北师大版(2019）高中英语必修第一册Unit 2 Reading Club-Martial Arts 武术课件 （19）（29张PPT）

(共29张PPT)
定语从句
Grammar
The Attributive Clause
什么是定语
他是一位真正的耕耘者。当他还是一个乡村教师的时候，已经具有颠覆世界权威的胆识；当他名满天下的时候，却仍然只是专注于田畴。淡泊名利，一介农夫，播撒智慧，收获富足。他毕生的梦想，就是让所有人远离饥饿。喜看稻菽千重浪，最是风流袁隆平！
He is a genuine cultivator.
When he was a rural teacher, he had already owned courage and insight to redefine the world authority.
Although he has gained applause from the whole world, he is a person who still devotes himself to nothing but working the land.
“Money is nothing;fame is burden” best defines him, a simple farmer. He sows the seeds of wisdom and harvests abundance.
His dream is to make all the people stop suffering starvation.
How joyous it is to see the barleys waving in the breeze!
How distinguished and admirable is our farming pioneer, Yuan Longping!
定语可以由单词、短语、非谓语或从句等担当，对先行词（名词、代词）修饰限定。
定语从句之结构
Yuan Longping who devoted himself to promoting the output of hybrid rice was awarded the Medal of the Republic.
先行词
定语从句
引导词/关系词
定语从句之结构
Yuan Longping devoted himself to promoting the output of hybrid rice， which made people moved.
非限制性定语从句
先行词
引导词/关系词
先行词：被修饰的名词或者代词
关系词：1. 连接作用
2. 充当成分
3. 指代先行词
定语从句之结构
定语从句
分类
限定性定语从句
非限定性定语从句
(that、why不可用)
结构
先行词+关系词+定语从句
关系词
关系代词
关系副词
指人的关系代词:that/who/whom/whose_
指物的关系代词:that/which/whose/as
时间：when_
地点：where
原因：why_
关系代词的用法---that
1. Paul didn’t know he’d soon get the chance that he’d been waiting for.
2. Paul was a basketball player that had a strong desire to play for the team.
that 既可以指物也可以指人，在定语从句中充当主语、宾语或表语，做宾语时可以省略。
关系代词的用法---which
1. When we weren’t playing on the court which was next to our building, we were watching a game on TV.
2. All the extra hours which he had spent practicing alone paid off .
which指物，在定语从句中充当主语、宾语，做宾语时可以省略。
关系代词的用法---who
1. Paul’s favourite player was Tyrone Bogues, a guy who played for the Charlotte Hornets.
2. The man who I was sitting next to on the bench was Paul.
who指人，在定语从句中充当主语、宾语，做宾语时可以省略。
关系代词的用法---whom
1. Our parents are the people whom we should tend to.
2. The man whom I was sitting next to on the bench was Paul.
whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，做宾语时可以省略。
关系代词的用法---whose
1. The Bears, a team whose record this season had been perfect.
2. Zhang Tian is a volunteer teacher whose story is recorded in the textbook.
whose既可以指物又可以指人，在定语从句中充当定语。
关系代词的用法---as
1. As people often say, any exercise is better than none.
2. As is known to us all, Yuan Longping makes great contributions to people all over the world.
as位于句首时，引导非限制性定语从句，意为“正如、恰如”，且常常为固定表达。
关系代词的用法---as
as引导非限制性定语从句常见结构有
as is well known/ is known to all
as has been said before
as has been already pointed out
as we all can see
as is expected/ hoped/ supposed
as is often the case
……
众所周知
如前所述
正如已经指出的
正如我们所看到的
正如所盼望的/希望的/料想的
情况常常如此
只能用that不能用which的情况
eg：Do you know the things and persons that they are talking about
1. 先行词既有人又有物时，
eg：Is there anything that you want to say about this matter
All that you can do is to study harder.
2. 先行词为all, everything,something,anything,little, much, few,some, any等不定代词时，
eg：This is the most important thing that I learned from him.
The first person that I met in that party is my husband now.
3. 当先行词被形容词最高级或者是序数词修饰时，
只能用that不能用which的情况
eg：This is the very book that I have been looking for several days.
It is the only thing that I am interested in.
4. 当先行词被the very, the only, the same, the last修饰时
eg：Who is the man that is talking to him
Which is the book that you borrowed from the library
5. 当主句是以who或which开头的特殊疑问句时，
只能用which不能用that的情况
eg：Bogues was only 1.6 metres tall, which made him the shortest player ever in the NBA.
1. 在非限制性定语从句中,
eg：There are a number of books in which you are interested.
I will never forget the time during which I spent my childhood in the country.
2. 关系代词前有介词时，
只能用whom不能用who的情况
eg：There was no person to whom she could turn for help in the dark street.
1. 关系代词前有介词时，
小试牛刀
(1) This is the very thing ________ I can do to solve the difficult problem.
(2) In our factory there are 2000 staff, two thirds of _______ are females.
(3) When they met again, the two friends talked about lots of things and persons _________ they could remember in the next school.
(4) He is working hard, _______ will make him pass the final exam.
(5) Besides, anybody _____ is feeling down can go for a run to cheer themselves up.
(6) This is the company in _______ my father once worked.
that
that
whom
which
who
which
the way做先行词的特殊情况
eg：The way that/in which/不填 he explained the sentence to us was not difficult to understand.
1. 当the way在定语从句中做状语时，用that/in which/不填做关系词
eg：The way that/which/不填 he explained to us was not difficult to understand.
2. 当the way在定语从句中做宾语时，用that/which/不填做关系词
小试牛刀
(1) What surprised me was not what he said but the way ________________he said it.
(2) Can you tell me the way _________________ the professor likes most.
(3) They are looking for the way ______________ is the most beneficial to our health.
that/which/不填
that/in which/不填
that/which
定语从句关系代词总结：
关系代词 先行词 在句子中的所做成分
that
which
who
whom
whose
as
人、物
物
人
人
人、物
人、物
主语、宾语、表语
主语、宾语
主语、宾语
宾语
定语
主语、宾语
小试牛刀
(1) He was still usually on the bench, being just a replacement, ________ was really tough on him.
(2) You are also somebody ________ worries about getting sick.
(3) The Chinese migrants used to gather in a park to enjoy cultural activities---one of _______ was kung fu.
(4) This is the third apple _______ she has eaten in the afternoon.
(5) He lives in a house _______ windows face the north.
(6) This is the best film ________ I have ever seen.
(7) That’s all ________ I know about the young man living next door.
(8) She is also a girl _______________ teachers often praise.
(9) _____ is often the case, he shouts when he gets angry.
which
who
which
that
whose
that
that
whom/who/that
As
关系副词的用法---when
1. I will never forget the time when I spent my childhood in the country.
2. We live in an age when information is easier to get than before.
when 指物，在定语从句中充当时间状语。
关系副词的用法---where
1. The village where Zhang Tian worked becomes better and better.
2. It is helpful to put children in a situation where they can see them differently.
where指物，在定语从句中充当地点状语。
当先行词为表示抽象地点的名词situation, case, stage, point, spot等，且关系词在定语从句中充当状语时，用where做关系词。
关系副词的用法---why
2. The reason why Zhang Tian chose to be a volunteer is that he wanted a new lifestyle .
1. The reason why Joe calls himself a digital native is that he has been using the computer since he was a child.
why指物，在定语从句中充当原因状语。
小试牛刀
(1) When I first came to the club, _______ I met many strangers, I missed my parents very much.
(2) I remember the day ______ I first came to Jinxiu.
(3) In the square ___________ many senior citizens were dancing, I found the kids were playing games.
(4) We have entered into an age _______ dreams have the best chance to come true.
(5) He explained to the teacher the reason _________ he was late for class.
where
when
where
when
why
定语从句关系副词总结：
关系副词 先行词 在句子中的所做成分
when
where
why
物
物
物
时间状语
地点状语
原因状语
衔接高考
(1) （2022年全国甲卷）On the 1,100. Kilometer journey, the man Cao Shengkang, ______ lost his eyesight at the age of eight in a car accident, crossed 40 cities and counties in three province..
(2) （2022年全国乙卷）They often run at high speeds, ______ may put our lives in danger.
(3) (2022年北京卷)That includes cups, bottles, and bags, most of _______ are only good for one use.
(4) （2021年浙江1月卷） BMI is an internationally recognized measurement tool ________gives an indication of whether someone is a healthy weight.
(5) （2020年全国I卷）China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot ______ it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth.
who
which
which
which
where
衔接高考
(6) （2020年新课标Ⅲ卷）In ancient China lived an artist ________ paintings were almost lifelike.
(7) （2019年全国卷II）Now Irene Asbury works from 9 am to 5pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield, ________ she opened with her husband.
(8) （2018年全国卷I）They also had a small pond ________ they raised fish.
(9) （2020年全国卷III）Understanding her good intentions, I eat all the food_______ is provided by mom with appreciation.
(10) （2019年全国卷I）One afternoon ______ I was in primary school, I was walking by the school playground.
(11) （2019年北京）The students benefitting most from college are those _________ are totally engaged（参与）in academic life, taking full advantage of chances and recources.
whose
which
where
that
when
who
语法衔接写作
(1) （2019年全国卷II）我给你写信的目的是邀请你参加下周六在我们学校举办的音乐节。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
(2) （2018年浙江卷）我写信申请我们学校英语协会所提供的职位。
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
(3) （2019年浙江卷）我很感谢你为提高我的英语所做的一切。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
(4) （2014年辽宁）任何想参加这个活动的同学都可以联系我。
____________________________________________________________
I’m wiring to invite you to take part in the music festival that will be hosted in our school next Saturday.
I’m writing to apply for the position which is offered by our school English Association.
I am grateful to you for everything that you did to improve my English.
Anyone who wants to engage in the drive can contact me.