北京中考英语任务型阅读专项训练（含解析）

阅读回答问题
阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。
Why do We Celebrate Festivals
Festivals are celebrated all around the world. Every festival has its different customs. However, no matter how different they may seem, all over the world, the spirit of sharing joy, thanks, love, or peace is common in all festivals.
Of all the traditional festivals, the harvest(丰收) festival can be found in almost every culture. This important festival takes place after all the crops have been gathered in. People celebrate to show that they are thankful for the year’s supply of food. In ancient Egypt, the harvest festival was celebrated during the springtime—the Egyptian harvest season. It had a parade and a great large meal with music dancing, and sports. Today, in some European countries, people decorate town halls with flowers and fruit, and get together to celebrate over a meal. During the Mid-Autumn Festival in China, families gather to admire the shining moon and enjoy delicious moon cakes.
Customs play an important role in festivals, but sometimes they can change over time because of the development of modem society and the spread of new ideas. One example is the Chinese Spring Festival custom of lighting fireworks to drive away the evil(恶毒的) spirits and celebrate the new year. Nowadays, many big cities have given up this custom in order to avoid air pollution. Another example is Halloween, which slowly became an exciting festival for children which is far from its original custom.
Festivals are becoming more and more commercial(商业的) with businesses taking advantage of the celebrations. Online shopping websites and social media apps have made it much easier for the public to spend more on gifts for their loved ones. Although some believe festivals should not be commercialized, others believe the increase in spending is good for the economy(经济) and public happiness.
Festivals are an important part of society. They show people’s wishes, beliefs and attitudes towards life. They allow us to relax and enjoy life, and forget about our work for a little while. They help us understand where we came from, who we are, and what to thank for. And if you study festivals carefully, you may be surprised to find that different cultures actually have a lot in common after all.
1．What is the common spirit in all festivals
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2．Which festival can be found in almost every culture
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3．Why do customs in some festivals change over time
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4．What’s the main idea of the last paragraph
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5．What do you think of festivals’ becoming more commercial Why do you think so
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Air is important for everyone, we live depending on it. But what if it is polluted Air pollution is a killer. The World Health Organization says it kills about seven million people around the world each year. Even if polluted air does not kill us, it can make us very sick. It may do more than hurt your body. Breathing dirty air can also in uence your brain and your ability to think. It is true whether you believe or not.
A new study shows that air pollution can in uence our intelligence (智力) — cause a “huge” reduction in our intelligence. The study was carried out by researchers at Peking University and Yale University. Xi Chen of the Yale School of Public Health led the study.
The study performed for a long period. The researchers studied about 25,000 people from across China. The youngest people in the study were 10 years old, while the oldest was 90. They came from 25 of China’s 34 provinces (省) with different air levels. These Chinese men, women and children were given language and math tests during the study. Then researchers compared the test results with levels of pollution in the air. They found that breathing polluted air can reduce a person’s education level by about one year.
Xi Chen told that there are two main parts in the brain—white matter and gray matter. He said, “Air pollution has a great effect on the white matter, and white matter is more connected with a person’s language skills. So, that’s why language skills are more affected.” He also noted other studies have shown, “However gray matter is connected to our ability to solve math problems.”
Chen suggests government to make serious changes. “We need to support in cleaning up the sky instead of using in short-term avoidance, for example the face masks or air filters (过滤).”
6．What can in uence your brain and your ability to think
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7．Where was the new study carried out
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8．How many people did the researchers study from across China
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9．Why are language skills more affected than math
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10．What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about
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Students Hit High Speeds in Self-Driving Car Race
On October 23 last year, the Indy Autonomous Challenge(IAC) was held. Race cars ran around the track(跑道) at high speeds—with no one driving them.The race took place at the Indianapolis Motor Speedway, which is famous for its Indianapolis 500 race. But the Indy Autonomous Challenge(IAC), was quite a bit different from that.
Many big companies are working to develop self-driving cars. These companies have huge teams of highly trained professionals(专业人士). They’ve spent years developing and testing their cars and software. However, that wasn’t true for the nine teams of college students that took part in the IAC．
To keep things fair, each team was given exactly the same kind of car—a Dallara IL-15. It’s a car that’s built like a real race car, but smaller. The teams also got the same tools to help the cars figure out where they were and what was going on.
Instead of a driver, of course, each car had a computer. The challenge was for each team to create a software program that would allow their car to safely race around the track in record time.
It was too hard for the cars to race together. Instead, each car raced by itself, doing several laps(圈). After a few warm-up laps, the cars did two speed laps, as fast as they could go. The teams were judged on the average(平均的) speed of those two speed laps.
TUM Autonomous Motorsport, a team from the Technical Universityof Munich, won the $1 million prize with its two-lap average speed of 135.944 mph(218.78 kph). Race car driver Ricardo Juncos says, “As a driver, I know how challenging it is to drive a race car and how many things you have to think about. It is amazing.”
11．Where did the IAC take place
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12．Who took part in the IAC
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13．What things were given to the different teams to keep fair
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14．How were the teams judged in the race
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15．Do you think the race is helpful to the development of self-driving cars Why or why not
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When much of the world shut down due to COVID-19, a family of four living in New York, decided to bring home six baby chicks. The plan was to raise them to provide the family with fresh eggs. What they hadn’t expected was the bond (情感纽带) that would form between these chicks and their nine-year-old daughter, Sophie.
Sophie fell in love with the baby chicks the moment they came home. She named the chicks Trixie, Bearty, Sweet Pea, Speedie, Captain Flint, and Adrian. She spent much of her time playing with them, reading to them, and even making them their own cardboard houses. She was even upset when her parents wouldn’t allow the chicks to sleep in her bed with her. “They’re really cute and warm. I like to hug them,” said Sophie, “Bearty is my favorite. She likes to go for a walk with me.”
The six chicks served as a distraction (分心的事物) during a time of loneliness and disease, but as the world began to settle into its new normal and the chicks grew into full-grown chickens, the bond continued to grow. Sophie liked to bring a chicken with her wherever her parents would allow. She even dressed as a giant chicken for Halloween and brought Trixie along for trick or treat. The chickens kept Sophie company during her online classes, and even joined in on the family photo. The bond between Sophie and these chickens was unbreakable.
However, the beloved Captain Flint died suddenly because of an accident. Sophie was heartbroken.
She mourned (哀悼) by painting Captain Flint and wearing a necklace with a photo of the chicken. “Her chickens are teaching her about love, loss, and pain. Sophie has handled it well,” said Sophie’s mom, “In a few short months, these chickens have taught us to relax, accept situations we can’t change, and find joy where we can. They’ve brought us comfort during uncertain times and changed our lives. We are thankful.”
16．Why did the family bring home the chicks
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17．When did Sophie fall in love with the chicks
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18．What did Sophie dress as for Halloween
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19．How did Sophie mourn for Captain Flint
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20．What is the last paragraph mainly about
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On March 2, 2022, world leaders at the 5th meeting of the United Nations Environment Assembly （UNEA）reached a historic agreement to solve the problems of plastic. They agreed that by 2024, they would create and sign a new treaty （条约）on plastics. The new treaty would create international laws that could help bring plastic waste under control.
Because plastic is useful for so many purposes, it has become a part of nearly all areas of our lives. It’s hard to look anywhere without things made of plastic. It’s reported that now 400 million tons of plastic is produced every year. By 2040, the number is expected to double. Although there’s a lot of talk about recycling, only 9% of all the plastic ever created has been recycled.
Almost all kinds of plastic are made from some kind of oil. It gives off dangerous gases（气体）when it’s produced and also when it’s burned or buried（掩埋）in the ground. Scientists say plastics are responsible for 4.5% of the world’s greenhouse gases.
Plastic doesn’t break down like natural materials, such as wood. Instead, it just breaks into smaller and smaller pieces, and finally tiny bits of plastic called microplastics. In recent years, microplastics have been found almost everywhere, from the North Pole to Antarctica, from the top of the Earth’s tallest mountain to the deepest point in the sea. They’ve even been found in the bodies of animals including humans.
The treaty is expected to cover the whole plastic “life cycle”, including making it, reusing it, recycling it, and getting rid of （处理）it. The treaty will also cover how to deal with microplastics in the oceans, on land, and in the things we eat. It is expected to lay out rules to get rid of single-use plastics as well.
Deciding on the specific rules and goals that will go in the treaty will probably be difficult. The treaty is likely to require all countries to take their own steps to meet the treaty’s goals, and offer poorer countries money to help them meet the goals.
21．How much plastic is produced every year now
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22．When does plastic give off dangerous gases
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23．What does plastic finally become when it breaks down
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24．What does the whole plastic “life cycle”include
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25．What do you think of the idea of creating the new treaty on plastics Why do you think so
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Cars powered by gasoline were sold for many years before hybrid vehicles (混合动力车) that use gasoline, electricity, and solar energy. Car companies are now making cars that are fully powered by electricity only. How do these electric cars measure up to (符合标准) traditional gasoline cars
Electric and gasoline vehicles look similar on the outside.They have very different parts under their hoods (引擎盖), though. Electric cars have one main moving part: the motor. But gas cars have hundreds of parts, often requiring frequent maintenance (保养). Having fewer parts makes the electric car cheaper to maintain and less likely to have mechanical problems.
Electric vehicles are energy efficient, also making them cheaper to operate. It costs about＄1.00 to travel 43 miles in an electric car, which is a clear contrast to a gas car, which costs about 1.25 to go 18 miles. Basically, an electric car can go twice as far as a gas car for the same price.
Electric vehicles do not have tailpipe emissions (废气排放), making them more friendly to the environment, too.
While some details make electric cars seem attractive, other details aren’t as favourable. For example, some electric cars can travel only 60 to 120 miles on a full charge (充电). Most gas cars can drive hundreds of miles on a full tank.
An electric car has to stop more often to get recharged.Therefore, a gas car would be a better option (选择) if you have far to drive. And electric cars aren’t as convenient to power up as gas cars are.There are plenty of gas stations, but not many charging stations for electric cars.Then, once an electric car reaches a charging station, it can take up to six hours to charge.
There are certainly benefits to both electric cars and gasoline cars.It’s good to know that there is an option.
26．What kind of cars are car companies making now
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27．How many miles can electric cars travel on a full charge according to the passage
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28．How long can it take up to charge when an electric car reaches a charging station
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29．What benefits do electric cars have
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30．Which do you like better, gas cars or electric cars Why
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Eating Disorders
An eating disorder is a kind of illness in which a person does not eat in a normal or healthy way.
In the United States, restrictions for COVID-19(新冠管控) are loosening, however eating disorder cases are on the rise. Experts warn that being alone and feeling anxious can increase the harmfulness of eating disorders.
“We are certainly seeing great increases,” said Jennifer Wildes who is an associate psychiatry professor (精神病学副教授) at the University of Chicago Medicine. She told the reporter that some patients are waiting to five months to get mental health treatment and medical cares. Before COVID-19, she added, wait times were usually only a few weeks. Recently, Wildes’ program treats about 100 patients. Before COVID-19, the number of patients was half that number.
Another treatment program for eating disorders at the University of Minnesota is experiencing the same thing. Daily calls to its program from people asking for treatment have doubled. In 2019, there were about 60 calls a day. “Since COVID-19 began, that number is up to 130 calls a day,” said Jillian Lampert, who is one of the leaders of the program.
Because of COVID-19, some people make themselves eat a lot as a way to deal with the feeling of “out of control”. Other people are doing the opposite of things. They are taking the message of “don’t gain COVID-19 weight” too strictly. They are reducing their meals to the point of anorexia(厌食症). Bulimic (贪食) is also a kind of eating disorder. Bulimic people eat large amount of food and then force themselves to throw it up.
A study of electronic medical records from about 80 U. S. hospitals found a 30 percent increase of eating disorder starting after March 2020, compared with numbers from 2018 and 2019. The leader of the study, Dr. Dave Little said that the COVID pandemic has given society, and in particular young people, a lot of mental health difficulties.
Here are some signs of eating disorder from the U. S. National Eating Disorders Organization.
◎Thinking about weight, body size, and food too much.
◎Seem uneasy eating around others.
◎Restrictions against types of food, for example, bread or sugar.
◎Avoiding usual friends and social activities.
◎Extreme change in mood and behavior.
31．What is an eating disorder
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32．What can increase the harmfulness of eating disorders
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33．How many patients does Wildes’ program treat recently
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34．What are bulimic people like
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35．What do you think of eating disorders What will you do
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A swan
A retired postman from Turkey and a beautiful white swan have been always together for nearly forty years, and the story of their friendship has warmed the hearts of millions.
In 1984 Recep Mirzan was in a car with a group of friends, when he saw a swan that appeared to have a broken wing in an empty field.
Mirzan quickly realized that leaving the bird there was the same as signing its death sentence, as meat-eating animals would have most likely eaten it, so he stopped the car and took the bird with him. He kept it in the car until evening, when he took it home and started nursing it back to health.
“Since I love animals, I said to myself that I should take her home instead of leaving her as dinner to foxes,” Mirzan said, “We got used to each other. We never separated.”
Even after the swan’s broken wing healed (痊愈), it didn’t try to fly away. Instead, it acted as a friend to the other animals on Recep’s farm, and decided to stick around. Recep named her Garip and now she has been with him ever since.
“She comes when I call. Since 1984, she has never left me, not even during the river floods,” the retired postman said. “She used to be stronger, but she has grown old now. If she dies, I will make her a nice grave (墓穴) here, but I hope we live more together.”
During the day, she is busy following her human friend around, either during his daily chores, or on his evening walks.
After his wife died a few years ago, Recep Mirzan started spending more time with his animals, and since he has no human children, he regards Garip as his child.
36．Who found a swan with a broken wing
_______________________
37．Why did the man take the swan home
_______________________
38．What did the swan do when her broken wing healed
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39．How long has the swan lived with the man
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40．What do you think of the man
_______________________
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Sparing time, showing care
Jacob was a driver sent to pick me up for a three-hour drive. I needed to go to inland (内陆) Mexico, where I would be working.
As we were driving, he started to tell me his story. He shared that since the COVID-19 he had to change jobs. He was then spending six days a week in a town with more work, away from his family.
He said the name of his hometown, “Nah Bok”. On his only day off, he rode three different buses for five hours there and back so he could have time with his family.
My father worked away when I was young. Sometimes for weeks or months at a time. I remember us kids back then, waiting for our turns to have just a few minutes on the phone with him.
After two hours into our drive, when I saw a sign saying Nah Bok, I asked him if that was where his family lived. He said, “Yes, it is about 5 kilometers down the road.”
I said, “Why don’t we stop and say hello ” He looked at me like I was crazy or joking. I repeated it seriously. He obviously didn’t want to get in any trouble. He was hesitant (犹豫的). He asked if I was sure. I absolutely was. What was 30 minutes out of my day when this man had to spend five hours getting home each time
As we pulled over, his wife was chatting on the side of the road with her mother. They were excited to see him. All of their children came out and I got to hear a little bit about each of their lives.
Slow down and listen to people’s stories. Take time when you can to give a gift to somebody else, even if it’s just your time.
用英语回答下列问题：
41．Why did I go to inland Mexico
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42．How many days did Jacob work in a week
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43．How could I talk with my father when he was away from home
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44．What did Jacob think about my words
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45．What did the writer want to tell us
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Today, our currency (货币) is a mixture of metal coins and paper money, but it wasn’t always that way. Before metal coins and paper bills existed (存在), people used a lot of unusual things to buy what they needed. In one part of the world, for example, people used the sharks’ teeth for money, while in another place, rare seashells were money.
There are many fantastic facts about the history of money. Bright feathers were the lightest money used by people on a Pacific island. Stones were the heaviest money and some weighed over 500 pounds. Greece used a lot of metal coins which were smaller than apple seeds. They were the smallest money ever used.
No one knows for sure when people started using metal coins for money. Scientists have found coins dating from 600 BC, so we know they have been around for a long time. At first people used the precious metals, such as gold and silver to make coins. In the 1200s, people in China used iron (铁) coins for their currency. These coins weren’t worth very much, so people had to use a lot of them to make their purchases (购买物). Because iron coins were inconvenient, the government started printing paper bills. People took these bills to banks and traded them in for coins. This is the first example we have of paper money.
Today, most countries use a mixture of coins and paper bills for their currency. In some countries, the paper bills are all the same size and color. In many others, the bills come in various sizes and colors. This makes it easier for people to tell the value of their money.
In 2002, twelve European countries started using a completely new currency. It’s called the euro. Many Europeans miss their old currencies, but now it is easier to move money from one country to another.
46．What did people use to buy things before metal coins and paper bills existed
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47．What was the lightest money ever used on a Pacific island
_________________________________________________________________________
48．When did China use iron coins for their currency
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49．Why did many countries use bills in various sizes and colors
_________________________________________________________________________
50．What is the passage mainly talking about
_________________________________________________________________________
参考答案：
1．The spirit of sharing joy, thanks, love, or peace.
2．The harvest festival.
3．Because of the development of modem society and the spread of new ideas.
4．The reason why festival are an important part of society.
5．I think it does more harm than good, because it makes it easy for young people to compare with others.
【导语】本文主要介绍了人类节日的重要性，多样性，以及随着时间它的变化和意义。
1．根据第一段“ However, no matter how different they may seem, all over the world, the spirit of sharing joy, thanks, love, or peace is common in all festivals.”可知，无论它们看起来有多么不同，在世界各地，分享欢乐、感谢、爱或和平的精神在所有节日中都很普遍，故答案为The spirit of sharing joy, thanks, love, or peace.
2．根据第二段“Of all the traditional festivals, the harvest festival can be found in almost every culture.”可知，在所有的传统节日中，收获的节日几乎存在于每一种文化中，故答案为The harvest festival.
3．根据第三段“Customs play an important role in festivals, but sometimes they can change over time because of the development of modem society and the spread of new ideas.”可知，由于现代社会的发展和新思想的传播，习俗会随着时间的推移而改变，故答案为Because of the development of modem society and the spread of new ideas.
4．根据最后一段“They show… They help…”可知，这一段主要是说节日是社会的重要组成部分的原因，故答案为The reason why festival are an important part of society.
5．本题为个人观点题，即表达出个人观点即可。对于节日正变得越来越商业化，我认为它弊大于利，因为它使年轻人很容易与他人进行比较，故答案为I think it does more harm than good, because it makes it easy for young people to compare with others.
6．Breathing dirty air can influence our brain and your ability to think.
7．The study was carried out at Peking University and Yale University.
8．The researchers studied about 25,000 people from across China.
9．Because white matter is more connected with a person’s language skills, air pollution has a great effect on the white matter in the brain, but not the gray matter.
10．How the study was performed in China.
【导语】本文主要介绍了空气污染影响人们的教育水平和语言以及数学能力。
6．根据“Breathing dirty air can also in uence your brain and your ability to think”可知，呼吸污浊的空气也会影响你的大脑和思考能力，故填Breathing dirty air can influence our brain and your ability to think.
7．根据“The study was carried out by researchers at Peking University and Yale University”可知，这项研究是由北京大学和耶鲁大学的研究人员进行的，故填The study was carried out at Peking University and Yale University.
8．根据“The researchers studied about 25,000 people from across China”可知，研究人员研究了来自中国各地的约2.5万人，故填The researchers studied about 25,000 people from across China.
9．根据“Air pollution has a great effect on the white matter, and white matter is more connected with a person’s language skills. So, that’s why language skills are more affected…However gray matter is connected to our ability to solve math problems”可知，因为白质与一个人的语言能力联系更紧密，空气污染对大脑中的白质有很大影响，但对灰质没有影响，故填Because white matter is more connected with a person’s language skills, air pollution has a great effect on the white matter in the brain, but not the gray matter.
10．通读第三段可知，此段介绍了这项研究是如何在中国进行的，故填How the study was performed in China.
11．At the Indianapolis Motor Speedway.
12．Nine teams of college students.
13．A Dallara IL-15.
14．On the average speed of those two speed laps.
15．Yes. Because it can make more big companies work to develop self—driving cars.（答案不唯一）
【导语】本文介绍了自动驾驶汽车比赛IAC，并介绍了自动驾驶汽车的开发及比赛的规则等。
11．根据“On October 23 last year, the Indy Autonomous Challenge(IAC) was held…The race took place at the Indianapolis Motor Speedway, which is famous for its Indianapolis 500 race.”可知，IAC汽车挑战赛在印第安纳波利斯汽车赛道举行。故填At the Indianapolis Motor Speedway.
12．根据“However, that wasn’t true for the nine teams of college students that took part in the IAC.”可知，九组大学生参加了IAC。故填Nine teams of college students.
13．根据“To keep things fair, each team was given exactly the same kind of car—a Dallara IL-15.”可知，为了公平起见，每个团队都得到了完全相同的汽车——达拉腊伊尔-15。故填A Dallara IL-15.
14．根据“The teams were judged on the average(平均的) speed of those two speed laps.”可知，车队的成绩是根据这两圈的平均速度来评定的。故填On the average speed of those two speed laps.
15．开放性试题，言之有理即可。故填Yes. Because it can make more big companies work to develop self-driving cars.（答案不唯一）
16．To raise them to provide the family with fresh eggs.
17．The moment they came home.
18．A giant chicken.
19．By painting Captain Flint and wearing a necklace with a photo of the chicken.
20．What the chicken teach the family.
【导语】本文讲述了一家四口饲养了六只小鸡，起初目的是养大这些小鸡，为家人提供新鲜的鸡蛋，没想到女儿Sophie与它们培养了很深厚的感情，并且这些小鸡也教会了一家人爱，失去和痛苦，还有接受不能改变的事情。
16．根据“The plan was to raise them to provide the family with fresh eggs”可知，目的是养大它们，为家人提供新鲜的鸡蛋，故填To raise them to provide the family with fresh eggs.
17．根据“Sophie fell in love with the baby chicks the moment they came home”可知，这些小鸡一回家，苏菲就爱上了它们，故填The moment they came home.
18．根据“She even dressed as a giant chicken for Halloween and brought Trixie along for trick or treat”可知，在万圣节打扮成一只巨大的鸡，故填A giant chicken.
19．根据“She mourned (哀悼) by painting Captain Flint and wearing a necklace with a photo of the chicken”可知，她画了“弗林特船长”以示哀悼，还戴了一条印有那只鸡照片的项链，故填By painting Captain Flint and wearing a necklace with a photo of the chicken.
20．根据“In a few short months, these chickens have taught us to relax, accept situations we can’t change…”可知，最后一段讲述的是这些小鸡教会了家人什么，故填What the chicken teach the family.
21．400 million tons.
22．When it’s produced and also when it’s burned or buried in the ground.
23．Microplastics.
24．It includes making it, reusing it, recycling it, and getting rid of it.
25．I think it is necessary. Because the problems of plastic is very serious.
【导语】本文介绍了UNEA要制定一个条约来解决全球塑料问题。
21．根据“It’s reported that now 400 million tons of plastic is produced every year.”可知每年产生4亿吨塑料。故填400 million tons.
22．根据“It gives off dangerous gases（气体）when it’s produced and also when it’s burned or buried（掩埋）in the ground.”可知当塑料生产出来、燃烧、掩埋到地下时，会产生有害气体。故填When it’s produced and also when it’s burned or buried in the ground.
23．根据“Instead, it just breaks into smaller and smaller pieces, and finally tiny bits of plastic called microplastics.”可知塑料会分解成越来越小的碎片，最后变成微小的塑料碎片，称为微塑料。故填Microplastics.
24．根据“The treaty is expected to cover the whole plastic ‘life cycle’, including making it, reusing it, recycling it, and getting rid of （处理）it. ”可知条约包括如何制造、再利用、回收和处理塑料。故填It includes making it, reusing it, recycling it, and getting rid of it.
25．自由发挥题，合理即可。我认为这是必要的。因为塑料的问题非常严重。故填I think it is necessary. Because the problems of plastic is very serious.
26．They are making cars that are fully powered by electricity only.
27．Only 60 to 120 miles.
28．It can take up to six hours to charge.
29．They have fewer parts, which makes the electric car cheaper to maintain and less likely to have mechanical problems, and they are energy efficient, cheaper to operate and more environmentally friendly.
30．I like electric cars, because they are environmentally friendly.
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了电动汽车和汽油汽车的对比，阐述了他们的相似之处和不同之处以及优缺点。
26．根据第一段“Car companies are now making cars that are fully powered by electricity only.”可知，汽车公司现在正在生产完全由电力驱动的汽车。故填They are making cars that are fully powered by electricity only.
27．根据第五段“some electric cars can travel only 60 to 120 miles on a full charge.”可知，一些电动汽车在充满电的情况下只能行驶60到120英里。故填Only 60 to 120 miles.
28．根据第六段“Then, once an electric car reaches a charging station, it can take up to six hours to charge.”可知，一旦电动汽车到达充电站，充电需要长达六个小时。故填It can take up to six hours to charge.
29．根据第二段“Having fewer parts makes the electric car cheaper to maintain and less likely to have mechanical problems.”，第三段“Electric vehicles are energy efficient, also making them cheaper to operate.”和第四段“Electric vehicles do not have tailpipe emissions (废气排放), making them more friendly to the environment, too.”可知，电动汽车零部件更少，维护成本更低，出现机械问题的可能性也更小。电动汽车是节能的，也使其运行成本更低。电动汽车没有尾气排放，因此对环境也更加友好。可知电动汽车零件少，维护成本低，出现问题可能性小，节能，成本低，并且环保。故填They have fewer parts, which makes the electric car cheaper to maintain and less likely to have mechanical problems, and they are energy efficient, cheaper to operate and more environmentally friendly。
30．开放性作答，回答个人观点及原因，言之有理即可。参考答案为I like electric cars, because they are environmentally friendly.
31．It is a kind of illness in which a person does not eat in a normal or healthy way.
32．Being alone and feeling anxious can increase the harmfulness of eating disorders.
33．About 100 patients.
34．Bulimic people eat large amount of food and then force themselves to throw it up.
35．I think eating disorders are harmful to health and should be treated in time. And I will call on the society to pay more attention to this problem.
【导语】本文主要介绍了饮食失调这种疾病。
31．根据“An eating disorder is a kind of illness in which a person does not eat in a normal or healthy way.”可知饮食失调是指一个人的饮食不正常或不健康的一种疾病。故填It is a kind of illness in which a person does not eat in a normal or healthy way.
32．根据“Experts warn that being alone and feeling anxious can increase the harmfulness of eating disorders.”可知独处和焦虑会增加饮食失调的危害。故填Being alone and feeling anxious can increase the harmfulness of eating disorders.
33．根据“Recently, Wildes’ program treats about 100 patients.”可知最近治疗了大约100个人，故填About 100 patients.
34．根据“Bulimic (贪食) is also a kind of eating disorder. Bulimic people eat large amount of food and then force themselves to throw it up.”可知暴食症患者吃大量食物，然后强迫自己呕吐。故填Bulimic people eat large amount of food and then force themselves to throw it up.
35．开放性作答，结合文章，言之有理即可，参考答案为I think eating disorders are harmful to health and should be treated in time. And I will call on the society to pay more attention to this problem.
36．Recep Mirzan.
37．He was afraid meat-eating animals would have most likely eaten it and he loved animals.
38．She didn’t fly away. Instead, it acted as a friend to the other animals on Recep’s farm, and decided to stick around.
39．For 38 years.
40．He is kind.
【导语】本文主要讲述了一个退休邮递员救了一只受伤的天鹅，此后他们成为了好朋友。
36．根据“In 1984 Recep Mirzan was in a car with a group of friends, when he saw a swan that appeared to have a broken wing in an empty field.”可知Recep Mirzan发现了那只受伤的天鹅。故填Recep Mirzan.
37．根据“Mirzan quickly realized that leaving the bird there was the same as signing its death sentence, as meat-eating animals would have most likely eaten it, so he stopped the car and took the bird with him.”以及“Since I love animals”可知因为肉食动物很可能会吃掉它，而且他爱动物，所以他停下车把这只鸟带走了。故填He was afraid meat-eating animals would have most likely eaten it and he loved animals.
38．根据“it didn’t try to fly away. Instead, it acted as a friend to the other animals on Recep’s farm, and decided to stick around.”可知它没有试图飞走，相反，它充当了雷杰普农场里其他动物的朋友，并决定留下来。故填She didn’t fly away. Instead, it acted as a friend to the other animals on Recep’s farm, and decided to stick around.
39．根据“Since 1984, she has never left me”可知他们一起生活了38年。故填For 38 years.
40．从文章可知，Recep Mirzan救助了一只受伤的天鹅，说明他非常善良。故填He is kind.
41．Because I would be working there.
42．Six days.
43．I talk with my father by waiting for my turn to have just a few minutes on the phone with him.
44．He thinks I was crazy or joking.
45．The writer wants to tell us to slow down and listen to people’s stories. Take time when we can to give a gift to somebody else, even if it’s just our time.
【导语】本文主要讲述了作者和司机聊天时，了解到司机远离家人外出工作，于是在路过司机家乡的时候，让司机停车去和家人团聚的故事。
41．根据“I needed to go to inland (内陆) Mexico, where I would be working.”可知，我需要去墨西哥内陆，我将在那里工作。故填Because I would be working there.
42．根据“He was then spending six days a week in a town with more work, away from his family.”可知，他每周有六天要在一个小镇上工作，故填Six days.
43．根据“I remember us kids back then, waiting our turns to have just a few minutes on the phone with him.”可知，我记得我们小时候，排队等着和他打几分钟电话。故填I talk with my father by waiting for my turn to have just a few minutes on the phone with him.
44．根据“He looked at me like I was crazy or joking.”可知，他认为我好像疯了或是在开玩笑，故填He thinks I was crazy or joking.
45．根据“Slow down and listen to people’s stories. Take time when you can to give a gift to somebody else, even if it’s just your time.”可知，作者建议我们慢下来，听听别人的故事，当你可以给别人礼物的时候，花时间给别人，即使只是你的时间。故填The writer wants to tell us to slow down and listen to people’s stories. Take time when we can to give a gift to somebody else, even if it’s just our time.
46．A lot of unusual things.
47．Bright feathers.
48．In the 1200s.
49．Because it is easier for people to tell the value of their money.
50．The history of the currency.
【导语】本文主要介绍了钱的历史。
46．根据第一段“Before metal coins and paper bills existed, people used a lot of unusual things to buy what they needed.”可知，在金属硬币和纸币出现之前，人们用很多不寻常的东西来购买他们需要的东西，故答案为A lot of unusual things.
47．根据第二段“Bright feathers were the lightest money used by people on a Pacific island.”可知，明亮的羽毛是太平洋岛屿上人们使用的最轻的货币，故答案为Bright feathers.
48．根据第三段“In the 1200s, people in China used iron coins for their currency.”可知，在13世纪，中国人使用铁币作为货币，故答案为In the 1200s.
49．根据倒数第二段“In many others, the bills come in various sizes and colors. This makes it easier for people to tell the value of their money.”可知，在许多其他地方，钞票有各种大小和颜色，这使得人们更容易判断他们的钱的价值，故答案为Because it is easier for people to tell the value of their money.
50．通读全文，根据第二段“There are many fantastic facts about the history of money.”可知，本文主要介绍了钱的历史，故答案为The history of the currency.