人教版（2019）必修1 Unit 4 NATURAL DISASTERS Section D 同步课件 共117页PPT
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(共117张PPT)
Unit 4 NATURAL DISASTERS
Section D
人教版（2019）必修1 高一（上）
目 录
目录
01
课文预习必读
02
长难句分析
03
教材预习梳理与自测
04
重难点全解
课 文 预 习 必 读
课文预习必读
01
课 文 预 习 必 读
【教材原文】
The Daily News
TSUNAMI HITS ASIA: OVER 6,500 DEAD
By Robert Woodhouse Monday,27 December 2004
The most powerful earthquake in the past 40 years caused a tsunami that crashed① into coastlines across Asia yesterday,killing more than 6,500 people in Indonesia②,India, Thailand③, Malaysia④,and at least four other countries. Fishermen, tourists,hotels, homes, and cars were swept away⑤ by huge waves⑥ caused by the strong earthquake that reached a magnitude of 9. 0.The undersea quake struck⑦ around 7: 00 a.m.,Sunday off⑧ the west coast of Indonesia's Sumatra Island⑨ . In that area alone, at least 1,870 people were killed.
课 文 预 习 必 读
【词汇注释】
① crash／kr f／vt.＆vi.碰撞；撞击n.撞车；碰撞＊crash into 撞倒·····
② Indonesia /, nd 'ni:3 / 印度尼西亚；
③ Thailand／＇tail nd／泰国；
④ Malaysia／m ＇lei3 ／ 马来西亚；
⑤ sweep away 消灭；彻；
*sweep/swi:p/vt.&vi. （swept，swept）打扫；清扫；
⑥ wave／werv／n.海浪；波浪vi.＆vt.挥手；招手 ＊huge waves 巨浪；
⑦ strike /straik/ vi.& vt. (struck,struck/stricken) 侵袭；突击；击打n.罢工；罢课；袭击
⑧ off prep.（时空上）离，距；⑨Sumatra /su'ma:tr / Island 苏门答腊岛
课 文 预 习 必 读
【汉语译文】
每日新闻
海啸袭击亚洲：6500余人丧生
罗伯特·伍德豪斯
星期-2004年12月27日
昨日，40年来最为强烈的地震引发海啸，重创（crash）亚洲沿海地带，造成印度尼西亚（Indonesia）、印度、泰国（Thailand）、马来西亚（Malaysia） 和至少其他四个国家的6500多人死亡。渔民、游客、酒店、住房和汽车都被9.0级强震所引发的巨浪（wave）卷走（sweepaway）。海啸巨浪由周日上午7：00许发生在印度尼西亚苏门答腊岛（Sumatra Island） 西岸附近海域的海底地震引发（strike）。仅该地区就有至少1870人死亡。
课 文 预 习 必 读
【教材原文】
In Sri Lanka, some⑩ 1,600 kilometres west of the quake centre, the number of deaths stood at 2,498,and one million more were affected by the tsunami, government officials said. Indian officials said as many as 1, 900 had been killed along the southern coast. Another 254 were found dead in Thailand and 54 in three other countries. In southern Thailand, 1,900 people were hurt and many more were missing , local officials said. “I was having breakfast with my three children when water started filling my home. We had to leave everything and run to safety ,”said Chandra Theeravit ,a local Thai woman.
课 文 预 习 必 读
【词汇注释】
⑩ some adv.（＝about）大约；差不多；
stand at 达到特定水平（或数量、高度等）；
be affected by 受..... 影响；
official n.官员 adj.官方的；正式的＊government officials 政府官员；
missing adj. (=lost) 失踪的；
local adj. 当地的n.当地人；
safety n.安全处所；
Chandra Theeravit ／＇tfa：ndr ＇θitr vit／钱德拉·特拉维；
课 文 预 习 必 读
【汉语译文】
政府官员称，在斯里兰卡，震中以西约1600千米处，死亡人数高达2498人，另有100多万人受到海啸的影响。印度官员称，南部海岸地区有多达1900人丧生。泰国另有254人死亡，其他三个国家有54人丧生。当地官员表示，泰国南部有1900人受伤，失踪人数则更多。泰国当地的一位妇女钱德拉·特拉维（ChandraTheeravit）说：“当时我和三个孩子正在吃早饭，海水开始灌入屋内。我们只好扔下一切，跑到安全地带。”
课 文 预 习 必 读
【教材原文】
Thousands of people are still missing, and the number of deaths is expected to grow even higher over the next few days. Foreign aid is being organised' for the tsunami-hit countries. However, dangerous conditions and damaged roads will make it difficult to deliver food and supplies.
课 文 预 习 必 读
【词汇注释】
expect vt.预计，预料‘
even adv.更（程度副词）＊常用来修饰比较级的程度副词（短语）还有still,far,any,much,a lot等。
deliver /dr'lrv (r)/ vt. & vi.递送；传达vt.发表
【汉语译文】
仍有成千上万人失踪，预计未来几天死亡人数还将增加。目前正在为这些受灾国家组织国外援助。然而，由于条件险恶和道路受损，食物运送（deliver）和物资补给将非常困难。
长 难 句 分 析
长难句分析
02
长 难 句 分 析
1. The most powerful earthquake..caused a tsunami that crashed into coastlines... yesterday, killing more than 6, 500 people...
that引导宾语从句
现在分词短语作结果状语
＊that crashed into...是关系代词that引导的定语从句，对a tsunami加以修饰和限制，that在定语从句中作主语。killing morethan...是现在分词短语作结果状语。注意：现在分词短语作结果状语是表示自然而然的结果，不定式作结果状语（only／just to do...）则表示出乎意料的结果。
长 难 句 分 析
2. Fishermen...and cars were swept away by huge waves caused by the strong earthquake that reached a magnitude of 9.0.
过去分词短语作后置定语
that引导定语从句
＊caused by...是过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰huge waves。其中又包含一个由关系代词that引导的定语从句，对earthquake 进行修饰和限制，that在该定语从句中作主语。
长 难 句 分 析
3. Indian officials said as many as 1,900 had been killed along the southern coast.
＊had been killed是过去完成时的被动语态，其构成是“had＋been＋及物动词的过去分词”。
长 难 句 分 析
4. I was having breakfast with my three children when water started filling my home.
＊be doing sth.when...是固定句式，意思是“正在做某事，这时····”。
长 难 句 分 析
5. Foreign aid is being organised for the tsunami-hit countries.
＊is being organised是现在进行时的被动语态，其构成是“am／is／are＋being＋及物动词的过去分词”。
长 难 句 分 析
6. However,dangerous conditions and damaged roads will make it difficult to deliver food and supplies.
＊ make it difficult to deliver food and supplies 是“make＋it＋宾补＋to do sth.”结构，其中it是形式宾语，形容词 difficult作宾补， 后面的不定式短语 to deliver...是真正的宾语。
教材预习梳理与自测
教材预习梳理与自测
03
词块梳理与背诵（英汉互译）
① make a safety list of _____；
② remember to do sth. （ remember doing sth.记得做过某事）_____；
③ go to a(n)...space away from..._____；
④ tap on a pipe or whistle for help _____；
⑤ a cute dog _____；
⑥ _____ 防止它们变成灾难;
⑦ _____ [=stop/prevent...(from) doing sth.］阻止·····做某事
⑧ _____ 坚持；
⑨ _____ 用双手捂住头（cover...with...)；
⑩ _____ 幸运儿；
词块梳理与背诵（英汉互译）
give instructions _____；
first of all _____；
call an emergency number _____；
stay/keep calm _____；
have an emergency kit prepared ( have sth. done)
__________；
_____ 应急物资；
_____ 准备急救箱；
_____ 被困在一幢被毁的建筑物里；
_____ 持有；现有；随手可取；
_____ 建议准备足够的水和食物（suggest doing sth.）
词块梳理与背诵（英汉互译）
release a new report（release vt. 公开；公布；发布）___ the most powerful earthquake _____；
in the past 40 years _____；
crash into _____；
sweep away _____；
_____强震所引发的巨浪（caused by...是过去分词短语作后置定语）；
_____ 达到······的震级；
_____ 海底地震大约在上午7点发生；
_____ 在······西海岸附近（onthe west coast of 在······西海岸）；
_____ 死亡人数高达···
词块梳理与背诵（英汉互译）
be affected by _____； as many as _____;
be doing..when... _____； run to safety _____;
over the next few days _____;
_____ 正在被组织（be being done：现在进行时的被动语态）
_____ 使食物运送和物资补给变得困难;
_____ 为·····写一份摘要;
_____ 注意；重视； _____ ……三分之一的长度；
the key supporting points _____；
give feedback on _____；
put up your summary _____；
put up _____；
词块梳理与背诵（英汉互译）
【答案】
① 列一个······的安全清单；② 记住要做某事③ 去一个远离·····的······地方；
④ 轻敲管道或吹口哨寻求帮助；
⑤ 一只可爱的狗；
⑥ keep themfrom becoming disasters； ⑦ keep...from doing sth. ；
⑧ hold on；
⑨ cover your head with your hands；
⑩ a lucky dog；
给予指导；给予指示；发号施令；
首先；第一；开始时；起初
【答案】
打紧急电话； 保持冷静；
准备应急包；
the emergencysupplies；
prepare first aid kit；
be trapped in a destroyed building
keep/have...on hand；
suggest having on hand enough water and food；
发布新闻报道； 最强烈的地震；
在过去的40年里；
撞上；撞向；闯入；猛撞；
词块梳理与背诵（英汉互译）
【答案】
消灭；彻底消除；
huge waves caused by the strong earthquake；
reach a magnitude of ；
the undersea quake strikes around 7 :00 a.m. ；
off the west coast of；
the number of deaths stand at．．．；
受······的影响；被······打动；
多达；和······一样多；
正在做······，这时······；
【答案】
跑到安全地带； 在接下来的几天里 is／are being organised；
make it difficult to deliver food and supplies； write a summary for；
pay attention to；
one third the length of．．．；
关键支持点； 给·····反馈；
张贴你的摘要；
举起；搭建；提高；张贴；悬挂；推举；供给······住宿
构词法梳理与背诵-转化法构词
① _____ n.电力供应；能量；力量；控制力→v.驱动，推动（机器或车辆）；（使）迅猛移动，快速前进
② _____ vi.＆vt.轻叩；轻敲；轻拍→n.水龙头；轻叩；轻敲
③ __n.管子；管道→v.用管道输送；用线路系统传输（或传送）
④____vi.吹口哨；发出笛声 vt.吹口哨→n.哨子（声）；呼啸声
⑤ _____ adj.镇静的；沉着的→vt.使平静；使镇静
⑥ _____ n.成套工具；成套设备→vt.装备
⑦ ___n.援助；帮助；救援物资→vi.＆vt.（formal）帮助；援助⑧ _____ vt.＆vi.碰撞；撞击→n.撞车；碰撞→adj.应急的；速成的
⑨ _____ n.海浪；波浪→vi.＆vt.挥手；招手
⑩ ____- vi.＆ vt.（struck，struck／stricken）侵袭；突击；击打→n.罢工；罢课；袭击
_____ n.影响；结果；效果→vt.使发生；实现；引起
构词法梳理与背诵-派生法构词
power n.电力供应；能量；力量；控制力→ _____ adj.强有力的；强大的
emergent adj.新兴的；处于发展初期的→____n.突发事件；紧急情况
calm adj.镇静的；沉着的→ _____ adv.平静地；镇静地；冷静地
sweep vt.＆vi.（swept，swept）打扫；清扫→_____ n.打扫者；清扫者；清洁工
deliver vt.＆vi.递送；传达vt.发表→ _____ n.传送；递送；交付；分娩
summary n.总结；概括；概要→ _____ v.总结；概括；概述（等于summarize）
long adj.长的→ _____ n.长；长度
构词法梳理与背诵-派生法构词
【答案】
① power；② tap；③ pipe；④ whistle；
⑤ calm；⑥ kit；⑦ aid；⑧ crash；⑨ wave ⑩ strike； effect； powerful；
emergency； calmly； sweeper；
delivery； summarise； length
课 文 原 创 自 测
【课文阅读理解】
① When did the tsunami happen
A.At around 7:00 a.m.,27 December 2004.
B.At around 7:00 p.m.,27 December 2004.
C.At around 7:00 a.m.,26 December 2004.
D.At around 7:00 p.m.,26 December 2004.
②What caused the tsunami
A.A drought.
B.A flood.
C.A volcanic eruption.
D.An earthquake.
课 文 原 创 自 测
【课文阅读理解】
③ In _____, the number of people who were killed in the tsunami was the largest.
A.Indonesia B.Sri Lanka C.India D.Thailand
④ Why would it be difficult to deliver food and supplies to the tsunami-hit countries
A.There were no enough trucks.
B. It was still raining heavily.
C. The people in these areas were not willing to accept these food and supplies.
D.The roads to these areas were blocked.
课 文 原 创 自 测
【课文语法填空】
The Daily News
TSUNAMI HITS ASIA:OVER 6,500 DEAD
By Robert Woodhouse Monday,27 December 2004
The most powerful earthquake in the past 40 years caused a tsunami that crashed into coastlinss across Asin yesterday, __5__ (kill)more than 6,500 people in Indonesia, India, Thailand, Malaysia,and at least four other countries,Fishermen, __6__ (tourist), hotels, homes,and cars were swept away by huge waves __7__ (cause)by the strong earthquake that reached a magnitude of 9. 0.The undersea quake struck around 7:00 a. m.,Sunday off the west coast of Indonesia's Sumatra Island. In that area alone, at least 1,870 people __8__(kill).
课 文 原 创 自 测
【课文语法填空】
In Sri Lanka, some 1,600 kilometres west of the quake centre, __9__ number of deaths stood at 2,498, and one million more were affected by the tsunami, government officials said. Indian officials said as many as 1,900 had been killed along the southern coast. Another 254 __10__ (be)found dead in Thailand and 54 in three other countries. In southern Thailand,1,900 people were hurt and many more were __11__ (miss), local officials said. “I __12__ (have) breakfast with my three children when water started filling my home. We had to leave everything and run to safety,”said Chandra Theeravit, a local Thai woman.
Thousands of people are still missing, and the number of deaths is expected to grow even __13__ (high)over the next few days. Foreign aid is being organised for the tsunami-hit countries. However, dangerous conditions and damaged roads will make __14__ difficult to deliver food and supplies.
课 文 原 创 自 测
【答案】
①~④ CDBD；⑤ killing；⑥ tourists；⑦ caused；⑧ were killed；⑨ the；⑩ were； missing； was having； higher； it；
重 难 点 全 解
重难点全解
04
重 难 点 全 解
power n．（1）电力供应；能量；力量（2）能力；控制力（3）政权；统治（→powerful adj.强有力的；强大的）
(1) eg：You can't make a machine work without power supply. 没有电力供应，机器就不能运转。
（2）eg： It is not within my power to help you．我是爱莫能助啊
eg：I will do everything in my power to help you.
我将尽全力帮助你
eg：Not that I don't want to help you, but that it's beyond my power to do so. 并不是我不想帮你，而是我能力有限。
1. Go to an open space away from buildings, trees, or power lines.
到一个开阔的地方，远离建筑物、树木或电线。
重 难 点 全 解
power n．（1）电力供应；能量；力量（2）能力；控制力（3）政权；统治（→powerful adj.强有力的；强大的）
(2) eg：Words have the power to build us up and tear us down. 语言有能力塑造我们，也有能力摧毁我们。
(3)eg：The present government came to power last year.
现政府是去年上台的。
eg：They are hoping to return to power. 他们希望重掌政权。
1. Go to an open space away from buildings, trees, or power lines.
到一个开阔的地方，远离建筑物、树木或电线。
重 难 点 全 解
power n．（1）电力供应；能量；力量（2）能力；控制力（3）政权；统治（→powerful adj.强有力的；强大的）
【词块背诵】（1）nuclear／wind／solar power 核能／风能／太阳能；power failure 停电；power station／plant 发电站
（2）within one＇s power 在某人能力范围之内；
do everything in one＇s power to do sth. 尽全力做某事；
beyond／out of one＇s power 某人能力所不能及；
have the power to do sth.有能力做某事；
power of speech 说话能力；
1. Go to an open space away from buildings, trees, or power lines.
到一个开阔的地方，远离建筑物、树木或电线。
重 难 点 全 解
power n．（1）电力供应；能量；力量（2）能力；控制力（3）政权；统治（→powerful adj.强有力的；强大的）
【词块背诵】（3）take／seize／lose power掌握／夺取／失掉政权；come to power 掌握政权，得势，上台执政（短暂性动词短语，强调动作）；be in power执政；当权（强调状态）；have sb.in one＇s power 能支配某人；
【词义辨析】power，strength，force 与energy
power指权力、势力或影响力。
strength指人的体力，也可指强项、长处。
force强调暴力、武力等。energy主要指人的精力或能源。
1. Go to an open space away from buildings, trees, or power lines.
到一个开阔的地方，远离建筑物、树木或电线。
重 难 点 全 解
【单句语法填空】
① He said he was very sorry because it was _____ his power tomake the final decision.
② A new party has come _____ power.
③ He also promised to do everything _____ his power to enforce （强制执行）trade agreements.
④ The media has a _____ (power) influence on public opinion.
⑤ Some animals have the power _____ (see ) in the dark.
1. Go to an open space away from buildings, trees, or power lines.
到一个开阔的地方，远离建筑物、树木或电线。
重 难 点 全 解
【翻译句子】
⑥ 知识就是力量。
_____________________________________________________.
【完成句子】
⑦ 该政党已经执政两年了。
The party _____ for two years.
⑧他丧失了说话能力。
He lost _________.
⑨与即时攻击的力量相比，沉默的力量要大得多。
__________ is much greater compared with that of instant attack.
1. Go to an open space away from buildings, trees, or power lines.
到一个开阔的地方，远离建筑物、树木或电线。
重 难 点 全 解
【答案】
① beyond；② to；③ in；④ powerful；
⑤ to see 表示做某事的能力时，power后通常接不定式作定语。
⑥ Knowledge ispower；⑦ has been in power；
⑧ the power of speech；⑨The power of silence
1. Go to an open space away from buildings, trees, or power lines.
到一个开阔的地方，远离建筑物、树木或电线。
重 难 点 全 解
emergency n.突发事件；紧急情况 emergent adj.新兴的；处于发展初翔的
eg：The government has declared a state of emergency following the earthquake.
地震发生后政府已宣布进入紧急状态。
eg：My mother once gave me a special number to call in case I run into an emergency.我的母亲曾经给我一个特殊的号码，让我万一遇到紧急事件就拨打它。
2. Call an emergency number．打紧急电话。
eg：The government had to take emergency action.
政府只得采取紧急措施。
eg：Exit immediately from the nearest emergency exit; do not use a lift.
立即从最近的紧急出口撤离，不要乘坐电梯。
重 难 点 全 解
emergency n.突发事件；紧急情况 emergent adj.新兴的；处于发展初翔的
【词块背诵】
the emergency exit 紧急出口；
the emergency call 紧急呼叫；
the emergency room／ward 急救室；
the emergency button 紧急按钮；
the emergency personnel 应急人员；
2. Call an emergency number．打紧急电话。
【词块背诵】
the emergency department 急诊科
the emergency system 应急系统
emergent nations／states 新兴民族／国家
重 难 点 全 解
【单句语法填空】
① They told her to stay still until the _____ (emergent) personnel arrived, but she thought the car was going to explode.
【翻译句子】
②这道门只应在紧急情况下使用。(in an emergency)
__________________________________.
2. Call an emergency number．打紧急电话。
重 难 点 全 解
【答案】
① emergency；
② This door should only be used in an emergency.
2. Call an emergency number．打紧急电话。
重 难 点 全 解
calm （1）adj．镇静的；沉着的；无风的；风平浪静的
【搭配】keep／stay／remain calm 保持镇静；保持冷静；
eg：It is important to keep calm in an emergency.
情况紧急的时候，保持镇静是重要的。
eg：The teacher's voice still remaimed calm even if she was getting annoyed.即使这位老师生气了，她的声音仍然很平静。
eg：The sky is blue， and the lake is calm.
天空碧蓝，湖面风平浪静。
3. Stay calm．保持镇静。
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calm （2）vt．使平静；使镇静
【搭配】calm（sb.）down（使某人）平静下来，镇静下来；
eg：The situation calmed down. 局势平静了。
eg：Would you please calm the children down They're too excited. 你能让那些孩子安静下来吗？他们太兴奋了。
【词语积累】
calmness n.平静；镇静；冷静 return to calmness 恢复平静
calmly adv.平静地；镇静地；冷静地
3. Stay calm．保持镇静。
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calm （2）vt．使平静；使镇静
【词义辨析】calm，still，quiet 与silent
（1）calm既可指天气、海洋等的平静状态，又可指人的镇定沉着、不慌乱。
eg：You should stay calm even in an emergency.
即使在紧急情况下你也应保持镇静。
（2）still表示站、坐、躺的姿势静止、不动。
eg：Keep still.The photographer is ready.保持不动。
摄影师准备好了。
3. Stay calm．保持镇静。
重 难 点 全 解
calm （2）vt．使平静；使镇静
【词义辨析】calm，still，quiet 与silent
（3）quiet 表示人的外表安静或性情稳定；也指没有喧闹、活动或骚乱的寂静状态。
eg：Please keep the kids quiet. 请让孩子们安静点。
（4）silent指沉默不语。
eg：He was silent for a moment and then left.
他沉默了一会儿，然后离开了。
3. Stay calm．保持镇静。
重 难 点 全 解
【单句语法填空】
① Calm yourself _____ ; there is no need to feel upset about it.
【单句语法填空】
②The excited football fans managed _____ (calm) down at last.
【单句语法填空】
③ _____ (calm ) of mind is one of the beautiful jewels of wisdom.
【单句语法填空】
④ “I'll call the doctor,”he said _____ (calm).
3. Stay calm．保持镇静。
重 难 点 全 解
【翻译句子】
⑤ 他的平静使我吃惊。
______________________________.
【选词填空】calm，still，quiet，silent
⑥ In the face of danger,you must keep___ ; when you have a photo taken, you should stay ___ ; while someone else is asleep,you ought to remain ___ ; in class you can't be ___ about the teacher's questions.
【答案】
① down；② to calm；③ Calmness； ④ calmly；
⑤ Iwas amazed by his calmness.
⑥ calm；still；quiet；silent
3. Stay calm．保持镇静。
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on hand
现有（尤指帮助）
eg：The emergency services were on hand with medical advice.
随时都有急诊服务，并提供医疗咨询。
on hand
【词块背诵】
（1）in hand 在手头；在处理中；at hand 在手边；即将到来；可能很快发生；
by hand手工；（信件）亲手交付，由专人递送；
hand in hand 手拉手地；联合；
shake hands 握手；
on hand
【词块背诵】
give／lend a helping hand 伸出援助之手；帮助；
on the one hand...on the other hand...一方面······另一方面····；
hand in上交;提交; hand out 分发；
hand over 交出；移交； hand on 移交；传递下去；
4. ...explain what emergency supplies people should keep on hand.······解释人们应该准备哪些应急物资。
重 难 点 全 解
on hand
（2）hand in上交；提交 hand out 分发；
hand over 交出；移交； hand on 移交；传递下去；
on hand
【词块背诵】
（1）in hand在手头；在处理中；at hand 在手边；即将到来；可能很快发生；
by hand手工；（信件）亲手交付，由专人递送；
hand in hand 手拉手地；联合；
on hand
【词块背诵】
shake hands 握手；
give／lend a helping hand 伸出援助之手；帮助；
on the one hand...on the other hand...一方面······另一方面····；
4. ...explain what emergency supplies people should keep on hand.······解释人们应该准备哪些应急物资。
【词块背诵】
重 难 点 全 解
【单句语法填空】
① I am sorry we do not have any of the kind _____ hand.
② _____ the one hand,producers would reduce confidence to us; on the other hand,without profit, our company cannot survive.
【单句语法填空】
【答案】
① on；② On；③ in；④ in；
③ Technology and business strategy go hand _____ hand.
④ I'm supposed to have handed _____ a first draft of my paper.
4. ...explain what emergency supplies people should keep on hand.······解释人们应该准备哪些应急物资。
重 难 点 全 解
5. The most powerful earthquake in the past 40 years caused a tsunami that crashed into coastlines across Asia yesterday．．．昨日，40 年来最为强烈的地震引发海啸，重创亚洲沿海地带·····
crash（1） vt．＆vi．碰撞；撞击；（使）猛撞（2）n．撞车；碰撞；（倒下、破碎等突然的）碰撞声
（1）eg：The cars crashed into each other．
小汽车轰然相撞。
eg：The elephant crashed through the forest.
大象冲进了森林。
eg：She was frightened that the plane would crash.
她害怕飞机会坠毁。
重 难 点 全 解
5. The most powerful earthquake in the past 40 years caused a tsunami that crashed into coastlines across Asia yesterday．．．昨日，40 年来最为强烈的地震引发海啸，重创亚洲沿海地带·····
crash（1） vt．＆vi．碰撞；撞击；（使）猛撞（2）n．撞车；碰撞；（倒下、破碎等突然的）碰撞声
（2）eg：The car hit the tree with a crash．
汽车轰隆一声撞到了树上。
eg：Her best friend was seriously hurt in a car crash.
她最好的朋友在一次汽车撞车事故中受了重伤。
重 难 点 全 解
5. The most powerful earthquake in the past 40 years caused a tsunami that crashed into coastlines across Asia yesterday．．．昨日，40 年来最为强烈的地震引发海啸，重创亚洲沿海地带·····
crash（1） vt．＆vi．碰撞；撞击；（使）猛撞（2）n．撞车；碰撞；（倒下、破碎等突然的）碰撞声
【词块背诵】
crash a car／bus 撞汽车／公共汽车
crash through 撞毁；闯入
crash into／onto sth. 撞到某物上
a car／plane crash 汽车撞车事故／飞机失事
重 难 点 全 解
【单句语法填空】
① Her car crashed ____ the rear of a van.
【完成句子】
②下了几天大雨后，屋顶伴着一声巨响，坍塌在地。
After several days of heavy rain the roof came down with a loud noise,__________.
③她的母亲死于一次飞机失事。
Her mother was killed __________.
5. The most powerful earthquake in the past 40 years caused a tsunami that crashed into coastlines across Asia yesterday．．．昨日，40 年来最为强烈的地震引发海啸，重创亚洲沿海地带·····
重 难 点 全 解
【答案】
① into; ② crashing onto the ground;
③ in a plane crash；
5. The most powerful earthquake in the past 40 years caused a tsunami that crashed into coastlines across Asia yesterday．．．昨日，40 年来最为强烈的地震引发海啸，重创亚洲沿海地带·····
重 难 点 全 解
6. Fishermen, tourists, hotels, homes, and cars were swept away by huge waves caused by the strong earthquake that reached a magnitude of 9.0．渔民、游客、酒店、住房和汽车都被9.0级强震所引发的巨浪卷走。
sweep vt.＆ vi.（swept，swept）打扫；清扫；突然袭来；迅速传播
eg：Any doubts have been swept away. 一切怀疑早已完全消除。
eg：A wave of tiredness swept over her. 她感到浑身疲惫。
eg：The showroom has been emptied and swept clean.
陈列室已经清理出来，打扫干净了。
eg：This room needs to be well swept out.
这个房间需要好好清扫一番。
重 难 点 全 解
6. Fishermen, tourists, hotels, homes, and cars were swept away by huge waves caused by the strong earthquake that reached a magnitude of 9.0．渔民、游客、酒店、住房和汽车都被9.0级强震所引发的巨浪卷走。
sweep vt.＆ vi.（swept，swept）打扫；清扫；突然袭来；迅速传播
eg：Memories came sweeping back.往事倏地又浮现在脑海中。
eg：Rumours swept through the company.传言在全公司传播开了。
【词块背诵】sweep away 消灭；彻底消除；
sweep the floor 清扫地板；扫地；
sweep aside 对······置之不理；不理会；全然无视；
sweep out打扫干净，清扫干净；
sweep through 席卷；轻易通过；
重 难 点 全 解
【单句语法填空】
① We clean the house and sweep _____ bad luck.
② We will sweep _____ all difficulties and continue to advance.
③ John thought that he would fail his driving test again, but this time, to his own surprise,he swept ____.
【完成句子】
④他们所有的忠告全被当成了耳边风 All their advice was _____.
6. Fishermen, tourists, hotels, homes, and cars were swept away by huge waves caused by the strong earthquake that reached a magnitude of 9.0．渔民、游客、酒店、住房和汽车都被9.0级强震所引发的巨浪卷走。
重 难 点 全 解
【答案】
① away；
② aside；
③ through；
④swept aside
6. Fishermen, tourists, hotels, homes, and cars were swept away by huge waves caused by the strong earthquake that reached a magnitude of 9.0．渔民、游客、酒店、住房和汽车都被9.0级强震所引发的巨浪卷走。
重 难 点 全 解
6. Fishermen, tourists, hotels, homes, and cars were swept away by huge waves caused by the strong earthquake that reached a magnitude of 9.0．渔民、游客、酒店、住房和汽车都被9.0级强震所引发的巨浪卷走。
wave （1）n．海浪；波浪；心潮；风潮；挥手
【搭配】a wave of一波·····，一阵······ 搭配；radio waves 无线电波；give sb.a wave 向某人挥手；
eg：Huge waves were breaking on the shore.巨浪拍打着海岸。
eg：Children were playing in the waves. 孩子们在海浪中嬉戏。
eg：A wave of fear swept over him.一阵恐惧传遍他的全身。
eg：A wave of panic spread through the crowd.一阵恐慌传遍人群
eg：Guilt and horror flooded her in waves.
歉疚和恐惧一阵阵涌上她的心头。
重 难 点 全 解
6. Fishermen, tourists, hotels, homes, and cars were swept away by huge waves caused by the strong earthquake that reached a magnitude of 9.0．渔民、游客、酒店、住房和汽车都被9.0级强震所引发的巨浪卷走。
wave （2）vi．＆vt．挥手；招手；挥舞，挥动（手中之物）
【搭配】wave to/at 向……挥手；wave sth. at sb. 向某人挥动某物；
wave sb. goodbye/wave goodbye to sb. 跟某人挥手道别；
eg：Crowds lined the route, waving flags and cheering.
人群沿路线排成行，挥舞着旗子欢呼。
eg：Why did you wave at him？你为什么向他招手？
eg：The people on the bus waved and we waved back.
公共汽车上的人挥手致意，我们也向他们挥手。
eg：My mother was crying as I waved her goodbye/waved goodbye to her. 我向母亲挥手告别时她哭了。
重 难 点 全 解
【单句语法填空】
① We waved _____ our teacher and he waved back.
② The stranger spoke rapidly, _____ (wave) his arms about.
③ He waved goodbye _____ his friends when he boarded the train.
【单句语法填空】
④ The president waved _____ the crowd from the steps of the plane.
⑤ It＇s partly thathis writings rode a wave _____ social, political and scientific progress.
6. Fishermen, tourists, hotels, homes, and cars were swept away by huge waves caused by the strong earthquake that reached a magnitude of 9.0．渔民、游客、酒店、住房和汽车都被9.0级强震所引发的巨浪卷走。
重 难 点 全 解
【完成句子】
⑥ She was so angry that she didn't ___________（跟我们挥手道别）.
【答案】
① to／at；② waving；③ to；
④ to/at；⑤ of；
⑥ wave us goodbye/wave goodbye to us；
6. Fishermen, tourists, hotels, homes, and cars were swept away by huge waves caused by the strong earthquake that reached a magnitude of 9.0．渔民、游客、酒店、住房和汽车都被9.0级强震所引发的巨浪卷走。
重 难 点 全 解
6. Fishermen, tourists, hotels, homes, and cars were swept away by huge waves caused by the strong earthquake that reached a magnitude of 9.0．渔民、游客、酒店、住房和汽车都被9.0级强震所引发的巨浪卷走。
过去分词（短语）作定语
过去分词作定语时，相当于形容词，其逻辑主语就是它所修饰的名
词或代词。它所修饰的名词、代词与之构成被动关系。
eg：We must adapt our thinking to the changed conditions.
我们必须调整思路来适应改变了的情况。
该句中的过去分词changed意为“改变的”，在句中作定语，用以修饰名词conditions“条件”。
重 难 点 全 解
6. Fishermen, tourists, hotels, homes, and cars were swept away by huge waves caused by the strong earthquake that reached a magnitude of 9.0．渔民、游客、酒店、住房和汽车都被9.0级强震所引发的巨浪卷走。
过去分词（短语）作定语
【用法归纳】
①单个的过去分词作定语时，常常置于其所修饰的名词前；而过去分词短语作定语时，常常置于其所修饰的名词之后。
eg：The injured workers are now being taken good care of in the hospital. 受伤的工人现在在医院受到良好的照料。
（该句中的过去分词injured“受伤的”相当于形容词，用以修饰名词workers，在句中用作定语。）
重 难 点 全 解
6. Fishermen, tourists, hotels, homes, and cars were swept away by huge waves caused by the strong earthquake that reached a magnitude of 9.0．渔民、游客、酒店、住房和汽车都被9.0级强震所引发的巨浪卷走。
过去分词（短语）作定语
【用法归纳】
①单个的过去分词作定语时，常常置于其所修饰的名词前；而过去分词短语作定语时，常常置于其所修饰的名词之后。
eg：Who were the so-called guests invited to your party last night
昨晚被邀请参加你的聚会的那些所谓的客人是谁呀？
（该句中的过去分词短语 invited...用以修饰名词 guests，在句中作后置定语。此时该句可以与Who were the so-called guests that had been invited to your party last night？互换。）
重 难 点 全 解
6. Fishermen, tourists, hotels, homes, and cars were swept away by huge waves caused by the strong earthquake that reached a magnitude of 9.0．渔民、游客、酒店、住房和汽车都被9.0级强震所引发的巨浪卷走。
过去分词（短语）作定语
【用法归纳】②过去分词修饰 something，everything， anything， nothing， somebody， nobody等不定代词以及指示代词those时，要放在这些词的后面。
eg：Nothing reported interested him. 没有什么报道的东西使他感兴趣。
（该句中的过去分词reported“报道的”作定语，用以修饰不定代词nothing，按照规则，放在其后。）
eg：He is one of those invited.他是那些被邀请的人之一。
（该句中的过去分词invited“被邀请的”作定语，用以修饰代词those，按照规则放在those的后面。）
重 难 点 全 解
6. Fishermen, tourists, hotels, homes, and cars were swept away by huge waves caused by the strong earthquake that reached a magnitude of 9.0．渔民、游客、酒店、住房和汽车都被9.0级强震所引发的巨浪卷走。
过去分词（短语）作定语
【用法归纳】
③单个的过去分词有时置于名词后作定语，用以表示强调。
eg：The experience gained is very useful. 获取的经验很有用。
（该句中的过去分词gained“获取的”用来修饰名词experience“经验”，表示强调这个经验是已经获取了的。）
eg：They decided to change the product used.他们决定改变使用过的产品
（该句中的过去分词used“使用过的”相当于形容词，用以修饰名词product“产品”，作其定语。）
重 难 点 全 解
6. Fishermen, tourists, hotels, homes, and cars were swept away by huge waves caused by the strong earthquake that reached a magnitude of 9.0．渔民、游客、酒店、住房和汽车都被9.0级强震所引发的巨浪卷走。
过去分词（短语）作定语
【用法归纳】
③单个的过去分词有时置于名词后作定语，用以表示强调。
eg：Most of the people questioned were students.
大多数被询问的人是学生。
（该句中的过去分词questioned“被询问的”用来修饰名词people,作其定语。）
重 难 点 全 解
【单句语法填空】
①They are cleaning the _____ (fall) leaves in the yard.
② I can't understand the language _____ (speak) in that country.
③Many businesses _____ (start) up by college students have taken off thanks to the comfortable climate for business creation.
【单句语法填空】
④ For breakfast he only drinks juice from fresh fruit _____ (grow) on his own farm.
⑤ It is one of the funniest things _____ (find) on the Internet so far this year.
⑥ Mrs. White showed her students some old maps _____ (borrow) from the library.
6. Fishermen, tourists, hotels, homes, and cars were swept away by huge waves caused by the strong earthquake that reached a magnitude of 9.0．渔民、游客、酒店、住房和汽车都被9.0级强震所引发的巨浪卷走。
重 难 点 全 解
【单句语法填空】
⑦ Tsinghua University, _____ (found) in 1911,is home to a great number of outstanding figures.
⑧The book _____ (write) by Mo Yan is worth reading.
【完成句子】
⑨The letter _____（昨天发的）will reach him tomo-rrow.
⑩ They were inspecting the houses _____（被暴风雨毁坏的）.
6. Fishermen, tourists, hotels, homes, and cars were swept away by huge waves caused by the strong earthquake that reached a magnitude of 9.0．渔民、游客、酒店、住房和汽车都被9.0级强震所引发的巨浪卷走。
重 难 点 全 解
【答案】
① fallen；② spoken；③ started；
④ grown；⑤ found；⑥ borrowed；⑦ founded；⑧ written；
⑨ posted yesterday；
⑩ damaged by the rainstorm
6. Fishermen, tourists, hotels, homes, and cars were swept away by huge waves caused by the strong earthquake that reached a magnitude of 9.0．渔民、游客、酒店、住房和汽车都被9.0级强震所引发的巨浪卷走。
重 难 点 全 解
7. The undersea quake struck around 7:00 a. m.,Sunday off the west coast of Indonesia＇s Sumatra Island．
海啸巨浪由周日上午7：00 许发生在印度尼西亚苏门答腊岛西岸附近海域的海底地震引发。
strike(struck,struck/stricken) （1）vt．＆vi．（灾难、疾病）侵袭；袭击；爆发
eg：The area was struck by an outbreak of cholera.
那一地区爆发了霍乱。
strike(struck,struck/stricken) （2）vt．撞；碰；撞击；碰撞vt．＆vi．敲（钟），报时，划（火柴），击出（火星）
【搭配】strike sb.on／against／in／...＋the＋表身体部位的名词 击打某人的……；
strike a match 划火柴；
重 难 点 全 解
7. The undersea quake struck around 7:00 a. m.,Sunday off the west coast of Indonesia＇s Sumatra Island．
海啸巨浪由周日上午7：00 许发生在印度尼西亚苏门答腊岛西岸附近海域的海底地震引发。
strike(struck,struck/stricken) （2）vt．撞；碰；撞击；碰撞vt．＆vi．敲（钟），报时，划（火柴），击出（火星）
eg：He fell, striking his head on the edge of the table.
他摔倒了，头碰在桌边上。
eg：She struck him in the face.
她打了他一耳光。
eg：The clock has just struck three.时钟刚刚敲过三点。
eg：The matches were damp and he couldn't make them strike.
火柴受潮了，他划不着。
eg：Strike while the iron is hot.
趁热打铁。
重 难 点 全 解
7. The undersea quake struck around 7:00 a. m.,Sunday off the west coast of Indonesia＇s Sumatra Island．
海啸巨浪由周日上午7：00 许发生在印度尼西亚苏门答腊岛西岸附近海域的海底地震引发。
strike(struck,struck/stricken) （3）vt．突然想到；一下子想起；猛地意识到（不用于进行时）
【搭配】It strikes／hits sb.that... ＝It occurs to sb.that...某人突然想起……
be struck with／by／on 被······打动；
strike...into one＇s heart 使某人感到
eg：It struck me that playing against the other team was a great learning moment for all the girls on the team.我突然意识到，对队伍里的所有女孩来说，和另一个队伍比赛是一个很好的学习机会。
重 难 点 全 解
7. The undersea quake struck around 7:00 a. m.,Sunday off the west coast of Indonesia＇s Sumatra Island．
海啸巨浪由周日上午7：00 许发生在印度尼西亚苏门答腊岛西岸附近海域的海底地震引发。
strike(struck,struck/stricken) （4）n．罢工，罢课；袭击；击，打
【搭配】
end／call off a strike 结束罢工；
be on strike 在罢工（状态）；
go on strike 举行罢工（动作）；
eg：Half the workforce are now on strike.现在有半数职工罢工。
重 难 点 全 解
单句语法填空
① The news that our team won the competition struck excitement _____ our hearts.
单句语法填空
② Just before September,Mike ____ (strike) by a car and lost his right arm.
单句语法填空
③ A bright idea suddenly _____ (strike) me that I could use the money I saved to help a poor student in the countryside.
7. The undersea quake struck around 7:00 a. m.,Sunday off the west coast of Indonesia＇s Sumatra Island．
海啸巨浪由周日上午7：00 许发生在印度尼西亚苏门答腊岛西岸附近海域的海底地震引发。
重 难 点 全 解
单句语法填空
④ The workers will go _____ strike if the demands they put forward are turned down.
翻译句子
⑤ 那块石头击中了她的额头。（strike sb.on the＋身体部位）
___________________________________________.
翻译句子
⑥ 我突然想起我最喜爱的乐队今晚演出。（It strikes／hits／occurs to sb.that...)
_______________________________________________.
7. The undersea quake struck around 7:00 a. m.,Sunday off the west coast of Indonesia＇s Sumatra Island．
海啸巨浪由周日上午7：00 许发生在印度尼西亚苏门答腊岛西岸附近海域的海底地震引发。
重 难 点 全 解
答案
① into;
② was struck;
答案
③ struck；
④ on；
⑤The stone struck her on the forehead.
答案
⑥ It struck me that my favorite band was playing tonight./It hit me that my favorite band was playing tonight./ It occurred to me that my favorite band was playing tonight.
7. The undersea quake struck around 7:00 a. m.,Sunday off the west coast of Indonesia＇s Sumatra Island．
海啸巨浪由周日上午7：00 许发生在印度尼西亚苏门答腊岛西岸附近海域的海底地震引发。
重 难 点 全 解
be doing...when...正在做······，这时突然······
本句型表示在做某事的同时，突然发生另外一件事。
eg：I was watching the football match when he came in.
我正在看足球赛，这时他突然走进来。
【句型积累】
(1) be about to do...when... & be on the point of doing...when... 正要做······，这时（突然）······
eg：I was about to go to bed when my mom asked me to clean the floor. 我正要上床睡觉，这时妈妈让我扫地。
eg：I was on the point of going out when the phone rang.
我正要出去，这时电话铃突然响了。
8. I was having breakfast with my three children when water started filling my home.
当时我和三个孩子正在吃早饭，海水开始灌人屋内。
重 难 点 全 解
be doing...when...正在做······，这时突然······
本句型表示在做某事的同时，突然发生另外一件事。
【句型积累】
（2）had just／hardly／scarcely done．．．when．．．刚做完······，这时……
eg：We had just arrived at the airport when the plane took off.
我们刚到机场，飞机就起飞了。
8. I was having breakfast with my three children when water started filling my home.
当时我和三个孩子正在吃早饭，海水开始灌人屋内。
重 难 点 全 解
【翻译句子】
① 汤姆正打算放弃，这时他突然找到了问题的答案。
________________________________.
②杰克正在实验室里工作，这时停电了。
（power cut，occur）
_________________________________.
③我刚到办公室，我妻子就打电话让我立刻回家。
_______________________________.
【答案】
① Tom was about to give up when he suddenly found an answer to the question.
② Jack was working in the lab when the power cut occurred.
③ I had just/hardly/ scarcely got to the office when my wife phoned me to go back home at once.
8. I was having breakfast with my three children when water started filling my home.
当时我和三个孩子正在吃早饭，海水开始灌人屋内。
重 难 点 全 解
9. Foreign aid is being organised for the tsunami-hit countriés. 目前正在为这些受灾国家组织国外援助。
aid （1）n．援助；救援物资；帮助
【搭配】first aid 急救；
come to one＇s aid （ ＝ come to the aid of sb.）来帮助某人；
go to one＇s aid （ ＝ go to the aid of sb.）去帮助某人；
in aid of 为了帮助······；用以援助······；
with／without the aid of（不）凭借或依靠······的帮助；
do/give/offer/perform/carry out first aid(to sb.)（对某人）实施急救
重 难 点 全 解
9. Foreign aid is being organised for the tsunami-hit countriés. 目前正在为这些受灾国家组织国外援助。
aid （1）n．援助；救援物资；帮助
eg：Although the hospital treatment is more professional, it does not mean that first aid is of little use.
尽管医院治疗更为专业，但是这并不意味着急救的用处不大。
eg：They all came to my aid. 他们都来帮助我。
eg：They're organising a concert in aid of charity.
他们正在组织一场音乐会来帮助慈善事业。
eg：We may travel with the aid of a good map.
我们可以靠一张好地图去旅行。
重 难 点 全 解
9. Foreign aid is being organised for the tsunami-hit countriés. 目前正在为这些受灾国家组织国外援助。
aid （2）vi．＆vt．（formal）帮助；援助（比help用法正式）
【搭配】aid sb.with sth.在某方面帮助某人搭配；
aid sb. in （doing）sth.帮助某人（做）某事；
aid sb.to do sth.帮助某人做某事；
eg：I will aid him in this matter. 在这件事上我会帮他。
eg：Aided by heat and strong winds, the fire quickly spread.
借助高温和大风，火势迅速蔓延。
重 难 点 全 解
9. Foreign aid is being organised for the tsunami-hit countriés. 目前正在为这些受灾国家组织国外援助。
aid （2）vi．＆vt．（formal）帮助；援助（比help用法正式）
【说明】aid sb. to do sth.表示“帮助某人做某事”（其中的to不可省略），也可用aid sb. in doing sth.。比较：help sb.（to）do sth.中的to可以省略。
eg：We've aided him to finish the work ahead of time.
We've aided him in finishing the work ahead of time.
We've helped him (to ) finish the work ahead of time.
我们帮助他提前完成了这项工作。
重 难 点 全 解
【单句语法填空】
① _____ the aid of the doctor, Joe was back on his feet soon.
② With the aid _____ thecomputer,he worked out the problem.
③ They aided me _____ getting used to the new environ-ment.
④ The girl is badly injured. You'd better do first aid _____ her before taking her to hospital.
【单句语法填空】
⑤ The president approved the plan _____ aid of these home-less children.
⑥We have aided him _____ (complete) the project ahead of time.
=We have aided him in _____ (complete)the project ahead of time.
9. Foreign aid is being organised for the tsunami-hit countriés. 目前正在为这些受灾国家组织国外援助。
重 难 点 全 解
【翻译句子】
⑦ 他们被指控帮助他逃跑。
（aid sb.in)
__________________________.
⑧ 他去帮助那个受伤的人。
（go tothe aid of)
___________________________.
【答案】
① With；② of；③ in；④ to；
⑤ in；⑥ to complete; completing；
⑦ They were accused of aiding him in his escape.
⑧He went to the aid of the injured man.
9. Foreign aid is being organised for the tsunami-hit countriés. 目前正在为这些受灾国家组织国外援助。
重 难 点 全 解
9. Foreign aid is being organised for the tsunami-hit countriés. 目前正在为这些受灾国家组织国外援助。
现在进行时的被动语态
（1）构成
现在进行时的被动语态由“am／is／are＋being＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。
eg：The bridge is being built across the river this month.
这个月人们正在建造横跨这条河的桥。
eg：The engineer is not being treated fairly.
目前这位工程师没有受到公平的待遇。
重 难 点 全 解
9. Foreign aid is being organised for the tsunami-hit countriés. 目前正在为这些受灾国家组织国外援助。
现在进行时的被动语态
（2）意义
现在进行时的被动语态既可以表示此刻正在被进行的动作，句中常用now，at the moment 等时间状语，也可以表示现阶段正在被进行的动作，但该动作在此时此刻不一定正在发生。
eg：They are being taught English at present.
目前正在教他们英语。
eg：The funds are being raised to protect wild animals.
人们正在为保护野生动物筹款。
重 难 点 全 解
【翻译句子（用现在进行时的被动语态完成下列句子）】
① 看！孩子们现在正由老师照看着
___________________________.
②最近正在进行许多有趣的实验。
___________________________.
③你不被允许进入会议室，因为I在制订一项秘密计划。
___________________________.
【答案】
① Look！The children are being taken care of by teachers.
② Many interesting experiments are being carried out recently.
③ You aren't allowed to enter the meeting room because a secret plan is being made.
9. Foreign aid is being organised for the tsunami-hit countriés. 目前正在为这些受灾国家组织国外援助。
重 难 点 全 解
deliver （1）vt．＆vi．递送；传达
【搭配】deliver sth.to sb.把某物运送给某人；把······传达给／交付给某人；deliver newspapers 送报纸；
eg：Leaflets have been delivered to every household.
传单已发送到每家每户。
eg：Do you have your milk delivered 你的牛奶是让别人送吗
eg：We promise to deliver within 48 hours．
我们承诺在48小时内送到。
eg：Would you deliver my message to her
请你帮我把口信传给她好吗？
10. However, dangerous conditions and damaged roads will make it difficult to deliver food and supplies. 然而，由于条件险恶和道路受损，食物运送和物资补给将非常困难。
重 难 点 全 解
deliver （2）vt．发表，宣布，发布
【搭配】deliver a speech／lecture 发表演讲／作报告
eg：She is due to deliver a lecture on English learning.
根据安排她要作一个关于英语学习的演讲。
eg：He will deliver an address on the subject of war and peace. 他将就战争与和平的主题发表演说。
10. However, dangerous conditions and damaged roads will make it difficult to deliver food and supplies. 然而，由于条件险恶和道路受损，食物运送和物资补给将非常困难。
重 难 点 全 解
deliver （3）vt．接生，助产；分娩，生产
【搭配】deliver a baby 接生；
be delivered of a baby 分娩；生孩子；
eg：They rushed her to hospital where doctors delivered her baby. 他们急忙把她送到医院，医生为她接生。
eg：The baby was delivered by a young doctor.
这名婴儿是由一位年轻的医生接生的。
eg：All she hoped for was to be delivered of a healthy baby.
她所希望的是生下一个健康的宝宝。
【词语积累】deliveryn.递送；分娩；演讲方式；
an easy／a difficult delivery顺／难产；
eg：Please pay for goods on delivery. 请货到付款。
10. However, dangerous conditions and damaged roads will make it difficult to deliver food and supplies. 然而，由于条件险恶和道路受损，食物运送和物资补给将非常困难。
重 难 点 全 解
【单句语法填空】
①You promised to deliver the goods _____ us, but we haven't seen any of them yet.
② You can either pick up the goods by yourself or have them ____ (deliver).
③ I＇ll order one today and get it _____ (deliver) to you tomorrow.
④ The strike caused a great delay in the _____(deliver) of the mail.
【翻译句子】
⑤ 我们校长昨天发表了一篇鼓舞人心的演讲。（deliver a speech）
_____________________________________________________.
10. However, dangerous conditions and damaged roads will make it difficult to deliver food and supplies. 然而，由于条件险恶和道路受损，食物运送和物资补给将非常困难。
重 难 点 全 解
【完成句子】
⑥ 地震的消息一传开，大量的救灾物资被运送到灾区。
The news of the earthquake had hardly spread when a large quantity of relief supplies _____ the disaster-stricken area.
10. However, dangerous conditions and damaged roads will make it difficult to deliver food and supplies. 然而，由于条件险恶和道路受损，食物运送和物资补给将非常困难。
重 难 点 全 解
【答案】
① to；② delivered；③ delivered；④ delivery；
⑤ Our headmaster delivered an inspiring speech yesterday.
⑥ were delivered to
10. However, dangerous conditions and damaged roads will make it difficult to deliver food and supplies. 然而，由于条件险恶和道路受损，食物运送和物资补给将非常困难。
重 难 点 全 解
summary n.总结；概括；概要（→summarise v.概述；总结）
(1)eg：The following is a summary of our conclusions. 现将我们的结论概括如下。
eg：In summary,this was a disappointing performance.总的来说，这场演出令人失望。
eg：The host will make a summary about this activity. 主持人将对本次活动进行总结。
(2)The results of the research are summarised at the end of the chapter.
在这一章末尾对研究结果作了总结。
11. Read the summary of the news report.阅读新闻报道的摘要。
【词块背诵】
in summary总的来说，总之；
make a summary作总结
重 难 点 全 解
【单句语法填空】
① _____ summary, your performance was not bad.
②I made _____ summary report for the records.
【翻译句子】
③总的来说，今年的庄稼长势良好。
（summary）
___________________________________.
【答案】
① In；② a；
③ In summ-ary,the crops are growing well this year.
11. Read the summary of the news report.阅读新闻报道的摘要。
重 难 点 全 解
effect n.影响；结果；效果（→effective adj.有效的；实际的 effec-tively adv.有效地；事实上）
eg：The family environment has an effect on the shaping of children's characters. 家庭环境对儿童性格的形成有影响。
eg：If the new security system had been put into effect, such accidents would never have happened.
如果新的安全系统生效，这样的事故就不会发生了。
12. cause effect following events 起因 结果 随后的事件
重 难 点 全 解
effect n.影响；结果；效果（→effective adj.有效的；实际的 effec-tively adv.有效地；事实上）
eg：The new law has come into effect, and the number of wild animals here is on the increase now.
新的法律已经生效，现在这里野生动物的数量正在增加。
eg：The law first came into being in 2010, and it still takes effect today. 这部法律首次制定于2010年，至今一直有效。
12. cause effect following events 起因 结果 随后的事件
重 难 点 全 解
effect n.影响；结果；效果（→effective adj.有效的；实际的 effec-tively adv.有效地；事实上）
【词块背诵】have an effect on...对······有影响（ ＝ affect）；
have a great effect on 对······有重大影响；
have no effect on 对······没有影响；
bring／put sth.into effect 实行，实施，使生效；
in effect事实上，实际上；在实施中，生效中；
bring about effect 产生效果；
12. cause effect following events 起因 结果 随后的事件
重 难 点 全 解
effect n.影响；结果；效果（→effective adj.有效的；实际的 effec-tively adv.有效地；事实上）
【词块背诵】come into effect生效，开始实施；
to no effect 毫无成效；
side effects 副作用；
take effect 生效，开始起作用；
greenhouse effect 温室效应；
cause and effect 因果；
12. cause effect following events 起因 结果 随后的事件
重 难 点 全 解
【单句语法填空】
①The new law has come _____ effect ;surely it will have an effect _____ the industry of the country.
②One of the _____ (effect)ways to build vocabulary is to read good books.
【单句语法填空】
③ Regardless of your choice of course,you'll develop your language ability both quickly and ____(effective).
【翻译句子】
④你的阅读环境会对你的理解产生很大的影响。（have a greateffect on)
______________________________.
【翻译句子】
⑤我想你刚才说的话对他没有任何影响。（have no effect on）
_________________________________
12. cause effect following events 起因 结果 随后的事件
重 难 点 全 解
【答案】
① into，on；② effective；③ effectively；
④ Your reading environment can have a great effect on your understanding.
⑤I think what you said just now will have no effect on him.
12. cause effect following events 起因 结果 随后的事件
重 难 点 全 解
length n.长；长度；（持续）时间的长短；篇幅
【搭配】the length of…的长度；
reach a length of...达到·····的长度；
in length 在长度上；
keep sb.at arm＇s length 与某人保持距离；不亲近某人；
atlength最后；详细地，详尽地；
13. Is the summary the proper length？摘要的长度合适吗？
重 难 点 全 解
length n.长；长度；（持续）时间的长短；篇幅
eg：The length of the bridge is 200 meters． 这座桥有200米长。
eg：The snake usually reaches a length of 100 cm．
蛇一般长达100厘米。
eg：Her novels vary in length. 她的小说篇幅长短不一。
eg：At length my father went into the house. 我父亲最后进了屋。
eg：We have already discussed this plan at length, so next we should spare no effort to carry it out.我们已经详细地讨论了这个计划，所以接下来我们应竭尽全力地实施它。
13. Is the summary the proper length？摘要的长度合适吗？
重 难 点 全 解
length n.长；长度；（持续）时间的长短；篇幅
【词块背诵】（1）at great／full length十分详尽地；
go to any／some／great lengths 竭尽全力；不遗余力；
（2）long adj．长的 lengthen v.使变长；
eg：Researchers in Italy say moderate drinking may lengthen your life, while too much may shorten it.
意大利研究人员指出，适度饮酒可能延长寿命，而酗酒会缩短寿命
13. Is the summary the proper length？摘要的长度合适吗？
重 难 点 全 解
【词汇积累】
（1）lengthn．长度→lengthen v．（使）变长；
heightn.高度→heighten v.（使）加强，（使）提高；
strength n.力量→strengthen v.增强；
wide adj.宽的→widen v.（使）变宽；
deep adj.深的→deepen v.（使）变深；（使）加深
（2）courage n．勇气→encourage vt．鼓励；
rich adj.富有的→enrich vt.使丰富
13. Is the summary the proper length？摘要的长度合适吗？
重 难 点 全 解
【单句语法填空】
①The _____ (long) of the time needed has a close association with the amount of work.
【单句语法填空】
② They talked _____ length about the comedy that he would star in.
【单句语法填空】
③ “You owe me an explanation,”he said _____ length.
【单句语法填空】
④ She prefers to keep her relatives _____ arm's length.
13. Is the summary the proper length？摘要的长度合适吗？
重 难 点 全 解
【单句语法填空】
⑤The days _____ (length) with summer approaching.
【单句语法填空】
⑥We will _____ (strength) the protection of wet land.
【翻译句子】
⑦ 这条河长300英里。（in length）
______________________________.
【翻译句子】
⑧ 这个房间的长度是厨房的两倍。
(twice the length of)
________________________________.
13. Is the summary the proper length？摘要的长度合适吗？
重 难 点 全 解
【答案】
① length；② at；③ at；④ at；⑤ lengthen；⑥ strengthen；
⑦ The river is 300 miles in length.
⑧ This room is twice the length of the kitchen.
13. Is the summary the proper length？摘要的长度合适吗？
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Unit 4 NATURAL DISASTERS
Section D
人教版（2019）必修1 高一（上）
目 录
目录
01
课文预习必读
02
长难句分析
03
教材预习梳理与自测
04
重难点全解
课 文 预 习 必 读
课文预习必读
01
课 文 预 习 必 读
【教材原文】
The Daily News
TSUNAMI HITS ASIA: OVER 6,500 DEAD
By Robert Woodhouse Monday,27 December 2004
The most powerful earthquake in the past 40 years caused a tsunami that crashed① into coastlines across Asia yesterday,killing more than 6,500 people in Indonesia②,India, Thailand③, Malaysia④,and at least four other countries. Fishermen, tourists,hotels, homes, and cars were swept away⑤ by huge waves⑥ caused by the strong earthquake that reached a magnitude of 9. 0.The undersea quake struck⑦ around 7: 00 a.m.,Sunday off⑧ the west coast of Indonesia's Sumatra Island⑨ . In that area alone, at least 1,870 people were killed.
课 文 预 习 必 读
【词汇注释】
① crash／kr f／vt.＆vi.碰撞；撞击n.撞车；碰撞＊crash into 撞倒·····
② Indonesia /, nd 'ni:3 / 印度尼西亚；
③ Thailand／＇tail nd／泰国；
④ Malaysia／m ＇lei3 ／ 马来西亚；
⑤ sweep away 消灭；彻；
*sweep/swi:p/vt.&vi. （swept，swept）打扫；清扫；
⑥ wave／werv／n.海浪；波浪vi.＆vt.挥手；招手 ＊huge waves 巨浪；
⑦ strike /straik/ vi.& vt. (struck,struck/stricken) 侵袭；突击；击打n.罢工；罢课；袭击
⑧ off prep.（时空上）离，距；⑨Sumatra /su'ma:tr / Island 苏门答腊岛
课 文 预 习 必 读
【汉语译文】
每日新闻
海啸袭击亚洲：6500余人丧生
罗伯特·伍德豪斯
星期-2004年12月27日
昨日，40年来最为强烈的地震引发海啸，重创（crash）亚洲沿海地带，造成印度尼西亚（Indonesia）、印度、泰国（Thailand）、马来西亚（Malaysia） 和至少其他四个国家的6500多人死亡。渔民、游客、酒店、住房和汽车都被9.0级强震所引发的巨浪（wave）卷走（sweepaway）。海啸巨浪由周日上午7：00许发生在印度尼西亚苏门答腊岛（Sumatra Island） 西岸附近海域的海底地震引发（strike）。仅该地区就有至少1870人死亡。
课 文 预 习 必 读
【教材原文】
In Sri Lanka, some⑩ 1,600 kilometres west of the quake centre, the number of deaths stood at 2,498,and one million more were affected by the tsunami, government officials said. Indian officials said as many as 1, 900 had been killed along the southern coast. Another 254 were found dead in Thailand and 54 in three other countries. In southern Thailand, 1,900 people were hurt and many more were missing , local officials said. “I was having breakfast with my three children when water started filling my home. We had to leave everything and run to safety ,”said Chandra Theeravit ,a local Thai woman.
课 文 预 习 必 读
【词汇注释】
⑩ some adv.（＝about）大约；差不多；
stand at 达到特定水平（或数量、高度等）；
be affected by 受..... 影响；
official n.官员 adj.官方的；正式的＊government officials 政府官员；
missing adj. (=lost) 失踪的；
local adj. 当地的n.当地人；
safety n.安全处所；
Chandra Theeravit ／＇tfa：ndr ＇θitr vit／钱德拉·特拉维；
课 文 预 习 必 读
【汉语译文】
政府官员称，在斯里兰卡，震中以西约1600千米处，死亡人数高达2498人，另有100多万人受到海啸的影响。印度官员称，南部海岸地区有多达1900人丧生。泰国另有254人死亡，其他三个国家有54人丧生。当地官员表示，泰国南部有1900人受伤，失踪人数则更多。泰国当地的一位妇女钱德拉·特拉维（ChandraTheeravit）说：“当时我和三个孩子正在吃早饭，海水开始灌入屋内。我们只好扔下一切，跑到安全地带。”
课 文 预 习 必 读
【教材原文】
Thousands of people are still missing, and the number of deaths is expected to grow even higher over the next few days. Foreign aid is being organised' for the tsunami-hit countries. However, dangerous conditions and damaged roads will make it difficult to deliver food and supplies.
课 文 预 习 必 读
【词汇注释】
expect vt.预计，预料‘
even adv.更（程度副词）＊常用来修饰比较级的程度副词（短语）还有still,far,any,much,a lot等。
deliver /dr'lrv (r)/ vt. & vi.递送；传达vt.发表
【汉语译文】
仍有成千上万人失踪，预计未来几天死亡人数还将增加。目前正在为这些受灾国家组织国外援助。然而，由于条件险恶和道路受损，食物运送（deliver）和物资补给将非常困难。
长 难 句 分 析
长难句分析
02
长 难 句 分 析
1. The most powerful earthquake..caused a tsunami that crashed into coastlines... yesterday, killing more than 6, 500 people...
that引导宾语从句
现在分词短语作结果状语
＊that crashed into...是关系代词that引导的定语从句，对a tsunami加以修饰和限制，that在定语从句中作主语。killing morethan...是现在分词短语作结果状语。注意：现在分词短语作结果状语是表示自然而然的结果，不定式作结果状语（only／just to do...）则表示出乎意料的结果。
长 难 句 分 析
2. Fishermen...and cars were swept away by huge waves caused by the strong earthquake that reached a magnitude of 9.0.
过去分词短语作后置定语
that引导定语从句
＊caused by...是过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰huge waves。其中又包含一个由关系代词that引导的定语从句，对earthquake 进行修饰和限制，that在该定语从句中作主语。
长 难 句 分 析
3. Indian officials said as many as 1,900 had been killed along the southern coast.
＊had been killed是过去完成时的被动语态，其构成是“had＋been＋及物动词的过去分词”。
长 难 句 分 析
4. I was having breakfast with my three children when water started filling my home.
＊be doing sth.when...是固定句式，意思是“正在做某事，这时····”。
长 难 句 分 析
5. Foreign aid is being organised for the tsunami-hit countries.
＊is being organised是现在进行时的被动语态，其构成是“am／is／are＋being＋及物动词的过去分词”。
长 难 句 分 析
6. However,dangerous conditions and damaged roads will make it difficult to deliver food and supplies.
＊ make it difficult to deliver food and supplies 是“make＋it＋宾补＋to do sth.”结构，其中it是形式宾语，形容词 difficult作宾补， 后面的不定式短语 to deliver...是真正的宾语。
教材预习梳理与自测
教材预习梳理与自测
03
词块梳理与背诵（英汉互译）
① make a safety list of _____；
② remember to do sth. （ remember doing sth.记得做过某事）_____；
③ go to a(n)...space away from..._____；
④ tap on a pipe or whistle for help _____；
⑤ a cute dog _____；
⑥ _____ 防止它们变成灾难;
⑦ _____ [=stop/prevent...(from) doing sth.］阻止·····做某事
⑧ _____ 坚持；
⑨ _____ 用双手捂住头（cover...with...)；
⑩ _____ 幸运儿；
词块梳理与背诵（英汉互译）
give instructions _____；
first of all _____；
call an emergency number _____；
stay/keep calm _____；
have an emergency kit prepared ( have sth. done)
__________；
_____ 应急物资；
_____ 准备急救箱；
_____ 被困在一幢被毁的建筑物里；
_____ 持有；现有；随手可取；
_____ 建议准备足够的水和食物（suggest doing sth.）
词块梳理与背诵（英汉互译）
release a new report（release vt. 公开；公布；发布）___ the most powerful earthquake _____；
in the past 40 years _____；
crash into _____；
sweep away _____；
_____强震所引发的巨浪（caused by...是过去分词短语作后置定语）；
_____ 达到······的震级；
_____ 海底地震大约在上午7点发生；
_____ 在······西海岸附近（onthe west coast of 在······西海岸）；
_____ 死亡人数高达···
词块梳理与背诵（英汉互译）
be affected by _____； as many as _____;
be doing..when... _____； run to safety _____;
over the next few days _____;
_____ 正在被组织（be being done：现在进行时的被动语态）
_____ 使食物运送和物资补给变得困难;
_____ 为·····写一份摘要;
_____ 注意；重视； _____ ……三分之一的长度；
the key supporting points _____；
give feedback on _____；
put up your summary _____；
put up _____；
词块梳理与背诵（英汉互译）
【答案】
① 列一个······的安全清单；② 记住要做某事③ 去一个远离·····的······地方；
④ 轻敲管道或吹口哨寻求帮助；
⑤ 一只可爱的狗；
⑥ keep themfrom becoming disasters； ⑦ keep...from doing sth. ；
⑧ hold on；
⑨ cover your head with your hands；
⑩ a lucky dog；
给予指导；给予指示；发号施令；
首先；第一；开始时；起初
【答案】
打紧急电话； 保持冷静；
准备应急包；
the emergencysupplies；
prepare first aid kit；
be trapped in a destroyed building
keep/have...on hand；
suggest having on hand enough water and food；
发布新闻报道； 最强烈的地震；
在过去的40年里；
撞上；撞向；闯入；猛撞；
词块梳理与背诵（英汉互译）
【答案】
消灭；彻底消除；
huge waves caused by the strong earthquake；
reach a magnitude of ；
the undersea quake strikes around 7 :00 a.m. ；
off the west coast of；
the number of deaths stand at．．．；
受······的影响；被······打动；
多达；和······一样多；
正在做······，这时······；
【答案】
跑到安全地带； 在接下来的几天里 is／are being organised；
make it difficult to deliver food and supplies； write a summary for；
pay attention to；
one third the length of．．．；
关键支持点； 给·····反馈；
张贴你的摘要；
举起；搭建；提高；张贴；悬挂；推举；供给······住宿
构词法梳理与背诵-转化法构词
① _____ n.电力供应；能量；力量；控制力→v.驱动，推动（机器或车辆）；（使）迅猛移动，快速前进
② _____ vi.＆vt.轻叩；轻敲；轻拍→n.水龙头；轻叩；轻敲
③ __n.管子；管道→v.用管道输送；用线路系统传输（或传送）
④____vi.吹口哨；发出笛声 vt.吹口哨→n.哨子（声）；呼啸声
⑤ _____ adj.镇静的；沉着的→vt.使平静；使镇静
⑥ _____ n.成套工具；成套设备→vt.装备
⑦ ___n.援助；帮助；救援物资→vi.＆vt.（formal）帮助；援助⑧ _____ vt.＆vi.碰撞；撞击→n.撞车；碰撞→adj.应急的；速成的
⑨ _____ n.海浪；波浪→vi.＆vt.挥手；招手
⑩ ____- vi.＆ vt.（struck，struck／stricken）侵袭；突击；击打→n.罢工；罢课；袭击
_____ n.影响；结果；效果→vt.使发生；实现；引起
构词法梳理与背诵-派生法构词
power n.电力供应；能量；力量；控制力→ _____ adj.强有力的；强大的
emergent adj.新兴的；处于发展初期的→____n.突发事件；紧急情况
calm adj.镇静的；沉着的→ _____ adv.平静地；镇静地；冷静地
sweep vt.＆vi.（swept，swept）打扫；清扫→_____ n.打扫者；清扫者；清洁工
deliver vt.＆vi.递送；传达vt.发表→ _____ n.传送；递送；交付；分娩
summary n.总结；概括；概要→ _____ v.总结；概括；概述（等于summarize）
long adj.长的→ _____ n.长；长度
构词法梳理与背诵-派生法构词
【答案】
① power；② tap；③ pipe；④ whistle；
⑤ calm；⑥ kit；⑦ aid；⑧ crash；⑨ wave ⑩ strike； effect； powerful；
emergency； calmly； sweeper；
delivery； summarise； length
课 文 原 创 自 测
【课文阅读理解】
① When did the tsunami happen
A.At around 7:00 a.m.,27 December 2004.
B.At around 7:00 p.m.,27 December 2004.
C.At around 7:00 a.m.,26 December 2004.
D.At around 7:00 p.m.,26 December 2004.
②What caused the tsunami
A.A drought.
B.A flood.
C.A volcanic eruption.
D.An earthquake.
课 文 原 创 自 测
【课文阅读理解】
③ In _____, the number of people who were killed in the tsunami was the largest.
A.Indonesia B.Sri Lanka C.India D.Thailand
④ Why would it be difficult to deliver food and supplies to the tsunami-hit countries
A.There were no enough trucks.
B. It was still raining heavily.
C. The people in these areas were not willing to accept these food and supplies.
D.The roads to these areas were blocked.
课 文 原 创 自 测
【课文语法填空】
The Daily News
TSUNAMI HITS ASIA:OVER 6,500 DEAD
By Robert Woodhouse Monday,27 December 2004
The most powerful earthquake in the past 40 years caused a tsunami that crashed into coastlinss across Asin yesterday, __5__ (kill)more than 6,500 people in Indonesia, India, Thailand, Malaysia,and at least four other countries,Fishermen, __6__ (tourist), hotels, homes,and cars were swept away by huge waves __7__ (cause)by the strong earthquake that reached a magnitude of 9. 0.The undersea quake struck around 7:00 a. m.,Sunday off the west coast of Indonesia's Sumatra Island. In that area alone, at least 1,870 people __8__(kill).
课 文 原 创 自 测
【课文语法填空】
In Sri Lanka, some 1,600 kilometres west of the quake centre, __9__ number of deaths stood at 2,498, and one million more were affected by the tsunami, government officials said. Indian officials said as many as 1,900 had been killed along the southern coast. Another 254 __10__ (be)found dead in Thailand and 54 in three other countries. In southern Thailand,1,900 people were hurt and many more were __11__ (miss), local officials said. “I __12__ (have) breakfast with my three children when water started filling my home. We had to leave everything and run to safety,”said Chandra Theeravit, a local Thai woman.
Thousands of people are still missing, and the number of deaths is expected to grow even __13__ (high)over the next few days. Foreign aid is being organised for the tsunami-hit countries. However, dangerous conditions and damaged roads will make __14__ difficult to deliver food and supplies.
课 文 原 创 自 测
【答案】
①~④ CDBD；⑤ killing；⑥ tourists；⑦ caused；⑧ were killed；⑨ the；⑩ were； missing； was having； higher； it；
重 难 点 全 解
重难点全解
04
重 难 点 全 解
power n．（1）电力供应；能量；力量（2）能力；控制力（3）政权；统治（→powerful adj.强有力的；强大的）
(1) eg：You can't make a machine work without power supply. 没有电力供应，机器就不能运转。
（2）eg： It is not within my power to help you．我是爱莫能助啊
eg：I will do everything in my power to help you.
我将尽全力帮助你
eg：Not that I don't want to help you, but that it's beyond my power to do so. 并不是我不想帮你，而是我能力有限。
1. Go to an open space away from buildings, trees, or power lines.
到一个开阔的地方，远离建筑物、树木或电线。
重 难 点 全 解
power n．（1）电力供应；能量；力量（2）能力；控制力（3）政权；统治（→powerful adj.强有力的；强大的）
(2) eg：Words have the power to build us up and tear us down. 语言有能力塑造我们，也有能力摧毁我们。
(3)eg：The present government came to power last year.
现政府是去年上台的。
eg：They are hoping to return to power. 他们希望重掌政权。
1. Go to an open space away from buildings, trees, or power lines.
到一个开阔的地方，远离建筑物、树木或电线。
重 难 点 全 解
power n．（1）电力供应；能量；力量（2）能力；控制力（3）政权；统治（→powerful adj.强有力的；强大的）
【词块背诵】（1）nuclear／wind／solar power 核能／风能／太阳能；power failure 停电；power station／plant 发电站
（2）within one＇s power 在某人能力范围之内；
do everything in one＇s power to do sth. 尽全力做某事；
beyond／out of one＇s power 某人能力所不能及；
have the power to do sth.有能力做某事；
power of speech 说话能力；
1. Go to an open space away from buildings, trees, or power lines.
到一个开阔的地方，远离建筑物、树木或电线。
重 难 点 全 解
power n．（1）电力供应；能量；力量（2）能力；控制力（3）政权；统治（→powerful adj.强有力的；强大的）
【词块背诵】（3）take／seize／lose power掌握／夺取／失掉政权；come to power 掌握政权，得势，上台执政（短暂性动词短语，强调动作）；be in power执政；当权（强调状态）；have sb.in one＇s power 能支配某人；
【词义辨析】power，strength，force 与energy
power指权力、势力或影响力。
strength指人的体力，也可指强项、长处。
force强调暴力、武力等。energy主要指人的精力或能源。
1. Go to an open space away from buildings, trees, or power lines.
到一个开阔的地方，远离建筑物、树木或电线。
重 难 点 全 解
【单句语法填空】
① He said he was very sorry because it was _____ his power tomake the final decision.
② A new party has come _____ power.
③ He also promised to do everything _____ his power to enforce （强制执行）trade agreements.
④ The media has a _____ (power) influence on public opinion.
⑤ Some animals have the power _____ (see ) in the dark.
1. Go to an open space away from buildings, trees, or power lines.
到一个开阔的地方，远离建筑物、树木或电线。
重 难 点 全 解
【翻译句子】
⑥ 知识就是力量。
_____________________________________________________.
【完成句子】
⑦ 该政党已经执政两年了。
The party _____ for two years.
⑧他丧失了说话能力。
He lost _________.
⑨与即时攻击的力量相比，沉默的力量要大得多。
__________ is much greater compared with that of instant attack.
1. Go to an open space away from buildings, trees, or power lines.
到一个开阔的地方，远离建筑物、树木或电线。
重 难 点 全 解
【答案】
① beyond；② to；③ in；④ powerful；
⑤ to see 表示做某事的能力时，power后通常接不定式作定语。
⑥ Knowledge ispower；⑦ has been in power；
⑧ the power of speech；⑨The power of silence
1. Go to an open space away from buildings, trees, or power lines.
到一个开阔的地方，远离建筑物、树木或电线。
重 难 点 全 解
emergency n.突发事件；紧急情况 emergent adj.新兴的；处于发展初翔的
eg：The government has declared a state of emergency following the earthquake.
地震发生后政府已宣布进入紧急状态。
eg：My mother once gave me a special number to call in case I run into an emergency.我的母亲曾经给我一个特殊的号码，让我万一遇到紧急事件就拨打它。
2. Call an emergency number．打紧急电话。
eg：The government had to take emergency action.
政府只得采取紧急措施。
eg：Exit immediately from the nearest emergency exit; do not use a lift.
立即从最近的紧急出口撤离，不要乘坐电梯。
重 难 点 全 解
emergency n.突发事件；紧急情况 emergent adj.新兴的；处于发展初翔的
【词块背诵】
the emergency exit 紧急出口；
the emergency call 紧急呼叫；
the emergency room／ward 急救室；
the emergency button 紧急按钮；
the emergency personnel 应急人员；
2. Call an emergency number．打紧急电话。
【词块背诵】
the emergency department 急诊科
the emergency system 应急系统
emergent nations／states 新兴民族／国家
重 难 点 全 解
【单句语法填空】
① They told her to stay still until the _____ (emergent) personnel arrived, but she thought the car was going to explode.
【翻译句子】
②这道门只应在紧急情况下使用。(in an emergency)
__________________________________.
2. Call an emergency number．打紧急电话。
重 难 点 全 解
【答案】
① emergency；
② This door should only be used in an emergency.
2. Call an emergency number．打紧急电话。
重 难 点 全 解
calm （1）adj．镇静的；沉着的；无风的；风平浪静的
【搭配】keep／stay／remain calm 保持镇静；保持冷静；
eg：It is important to keep calm in an emergency.
情况紧急的时候，保持镇静是重要的。
eg：The teacher's voice still remaimed calm even if she was getting annoyed.即使这位老师生气了，她的声音仍然很平静。
eg：The sky is blue， and the lake is calm.
天空碧蓝，湖面风平浪静。
3. Stay calm．保持镇静。
重 难 点 全 解
calm （2）vt．使平静；使镇静
【搭配】calm（sb.）down（使某人）平静下来，镇静下来；
eg：The situation calmed down. 局势平静了。
eg：Would you please calm the children down They're too excited. 你能让那些孩子安静下来吗？他们太兴奋了。
【词语积累】
calmness n.平静；镇静；冷静 return to calmness 恢复平静
calmly adv.平静地；镇静地；冷静地
3. Stay calm．保持镇静。
重 难 点 全 解
calm （2）vt．使平静；使镇静
【词义辨析】calm，still，quiet 与silent
（1）calm既可指天气、海洋等的平静状态，又可指人的镇定沉着、不慌乱。
eg：You should stay calm even in an emergency.
即使在紧急情况下你也应保持镇静。
（2）still表示站、坐、躺的姿势静止、不动。
eg：Keep still.The photographer is ready.保持不动。
摄影师准备好了。
3. Stay calm．保持镇静。
重 难 点 全 解
calm （2）vt．使平静；使镇静
【词义辨析】calm，still，quiet 与silent
（3）quiet 表示人的外表安静或性情稳定；也指没有喧闹、活动或骚乱的寂静状态。
eg：Please keep the kids quiet. 请让孩子们安静点。
（4）silent指沉默不语。
eg：He was silent for a moment and then left.
他沉默了一会儿，然后离开了。
3. Stay calm．保持镇静。
重 难 点 全 解
【单句语法填空】
① Calm yourself _____ ; there is no need to feel upset about it.
【单句语法填空】
②The excited football fans managed _____ (calm) down at last.
【单句语法填空】
③ _____ (calm ) of mind is one of the beautiful jewels of wisdom.
【单句语法填空】
④ “I'll call the doctor,”he said _____ (calm).
3. Stay calm．保持镇静。
重 难 点 全 解
【翻译句子】
⑤ 他的平静使我吃惊。
______________________________.
【选词填空】calm，still，quiet，silent
⑥ In the face of danger,you must keep___ ; when you have a photo taken, you should stay ___ ; while someone else is asleep,you ought to remain ___ ; in class you can't be ___ about the teacher's questions.
【答案】
① down；② to calm；③ Calmness； ④ calmly；
⑤ Iwas amazed by his calmness.
⑥ calm；still；quiet；silent
3. Stay calm．保持镇静。
重 难 点 全 解
on hand
现有（尤指帮助）
eg：The emergency services were on hand with medical advice.
随时都有急诊服务，并提供医疗咨询。
on hand
【词块背诵】
（1）in hand 在手头；在处理中；at hand 在手边；即将到来；可能很快发生；
by hand手工；（信件）亲手交付，由专人递送；
hand in hand 手拉手地；联合；
shake hands 握手；
on hand
【词块背诵】
give／lend a helping hand 伸出援助之手；帮助；
on the one hand...on the other hand...一方面······另一方面····；
hand in上交;提交; hand out 分发；
hand over 交出；移交； hand on 移交；传递下去；
4. ...explain what emergency supplies people should keep on hand.······解释人们应该准备哪些应急物资。
重 难 点 全 解
on hand
（2）hand in上交；提交 hand out 分发；
hand over 交出；移交； hand on 移交；传递下去；
on hand
【词块背诵】
（1）in hand在手头；在处理中；at hand 在手边；即将到来；可能很快发生；
by hand手工；（信件）亲手交付，由专人递送；
hand in hand 手拉手地；联合；
on hand
【词块背诵】
shake hands 握手；
give／lend a helping hand 伸出援助之手；帮助；
on the one hand...on the other hand...一方面······另一方面····；
4. ...explain what emergency supplies people should keep on hand.······解释人们应该准备哪些应急物资。
【词块背诵】
重 难 点 全 解
【单句语法填空】
① I am sorry we do not have any of the kind _____ hand.
② _____ the one hand,producers would reduce confidence to us; on the other hand,without profit, our company cannot survive.
【单句语法填空】
【答案】
① on；② On；③ in；④ in；
③ Technology and business strategy go hand _____ hand.
④ I'm supposed to have handed _____ a first draft of my paper.
4. ...explain what emergency supplies people should keep on hand.······解释人们应该准备哪些应急物资。
重 难 点 全 解
5. The most powerful earthquake in the past 40 years caused a tsunami that crashed into coastlines across Asia yesterday．．．昨日，40 年来最为强烈的地震引发海啸，重创亚洲沿海地带·····
crash（1） vt．＆vi．碰撞；撞击；（使）猛撞（2）n．撞车；碰撞；（倒下、破碎等突然的）碰撞声
（1）eg：The cars crashed into each other．
小汽车轰然相撞。
eg：The elephant crashed through the forest.
大象冲进了森林。
eg：She was frightened that the plane would crash.
她害怕飞机会坠毁。
重 难 点 全 解
5. The most powerful earthquake in the past 40 years caused a tsunami that crashed into coastlines across Asia yesterday．．．昨日，40 年来最为强烈的地震引发海啸，重创亚洲沿海地带·····
crash（1） vt．＆vi．碰撞；撞击；（使）猛撞（2）n．撞车；碰撞；（倒下、破碎等突然的）碰撞声
（2）eg：The car hit the tree with a crash．
汽车轰隆一声撞到了树上。
eg：Her best friend was seriously hurt in a car crash.
她最好的朋友在一次汽车撞车事故中受了重伤。
重 难 点 全 解
5. The most powerful earthquake in the past 40 years caused a tsunami that crashed into coastlines across Asia yesterday．．．昨日，40 年来最为强烈的地震引发海啸，重创亚洲沿海地带·····
crash（1） vt．＆vi．碰撞；撞击；（使）猛撞（2）n．撞车；碰撞；（倒下、破碎等突然的）碰撞声
【词块背诵】
crash a car／bus 撞汽车／公共汽车
crash through 撞毁；闯入
crash into／onto sth. 撞到某物上
a car／plane crash 汽车撞车事故／飞机失事
重 难 点 全 解
【单句语法填空】
① Her car crashed ____ the rear of a van.
【完成句子】
②下了几天大雨后，屋顶伴着一声巨响，坍塌在地。
After several days of heavy rain the roof came down with a loud noise,__________.
③她的母亲死于一次飞机失事。
Her mother was killed __________.
5. The most powerful earthquake in the past 40 years caused a tsunami that crashed into coastlines across Asia yesterday．．．昨日，40 年来最为强烈的地震引发海啸，重创亚洲沿海地带·····
重 难 点 全 解
【答案】
① into; ② crashing onto the ground;
③ in a plane crash；
5. The most powerful earthquake in the past 40 years caused a tsunami that crashed into coastlines across Asia yesterday．．．昨日，40 年来最为强烈的地震引发海啸，重创亚洲沿海地带·····
重 难 点 全 解
6. Fishermen, tourists, hotels, homes, and cars were swept away by huge waves caused by the strong earthquake that reached a magnitude of 9.0．渔民、游客、酒店、住房和汽车都被9.0级强震所引发的巨浪卷走。
sweep vt.＆ vi.（swept，swept）打扫；清扫；突然袭来；迅速传播
eg：Any doubts have been swept away. 一切怀疑早已完全消除。
eg：A wave of tiredness swept over her. 她感到浑身疲惫。
eg：The showroom has been emptied and swept clean.
陈列室已经清理出来，打扫干净了。
eg：This room needs to be well swept out.
这个房间需要好好清扫一番。
重 难 点 全 解
6. Fishermen, tourists, hotels, homes, and cars were swept away by huge waves caused by the strong earthquake that reached a magnitude of 9.0．渔民、游客、酒店、住房和汽车都被9.0级强震所引发的巨浪卷走。
sweep vt.＆ vi.（swept，swept）打扫；清扫；突然袭来；迅速传播
eg：Memories came sweeping back.往事倏地又浮现在脑海中。
eg：Rumours swept through the company.传言在全公司传播开了。
【词块背诵】sweep away 消灭；彻底消除；
sweep the floor 清扫地板；扫地；
sweep aside 对······置之不理；不理会；全然无视；
sweep out打扫干净，清扫干净；
sweep through 席卷；轻易通过；
重 难 点 全 解
【单句语法填空】
① We clean the house and sweep _____ bad luck.
② We will sweep _____ all difficulties and continue to advance.
③ John thought that he would fail his driving test again, but this time, to his own surprise,he swept ____.
【完成句子】
④他们所有的忠告全被当成了耳边风 All their advice was _____.
6. Fishermen, tourists, hotels, homes, and cars were swept away by huge waves caused by the strong earthquake that reached a magnitude of 9.0．渔民、游客、酒店、住房和汽车都被9.0级强震所引发的巨浪卷走。
重 难 点 全 解
【答案】
① away；
② aside；
③ through；
④swept aside
6. Fishermen, tourists, hotels, homes, and cars were swept away by huge waves caused by the strong earthquake that reached a magnitude of 9.0．渔民、游客、酒店、住房和汽车都被9.0级强震所引发的巨浪卷走。
重 难 点 全 解
6. Fishermen, tourists, hotels, homes, and cars were swept away by huge waves caused by the strong earthquake that reached a magnitude of 9.0．渔民、游客、酒店、住房和汽车都被9.0级强震所引发的巨浪卷走。
wave （1）n．海浪；波浪；心潮；风潮；挥手
【搭配】a wave of一波·····，一阵······ 搭配；radio waves 无线电波；give sb.a wave 向某人挥手；
eg：Huge waves were breaking on the shore.巨浪拍打着海岸。
eg：Children were playing in the waves. 孩子们在海浪中嬉戏。
eg：A wave of fear swept over him.一阵恐惧传遍他的全身。
eg：A wave of panic spread through the crowd.一阵恐慌传遍人群
eg：Guilt and horror flooded her in waves.
歉疚和恐惧一阵阵涌上她的心头。
重 难 点 全 解
6. Fishermen, tourists, hotels, homes, and cars were swept away by huge waves caused by the strong earthquake that reached a magnitude of 9.0．渔民、游客、酒店、住房和汽车都被9.0级强震所引发的巨浪卷走。
wave （2）vi．＆vt．挥手；招手；挥舞，挥动（手中之物）
【搭配】wave to/at 向……挥手；wave sth. at sb. 向某人挥动某物；
wave sb. goodbye/wave goodbye to sb. 跟某人挥手道别；
eg：Crowds lined the route, waving flags and cheering.
人群沿路线排成行，挥舞着旗子欢呼。
eg：Why did you wave at him？你为什么向他招手？
eg：The people on the bus waved and we waved back.
公共汽车上的人挥手致意，我们也向他们挥手。
eg：My mother was crying as I waved her goodbye/waved goodbye to her. 我向母亲挥手告别时她哭了。
重 难 点 全 解
【单句语法填空】
① We waved _____ our teacher and he waved back.
② The stranger spoke rapidly, _____ (wave) his arms about.
③ He waved goodbye _____ his friends when he boarded the train.
【单句语法填空】
④ The president waved _____ the crowd from the steps of the plane.
⑤ It＇s partly thathis writings rode a wave _____ social, political and scientific progress.
6. Fishermen, tourists, hotels, homes, and cars were swept away by huge waves caused by the strong earthquake that reached a magnitude of 9.0．渔民、游客、酒店、住房和汽车都被9.0级强震所引发的巨浪卷走。
重 难 点 全 解
【完成句子】
⑥ She was so angry that she didn't ___________（跟我们挥手道别）.
【答案】
① to／at；② waving；③ to；
④ to/at；⑤ of；
⑥ wave us goodbye/wave goodbye to us；
6. Fishermen, tourists, hotels, homes, and cars were swept away by huge waves caused by the strong earthquake that reached a magnitude of 9.0．渔民、游客、酒店、住房和汽车都被9.0级强震所引发的巨浪卷走。
重 难 点 全 解
6. Fishermen, tourists, hotels, homes, and cars were swept away by huge waves caused by the strong earthquake that reached a magnitude of 9.0．渔民、游客、酒店、住房和汽车都被9.0级强震所引发的巨浪卷走。
过去分词（短语）作定语
过去分词作定语时，相当于形容词，其逻辑主语就是它所修饰的名
词或代词。它所修饰的名词、代词与之构成被动关系。
eg：We must adapt our thinking to the changed conditions.
我们必须调整思路来适应改变了的情况。
该句中的过去分词changed意为“改变的”，在句中作定语，用以修饰名词conditions“条件”。
重 难 点 全 解
6. Fishermen, tourists, hotels, homes, and cars were swept away by huge waves caused by the strong earthquake that reached a magnitude of 9.0．渔民、游客、酒店、住房和汽车都被9.0级强震所引发的巨浪卷走。
过去分词（短语）作定语
【用法归纳】
①单个的过去分词作定语时，常常置于其所修饰的名词前；而过去分词短语作定语时，常常置于其所修饰的名词之后。
eg：The injured workers are now being taken good care of in the hospital. 受伤的工人现在在医院受到良好的照料。
（该句中的过去分词injured“受伤的”相当于形容词，用以修饰名词workers，在句中用作定语。）
重 难 点 全 解
6. Fishermen, tourists, hotels, homes, and cars were swept away by huge waves caused by the strong earthquake that reached a magnitude of 9.0．渔民、游客、酒店、住房和汽车都被9.0级强震所引发的巨浪卷走。
过去分词（短语）作定语
【用法归纳】
①单个的过去分词作定语时，常常置于其所修饰的名词前；而过去分词短语作定语时，常常置于其所修饰的名词之后。
eg：Who were the so-called guests invited to your party last night
昨晚被邀请参加你的聚会的那些所谓的客人是谁呀？
（该句中的过去分词短语 invited...用以修饰名词 guests，在句中作后置定语。此时该句可以与Who were the so-called guests that had been invited to your party last night？互换。）
重 难 点 全 解
6. Fishermen, tourists, hotels, homes, and cars were swept away by huge waves caused by the strong earthquake that reached a magnitude of 9.0．渔民、游客、酒店、住房和汽车都被9.0级强震所引发的巨浪卷走。
过去分词（短语）作定语
【用法归纳】②过去分词修饰 something，everything， anything， nothing， somebody， nobody等不定代词以及指示代词those时，要放在这些词的后面。
eg：Nothing reported interested him. 没有什么报道的东西使他感兴趣。
（该句中的过去分词reported“报道的”作定语，用以修饰不定代词nothing，按照规则，放在其后。）
eg：He is one of those invited.他是那些被邀请的人之一。
（该句中的过去分词invited“被邀请的”作定语，用以修饰代词those，按照规则放在those的后面。）
重 难 点 全 解
6. Fishermen, tourists, hotels, homes, and cars were swept away by huge waves caused by the strong earthquake that reached a magnitude of 9.0．渔民、游客、酒店、住房和汽车都被9.0级强震所引发的巨浪卷走。
过去分词（短语）作定语
【用法归纳】
③单个的过去分词有时置于名词后作定语，用以表示强调。
eg：The experience gained is very useful. 获取的经验很有用。
（该句中的过去分词gained“获取的”用来修饰名词experience“经验”，表示强调这个经验是已经获取了的。）
eg：They decided to change the product used.他们决定改变使用过的产品
（该句中的过去分词used“使用过的”相当于形容词，用以修饰名词product“产品”，作其定语。）
重 难 点 全 解
6. Fishermen, tourists, hotels, homes, and cars were swept away by huge waves caused by the strong earthquake that reached a magnitude of 9.0．渔民、游客、酒店、住房和汽车都被9.0级强震所引发的巨浪卷走。
过去分词（短语）作定语
【用法归纳】
③单个的过去分词有时置于名词后作定语，用以表示强调。
eg：Most of the people questioned were students.
大多数被询问的人是学生。
（该句中的过去分词questioned“被询问的”用来修饰名词people,作其定语。）
重 难 点 全 解
【单句语法填空】
①They are cleaning the _____ (fall) leaves in the yard.
② I can't understand the language _____ (speak) in that country.
③Many businesses _____ (start) up by college students have taken off thanks to the comfortable climate for business creation.
【单句语法填空】
④ For breakfast he only drinks juice from fresh fruit _____ (grow) on his own farm.
⑤ It is one of the funniest things _____ (find) on the Internet so far this year.
⑥ Mrs. White showed her students some old maps _____ (borrow) from the library.
6. Fishermen, tourists, hotels, homes, and cars were swept away by huge waves caused by the strong earthquake that reached a magnitude of 9.0．渔民、游客、酒店、住房和汽车都被9.0级强震所引发的巨浪卷走。
重 难 点 全 解
【单句语法填空】
⑦ Tsinghua University, _____ (found) in 1911,is home to a great number of outstanding figures.
⑧The book _____ (write) by Mo Yan is worth reading.
【完成句子】
⑨The letter _____（昨天发的）will reach him tomo-rrow.
⑩ They were inspecting the houses _____（被暴风雨毁坏的）.
6. Fishermen, tourists, hotels, homes, and cars were swept away by huge waves caused by the strong earthquake that reached a magnitude of 9.0．渔民、游客、酒店、住房和汽车都被9.0级强震所引发的巨浪卷走。
重 难 点 全 解
【答案】
① fallen；② spoken；③ started；
④ grown；⑤ found；⑥ borrowed；⑦ founded；⑧ written；
⑨ posted yesterday；
⑩ damaged by the rainstorm
6. Fishermen, tourists, hotels, homes, and cars were swept away by huge waves caused by the strong earthquake that reached a magnitude of 9.0．渔民、游客、酒店、住房和汽车都被9.0级强震所引发的巨浪卷走。
重 难 点 全 解
7. The undersea quake struck around 7:00 a. m.,Sunday off the west coast of Indonesia＇s Sumatra Island．
海啸巨浪由周日上午7：00 许发生在印度尼西亚苏门答腊岛西岸附近海域的海底地震引发。
strike(struck,struck/stricken) （1）vt．＆vi．（灾难、疾病）侵袭；袭击；爆发
eg：The area was struck by an outbreak of cholera.
那一地区爆发了霍乱。
strike(struck,struck/stricken) （2）vt．撞；碰；撞击；碰撞vt．＆vi．敲（钟），报时，划（火柴），击出（火星）
【搭配】strike sb.on／against／in／...＋the＋表身体部位的名词 击打某人的……；
strike a match 划火柴；
重 难 点 全 解
7. The undersea quake struck around 7:00 a. m.,Sunday off the west coast of Indonesia＇s Sumatra Island．
海啸巨浪由周日上午7：00 许发生在印度尼西亚苏门答腊岛西岸附近海域的海底地震引发。
strike(struck,struck/stricken) （2）vt．撞；碰；撞击；碰撞vt．＆vi．敲（钟），报时，划（火柴），击出（火星）
eg：He fell, striking his head on the edge of the table.
他摔倒了，头碰在桌边上。
eg：She struck him in the face.
她打了他一耳光。
eg：The clock has just struck three.时钟刚刚敲过三点。
eg：The matches were damp and he couldn't make them strike.
火柴受潮了，他划不着。
eg：Strike while the iron is hot.
趁热打铁。
重 难 点 全 解
7. The undersea quake struck around 7:00 a. m.,Sunday off the west coast of Indonesia＇s Sumatra Island．
海啸巨浪由周日上午7：00 许发生在印度尼西亚苏门答腊岛西岸附近海域的海底地震引发。
strike(struck,struck/stricken) （3）vt．突然想到；一下子想起；猛地意识到（不用于进行时）
【搭配】It strikes／hits sb.that... ＝It occurs to sb.that...某人突然想起……
be struck with／by／on 被······打动；
strike...into one＇s heart 使某人感到
eg：It struck me that playing against the other team was a great learning moment for all the girls on the team.我突然意识到，对队伍里的所有女孩来说，和另一个队伍比赛是一个很好的学习机会。
重 难 点 全 解
7. The undersea quake struck around 7:00 a. m.,Sunday off the west coast of Indonesia＇s Sumatra Island．
海啸巨浪由周日上午7：00 许发生在印度尼西亚苏门答腊岛西岸附近海域的海底地震引发。
strike(struck,struck/stricken) （4）n．罢工，罢课；袭击；击，打
【搭配】
end／call off a strike 结束罢工；
be on strike 在罢工（状态）；
go on strike 举行罢工（动作）；
eg：Half the workforce are now on strike.现在有半数职工罢工。
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单句语法填空
① The news that our team won the competition struck excitement _____ our hearts.
单句语法填空
② Just before September,Mike ____ (strike) by a car and lost his right arm.
单句语法填空
③ A bright idea suddenly _____ (strike) me that I could use the money I saved to help a poor student in the countryside.
7. The undersea quake struck around 7:00 a. m.,Sunday off the west coast of Indonesia＇s Sumatra Island．
海啸巨浪由周日上午7：00 许发生在印度尼西亚苏门答腊岛西岸附近海域的海底地震引发。
重 难 点 全 解
单句语法填空
④ The workers will go _____ strike if the demands they put forward are turned down.
翻译句子
⑤ 那块石头击中了她的额头。（strike sb.on the＋身体部位）
___________________________________________.
翻译句子
⑥ 我突然想起我最喜爱的乐队今晚演出。（It strikes／hits／occurs to sb.that...)
_______________________________________________.
7. The undersea quake struck around 7:00 a. m.,Sunday off the west coast of Indonesia＇s Sumatra Island．
海啸巨浪由周日上午7：00 许发生在印度尼西亚苏门答腊岛西岸附近海域的海底地震引发。
重 难 点 全 解
答案
① into;
② was struck;
答案
③ struck；
④ on；
⑤The stone struck her on the forehead.
答案
⑥ It struck me that my favorite band was playing tonight./It hit me that my favorite band was playing tonight./ It occurred to me that my favorite band was playing tonight.
7. The undersea quake struck around 7:00 a. m.,Sunday off the west coast of Indonesia＇s Sumatra Island．
海啸巨浪由周日上午7：00 许发生在印度尼西亚苏门答腊岛西岸附近海域的海底地震引发。
重 难 点 全 解
be doing...when...正在做······，这时突然······
本句型表示在做某事的同时，突然发生另外一件事。
eg：I was watching the football match when he came in.
我正在看足球赛，这时他突然走进来。
【句型积累】
(1) be about to do...when... & be on the point of doing...when... 正要做······，这时（突然）······
eg：I was about to go to bed when my mom asked me to clean the floor. 我正要上床睡觉，这时妈妈让我扫地。
eg：I was on the point of going out when the phone rang.
我正要出去，这时电话铃突然响了。
8. I was having breakfast with my three children when water started filling my home.
当时我和三个孩子正在吃早饭，海水开始灌人屋内。
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be doing...when...正在做······，这时突然······
本句型表示在做某事的同时，突然发生另外一件事。
【句型积累】
（2）had just／hardly／scarcely done．．．when．．．刚做完······，这时……
eg：We had just arrived at the airport when the plane took off.
我们刚到机场，飞机就起飞了。
8. I was having breakfast with my three children when water started filling my home.
当时我和三个孩子正在吃早饭，海水开始灌人屋内。
重 难 点 全 解
【翻译句子】
① 汤姆正打算放弃，这时他突然找到了问题的答案。
________________________________.
②杰克正在实验室里工作，这时停电了。
（power cut，occur）
_________________________________.
③我刚到办公室，我妻子就打电话让我立刻回家。
_______________________________.
【答案】
① Tom was about to give up when he suddenly found an answer to the question.
② Jack was working in the lab when the power cut occurred.
③ I had just/hardly/ scarcely got to the office when my wife phoned me to go back home at once.
8. I was having breakfast with my three children when water started filling my home.
当时我和三个孩子正在吃早饭，海水开始灌人屋内。
重 难 点 全 解
9. Foreign aid is being organised for the tsunami-hit countriés. 目前正在为这些受灾国家组织国外援助。
aid （1）n．援助；救援物资；帮助
【搭配】first aid 急救；
come to one＇s aid （ ＝ come to the aid of sb.）来帮助某人；
go to one＇s aid （ ＝ go to the aid of sb.）去帮助某人；
in aid of 为了帮助······；用以援助······；
with／without the aid of（不）凭借或依靠······的帮助；
do/give/offer/perform/carry out first aid(to sb.)（对某人）实施急救
重 难 点 全 解
9. Foreign aid is being organised for the tsunami-hit countriés. 目前正在为这些受灾国家组织国外援助。
aid （1）n．援助；救援物资；帮助
eg：Although the hospital treatment is more professional, it does not mean that first aid is of little use.
尽管医院治疗更为专业，但是这并不意味着急救的用处不大。
eg：They all came to my aid. 他们都来帮助我。
eg：They're organising a concert in aid of charity.
他们正在组织一场音乐会来帮助慈善事业。
eg：We may travel with the aid of a good map.
我们可以靠一张好地图去旅行。
重 难 点 全 解
9. Foreign aid is being organised for the tsunami-hit countriés. 目前正在为这些受灾国家组织国外援助。
aid （2）vi．＆vt．（formal）帮助；援助（比help用法正式）
【搭配】aid sb.with sth.在某方面帮助某人搭配；
aid sb. in （doing）sth.帮助某人（做）某事；
aid sb.to do sth.帮助某人做某事；
eg：I will aid him in this matter. 在这件事上我会帮他。
eg：Aided by heat and strong winds, the fire quickly spread.
借助高温和大风，火势迅速蔓延。
重 难 点 全 解
9. Foreign aid is being organised for the tsunami-hit countriés. 目前正在为这些受灾国家组织国外援助。
aid （2）vi．＆vt．（formal）帮助；援助（比help用法正式）
【说明】aid sb. to do sth.表示“帮助某人做某事”（其中的to不可省略），也可用aid sb. in doing sth.。比较：help sb.（to）do sth.中的to可以省略。
eg：We've aided him to finish the work ahead of time.
We've aided him in finishing the work ahead of time.
We've helped him (to ) finish the work ahead of time.
我们帮助他提前完成了这项工作。
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【单句语法填空】
① _____ the aid of the doctor, Joe was back on his feet soon.
② With the aid _____ thecomputer,he worked out the problem.
③ They aided me _____ getting used to the new environ-ment.
④ The girl is badly injured. You'd better do first aid _____ her before taking her to hospital.
【单句语法填空】
⑤ The president approved the plan _____ aid of these home-less children.
⑥We have aided him _____ (complete) the project ahead of time.
=We have aided him in _____ (complete)the project ahead of time.
9. Foreign aid is being organised for the tsunami-hit countriés. 目前正在为这些受灾国家组织国外援助。
重 难 点 全 解
【翻译句子】
⑦ 他们被指控帮助他逃跑。
（aid sb.in)
__________________________.
⑧ 他去帮助那个受伤的人。
（go tothe aid of)
___________________________.
【答案】
① With；② of；③ in；④ to；
⑤ in；⑥ to complete; completing；
⑦ They were accused of aiding him in his escape.
⑧He went to the aid of the injured man.
9. Foreign aid is being organised for the tsunami-hit countriés. 目前正在为这些受灾国家组织国外援助。
重 难 点 全 解
9. Foreign aid is being organised for the tsunami-hit countriés. 目前正在为这些受灾国家组织国外援助。
现在进行时的被动语态
（1）构成
现在进行时的被动语态由“am／is／are＋being＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。
eg：The bridge is being built across the river this month.
这个月人们正在建造横跨这条河的桥。
eg：The engineer is not being treated fairly.
目前这位工程师没有受到公平的待遇。
重 难 点 全 解
9. Foreign aid is being organised for the tsunami-hit countriés. 目前正在为这些受灾国家组织国外援助。
现在进行时的被动语态
（2）意义
现在进行时的被动语态既可以表示此刻正在被进行的动作，句中常用now，at the moment 等时间状语，也可以表示现阶段正在被进行的动作，但该动作在此时此刻不一定正在发生。
eg：They are being taught English at present.
目前正在教他们英语。
eg：The funds are being raised to protect wild animals.
人们正在为保护野生动物筹款。
重 难 点 全 解
【翻译句子（用现在进行时的被动语态完成下列句子）】
① 看！孩子们现在正由老师照看着
___________________________.
②最近正在进行许多有趣的实验。
___________________________.
③你不被允许进入会议室，因为I在制订一项秘密计划。
___________________________.
【答案】
① Look！The children are being taken care of by teachers.
② Many interesting experiments are being carried out recently.
③ You aren't allowed to enter the meeting room because a secret plan is being made.
9. Foreign aid is being organised for the tsunami-hit countriés. 目前正在为这些受灾国家组织国外援助。
重 难 点 全 解
deliver （1）vt．＆vi．递送；传达
【搭配】deliver sth.to sb.把某物运送给某人；把······传达给／交付给某人；deliver newspapers 送报纸；
eg：Leaflets have been delivered to every household.
传单已发送到每家每户。
eg：Do you have your milk delivered 你的牛奶是让别人送吗
eg：We promise to deliver within 48 hours．
我们承诺在48小时内送到。
eg：Would you deliver my message to her
请你帮我把口信传给她好吗？
10. However, dangerous conditions and damaged roads will make it difficult to deliver food and supplies. 然而，由于条件险恶和道路受损，食物运送和物资补给将非常困难。
重 难 点 全 解
deliver （2）vt．发表，宣布，发布
【搭配】deliver a speech／lecture 发表演讲／作报告
eg：She is due to deliver a lecture on English learning.
根据安排她要作一个关于英语学习的演讲。
eg：He will deliver an address on the subject of war and peace. 他将就战争与和平的主题发表演说。
10. However, dangerous conditions and damaged roads will make it difficult to deliver food and supplies. 然而，由于条件险恶和道路受损，食物运送和物资补给将非常困难。
重 难 点 全 解
deliver （3）vt．接生，助产；分娩，生产
【搭配】deliver a baby 接生；
be delivered of a baby 分娩；生孩子；
eg：They rushed her to hospital where doctors delivered her baby. 他们急忙把她送到医院，医生为她接生。
eg：The baby was delivered by a young doctor.
这名婴儿是由一位年轻的医生接生的。
eg：All she hoped for was to be delivered of a healthy baby.
她所希望的是生下一个健康的宝宝。
【词语积累】deliveryn.递送；分娩；演讲方式；
an easy／a difficult delivery顺／难产；
eg：Please pay for goods on delivery. 请货到付款。
10. However, dangerous conditions and damaged roads will make it difficult to deliver food and supplies. 然而，由于条件险恶和道路受损，食物运送和物资补给将非常困难。
重 难 点 全 解
【单句语法填空】
①You promised to deliver the goods _____ us, but we haven't seen any of them yet.
② You can either pick up the goods by yourself or have them ____ (deliver).
③ I＇ll order one today and get it _____ (deliver) to you tomorrow.
④ The strike caused a great delay in the _____(deliver) of the mail.
【翻译句子】
⑤ 我们校长昨天发表了一篇鼓舞人心的演讲。（deliver a speech）
_____________________________________________________.
10. However, dangerous conditions and damaged roads will make it difficult to deliver food and supplies. 然而，由于条件险恶和道路受损，食物运送和物资补给将非常困难。
重 难 点 全 解
【完成句子】
⑥ 地震的消息一传开，大量的救灾物资被运送到灾区。
The news of the earthquake had hardly spread when a large quantity of relief supplies _____ the disaster-stricken area.
10. However, dangerous conditions and damaged roads will make it difficult to deliver food and supplies. 然而，由于条件险恶和道路受损，食物运送和物资补给将非常困难。
重 难 点 全 解
【答案】
① to；② delivered；③ delivered；④ delivery；
⑤ Our headmaster delivered an inspiring speech yesterday.
⑥ were delivered to
10. However, dangerous conditions and damaged roads will make it difficult to deliver food and supplies. 然而，由于条件险恶和道路受损，食物运送和物资补给将非常困难。
重 难 点 全 解
summary n.总结；概括；概要（→summarise v.概述；总结）
(1)eg：The following is a summary of our conclusions. 现将我们的结论概括如下。
eg：In summary,this was a disappointing performance.总的来说，这场演出令人失望。
eg：The host will make a summary about this activity. 主持人将对本次活动进行总结。
(2)The results of the research are summarised at the end of the chapter.
在这一章末尾对研究结果作了总结。
11. Read the summary of the news report.阅读新闻报道的摘要。
【词块背诵】
in summary总的来说，总之；
make a summary作总结
重 难 点 全 解
【单句语法填空】
① _____ summary, your performance was not bad.
②I made _____ summary report for the records.
【翻译句子】
③总的来说，今年的庄稼长势良好。
（summary）
___________________________________.
【答案】
① In；② a；
③ In summ-ary,the crops are growing well this year.
11. Read the summary of the news report.阅读新闻报道的摘要。
重 难 点 全 解
effect n.影响；结果；效果（→effective adj.有效的；实际的 effec-tively adv.有效地；事实上）
eg：The family environment has an effect on the shaping of children's characters. 家庭环境对儿童性格的形成有影响。
eg：If the new security system had been put into effect, such accidents would never have happened.
如果新的安全系统生效，这样的事故就不会发生了。
12. cause effect following events 起因 结果 随后的事件
重 难 点 全 解
effect n.影响；结果；效果（→effective adj.有效的；实际的 effec-tively adv.有效地；事实上）
eg：The new law has come into effect, and the number of wild animals here is on the increase now.
新的法律已经生效，现在这里野生动物的数量正在增加。
eg：The law first came into being in 2010, and it still takes effect today. 这部法律首次制定于2010年，至今一直有效。
12. cause effect following events 起因 结果 随后的事件
重 难 点 全 解
effect n.影响；结果；效果（→effective adj.有效的；实际的 effec-tively adv.有效地；事实上）
【词块背诵】have an effect on...对······有影响（ ＝ affect）；
have a great effect on 对······有重大影响；
have no effect on 对······没有影响；
bring／put sth.into effect 实行，实施，使生效；
in effect事实上，实际上；在实施中，生效中；
bring about effect 产生效果；
12. cause effect following events 起因 结果 随后的事件
重 难 点 全 解
effect n.影响；结果；效果（→effective adj.有效的；实际的 effec-tively adv.有效地；事实上）
【词块背诵】come into effect生效，开始实施；
to no effect 毫无成效；
side effects 副作用；
take effect 生效，开始起作用；
greenhouse effect 温室效应；
cause and effect 因果；
12. cause effect following events 起因 结果 随后的事件
重 难 点 全 解
【单句语法填空】
①The new law has come _____ effect ;surely it will have an effect _____ the industry of the country.
②One of the _____ (effect)ways to build vocabulary is to read good books.
【单句语法填空】
③ Regardless of your choice of course,you'll develop your language ability both quickly and ____(effective).
【翻译句子】
④你的阅读环境会对你的理解产生很大的影响。（have a greateffect on)
______________________________.
【翻译句子】
⑤我想你刚才说的话对他没有任何影响。（have no effect on）
_________________________________
12. cause effect following events 起因 结果 随后的事件
重 难 点 全 解
【答案】
① into，on；② effective；③ effectively；
④ Your reading environment can have a great effect on your understanding.
⑤I think what you said just now will have no effect on him.
12. cause effect following events 起因 结果 随后的事件
重 难 点 全 解
length n.长；长度；（持续）时间的长短；篇幅
【搭配】the length of…的长度；
reach a length of...达到·····的长度；
in length 在长度上；
keep sb.at arm＇s length 与某人保持距离；不亲近某人；
atlength最后；详细地，详尽地；
13. Is the summary the proper length？摘要的长度合适吗？
重 难 点 全 解
length n.长；长度；（持续）时间的长短；篇幅
eg：The length of the bridge is 200 meters． 这座桥有200米长。
eg：The snake usually reaches a length of 100 cm．
蛇一般长达100厘米。
eg：Her novels vary in length. 她的小说篇幅长短不一。
eg：At length my father went into the house. 我父亲最后进了屋。
eg：We have already discussed this plan at length, so next we should spare no effort to carry it out.我们已经详细地讨论了这个计划，所以接下来我们应竭尽全力地实施它。
13. Is the summary the proper length？摘要的长度合适吗？
重 难 点 全 解
length n.长；长度；（持续）时间的长短；篇幅
【词块背诵】（1）at great／full length十分详尽地；
go to any／some／great lengths 竭尽全力；不遗余力；
（2）long adj．长的 lengthen v.使变长；
eg：Researchers in Italy say moderate drinking may lengthen your life, while too much may shorten it.
意大利研究人员指出，适度饮酒可能延长寿命，而酗酒会缩短寿命
13. Is the summary the proper length？摘要的长度合适吗？
重 难 点 全 解
【词汇积累】
（1）lengthn．长度→lengthen v．（使）变长；
heightn.高度→heighten v.（使）加强，（使）提高；
strength n.力量→strengthen v.增强；
wide adj.宽的→widen v.（使）变宽；
deep adj.深的→deepen v.（使）变深；（使）加深
（2）courage n．勇气→encourage vt．鼓励；
rich adj.富有的→enrich vt.使丰富
13. Is the summary the proper length？摘要的长度合适吗？
重 难 点 全 解
【单句语法填空】
①The _____ (long) of the time needed has a close association with the amount of work.
【单句语法填空】
② They talked _____ length about the comedy that he would star in.
【单句语法填空】
③ “You owe me an explanation,”he said _____ length.
【单句语法填空】
④ She prefers to keep her relatives _____ arm's length.
13. Is the summary the proper length？摘要的长度合适吗？
重 难 点 全 解
【单句语法填空】
⑤The days _____ (length) with summer approaching.
【单句语法填空】
⑥We will _____ (strength) the protection of wet land.
【翻译句子】
⑦ 这条河长300英里。（in length）
______________________________.
【翻译句子】
⑧ 这个房间的长度是厨房的两倍。
(twice the length of)
________________________________.
13. Is the summary the proper length？摘要的长度合适吗？
重 难 点 全 解
【答案】
① length；② at；③ at；④ at；⑤ lengthen；⑥ strengthen；
⑦ The river is 300 miles in length.
⑧ This room is twice the length of the kitchen.
13. Is the summary the proper length？摘要的长度合适吗？
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