢救出来，并掩埋了死者。
trap （1）vt．（trapped-trapped-trapping）使落入险境；使陷入圈套
【搭配】be trapped in困在······中；陷入······中；
be trapped by被······困住
trap sb. into doing sth.
诱骗某人做某事
eg：He was trapped in an unhappy marriage.
他陷入不幸的婚姻之中。
eg：I feel trapped in my job.
我觉得被工作缠住了。
eg：We became trapped by the rising floodwater. 我们被上涨的洪水困住了。
eg：He felt he had been trapped into accepting the terms of the contract.
他觉得自己是中了圈套才接受这合同条款的。
重 难 点 全 解
5...the army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead．·····部队派出了15万名士兵奔赴唐山，将受困群众从废墟中抢救出来，并掩埋了死者。
trap （2）n．（捕捉动物的）陷阱；圈套；（难以逃脱的）困境
【搭配】fall into the trap of （ doing）sth.掉进（做）某事的陷阱；
avoid the trap of（doing）sth.避免掉进（做）某事的陷阱；
lay／set a trap（for sb.）（给某人）设下圈套；
fall／walk into a trap 落入圈套
eg：Parents often fall into the trap of trying to do everything for their children.
家长经常陷入极力为子女操办一切的误区。
eg：Some people were caught in the unemployment trap. 有些人陷入失业的困境。
重 难 点 全 解
【单句语法填空】
① After the earthquake,many people _____ (trap) in the ruins. Fortunately,the soldiers soon came to their rescue.
② She was trapped into _____ (say) something she did not mean.
③ They were trapped _____ the mountain, waiting to be rescued.
【单句语法填空】
④ By clever questioning they trapped him into _____ (tell) the truth.
⑤ At midnight they finally rescued the tourists _____(trap) in the valley.
⑥Think carefully before you answer his questions. You may be trapped _____ giving away import-ant information.
5...the army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead．·····部队派出了15万名士兵奔赴唐山，将受困群众从废墟中抢救出来，并掩埋了死者。
重 难 点 全 解
【答案】
① were trapped;
② saying;
③ in;
④ telling;
⑤ trapped;
⑥ into;
5...the army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead．·····部队派出了15万名士兵奔赴唐山，将受困群众从废墟中抢救出来，并掩埋了死者。
重 难 点 全 解
5...the army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead．·····部队派出了15万名士兵奔赴唐山，将受困群众从废墟中抢救出来，并掩埋了死者。
bury （1）vt．埋葬；安葬；埋藏；覆盖；遮盖
【搭配】bury...in...把······埋到·····里;
bury one＇s face／head in one＇s hands 双手掩面／双手抱头;
eg：Bury the old world and build a new one.
埋葬旧世界，建设新世界。
eg：Your letter got buried under a pile of papers. 你的信被压在一堆文件底下。
eg：The thunder was so loud that he buried his head in his hands and rubbed his eyes.
雷声太大了，他用双手护着头，并揉了揉眼睛。
重 难 点 全 解
5...the army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead．·····部队派出了15万名士兵奔赴唐山，将受困群众从废墟中抢救出来，并掩埋了死者。
bury （2）vt．使陷入；掩藏（感情、错误等）
【搭配】bury one＇s feelings 隐藏感情，感情不外露；
bury oneself in ＝ be buried in 埋头于，专心于
eg：She has learnt to bury her feelings.
她已经学会了感情不外露。
eg：She buried herself in the country to write a book. 她隐居乡村写书。
eg：She always has her head buried in a book.
她总是埋头读书。
eg：He was buried in thought.他在沉思。
重 难 点 全 解
5...the army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead．·····部队派出了15万名士兵奔赴唐山，将受困群众从废墟中抢救出来，并掩埋了死者。
【单句语法填空】
①He buried his face _____ his hands and burst into tears.
② Ever since he moved there, he _____ (bury) in his research work.
【完成句子】
③ 那位科学家埋头于研究，对此事一无所知。
_______________________________________
the scientist knew nothing about the matter.
④ 他双手掩面而泣。
_______________________________________
and wept.
重 难 点 全 解
5...the army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead．·····部队派出了15万名士兵奔赴唐山，将受困群众从废墟中抢救出来，并掩埋了死者。
【答案】
① in；② has been buried；
③ Burying himself in his study/ Buried in his study ④ He buried his face in his hands
重 难 点 全 解
6.Slowly,the city began to breathe again.
慢慢地，这座城市又开始恢复了生机。
breathe vi.＆vt.呼吸
eg：If you exercise out of doors, your body will learn to breathe more deeply.
如果你在户外锻炼，你的身体将会学会更深地呼吸。
eg：We all breathed a sigh of relief when it was over.
事情过去后，我们大家都松了一口气。。
重 难 点 全 解
6.Slowly,the city began to breathe again.
慢慢地，这座城市又开始恢复了生机。
breathe vi.＆vt.呼吸
【词块背诵】breathe in 吸气 ；breathe out 呼气；
breathe（new）life into（给某事物）带来起色，注入活力；
breathe deeply 深呼吸；breathe regularly 均匀呼吸；
breathe hard呼吸困难；
breathe（freely／easily）again 平静下来；松一口气；
breathe a sigh of relief 舒一口气
重 难 点 全 解
6.Slowly,the city began to breathe again.
慢慢地，这座城市又开始恢复了生机。
【单句语法填空】
①I like getting up very early in summer. The morning air is so good _____(breathe).
② The doctor told me to breathe _____ deeply and then breathe _____ slowly.
③ You can often save a person's life by breathing _____ his mouth.
【完成句子】
④He _____（深吸一口气）before speaking again.
重 难 点 全 解
6.Slowly,the city began to breathe again.
慢慢地，这座城市又开始恢复了生机。
【答案】
① to breathe；② in，out；③ into；④ breathed deeply
重 难 点 全 解
6.Slowly,the city began to breathe again.
慢慢地，这座城市又开始恢复了生机。
breath n.呼吸
eg：We were out of breath after only five minutes.
我们五分钟后便气喘吁吁了。
eg：He held his breath while the results were read out.
宣读结果时，他屏住了呼吸。
重 难 点 全 解
6.Slowly,the city began to breathe again.
慢慢地，这座城市又开始恢复了生机。
breath n.呼吸
【词块背诵】hold one＇s breath 屏住呼吸；
out of breath 气喘吁吁，上气不接下气；
lose one＇s breath 喘不上气来；take a deep breath 深吸一口气
take one＇s breath away 令人惊叹；让人叹绝
（＝to be very surprising or beautiful）
【说明】lose one’s breath 与out of beath 虽然含义相同，但是lose one’s breath 表示动作，be out of breath表示状态。
重 难 点 全 解
6.Slowly,the city began to breathe again.
慢慢地，这座城市又开始恢复了生机。
【完成句子】
① Daniel _____（深吸一口气）and dived into the water.
② Fred entered without knocking and, _____（上气不接下气），sank into achair.
③ My first view of the island from the air _____ (令我惊叹).
重 难 点 全 解
6.Slowly,the city began to breathe again.
慢慢地，这座城市又开始恢复了生机。
【答案】
① took a deep breath；② out of breath；
③ took my breath away
重 难 点 全 解
7. With strong support from the government and the tireless efforts of the city＇s people..有了来自政府的大力支持以及唐山人民的不懈努力....
effort n.努力；艰难的尝试；尽力（→effortless adj.不费力气的；应付自如的）
eg：You should make an effort to improve your reading comprehension.
你应该努力提高你的阅读理解能力。
eg：You should put more effort into your work.你应该更加努力地工作。
eg：Everyone in my class spares no effort on their study,preparing for the College Entrance Examination.
我们班的每个人都不遗余力地学习，为高考做准备。
eg：Getting up this morning was quite an effort ( = it was difficult).
今天早上起床相当费力。
重 难 点 全 解
7. With strong support from the government and the tireless efforts of the city＇s people..有了来自政府的大力支持以及唐山人民的不懈努力....
effort n.努力；艰难的尝试；尽力（→effortless adj.不费力气的；应付自如的）
【词块背诵】make an/every effort ( to do sth. )；
make efforts (to do sth.)尽力（做某事）；努力（做某事）
It takes effort to do sth. 花费精力去做某事。
put effort into 对······付出努力；
spare no effort （to do sth.）不遗余力（做某事）
in an effort to do sth.努力做某事；with effort 努力地；
be worth the effort 值得努力；without effort毫不费力地
教 材 预 习 梳 理
【单句语法填空】
① Jack has madle an effort _____ (improve) his equipment.
② Now my dream is to open a cafe. Though it may appear simple,it requires a lot of ideas and _____ (effort).
③ You just walk along that path, and it will get you there _____ effort.
【完成句子】
④地方俱乐部正在尽一切努力来吸引更多的年轻人。
The local clubs _____ to interest more young people.
【翻译句子】
⑤准备一次展览要花费很多时间和精力。（It takes...to do...）
_________________________.
7. With strong support from the government and the tireless efforts of the city＇s people..有了来自政府的大力支持以及唐山人民的不懈努力....
教 材 预 习 梳 理
【答案】
① to improve；② efforts；③ without；
④ are making every effort
⑤ It takes a lot of time and effort to get an exhibition ready.
7. With strong support from the government and the tireless efforts of the city＇s people..有了来自政府的大力支持以及唐山人民的不懈努力....
重 难 点 全 解
8. ..though they were suffering from terrible injuries...
······尽管他们受了重伤······
suffer （1）vi．（因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等）受苦 sufferer n.受难者；患病者
eg：He made a rash decision and now he is suffering for it.
他当初草率决定，现在吃苦头了。
eg：Jackson is cheerful about his life even if he is suffering from cancer.
即使杰克逊身患癌症，他也对生活很乐观。
重 难 点 全 解
8. ..though they were suffering from terrible injuries...
······尽管他们受了重伤······
suffer （2）vt．遭受；蒙受
eg：The football team suffered a defeat.该足球队被击败了。
eg：My mother suffered all kinds of hardships throughout her life.
我母亲一生尝到了各种辛酸。
重 难 点 全 解
8. ..though they were suffering from terrible injuries...
······尽管他们受了重伤······
【词块背诵】
（1）suffer from因······而遭受损失（痛苦等）；
suffer from a bad back 背疼得厉害；suffer from ill health 身体不好；
suffer from a bad cold 患重感冒；suffer from the loss of memory 患失忆症
suffer from a headache／toothache 头疼／牙疼
suffer for 为····而吃苦头
suffer for one＇s foolishness 因某人的愚蠢而受苦
重 难 点 全 解
8. ..though they were suffering from terrible injuries...
······尽管他们受了重伤······
【词块背诵】
（2）suffer pain／hardships 经历痛苦／苦难
suffer losses／damage遭受损失／损害 suffer a defeat 遭受失败；
suffer punishment 遭受惩罚
suffer hunger／shame 挨饿／蒙羞
suffer shock／misfortune 遭受打击／不幸
重 难 点 全 解
【单句语法填空】
① She suffered_____a headache yesterday.
【单句语法填空】
【单句语法填空】
② I have suffered _____ a bad back recently.
③ Mary is suffering _____ ill health at the moment.
8. ..though they were suffering from terrible injuries...
······尽管他们受了重伤······
重 难 点 全 解
【单句语法填空】
④ A young English teacher saved the lives of 30 students when he took control of a bus after its driver _____ (suffer) a serious heart attack.
【单句语法填空】
【翻译句子】
⑤ A tough man can tolerate _____ (suffer).
⑥司机受到惊吓，但并未受伤。(suffer)
______________________.
8. ..though they were suffering from terrible injuries...
······尽管他们受了重伤······
重 难 点 全 解
【翻译句子】
⑦ 他患了一种怪病。（suffer from）
____________________________
【单句语法填空-答案】
【翻译句子-答案】
① from；② from；③from；
④ suffered；⑤ suffering
⑥ The driver suffered shock but was not hurt.
⑦ He is suffering from a strange disease.
8. ..though they were suffering from terrible injuries...
······尽管他们受了重伤······
谢谢
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Unit 4 NARUTAL DISASTERS
Section B
新人教必修1 高一（上）
目 录
目录/Contents
01.
课文预习必读
02.
长难句分析
03.
教材预习梳理
04.
重难点全解
课 文 预 习 必 读
01.
课文预习必读
课 文 预 习 必 读
THE NIGHT THE EARTH DIDN'T SLEEP
【教材原文】Strange things were happening in the countryside of① northeastern Hebei. For several days,the water in the village wells rose and fell, rose and fell. There were deep cracks② that appeared in the well walls. At least③ one well had some smelly gas④ coming out of it. Chickens and even pigs were too nervous to⑤ eat, and dogs refused to go inside buildings. Mice ran out of⑥ the fields looking for places to hide, and fish jumped out of the water. At about 3:00 a. m., on 28 July 1976, bright lights were seen in the sky outside the city of Tangshan and loud noises were heard. But the city's one million people were asleep as usual⑦ that night.
课 文 预 习 必 读
THE NIGHT THE EARTH DIDN'T SLEEP
【词汇注释】
① in the countryside of 在······的农村地区；
② crack／kr k／n.裂纹；裂缝 vi.＆vt.（使）破裂；
③ at（the）least至少 ＊at（the）most 至多，不超过；
④ gas／g s／n.气体；燃气； 汽油；
⑤ too...to...太······而不；
⑥ run out of 从······跑出来＊run out of 还有“用光”的意思。
⑦ as usual 像往常一样＊than usual 比往常······
课 文 预 习 必 读
THE NIGHT THE EARTH DIDN'T SLEEP
【汉语译文】地球的不眠之夜
河北省东北部的农村地区怪事连连。一连几天，村里的井水升升降降，起起伏伏，井壁上出现了深深的裂缝（crack），至少有一口水井冒出臭气（gas）。鸡甚至猪都焦躁不安，不愿进食；狗拒绝进入屋内。老鼠跑到田外，寻找藏身之所；鱼儿也跳出水面。1976年7月28日凌晨3：00左右，唐山城外的天空中出现了耀眼亮光，接着又传出巨大的声响。然而，那天晚上城里的百万居民仍像往常一样沉睡在梦乡。
课 文 预 习 必 读
THE NIGHT THE EARTH DIDN'T SLEEP
【教材原文】At 3: 42 a. m., everything began to shake.It seemed as if⑧ the world were coming to an end⑨！Eleven kilometres directly below the city, one of the most deadly⑩ earthquakes of the 20th century had begun, a quake that even caused damage more than 150 kilometres away in Beijing. Nearly one third of the whole nation felt it! A huge crack, eight kilometres long and 30 metres wide, cut across houses,roads, and waterways . Hard hills of rock became rivers of dirt. In less than one minute, a large city lay in ruins . Two thirds of the people who lived there were dead or injured. Thousands of children were left without parents. The number of people who were killed or badly injured in the quake was more than 400, 000.
课 文 预 习 必 读
THE NIGHT THE EARTH DIDN'T SLEEP
【词汇注释】
⑧ as if似乎；好像；仿佛；⑨ come to an end 结束；⑩ deadly adj. 致命的；死一般的；
cause damage 造成损失／损害；*cause/do damage to 对······造成损害；
cut across 横切；抄近路穿过； waterway n.水路；航道；
less than少于；＊more than 多于；不仅仅是；非常；
in ruins 严重受损；破败不堪；＊ruin／＇ru：m／n.＆vt.破坏；毁坏
thousands of 成千上万的；*hundreds of thousands of 数十万的
be left without 失去……； the number of...······的数量；
badly adv. 严重地；非常；极度地
课 文 预 习 必 读
THE NIGHT THE EARTH DIDN'T SLEEP
【汉语译文】地球的不眠之夜
凌晨3：42，万物开始摇晃，仿佛（as if）世界末日即将来临！在城市正下方的11千米处，20世纪伤亡最严重之一的一场地震爆发了，远在150多千米以外的北京都受到了这场地震的破坏，全国几乎三分之一的地区均有震感！一条8千米长、30米宽的巨大裂缝横切房屋、道路和水路。坚硬的石山变成了泥沙河。在不到一分钟的时间里，一座大城市沦为废墟（in ruins）。城里三分之二的居民在地震中死亡或受伤，数以千计的孩子失去了父母。在此次地震中丧生或身受重伤的人数超过了40万。
课 文 预 习 必 读
THE NIGHT THE EARTH DIDN'T SLEEP
【教材原文】Everywhere survivors looked",there was nothing but ruins. Nearly everything in the city was destroyed. About75 percent of the city's factories and buildings,90 percent of its homes, and all of its hospitals were gone . Bricks covered the ground like red autumn leaves, but nowind could blow them away . Most bridges had fallen or were not safe to cross. The railway tracks were now useless pieces of metal . Tens of thousands of cows, hundreds of thousands of pigs, and millions of chickens were dead. Sand now filled the wells instead of water. People were in shock -and then, later that afternoon, another big quake shook Tangshan again. Even more buildings fell down. Water, food,and electricity were hard to get. People began to wonder how long the disaster would last.
课 文 预 习 必 读
THE NIGHT THE EARTH DIDN'T SLEEP
【词汇注释】
survivor n. 幸存者；生还者； nothing but 只有，只， 仅仅；
percent /p 'sent/ n. 每一百中； gone adj.不复存在的；一去不复返的；
brick／brik／n.砖；砖块； blow…away 把······刮走／吹走；
track n．轨道；跑道；＊keep track of 了解······； 与······保持联系
metal／＇metl／n．金属；
in shock 震惊；吃惊；＊shock／fDk／n.震惊；令人震惊的事；休克vt.（使）震惊
electricity/I,lek'tris ti/ n. 电；电能
课 文 预 习 必 读
THE NIGHT THE EARTH DIDN'T SLEEP
【汉语译文】地球的不眠之夜
幸存者目及之处无一不是废墟，万物尽毁。市内大约75％（percent）的工厂和大楼、90％的住房和所有的医院都倒塌了。砖块（brick）就像秋天的红叶覆盖着地面，但是却没有风能将其吹走。大多数桥梁不是坍塌了，就是无法安全通行了；铁轨变成了废金属（metal）块；数万头奶牛、数十万头猪和数百万只鸡也都死掉了。沙子灌满水井，井水消失殆尽。人们惊恐万状（imshock），然而临近傍晚时分，又一次强烈的地震撼动唐山。更多的楼房倒塌了，没有水和食物，电（electricity）也停了。人们心里开始疑惑这场灾难还会持续多久。
课 文 预 习 必 读
THE NIGHT THE EARTH DIDN'T SLEEP
【教材原文】But hope was not lost. Soon after the quakes, the army sent 150, 000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead . More than 10,000 doctors and nurses came to provide medical care . Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed. " Hundreds of thousands of people were helped. Water and food were brought into the city by train, truck, and plane. Slowly, the city began to breathe again.
课 文 预 习 必 读
THE NIGHT THE EARTH DIDN'T SLEEP
【词汇注释】
dig out 挖出；
trap／tr p／vt．使落入险境；使陷入圈套n.险境；陷阱；
bury／＇beri／vt．埋葬；安葬；
the dead 死者；逝者（“the＋adj.”可表示一类人）
medical care 医疗护理
breathe/bri: / vi.& vt. 呼吸
课 文 预 习 必 读
THE NIGHT THE EARTH DIDN'T SLEEP
【汉语译文】地球的不眠之夜
然而，希望尚存。地震发生后不久，部队派出了15万名士兵奔赴唐山，将受困（trap）群众从废墟中抢救出来，并掩埋（bury）了死者。上万名医疗工作者赶到现场，救死扶伤。工人们为那些家园被毁的幸存者盖起了避难所，数十万的群众获得了帮助，火车、卡车和飞机给城市运来了食物和饮用水。慢慢地，这座城市又开始恢复了生机（breathe呼吸）。
课 文 预 习 必 读
THE NIGHT THE EARTH DIDN'T SLEEP
【教材原文】Tangshan started to revive itself and get back up on its feet . With strong support from the government and the tireless efforts ofthe city's people, a new Tangshan was built upon the earthquake ruins. The new city has become a home to more than seven million people, with great improvements in transportation, industry, and environment. Tangshan city has proved to China and the rest of the world that in times of disaster, people must unify and show the wisdom to stay positive and rebuild for a brighter future.
课 文 预 习 必 读
THE NIGHT THE EARTH DIDN'T SLEEP
【词汇注释】
revive /ri'vaiv/ vt. & vi. 复活；（使）苏醒；
on one＇s feet 恢复；站立着；
support n.支持；
effort／＇ef t／n.努力；艰难的尝试；尽力
in times of在······时期
unify /'ju:n fai/ vi. & vt. 统一；（使）成一体
wisdom ／＇w zd m／n．智慧；才智
stay positive 保持乐观
课 文 预 习 必 读
THE NIGHT THE EARTH DIDN'T SLEEP
【汉语译文】地球的不眠之夜
唐山重新站起来并获得了新生（revive）。有了来自政府的大力支持以及唐山人民的不懈努力（effort），一座新的唐山在废墟中被建立起来。这座新的城市已经成为700多万人的家园，交通、工业和环境都得到了巨大的改善。唐山向中国、向世界证明，在自然灾害中，人类必须勠力同心（unify统一，wisdom智慧），保持积极乐观的心态和重建家园的决心。
长 难 句 分 析
02.
长难句分析
长 难 句 分 析
1. the night the earth didn't sleep
＊这是课文的标题，意为“地球的不眠之夜”。其中 the earth didn＇t sleep是定语从句，修饰 the night。
＊当先行词是the day（拓展出 the month，the year，the night..），the place，the reason时，定语从句可分别由关系副词when，where，why引导。此时还可由that引导，that在这里可视为关系副词来代替以上关系副词，that还可省略。本句就是省略关系副词that的情况
长 难 句 分 析
2. There were deep cracks that appeared in the well walls.
＊that引导定语从句，对先行词cracks加以修饰和限制，that在定语从句中作主语。
长 难 句 分 析
3. Mice ran out of the fields looking for places to hide...
＊looking for...是现在分词短语作状语，表示伴随。
长 难 句 分 析
4. It seemed as if the world were coming to an end!
＊句式It seemed as if...的意思是“看起来好像··...”，as if引导表语从句，该从句用了虚拟语气（be动词用were）。as if引导表语从句或方式状语从句，从句常用虚拟语气，表示所述的情况与事实不符。
长 难 句 分 析
5...one of the most deadly earthquakes of the 20th century had begun, a quake that even caused damage more than 150 kilometres away in Beijing.
＊that even caused damage...是that引导的定语从句，对先行词a quake加以修饰和限制。句中的a quake是 one of the mostdeadly earthquakes of the 20th century的同位语。
长 难 句 分 析
6. Two thirds of the people who lived there were dead or injured.
＊who lived there是who引导的定语从句，对two thirds of the people 进行修饰和限制，who在定语从句中作主语。
长 难 句 分 析
7. The number of people who were killed or badly injured in the quake was more than 400,000.
＊who were killed or badly injured in the quake 是who 引导的定语从句，修饰和限制先行词people，who在定语从句中作主语。＊“the number of＋名词复数”作主语，谓语动词用单数形式（was）。
长 难 句 分 析
8. Everywhere survivors looked, there was nothing but ruins.
＊everywhere引导地点状语从句，这里表示“幸存者目及之处；幸存者看到的每个地方”。
长 难 句 分 析
9. Soon after the quakes, the army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.
＊who were trapped是who引导的定语从句，修饰those。and连接两个并列的不定式短语 to dig out...和 to burythe dead，均作 sent...to Tangshan的目的状语。
＊先行词是those时，定语从句常用who引导，不用that引导。
长 难 句 分 析
10. Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.
＊whose引导定语从句，对先行词 survivors加以修饰和限制。whose在定语从句中作homes的定语。
教 材 预 习 梳 理
03.
教材预习梳理
教 材 预 习 梳 理
词块梳理与背诵
（英汉互译）
① be damaged in an earthquake____;
② be unsafe on drink _____；
③ get serverely injured_____;
④ at least(=at the least) _____;
⑤ some smelly gas coming out of a well _______;
⑥ _____ 紧张得吃不下饭（too...to);
⑦ _____ 拒绝做某事;
⑧ _____ 像往常一样；照例;
⑨ _____ 似乎；好像；仿佛;
⑩ _____ 结束;
the most deadly earthquakes of the 20th century_____;
one third of_____;
eight kilometres long and 30 metres wide（数词＋ 单位名词＋long／wide／tall／deep） _____;
cut across _____;
lie in ruins_____ ;
教 材 预 习 梳 理
词块梳理与背诵
（英汉互译）
_____ 三分之二的; _____···的数量;
_____在地震中丧生或身受重伤; _____ 只有；只；仅仅;
_____75％的;
blow the bricks away _____ ;
useless pieces of metal _____
(be)in shock __
wonder how long the disaster will last_____;
dig out the trapped（“the＋过去分词＂表示一类人） _____ ;
_____ 掩埋死者（“the＋形容词”表示一类人）;
_____为幸存者建造避难所;
_____城市又开始恢复了生机
____开始自我复苏
_____ 重新站起来;
with strong support from the government ____;
with the tireless efforts of the people ____
built upon/on the earthquake ruins _____;
a home to ____;
prove to sb. that... ___;
教 材 预 习 梳 理
词块梳理与背诵
（英汉互译）
_____ 在灾难时刻;
_____ 保持积极的心态（态度）;
_____ 为了更美好的未来;
_____ 使用上下文理解生词;
_____ 在词典中查单词;
leave nearly the whole city in ruins（leave＋宾语＋ 宾补）_____；
suffer from terrible injuries_____； in the revival of_____；
go through similar changes_____ learn lessons from
教 材 预 习 梳 理
词块梳理与背诵
（英汉互译）
①在地震中受损;
②喝着不安全;
③严重受伤;
④至少;
【答案】
⑤一些从井里冒出来的臭气
⑥ too nervous to eat
⑦ refuse to do sth.
⑧as usual
【答案】
【答案】
⑨ as if
⑩ come to an end 20世纪伤亡最严重的地震
教 材 预 习 梳 理
词块梳理与背诵
（英汉互译）
【答案】
三分之一的;
8千米长，30米宽;
横切；抄近路通过;
沦为废墟;
two thirds of;
the number of;
be killed or badlyinjured in the quake;
nothing but
75 percent of
【答案】
把砖块吹走；
废金属块；
震惊；吃惊；
想知道这场灾难会持续多久；
挖出被困者；
bury the dead；
build shelters for survivors；
the city began to breathe again；
start to revive itself；
get back up on its feet;
教 材 预 习 梳 理
词块梳理与背诵
（英汉互译）
【答案】
有了来自政府的大力支持 ；
有了人民的不懈努力；
建在地震废墟上；
····的家园；
向某人证明……;
in times of disaster;
stay positive;
for a brighter future;
【答案】
use context to understand new words;
look the word up in a dictionary 几乎使整个城市成为废墟;
遭受重伤;
在…的复苏中；
经历类似的变化；
从·····中得到教训；
教 材 预 习 梳 理
构词法梳理与背诵
【转化法构词】
① _____ n.裂纹；裂缝→vi.＆vt.（使）破裂
② _____ n.破坏；毁坏（in ruins 严重受损；破败不堪）→vt.破坏；毁坏；
③ _____ n.砖；砖块→vt.用砖砌;
④ _____ n.震惊；令人震惊的事；休克（inshock震惊；吃惊）→vt.（使）震惊;
⑤ _____ vt.使落入险境；使陷入圈套→n.险境；陷阱
教 材 预 习 梳 理
构词法梳理与背诵
【派生法构词】
⑩wise adj.明智的；聪明的；博学的→_____ n.智慧；才智
suffer vt.遭受；蒙受vi.（因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等）受苦→_____ n.患病者；受害者；受苦者；受难者→_____n.疼痛；痛苦；折磨；苦难
【派生法构词】
⑥ electricadj.电的；电动的；发电的；导电的→ _____ n.电；电能;
⑦ breath n.呼吸，气息；一口气→____ vi.&vt.呼吸
⑧revive vt.＆vi.复活；（使）苏醒→_____ n.振兴；复苏
⑨ effort n.努力；艰难的尝试；尽力→ _____ adj.不需费力的；容易的→_____ adv.不需费力地；容易地
教 材 预 习 梳 理
构词法梳理与背诵
①crack ②ruin ③brick ④shock
【答案】
⑤trap
⑥electricity ⑦breathe ⑧revival
【答案】
【答案】
⑨ effortless,
effortlessly ⑩wisdom sufferer,suffering
教 材 预 习 梳 理
课文原创题自测
（课文阅读理解）
①The title “The night the carth didn't sleep" means _____.
A.the earth was awake all night long
B.the earth shook like crazy that night
C.animals on the earth would not sleep that night
D.people on the earth couldn't fall asleep that night
② How did the author write the details of the damage
A.In time order.
B.In space order.
C.By examples with data.
D.By making contrasts（对比）.
教 材 预 习 梳 理
课文原创题自测
（课文阅读理解）
③ What does the last sentence “Slowly, the city began to breathe again.”in the last but one paragraph mean
A.The trees turned green.
B.The animals began to breathe.
C.The city returned to normal gradually.
D. People who were trapped came to life.
④According to the last paragraph， in which aspect（方面）has Tangshan improved itself？
A.Industry.
B.Environment.
C.Transportation.
D.All of the above.
教 材 预 习 梳 理
课文原创题自测
（课文语法填空）
Many strange things had happened before Tangshan earthquake happened. The well walls had deep cracks. Some smelly gas came out ⑤_____ wells. Chickens and even pigs were too nervous to eat. At 3:42 on ⑥_____ morning of July 28,1976, everything began to shake. It seemed as if the world ⑦_____ ( come ) to an end. Hard hills of rock became rivers of dirt. In less than one minute,the whole city lay in ⑧ ____(ruin). Two thirds of the peopledied or were injured. Nearly everything in the city was destroyed.
People ⑨_____ (shock)at this and wondered how long the disaster would last.The army organised teams to dig out those ⑩_____ were trapped and to bury the dead. Workers built shelters for _____(survive). Fresh water and food were taken to the city. Slowly,the city began _____(breathe) again. With strong support from the government and the tireless efforts of the city's people, a new Tangshan was built upon the earthquake ruins. It _____ (prove)that in times of disaster, people must unify and show the _____(wise)to stay positive and rebuild for a brighter future.
教 材 预 习 梳 理
课文原创题自测
【课文阅读理解答案】
1. B；2. C；3. C；4.D
【课文语法填空答案】
⑤ of；⑥ the；⑦ were coming
⑧ruins；⑨were shocked；
⑩ who； survivors；
to breathe proves/has proved ； wisdom
重 难 点 全 解
04.
重难点全解
重 难 点 全 解
1. Chickens and even pigs were too nervous to eat.. 鸡甚至猪都焦躁不安，不愿进食.....
too…to… 太······而不能······（表示否定意义）
eg：He is too stubborn to go on a journey with us. 他太固执了，不愿和我们一起去旅行。
eg：I hate it when she calls me at work-I'm always too busy to carry on a conversation with her.
我讨厌她在工作时给我打电话-我总是太忙了，没时间和她交谈。
【说明】
学习 too...to...结构，从道理上理解才是关键。我们知道 too 表示“超过极限”，例如“问题太难，水太热”等，当事物超过了承受的极限，那就“做不到”了，所以不定式自然表示否定意义。这是因为，too后面的词语和不定式动作之间的关系是相悖的、矛盾的。如果too后面的词语和不定式动作之间的关系是相向的，即便加了too也“不超限”，而是加深了形容词的程度（too意为“十分，非常”），这时不定式没有否定含义。请比较：
This question is too difficult to answer.
这个问题太难了，无法回答。
The girl is too pleased to help others.
这个女孩十分乐意帮助别人。
重 难 点 全 解
1. Chickens and even pigs were too nervous to eat.. 鸡甚至猪都焦躁不安，不愿进食.....
【词块背诵】
（1）too anxious （eager， glad，pleased，thankful，willing，delighted）to do 表示肯定意义
（2）not／never too…to表示肯定意义；
（3）can not／never…enough／too much，can not／never…too…
无论怎样······也不过分，越······越好
【词块背诵】
eg：I＇m only too delighted to accept your invitation.我非常高兴接受你的邀请。
eg：-Must I turn off the gas after cooking？
做饭后我必须关掉煤气吗？
-Of course. You can never be too careful with that. 当然。对于煤气你越小心越好。
重 难 点 全 解
【完成句子】
① He is __________（太虚弱了而站不起来）becauseof fever.
【完成句子】
② She is __________（急于离开）.
【完成句子】
③ The students are __________（急于知道）the resultsof the exam.
1. Chickens and even pigs were too nervous to eat.. 鸡甚至猪都焦躁不安，不愿进食.....
重 难 点 全 解
【完成句子】
④ It's __________（活到老，学到老）.
⑤ The question is __________（不难回答）.
【完成句子】
⑥ I __________（对你真是感激不尽）for all your helpto my son while we were away from home.
【完成句子】
⑦ You __________（越小心越好）when crossing the road.
1. Chickens and even pigs were too nervous to eat.. 鸡甚至猪都焦躁不安，不愿进食.....
重 难 点 全 解
【答案】
① too weak to stand；② too anxiousto leave；
③ too anxious to know；④ never too old to leam；
⑤ not too difficult to answer；
⑥couldn't thank you too much/ couldn't thank you enough；
⑦ can't be too careful；
1. Chickens and even pigs were too nervous to eat.. 鸡甚至猪都焦躁不安，不愿进食.....
重 难 点 全 解
2. It seemed as if the world were coming to an end!仿佛世界末日即将来临！
as if/as though 似乎；好像；仿佛（用来引导表语从句和方式状语从句）
（1）引导表语从句（sound／look／seem／feel．．．＋as if表语从句）
eg：What's the noise It sounds as if it comes from upstairs.
什么声音？听起来好像是从楼上传来的。
eg：We've missed the bus. It looks as if we'll have to walk.
我们错过了公共汽车，看来我们得步行了。
（2）引导方式状语从句
eg：They treat me as if I were a stranger. 他们待我如陌生人。
eg：They completely ignore these facts as if they never existed.
他们完全忽略了这些事实，就仿佛它们不存在似的。
重 难 点 全 解
2. It seemed as if the world were coming to an end!仿佛世界末日即将来临！
【说明】
（1）as if引导的从句所表示的内容若为事实或可能为事实，应使用陈述语气；若与事实不符或相反，应使用虚拟语气，此时as if从句的谓语构成如下：
与现在事实不符：一般过去时（be动词用were）；与过去事实不符：过去完成时（had＋过去分词）；与将来事实不符：would／could／might／should＋动词原形。
eg：He looks at me as if I were mad. 他看着我仿佛我疯了似的。
eg：He was in great trouble, but he behaved as if nothing had happened.
他遇到了很大的麻烦，但他表现得若无其事。
eg：She is in a talktive mood as if she would get 1 billion tomorrow.
她滔滔不绝，话兴正浓，就好像明天能得到10个亿似的。
重 难 点 全 解
2. It seemed as if the world were coming to an end!仿佛世界末日即将来临！
【说明】
（2）as if引导的从句有时可用省略形式，这样就变成了“as if＋分词／不定式／形容词／介词短语”。省略原则同时间、条件、让步等状语从句的省略原则：当从句主语与主句主语一致或从句主语是it，从句谓语中又含有be动词时，从句中主语和be动词可省略。
eg：She stood at the door as if ( she was ) waiting for someone.
她站在门口，好像在等人。
重 难 点 全 解
【单句语法填空】
① He talks as if he _____ (know) everything in the world.
② Don't handle the vase as if it _____ (be) made of steel.
③ Eliza remembers everything exactly as if it _____ (happen) yesterday.
④ He described the characters in the novel as if he _____(meet) them face to face.
⑤ It was John who broke the window.Why are you talking to me as if I ____(do) it
2. It seemed as if the world were coming to an end!仿佛世界末日即将来临！
【翻译句子】
⑥ 他似乎并不在乎身边的一切。(seem as if) _____________________________.
⑦ 他看上去好像要哭出来了。(look as if) ________________________________.
⑧ 我在这里感觉格格不入。（feelas if) _________________________________.
重 难 点 全 解
【答案】
① knew；② were；③ happened；④ had met；
⑤ had done；
⑥ It seemed as if he didn't care about everything around him.
⑦ He looked as if he was about to burst into tears.
⑧ I don't feel as ifI belong here.
2. It seemed as if the world were coming to an end!仿佛世界末日即将来临！
重 难 点 全 解
3. In less than one minute, a large city lay in ruins.
在不到一分钟的时间里，一座大城市沦为废墟。
ruin（1）n．［U］破坏；破产；［C］［pl．］废墟，残垣断壁
【搭配】go to ruin/fall into ruin 衰落，败落；in ruins 严重受损，破败不堪；
reduce sth. to ruins 把某物夷为废墟；financial ruin 破产；the ruins of … ……的遗迹
eg：A large number of churches fell into ruin after the revolution.
革命过后，许多教堂都毁了。
eg：Years of fighting have left the area in ruins.
多年的战事已使得这个地区破败不堪。
eg：He was determined to build a new life out of the ruins of his career.
他决心从事业失败中爬起来，重新开始新的生活。
重 难 点 全 解
3. In less than one minute, a large city lay in ruins.
在不到一分钟的时间里，一座大城市沦为废墟。
ruin（2）vt．毁坏，破坏，糟蹋；使破产（或丢失地位等）
eg：My new shoes got ruined in the mud.我的新鞋被泥浆给糟蹋了。
eg：The country was ruined by the war.这个国家因战争而遭到破坏。
eg：That mistake ruined his chances of getting the job.
那个错误断送了他得到那份工作的机会。
重 难 点 全 解
3. In less than one minute, a large city lay in ruins.
在不到一分钟的时间里，一座大城市沦为废墟。
【词块背诵】ruin oneself 毁了自己；ruin the reputation 破坏声誉；
ruin one＇s hope／health 毁掉某人的希望／健康；ruin one＇s appetite 破坏某人的食欲
ruin one＇s life 毁掉某人的生活；ruin one＇s journey 破坏某人的旅行；
ruin one＇s career 毁掉某人的事业；
【说明】
单复数意义不同的常考词归纳：
ruin 毁坏→ruins 废墟
damage 损坏；损失→damages（法院判定的）损害赔偿金
force 力量→forces军队，兵力 spirit 精神→spirits 情绪，心情
instruction 指导→instructions 说明（书）
重 难 点 全 解
【单句语法填空】
① Shortly after suffering from a massive earthquake and being reduced to ___ (ruin), the city took on a new look.
【单句语法填空】
③ We visited the _____(ruin) of the Summer Palace last winter. It_____(ruin)by foreign invaders（侵略者）.
【单句语法填空】
② She went through a period of emotional adjustment（调整）after her company fell _____ ruin and she finally decided to find a new job.
【单句语法填空】
④The whole town ___ (ruin ) by the heavy storm last night. The army sent 10,000 soldiers to help rescue the trapped people.
3. In less than one minute, a large city lay in ruins.
在不到一分钟的时间里，一座大城市沦为废墟。
重 难 点 全 解
【单句语法填空】
⑤ Many village comm-unities feel their countryside _____ (ruin) by the power-producing machines of wind farms.
【完成句子】
⑥ Carl cares about nothing and has let the farm __________________（败落）.
【完成句子】
⑦ Ever since the earthquake,this place has been _____________-（一片废墟）.
【答案】
① ruins；② into；③ ruins; was ruined ④ was ruined；
⑤ is being ruined；
⑥ go to ruin/fall into ruin；
⑦ in ruins
3. In less than one minute, a large city lay in ruins.
在不到一分钟的时间里，一座大城市沦为废墟。
重 难 点 全 解
4. People were in shock... 人们惊恐万状······
in shock（＝in a state of shock）震惊；吃惊；处于休克状态
eg：I am in shock. I still can't believe it's true.
我非常震惊，我仍然不能相信这是真的。
eg：He＇s still in a state of shock.他至今还惊魂未定。
eg：He isn't seriously injured but he is in shock.
他伤得不重，但处于休克状态。
重 难 点 全 解
4. People were in shock... 人们惊恐万状······
shock（1）n．震惊；令人震惊的事；休克
【搭配】give sb.a shock 使某人震惊搭配
a great shock to sb.对某人来说是个极大的震撼（抽象名词具体化）
eg：The news gave us a shock. 这消息使我们感到震惊。
eg：She was taken to hospital suffering from shock.
她因休克被送到医院。
重 难 点 全 解
4. People were in shock... 人们惊恐万状······
shock（2）vt．（使）震惊；（使）惊愕
【搭配】It shocks sb. to do sth.做某事让某人感到震惊。
It shocks sb.that...······让某人感到震惊。
It shocks sb.to see／hear...看到／听到······使某人震惊。
be shocked at／by对······感到震惊／被······震惊到
be shocked that...对······感到震惊
eg：The news shocked the public, leading to great concern about the students＇safety at school.
这一消息震惊了公众，引起了人们对学生在校安全的极大关注。
eg：I was shocked to hear that he had resigned. 听到他辞职的消息，我深感意外。
重 难 点 全 解
4. People were in shock... 人们惊恐万状······
shock（2）vt．（使）震惊；（使）惊愕
eg：We were all shocked at the news of his death.
听到他的死讯，我们都感到震惊。
eg：Neighbours were shocked that such an attack could happen in their area.
竟有这样的暴力行为发生在他们的地区，邻居们大为惊骇。
【词块背诵】（1）electric shock 触电；电休克
emotional／culture shock情感上的打击／文化冲击
（2）shocked adj．震惊的a shocked look／expression／voice 震惊的表情／声音
（3）shocking adj．使人震惊的；骇人的；shocking behaviour 骇人听闻的行为 shocking news令人震惊的消息；
eg：It is shocking that they involved children in the fight.
令人震惊的是，他们教唆儿童参与打架。
重 难 点 全 解
【单句语法填空】
① I looked at my husband _____ shock, waiting for him to te11 me that I had misunderstood everything.
② The news of his death came as _____ great shock to everyone.
③ We were shocked _____ the remains of the ancient Rome.
【单句语法填空】
④ She was so_____ (shock) that she could hardly bring out a word.
⑤ I was greeted by a _____ (shock) sight.
⑥This is___ news.It has ___ everyone,and everyone is___ at the news. (shock)
4. People were in shock... 人们惊恐万状······
重 难 点 全 解
【单句语法填空】
⑦ People were ___ to see that the little girl was often beaten by her stepmother. The ___ news ___ all the peo-ple around, which was also a ___ to her father who was working abroad.(shock)
【一句多译】
⑧听到这家医院就要关闭，我感到很震惊。
________________________________the hospital was closing down.
=_____________________________
the hospital was closing down.
=______________________________
the hospital was closing down.
4. People were in shock... 人们惊恐万状······
重 难 点 全 解
【答案】
① in；②a；③at／by；④ shocked；
⑤ shocking；
⑥ shock-ing,shocked,shocked；
⑦ shocked,shocking,shocked,shock；
⑧ I was shocked to hear that ;It shocked me to hear that;It shocked me that
4. People were in shock... 人们惊恐万状······
重 难 点 全 解
5...the army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead．·····部队派出了15万名士兵奔赴唐山，将受困群众从废墟中抢救出来，并掩埋了死者。
trap （1）vt．（trapped-trapped-trapping）使落入险境；使陷入圈套
【搭配】be trapped in困在······中；陷入······中；
be trapped by被······困住
trap sb. into doing sth.
诱骗某人做某事
eg：He was trapped in an unhappy marriage.
他陷入不幸的婚姻之中。
eg：I feel trapped in my job.
我觉得被工作缠住了。
eg：We became trapped by the rising floodwater. 我们被上涨的洪水困住了。
eg：He felt he had been trapped into accepting the terms of the contract.
他觉得自己是中了圈套才接受这合同条款的。
重 难 点 全 解
5...the army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead．·····部队派出了15万名士兵奔赴唐山，将受困群众从废墟中抢救出来，并掩埋了死者。
trap （2）n．（捕捉动物的）陷阱；圈套；（难以逃脱的）困境
【搭配】fall into the trap of （ doing）sth.掉进（做）某事的陷阱；
avoid the trap of（doing）sth.避免掉进（做）某事的陷阱；
lay／set a trap（for sb.）（给某人）设下圈套；
fall／walk into a trap 落入圈套
eg：Parents often fall into the trap of trying to do everything for their children.
家长经常陷入极力为子女操办一切的误区。
eg：Some people were caught in the unemployment trap. 有些人陷入失业的困境。
重 难 点 全 解
【单句语法填空】
① After the earthquake,many people _____ (trap) in the ruins. Fortunately,the soldiers soon came to their rescue.
② She was trapped into _____ (say) something she did not mean.
③ They were trapped _____ the mountain, waiting to be rescued.
【单句语法填空】
④ By clever questioning they trapped him into _____ (tell) the truth.
⑤ At midnight they finally rescued the tourists _____(trap) in the valley.
⑥Think carefully before you answer his questions. You may be trapped _____ giving away import-ant information.
5...the army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead．·····部队派出了15万名士兵奔赴唐山，将受困群众从废墟中抢救出来，并掩埋了死者。
重 难 点 全 解
【答案】
① were trapped;
② saying;
③ in;
④ telling;
⑤ trapped;
⑥ into;
5...the army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead．·····部队派出了15万名士兵奔赴唐山，将受困群众从废墟中抢救出来，并掩埋了死者。
重 难 点 全 解
5...the army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead．·····部队派出了15万名士兵奔赴唐山，将受困群众从废墟中抢救出来，并掩埋了死者。
bury （1）vt．埋葬；安葬；埋藏；覆盖；遮盖
【搭配】bury...in...把······埋到·····里;
bury one＇s face／head in one＇s hands 双手掩面／双手抱头;
eg：Bury the old world and build a new one.
埋葬旧世界，建设新世界。
eg：Your letter got buried under a pile of papers. 你的信被压在一堆文件底下。
eg：The thunder was so loud that he buried his head in his hands and rubbed his eyes.
雷声太大了，他用双手护着头，并揉了揉眼睛。
重 难 点 全 解
5...the army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead．·····部队派出了15万名士兵奔赴唐山，将受困群众从废墟中抢救出来，并掩埋了死者。
bury （2）vt．使陷入；掩藏（感情、错误等）
【搭配】bury one＇s feelings 隐藏感情，感情不外露；
bury oneself in ＝ be buried in 埋头于，专心于
eg：She has learnt to bury her feelings.
她已经学会了感情不外露。
eg：She buried herself in the country to write a book. 她隐居乡村写书。
eg：She always has her head buried in a book.
她总是埋头读书。
eg：He was buried in thought.他在沉思。
重 难 点 全 解
5...the army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead．·····部队派出了15万名士兵奔赴唐山，将受困群众从废墟中抢救出来，并掩埋了死者。
【单句语法填空】
①He buried his face _____ his hands and burst into tears.
② Ever since he moved there, he _____ (bury) in his research work.
【完成句子】
③ 那位科学家埋头于研究，对此事一无所知。
_______________________________________
the scientist knew nothing about the matter.
④ 他双手掩面而泣。
_______________________________________
and wept.
重 难 点 全 解
5...the army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead．·····部队派出了15万名士兵奔赴唐山，将受困群众从废墟中抢救出来，并掩埋了死者。
【答案】
① in；② has been buried；
③ Burying himself in his study/ Buried in his study ④ He buried his face in his hands
重 难 点 全 解
6.Slowly,the city began to breathe again.
慢慢地，这座城市又开始恢复了生机。
breathe vi.＆vt.呼吸
eg：If you exercise out of doors, your body will learn to breathe more deeply.
如果你在户外锻炼，你的身体将会学会更深地呼吸。
eg：We all breathed a sigh of relief when it was over.
事情过去后，我们大家都松了一口气。。
重 难 点 全 解
6.Slowly,the city began to breathe again.
慢慢地，这座城市又开始恢复了生机。
breathe vi.＆vt.呼吸
【词块背诵】breathe in 吸气 ；breathe out 呼气；
breathe（new）life into（给某事物）带来起色，注入活力；
breathe deeply 深呼吸；breathe regularly 均匀呼吸；
breathe hard呼吸困难；
breathe（freely／easily）again 平静下来；松一口气；
breathe a sigh of relief 舒一口气
重 难 点 全 解
6.Slowly,the city began to breathe again.
慢慢地，这座城市又开始恢复了生机。
【单句语法填空】
①I like getting up very early in summer. The morning air is so good _____(breathe).
② The doctor told me to breathe _____ deeply and then breathe _____ slowly.
③ You can often save a person's life by breathing _____ his mouth.
【完成句子】
④He _____（深吸一口气）before speaking again.
重 难 点 全 解
6.Slowly,the city began to breathe again.
慢慢地，这座城市又开始恢复了生机。
【答案】
① to breathe；② in，out；③ into；④ breathed deeply
重 难 点 全 解
6.Slowly,the city began to breathe again.
慢慢地，这座城市又开始恢复了生机。
breath n.呼吸
eg：We were out of breath after only five minutes.
我们五分钟后便气喘吁吁了。
eg：He held his breath while the results were read out.
宣读结果时，他屏住了呼吸。
重 难 点 全 解
6.Slowly,the city began to breathe again.
慢慢地，这座城市又开始恢复了生机。
breath n.呼吸
【词块背诵】hold one＇s breath 屏住呼吸；
out of breath 气喘吁吁，上气不接下气；
lose one＇s breath 喘不上气来；take a deep breath 深吸一口气
take one＇s breath away 令人惊叹；让人叹绝
（＝to be very surprising or beautiful）
【说明】lose one’s breath 与out of beath 虽然含义相同，但是lose one’s breath 表示动作，be out of breath表示状态。
重 难 点 全 解
6.Slowly,the city began to breathe again.
慢慢地，这座城市又开始恢复了生机。
【完成句子】
① Daniel _____（深吸一口气）and dived into the water.
② Fred entered without knocking and, _____（上气不接下气），sank into achair.
③ My first view of the island from the air _____ (令我惊叹).
重 难 点 全 解
6.Slowly,the city began to breathe again.
慢慢地，这座城市又开始恢复了生机。
【答案】
① took a deep breath；② out of breath；
③ took my breath away
重 难 点 全 解
7. With strong support from the government and the tireless efforts of the city＇s people..有了来自政府的大力支持以及唐山人民的不懈努力....
effort n.努力；艰难的尝试；尽力（→effortless adj.不费力气的；应付自如的）
eg：You should make an effort to improve your reading comprehension.
你应该努力提高你的阅读理解能力。
eg：You should put more effort into your work.你应该更加努力地工作。
eg：Everyone in my class spares no effort on their study,preparing for the College Entrance Examination.
我们班的每个人都不遗余力地学习，为高考做准备。
eg：Getting up this morning was quite an effort ( = it was difficult).
今天早上起床相当费力。
重 难 点 全 解
7. With strong support from the government and the tireless efforts of the city＇s people..有了来自政府的大力支持以及唐山人民的不懈努力....
effort n.努力；艰难的尝试；尽力（→effortless adj.不费力气的；应付自如的）
【词块背诵】make an/every effort ( to do sth. )；
make efforts (to do sth.)尽力（做某事）；努力（做某事）
It takes effort to do sth. 花费精力去做某事。
put effort into 对······付出努力；
spare no effort （to do sth.）不遗余力（做某事）
in an effort to do sth.努力做某事；with effort 努力地；
be worth the effort 值得努力；without effort毫不费力地
教 材 预 习 梳 理
【单句语法填空】
① Jack has madle an effort _____ (improve) his equipment.
② Now my dream is to open a cafe. Though it may appear simple,it requires a lot of ideas and _____ (effort).
③ You just walk along that path, and it will get you there _____ effort.
【完成句子】
④地方俱乐部正在尽一切努力来吸引更多的年轻人。
The local clubs _____ to interest more young people.
【翻译句子】
⑤准备一次展览要花费很多时间和精力。（It takes...to do...）
_________________________.
7. With strong support from the government and the tireless efforts of the city＇s people..有了来自政府的大力支持以及唐山人民的不懈努力....
教 材 预 习 梳 理
【答案】
① to improve；② efforts；③ without；
④ are making every effort
⑤ It takes a lot of time and effort to get an exhibition ready.
7. With strong support from the government and the tireless efforts of the city＇s people..有了来自政府的大力支持以及唐山人民的不懈努力....
重 难 点 全 解
8. ..though they were suffering from terrible injuries...
······尽管他们受了重伤······
suffer （1）vi．（因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等）受苦 sufferer n.受难者；患病者
eg：He made a rash decision and now he is suffering for it.
他当初草率决定，现在吃苦头了。
eg：Jackson is cheerful about his life even if he is suffering from cancer.
即使杰克逊身患癌症，他也对生活很乐观。
重 难 点 全 解
8. ..though they were suffering from terrible injuries...
······尽管他们受了重伤······
suffer （2）vt．遭受；蒙受
eg：The football team suffered a defeat.该足球队被击败了。
eg：My mother suffered all kinds of hardships throughout her life.
我母亲一生尝到了各种辛酸。
重 难 点 全 解
8. ..though they were suffering from terrible injuries...
······尽管他们受了重伤······
【词块背诵】
（1）suffer from因······而遭受损失（痛苦等）；
suffer from a bad back 背疼得厉害；suffer from ill health 身体不好；
suffer from a bad cold 患重感冒；suffer from the loss of memory 患失忆症
suffer from a headache／toothache 头疼／牙疼
suffer for 为····而吃苦头
suffer for one＇s foolishness 因某人的愚蠢而受苦
重 难 点 全 解
8. ..though they were suffering from terrible injuries...
······尽管他们受了重伤······
【词块背诵】
（2）suffer pain／hardships 经历痛苦／苦难
suffer losses／damage遭受损失／损害 suffer a defeat 遭受失败；
suffer punishment 遭受惩罚
suffer hunger／shame 挨饿／蒙羞
suffer shock／misfortune 遭受打击／不幸
重 难 点 全 解
【单句语法填空】
① She suffered_____a headache yesterday.
【单句语法填空】
【单句语法填空】
② I have suffered _____ a bad back recently.
③ Mary is suffering _____ ill health at the moment.
8. ..though they were suffering from terrible injuries...
······尽管他们受了重伤······
重 难 点 全 解
【单句语法填空】
④ A young English teacher saved the lives of 30 students when he took control of a bus after its driver _____ (suffer) a serious heart attack.
【单句语法填空】
【翻译句子】
⑤ A tough man can tolerate _____ (suffer).
⑥司机受到惊吓，但并未受伤。(suffer)
______________________.
8. ..though they were suffering from terrible injuries...
······尽管他们受了重伤······
重 难 点 全 解
【翻译句子】
⑦ 他患了一种怪病。（suffer from）
____________________________
【单句语法填空-答案】
【翻译句子-答案】
① from；② from；③from；
④ suffered；⑤ suffering
⑥ The driver suffered shock but was not hurt.
⑦ He is suffering from a strange disease.
8. ..though they were suffering from terrible injuries...
······尽管他们受了重伤······
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