2023届高三英语一轮复习虚拟语气课件-(21张ppt)

(共21张PPT)
Subjunctive Mood in If-clauses
If从句中的虚拟语气
01
02
03
Definition
Usage
Exercise
Definition
语气
虚拟语气
祈使语气（发出请求或命令）Rabbit, eat the carrot!
陈述语气 （陈述事实）The rabbit ate the carrot.
表示说话人所说的话并不是_____，
而是一种主观_____、_____、_____
或_____等。
事实
愿望
假设
推测
If I were a rabbit, I would eat the carrot.
怀疑
情景1：与现在事实相反
If I were you, I would work hard.
If I worked hard, I might have money.
If I had enough money, I would buy a new car.
对现在的虚拟
If 从句谓语形式
主句谓语形式
did/were
过去式
would/should/could/
might + do
Usage 1
情景1：与现在事实相反
对现在的虚拟
If 从句谓语形式
主句谓语形式
did/were
过去式
would/should/could/
might + do
Usage 1
Practice：要是我有时间的话，我肯定会和你一起去看电影的。
If I had time, I would certainly go to the movie with you.
情景2：与过去事实相反
对过去的虚拟
If 从句谓语形式
主句谓语形式
had done
would/should/could/
might + have done
If I had studied hard, I could have passed the test.
If he had followed my advice, he would have passed
the exam.
Usage 2
情景2：与过去事实相反
对过去的虚拟
If 从句谓语形式
主句谓语形式
had done
would/should/could/
might + have done
Usage 2
Practice：要是我们没有早起，我们就错过火车了。
If we had not got up early, we would have missed the train.
情景3：与将来事实相反
对将来的虚拟
If 从句谓语形式
主句谓语形式
①should +do
would/should/could/
might + do
If I were to meet Peter some day, I would shake hands with him.
If Eason Chan should come here tomorrow, I would talk to him.
If there were a heavy snow tomorrow, we would go skating.
③did/were
②were to +do
Usage 3
情景3：与将来事实相反
对将来的虚拟
If 从句谓语形式
主句谓语形式
①should +do
would/should/could/
might + do
Practice：假如她嫁给约翰，她会快乐的。
If she were to marry John, she would be happy.
③did/were
②were to +do
Usage 3
情景4：错综时间条件句（主句和从句按实际情况使用谓语形式）
错综时间复杂虚拟
If 从句谓语形式
主句谓语形式
对现在/将来would/should/could/might + do
If you had studied hard before, you would be a college student now.
If it had rained last night, it might be very cold today.
If you hesitated at this moment, you might regret in the future.
对过去 had done
对现在 did/were
Usage 4
错综时间的虚拟句
通常情况下,在非真实条件句中主句和从句的谓语动词所指时间是一致的, 但有时也可能指不同的时间,这时要根据上下文的意思采用不同的谓语动词形式.
1. If I were you, I would have taken his advice. (从句指现在, 主句指过去)。
2. If I had taken my raincoat with me this morning, I would not be wet now. (从句指过去,主句指现在)。
3. If we hadn’t been working hard in the past few years, things wouldn’t be going so smoothly.
（从句指过去，主句指现在）。
4. If the weather had been more favorable, the crops would be growing still better.（从句指过去，主句指现在）。
5. If we had not got everything ready by now, we should be having a more terrible time tomorrow. （从句指现在，主句指将来）
情景4：错综时间条件句（主句和从句按实际情况使用谓语形式）
错综时间复杂虚拟
If 从句谓语形式
主句谓语形式
对现在/将来would/should/could/might + do
Practice：要是我今天早上带了伞，现在就不会被淋湿了。
If I had taken my umbrella with me this morning, I would not be wet now.
对过去 had done
对现在 did/were
Usage 4
条件句中有were, had, should时，可省略if, 把were, had, should放在主语前。
e.g. If I were in your place, I wouldn’t do that.
= Were I in your place, I wouldn’t do that.
If I had refused your help, I would have made a bad mistake.
= Had I refused your help, I would have made a bad mistake.
If you should need any help with the car, feel free to call us.
= Should you need any help with the car, feel free to call us.
虚拟语气的倒装句
Usage 5
名词性从句的虚拟语气。
主要是表示命令、要求、建议的虚拟语气。
宾语从句。常见动词：
一个坚持：insist
两个命令：order, command
三个建议：advise, suggest, propose
五个要求：demand , require, request, desire, ask
这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气用法。即从句中的动词 使用should + 动词原形，或者将should省略。
Usage 6
我们建议Tom 去休息一下。
他坚决要求我到场。
国王命令囚犯明天要实施死刑。
他们要求我们派他们去那儿工作。
We suggested that Tom (should)have a rest.
He insisted that I (should )be present.
The king ordered that the prisoners (should)be killed the next day.
They requested that we (should) send them to work there.
Usage 6
虚拟语气在：在宾语从句中
注意:insist / suggest 各有两意思，要用不同的语气
① 表“坚决要求”,虚拟, should + do;
②表“坚称,坚持说”,陈述语气,表事实。
①表“建议”，虚拟, should + do;
②表“表明、暗示” ，用陈述语气。
The teacher suggested that we ______________ more after class. （我们课后多练习）
The look on her face suggested that she ________happy.
He insisted that all of us ___________there on time by any means. （我们大家想尽办法按时去那儿）
He insisted that he _____________ the wallet(没有偷钱包).
insist
suggest
(should) practise
was
should be
didn’t steal
Usage 6
以上动词相应的名词构成的名词性从句包括主语从句，表语从句和同位语从句也要使用虚拟语气。从句中的动词形式一样。
即：(should)＋V.
order, advice, suggestion, proposal, demand, request, desire
Usage 6
It’s suggested that the plan (should)be carried out.
My demand(n.) is that she (should) come to see me once a week.
All of us are for the advice(n.) that the chemical factory (should) be closed down.
Usage 6
Usage 7
有时，虚拟语气的从句中，主、从句可以省略其中的一个，来表示说话人的强烈感情。
（1）省略从句
(If he had told to hand it out today, )He would have finished it.
他本该完成了。
(If you had reviewed the lessons well,)You could have passed the exam.
你本能通过这次考试的。
Usage 7
有时，虚拟语气的从句中，主、从句可以省略其中的一个，来表示说话人的强烈感情。
（2）省略主句
If I were at home now, (I would have dinner.)
要是我现在在家里多好啊。
If only I had got it, (I would have used it to purchase what I want.)
我要是得到它了该多好啊。
1. If I ____ (have) time now, I _____________(attend) the meeting.
2. If he ___________(call) me tomorrow, I _________(let) him know.
3. If it_____(be) Sunday tomorrow, I _________ (visit) my friends.
4. If I ________(get) there earlier, I _______________ (meet) her.
5. If I _____(be) you, I _________(go)with them.
6. If I ________ (see) the film, I _______________ (tell) you about it.
7. If you ___________(take) my advice, you__________(be) much better now.
8. If Tom ____________(visit) me next Monday, I _____________ (have) dinner with him.
9. If you _____________(receive) 6 more votes, he _________ (be) our chairman now.
had
would attend
should call
would let
were
would visit
had got
would have met
were
would go
had received
would have told
had taken
would be
were to visit
would have
had seen
would be
Exercise