2023届高考英语听说专项-停顿课件（20张PPT）

(共20张PPT)
Sentence Stress
Sentence Stress
The basic rules of sentence stress are:
content words are stressed
structure words are unstressed
the interval between stressed words is always the same
Content words
Content words - stressed
Words carrying the meaning Example
main verbs sell, give, employ
nouns car, music, Mary
adjectives red, big, interesting
adverbs quickly, loudly, never
negative auxiliaries don't, can't, aren't
Structure words
Structure words - unstressed
Words for correct grammar Example
pronouns he, we, they
prepositions on, at, into
articles a, an, the
conjunctions and, but, because
auxiliary verbs do, be, have, can, must
1. She is "twenty-three.
2."Walking "all "day, he "began to "feel "very "tired.
3.If you "love "sleep, you will "end in "poverty. "Stay a"wake, "work "hard, and there will be "plenty to "eat!
4. To"day’s oppor"tunity is "yesterday’s "dream and to"morrow's "memory.
5. "Every "great a"chievement was "once im"possible.
Exceptions for Pronouns
The following pronouns can receive stress in a sentence:
指示代词 this, that, these, those
名词性物主代词 mine, yours, his, hers, theirs
疑问代词 who, what, which, whose
不定代词 both, either, none, someone, somebody, everyone, everybody, nobody, anyone, anybody, something, anything等
做强调用的反身代词 myself, yourself, himself
She likes music, doesn't she
Both of them have something important to do this evening.
Their policy is: What is mine is mine; what is yours is negotiable.
Few people like to read books like this. I don’t like to read them myself.
Everything you said is true. We know we must help each other.
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Exceptions for Main Verbs
The following verbs are not stressed:
‘to be’ as a main verbs: am, is, are, was, were
auxiliary verbs: do, be, have
modal verbs: can, must, have to, may
note:
Negative auxiliary verbs receive sentence stress.
If you had worked harder, you would have done much better.
We are judged by what we finished, not by what we started.
He has had a temperature for three days.
My car was still being repaired when I called at the garage.
Theirs is a large family. They have three daughters and four sons.
You must be kidding. No one could have done such a thing.
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7. He may come at any moment.
8. If it is going to rain tomorrow, we will have to put off our picnic.
9. A danger foreseen is half avoided.
10. He had never been beaten at tennis before he retired.
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You can’t build a reputation on what you are going to do.
You shouldn’t have said that.
You can’t be serious. We can’t do so many things in such a short time.
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Exceptions for Main Verbs
be动词、助动词、情态动词用于简略问句、简略回答、位于句首和为了加强语气时，都要重读。
1. Had I known, I would have told you about it.
2. You haven’t done your homework, have you Yes, I have.
3. It isn’t a good idea, is it No, it isn’t.
4. I did see him yesterday.
5. He must be having a hard time lately.
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Exceptions for Preps.
Prepositions with two and three syllables receive sentence stress:
between, including, concerning
The noun in a prepositional phrase receives stress:
as a 'result of, for the 'sake of, in 'spite of
When the preposition is at the beginning of a sentence or following ‘to be’ verbs
Beside the lake stands a cottage.
John did very well in his exames considering how little he studied.
Within you lies a power greater than what lies before you.
Please close the door behind you.
You will succeed as long as you keep trying.
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Exceptions for Conjuctions
连词一般没有语句重音，包括在定语从句中的关系代词that, which, who, whom, whose和关系副词when, where, why。但在诸如as soon as, as long as, as well as等连词短语中的形容词和副词，仍然要重读。
It was so late that we had to ask the farmer to put us up for the night.
He stood up and spoke clearly so that everyone could see and hear.
As soon as he was dismissed from his position, he started his own business.
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Note
英语语句中还要根据上下文，根据说话人要表达的情感来决定哪些词需要重音。
有时因为重复，句子中的实词会失去重音；有时为了对比、强调、位置等原因，虚词也可以有重音，而且在这种情况下，该词的重音要比句中其他含有语句重音的词读得更加突出些。
No news is good news.
A man is as old as he feels; a woman is as old as she looks.
Shared joy is double joy, and shared sorrow is half-sorrow.
Becoming number one is easier than remaining number one.
I said the book, not a book.
He that gives should never remember; he that receives should never forget.
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7. The only way to have a friend is to be a friend.
8. You may like it, but I don’t.
9. This is your responsibility, not mine.
10. The window is not on the wall; it’s in the wall.
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Pause and Rhythm