动词不定式
单项选择
1.He was careful ________ out of sight.
A.keep B.to keep C.kept D.keeping
2.—What did the boss say
—He told you ________ the report in two days.
A.complete B.completed C.completing D.to complete
3.They are working hard ________ tigers.
A.saved B.save C.to save
4.He told you ________ the report in two days.
A.complete B.completed C.completing D.to complete
5.We should be prepared _______ those in need.
A.help B.helping C.to help D.helped
6.When I am feeling blue, it is a good idea ________ a walk with my puppy ________ myself happy.
A.taking; make B.to take; make C.to take: to make D.take; to make
7.My work is ________ the room every day.
A.to clean B.to cleaning C.clean
8.It’s our duty ________ our hometown clean and beautiful. We must do something for it.
A.keeping B.keeps C.to keep
9.He is always the first person ________ to school.
A.came B.comes C.to come
10.It’s necessary for us ________ hard.
A.studying B.for studying C.to study
11.In Xiamen, citizens are required ________ the rubbish every day.
A.sort B.to sort C.sorting
12.When I got back home, I found the door was ________. I forgot ________ the door.
A.closed; closing B.open; closing C.open; to close
13.Because of COVID-19 in February, the government advised us ________ to the public places less.
A.going B.go C.to go
14.—Andy warned us ________ careful with our wallets with traveling.
—Well, he had a point. We should avoid ________ too much money with us.
A.to be; bringing B.being; bringing C.to be; to bring
15.Lily is not good at English, but she always encourages herself ________ hard at it.
A.study B.studies C.to study
16.It’s my honor ________ to give a talk here.
A.to invite B.allowing C.to be invited
17.—Jenny told us to go to her party at 5:00 pm.
—All right. I can’t wait ________ her.
A.see B.to see C.seeing
18.As the saying goes, “Details (细节) decide success or not.” ________ your dreams, you should pay more attention to even the smallest detail in your study, especially your handwriting.
A.Realize B.To realize C.Realizing
19.—Mr. Green is a good English teacher.
—Yes, he always encourages us ________ English.
A.to practice speak B.practice to speak C.to practice speaking
20.Ways should be paid more attention ________ our study.
A.to to improving B.to improving C.to to improve D.to improve
21.Good news comes that China has sent Shenzhou XIV to space ________ the unknown world.
A.explore B.explored C.exploring D.to explore
22.The husband would rather ________ at home ________ some reading.
A.stay; to do B.stay; than do C.staying; to do D.staying; than do
23.He refused __________ part in the sport meeting yesterday.
A.comes B.coming C.to come D.come
24.Now Scrooge changed and always does what he can do ________ poor people.
A.help B.helping C.helps D.to help
25.—Why does our government help farmers sell their products online these days
—________ them more easily.
A.Selling B.Sell C.To sell
26.The policewoman warned us _________ football on the street.
A.to play B.not to play C.not play
27.My mother always requests me ________ her do the housework when I am free.
A.help B.to help C.helping
28.The great earthquake warns us ________ our earth and treat it as a friend.
A.protect B.protected C.to protect D.protecting
29.— I failed ________ the exam again.
— You shouldn’t play computer games ________.
A.passing;no more B.passing;any longer
C.to pass;anymore D.to pass;no longer
30.In order to improve their studying environment, the students are made ________ in the mobile phones as soon as they reach school.
A.hand B.to hand C.banding D.banded
31.I’m afraid ________ in the river.
A.swim B.swam C.swimming D.to swim
32.Could you please tell me ________ improve my ________ ability
A.how to; read B.how to; reading C.what to; reading D.what to; read
33.Have you decided ________
A.to go with who B.who to go with C.who go with D.whom to go with
34.In fact, there is nothing ________.
A.for us to worry B.of us to worry
C.for us to be worried D.for us to worry about
35.________ the little sick bird till it could fly, Paul made a nice cage.
A.To keep B.Kept C.Keeping D.Keep
36.I can hardly know _________ so complex a matter in such a case.
A.how to do with B.what to do with C.what to deal with D.how dealing with
37.Mr Wu often encourages us ________ English after class as often as possible.
A.speak B.spoke C.to speak D.speaking
38.—Did you buy an MP4 player yesterday
—No, there were too many types. I couldn’t decide ________.
A.what to choose B.which to choose
C.which should I choose D.what I should choose
39.He seems________ a lot of money.
A.to have B.have C.having D.has
40.Perhaps you can choose one hobby ________ every day.
A.do B.to do C.does D.doing
41.I think you should practice as often as you can ________ English well.
A.improve B.to improve C.improving D.to improving
42.I think you should spend as much time as you can ________ English.
A.learn B.to learn C.learning D.to learning
43.Jill is running out of breath ________ a bus.
A.to catch B.catches C.caught D.to catching
44.He devoted his life ________ it possible for women ________ better education.
A.to make; to receive B.to make; receive C.to making; to receive D.to making; receive
45.— Can you advise me _________ to buy for my mother’s birthday
— What about a mobile phone
A.which B.whom C.why D.what
46.Tom’s aunt wants to get him ________ the radio, but he has had it ________ already.
A.repair; repair B.to repair; repair C.repair; to repair D.to repair; repaired
47.— Would you like ________ camping with me
— I’d like to, but I’m busy ________ my homework.
A.to go; to do B.to go; doing
C.going; to do D.going; doing
48.In summer, we often see some children________ in the river.
A.to swim B.swimming C.swim D.swam
49.That’s all for the text. Now let’s go on ________ the grammar.
A.learn B.to learn C.learning D.learned
50.You’d better ________ loudly in public places.
A.talk B.not talk C.don’t talk D.not talking
参考答案:
1.B
【详解】句意:他小心翼翼地躲开别人的视线。
考查非谓语动词。固定搭配be careful to do sth.“小心做某事”。故选B。
2.D
【详解】句意:——老板说了什么?——他让你在两天内完成报告。
考查非谓语动词。固定短语tell sb to do sth“告诉某人做某事”。故选D。
3.C
【详解】句意:他们正在努力拯救老虎。
考查非谓语动词。此处在句中表示目的,用动词不定式形式,故选C。
4.D
【详解】句意:他告诉你两天后完成报告。
考查不定式用法。tell sb to do sth表示“告诉某人做某事”,不定式作宾补。故选D。
5.C
【详解】句意:我们应该准备好帮助那些需要帮助的人。
考查非谓语动词。be prepared to do sth.“准备做某事,愿意做某事”,此处动词不定式。故选C。
6.C
【详解】句意:当我感到忧伤时,跟我的狗狗散步是一个让我自己开心的好主意。
考查不定式用法。第一个空,不定式作后置定语修饰名词;第二个空,用不定式表目的。故选C。
7.A
【详解】句意:我的工作是每天打扫房间。
考查非谓语动词。此处应用动词不定式,说明主语的具体内容,作表语。故选A。
8.C
【详解】句意:保持我们的家乡干净美丽是我们的责任。我们必须为它做点什么。
考查It固定句型。“It’s one’s duty to do sth.”意为“做某事是某人的职责”,其中it是形式主语,后面的动词不定式短语是真正的主语。故选C。
9.C
【详解】句意:他总是第一个来学校的人。
考查非谓语动词。come“来”,是动词,有序数词the first修饰名词person,用动词不定式作后置定语,故选C。
10.C
【详解】句意:我们有必要努力学习。
考查It固定句型。此处是固定句型:It’s +adj.+for sb. to do sth.,意为“做某事对某人来说是怎样的”,It是形式主语,不定式是真正主语,故选C。
11.B
【详解】句意:在厦门,市民被要求每天对垃圾进行分类。
考查非谓语动词。固定短语be required to do sth“被要求做某事”,故选B。
12.C
【详解】句意:当我回到家时,我发现门是开着的。我忘记关门了。
考查形容词辨析和非谓语。closed关着的,关闭;open开着的,打开;根据“When I got back home, I found the door was ________. I forgot ________ the door.”可知,第一空指发现门是开着的,故排除A;第二空考查短语“forget to do sth.”“忘记做某事”和“forget doing sth.”“忘记做过某事”,根据句意可知,第二句指忘记关门,应用不定式to do。故选C。
13.C
【详解】句意:由于2月份出现了新冠肺炎,政府建议我们少去公共场所。
考查非谓语动词。advise sb. to do sth.“建议某人做某事”,动词不定式作宾语补足语。故选C。
14.A
【详解】句意:——安迪警告我们旅行时要小心钱包。——嗯,他说得有道理。我们应该避免带太多的钱。
考查非谓语动词。warn sb. to do sth.“警告某人做某事”,动词不定式作宾语补足语;avoid doing sth.“避免做某事”,动名词作宾语。故选A。
15.C
【详解】句意:莉莉英语不好,但她总是鼓励自己努力学习。
考查非谓语动词。encourage sb. to do sth.“鼓励某人做某事”,应用动词不定式作宾语补足语。故选C。
16.C
【详解】句意:我很荣幸被邀请到这里来做演讲。
考查不定式的被动。It’s one’s honor to do sth“很荣幸做某事”,排除B,结合“It’s my honor...to give a talk here.”可知,是被邀请做演讲,故选C。
17.B
【详解】句意:Jenny告诉我们下午五点的时候去她的派对。——好的。我迫不及待想见到她。
考查动词不定式的用法。根据“I can’t wait... her.”可知,can’t wait to do sth.,表示“迫不及待去做某事”,所以此空是动词不定式to see,作实义动词wait的宾语。故选B。
18.B
【详解】句意:俗话说:“细节决定成败。”为了实现你的梦想,你应该更加注意学习中哪怕是最小的细节,尤其是你的书写。
考查动词不定式用法。realize“实现”,动词;分析句子可知,此处使用动词不定式作目的状语。故选B。
19.C
【详解】句意:——格林老师是一名优秀的英语老师。——是的,他总是鼓励我们练习说英语。
考查非谓语动词。encourage sb to do sth“鼓励某人做某事”,practice doing sth“练习做某事”,故选C。
20.C
【详解】句意:我们应该更加注意从方法上提高学习。
考查固定短语和非谓语。pay attention to sth“注意某事物”,句子是被动语态,结构为sth be paid attention to,此处to是介词。注意方法的目的是为了提高学习,用to improve作目的状语,此处to为不定式符号。故选C。
21.D
【详解】句意:好消息来了,中国已经将神舟十四号发射到太空去探索未知的世界。
考查非谓语动词。explore探索,动词原形;explored探索,动词过去式或过去分词;exploring探索,动名词或现在分词;to explore探索,动词不定式。根据“China has sent Shenzhou XIV to space”和“the unknown world”可知,中国已经将神舟十四号发射到太空,其目的是探索未知的世界,动词不定式表目的。故选D。
22.A
【详解】句意:这位丈夫宁愿待在家里读书。
考查固定句型用法。would rather do sth. than do sth.表示“宁愿做某事而不愿做某事”,第一空应填动词原形,排除选项C和D。根据句意可知此处“待在家”和“读书”不是并列选择关系,读书是待在家的目的,因此用动词不定式to do作目的状语。故选A。
23.C
【详解】句意:昨天他拒绝来参加运动会。
考查refuse的用法。refuse“拒绝”,后续动词不定式,作其宾语,故选C。
24.D
【详解】句意:现在Scrooge变了,总是尽他所能地帮助穷人。
考查动词不定式作目的状语。help帮助,动词原形;helping帮助,动名词;helps帮助,动词的三单形式;to help帮助,动词不定式。根据“does what he can do”和“poor people”可知,帮助穷人,是他尽他所能去做事情的目的,因此应用动词不定式来表目的。故选D。
25.C
【详解】句意:——为什么这些天我们的政府帮助农民网上卖他们的产品?——为了更容易卖掉它们。
考查非谓语。根据“why…”可知答语应是“为了……”,因此是不定式表示目的,用To sell。故选C。
26.B
【详解】句意:这个女警察警告我们不要在街道上踢足球。
考查非谓语。warn sb. not to do sth.表示“警告某人不做某事”;所以用not to play,不定式的否定作宾语补足语。故选B。
27.B
【详解】句意:我妈妈总是要求我有空的时候帮她做家务。
考查非谓语。此处是短语request sb to do sth“要求某人做某事”,空处用不定式形式,故选B。
28.C
【详解】句意:大地震警告我们要保护我们的地球,把它当作朋友。
考查非谓语动词。warn sb to do sth“警告某人做某事”,使用动词不定式作宾补,故选C。
29.C
【详解】句意:——我又考试不及格。——你不应该再玩电脑游戏了。
考查非谓语动词和副词辨析。fail to do sth.表示“失败做某事”,因此第一个空填“to pass”;再由“You shouldn’t play computer games…”可知,此处指的是“不再”,no longer用于句中,因此第二个空填anymore。故选C。
30.B
【详解】句意:为了改善他们的学习环境,同学们一到学校就被迫上交手机。
考查非谓语动词。make sb. do sth.“使某人做某事”,根据“...the students are made...”可知,此句为被动语态,此时要加上不定式符号to,变为sb. be made to do sth.“某人被迫做某事”,动词不定式作主语补足语。故选B。
31.D
【详解】句意:我害怕在河里游泳。
考查非谓语动词。固定短语be afraid to do sth“害怕做某事”,故选D。
32.B
【详解】句意:你可以告诉我如何提高我的阅读能力吗?
考查疑问词+不定式结构以及词义辨析。根据“improve my … ability”可知,此处指如何提高能力,用疑问词how+to的结构。reading ability“阅读能力”,动名词作定语,故选B。
33.D
【详解】句意:你决定和谁一起去了吗?
考查疑问词+不定式的用法。根据“Have you decided ...”可知,此处要用“疑问词+不定式”作“decide”的宾语,排除AC;再根据此处疑问词要做不定式“to go with”的宾语,with是介词,介词后用宾格whom。故选D。
34.D
【详解】句意:事实上,我们没有什么可担心的。
考查非谓语动词及动词短语。there is nothing for sb. to do sth.“对于某人来说做某事没什么”,短语worry about“担心”,此处是动词不定式作主语。故选D。
35.A
【详解】句意:为了让这只生病的小鸟一直飞到它能飞,保罗做了一个漂亮的笼子。
考查非谓语动词。根据“the little sick bird till it could fly”可知,和下文是目的状语的关系,此处用动词不定式,故选A。
36.B
【详解】句意:在这种情况下,我几乎不知道怎么处理如此复杂的事情。
考查“疑问词+动词不定式”结构。句中的“疑问词+动词不定式”结构,做know的宾语,排除D项。deal with“处理”,通常与how搭配使用;do with“处理”,常与what搭配使用。故选B。
37.C
【详解】句意:吴老师经常鼓励我们课后尽可能多地说英语。
考查非谓语动词。encourage sb to do sth“鼓励某人做某事”,故选C。
38.B
【详解】句意:——你昨天买了MP4播放器吗?——没有,种类太多了。我无法决定该选哪一个。
考查“疑问词+不定式”结构。根据“No, there were too many types.”可知,种类很多,所以不知道选哪一个,用which,排除AD;宾语从句应用陈述语序,排除C。故选B。
39.A
【详解】句意:他似乎有很多钱。
考查非谓语动词。seem to do sth“看起来似乎做某事”,动词不定式作宾语,故选A。
40.B
【详解】句意:也许你可以每天选个爱好来做。
考查动词用法辨析。do动词原形;to do动词不定式;does第三人称单数;doing动名词。根据前面的choose可知,choose的用法是choose sth to do表示“选择做某事”,符合语境。故选B。
41.B
【详解】句意:我认为你应该尽可能多地练习以提高英语水平。
考查动词不定式。根据“I think you should practice as often as you can …English well.”可知,此处使用动词不定式作目的状语,表示为了。故选B。
42.B
【详解】句意:我认为你应该花尽可能多的时间学习英语。
考查非谓语动词。此处在句中作目的状语,用动词不定式,故选B。
43.A
【详解】句意:吉尔上气不接下气地赶公共汽车。
考查非谓语,观察句中已经有了谓语动词,再结合“Jill is running out of breath … a bus.”可推知跑得上气不接下气是为了赶上公交车,不定式表目的,故选A。
44.C
【详解】句意:他毕生致力于使妇女能够接受更好的教育。
考查非谓语动词。devote one’s life to doing sth.意为“把一生都奉献给……”,故第一空填to making;make it+形容词+to do sth.意为“使做某事……”,所以第二空应填动词不定式作宾语,故选C。
45.D
【详解】句意:——你能建议我给我妈妈买什么生日礼物吗?——买一个手机怎么样?
考查疑问词。which哪一个;whom谁;why为什么;what什么。根据“What about a mobile phone ”可知是问对方买什么生日礼物,故选D。
46.D
【详解】句意:汤姆的婶婶想让他修理收音机,但他已经把它修好了。
考查非谓语动词。固定搭配:get sb to do sth“让某人做某事”,动词不定式作宾语补足语。第二个空“it”与动词“repair”是动宾关系,用固定搭配have sth done“使某物被做”的用法,过去分词作宾补,故选D。
47.B
【详解】句意:——你愿意和我一起去露营吗?——我很愿意去,但我正忙着做作业。
考查动词不定式和动名词的用法。根据“Would you like”可知,would like to do sth.“愿意做某事”,第一空使用动词不定式;根据“I’m busy...my homework”可知,be busy doing sth.“忙于做某事”,第二空使用动名词。故选B。
48.C
【详解】句意:夏天,我们经常看到一些孩子在河里游泳。
考查非谓语动词。根据频率副词often可知,此处不是表示动词正在进行,不可用现在分词作宾语补足语,短语see sb. do sth.“看见某人做某事”;swim“游泳”,是动词。故选C。
49.B
【详解】句意:课文到此为止。现在让我们继续学习语法。
考查非谓语。go on to do sth“继续做不同的事情”,go on doing sth“继续做同一件事”,根据“That’s all for the text.”以及“the grammar”可知,此处指“做不同的事情”,应用go on to do sth的结构,故选B。
50.B
【详解】句意:你最好不要在公共场所大声说话。
考查动词不定式的否定。had better do“最好做”,否定形式为had better not do“最好不做”。根据“You’d better...loudly in public places.”可知最好不要在公共场所大声说话。故选B。