(共31张PPT)
The Attributive Clause
What is the attribute
(什么是定语）
a red apple a beautiful girl
形容词作定语
my friend
his pen
代词作定语
a girl in red
a man with glasses
介词短语作定语
apple tree
shoe shop
名词作定语
什么是定语？
定语就是用来修饰名词或者代词的成分
What is the attributive clause (什么是定语从句）
1.什么是定语从句？
修饰某一名词或代词的句子。
被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词；
Zhong Nanshan is a doctor who/that is known to many Chinese people.
先行词
关系词
定语从句
先行词：被修饰的成分,即名词或代词。
引导词有关系代词：who whom whose that which
关系副词：when where why
2.定语从句的结构
先行词＋关系词＋从句
（1）关系词紧跟先行词；
（2）关系词包括关系代词和关系副词；
I know the boy who is sitting on the desk.
主句
定语从句
先行词
引导词
3.关系词三功能
4.关系代词有：who,which,whom,whose,that
She is the girl who/that called me five times yesterday.
The man whom/who/that I talked to was a singer.
I like the dog which/that likes to play hide and seek with me.
It is a house whose window is broken.
I know the boy whose parents are teachers.
关系 代词 指代的 先行词 在从句中 所做成分 是否可省略
that
which
who
whom
whose
人，物
主语,宾语
作宾语可省略
物
主语,宾语
作宾语可省略
人
主语,宾语
作宾语可省略
人
宾语
可省略
(人/物)的
定语
不可省略
巧记关系代词：
是人就用who，宾语可用whom,
定语用whose, 非人用which,
that都可以。
She is a Chinese woman doctor.
She received the Nobel Prize.
注：一合并，二去重，三添词
She is a Chinese woman doctor who/that received the Nobel Prize.
Harry Porter
This is a famous book.
J.K Rowling wrote the book.
This is a famous book that/which J.K Rowling wrote.
注：一合并，二去重，三添词
The man who/that is speaking at the meeting is an expert.
The man is an expert.
The man is speaking at the meeting.
These are masks which are made in China.
These are masks.
Masks are made in China.
The woman whom they want to visit is a doctor.
The woman is a doctor.
They want to visit the woman.
注： whose 在定语从句中作定语，表示引导词
与 whose 后的名词为所属关系。 whose
多指人，也可指物，指物时可与 of which
互换使用, 即the+名词＋of which\whom或of which\ whom ＋ the+名词。
This is the book whose cover is blue.
This is the book of which the cover is blue.
＝of which the book
1.Do you know the girl whose hair is
very short in our class
2.He is the student whose pencil I
broke yesterday.
3.The teacher, whose son I work with,
is liked by all the students.
4.The chair, the legs of which are broken, is
being repaired now.
5.只能用that不能用which的情况
有人又有物；
不定序数最高级；
the only,very,last,same
主句which/who;
当先行词：
1. —Do you know the man is cooking in the kitchen
—Sure.He is my uncle.
A.whose B.which C.who D.whom
2. —What are you doing
—We are talking about the singers we like.
A.what B.which C. whose D.whom
3. This is the book he likes very much.
A.who B./ C.where D.whose
C
D
小试身手
B
4. —A plane is a machine can fly.
A.whose B.that C.who D.whom
5. —What are you doing
—I'm looking for a book cover is red.
A.what B.which C.whose D.whom
6. They talked about the things and people were
unforgetable.
A.who B.which C.that D.whose
B
小试身手
C
C
7.China is the third nation sent the person into space.
A.which B.that C.who D.whose
8.This is the best book was written by him.
A.which B.that C.who D.whose
9.Who is the person first stepped on the moon
A .that B.who C.whose D.when
B
B
小试身手
A
1. This is all ____ I know about the matter.
A. that B. what C. who D. which
2. Is there anything else _____ you require
A. which B. that C. who D. what
3. The last place _____ we visited was the Great Wall.
A. which B. that C. where D. it
4. He talked happily about the men and books
_____ interested him greatly in the school.
A. which B. that C. it D. whom
A
B
B
B
that和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换, 但在下列情况下, 一般用which而不用that。
(1) 关系代词在限制性定语从句中紧跟介词作宾语（介词提前）
Those are many trees under which they can have a rest.
(2) 在非限制性定语从句中
Football , which is a very popular game, is played all over the world.
(3)先行词本身是that，或句子中已经有了that
What I want to do is that which will help us all.
1. I have a friend __________ likes listening to Classical music.
2. Yesterday Emily was wearing the new dress ________ I gave her.
3. The man ________ leg broke in a match used to be a football player.
4. Kevin is reading a book _________is too difficult for him.
5. The family _____ I’m staying with lives in town.
6. I know the student _________ article was published.
7. Betty, ________ has never been abroad , is studying English very well.
8. My parents live in a house ___________ is more than 100 years old.
9. The boy with ______ John spoke is my brother.
who\that
which\that
whose
which\that
that\which
whose
Who
which\that
whom
定语从句中的关系副词：
when, where, why
when在定语从句中作时间状语，相当于
“介词+ 关系代词（which）”。
I’ll never forget the day when I joined the league.
on which
where在定语从句中作地点状语，相当于
“介词+ 关系代词（which）”。
This is the house where I lived two years ago.
in which
why在定语从句中作原因状语，相当
于“介词for+ 关系代词（which）”。
Do you know the reason why she was late.
It rained heavily, for which he was late for
the class.
限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句：
My sister, who is twenty, works in
a bank.
The man who came here yesterday has
come again.
限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语，
如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整或失去意义。这种从
句和主句关系十分密切， 写时不用逗号分开。
非限制性定语从句和主句关系不很密切，只是对先
行词作些附加说明， 如果去掉，主句的意思仍然清楚。
这种从句， 写时往往逗号分开。
* which, who, as 引导非限制性定语从句的区别：
Which和who引导的从句与主句关系较密切，常放在主句之后,并用逗号隔开。which指物，who指人。
而as引导从句，可放在句首、句中或句尾。译为“正如…..那样”，已形成固定结构。 如：as we know, as you see,as is known, as is said, as is reported.
eg. ①Einstein, as is known to all, is a famous scientist.
②As is reported, China has become an important country in the world.
④Bamboo is hollow, which makes it very light.
⑤My son now goes to the school, which I used go to when I was a child.
He is the man__ house the pictures are taken.
A. whose B.which C.from whose D.that
2.He lives in the flat,__he can see__ is happen-
ing in the street. A.there/what
B.where/something C.from whose window/all that
3.That was the most interesting film__I have seen.
A. whose B.that C. which D.what
4.Ahead of me I saw a woman__I thought was
my aunt.
A. who B. whom C. from whom D. of whom
5.Watch the girl and her dog__are crossing
the street.
A. who B. which C. that D. they
6. He is the very one of the students____ good at
English.
A. who does B.that is C.whom do D.which are
7.The second book___I want to read is Traveis in
China by Rewi Alley.
A. which B. that C. what D.as
8.He is the same teacher___spoke at the meeting
on the opening ceremony.
A. as B. whom C. that D. who
9.The days___I spent in the countryside in my
childhood was the happiest time___I had ever
had in my life. D. that/that
A. when/when B. when/that C. that /whichMy Love
An empty street To hold you in my arms
An empty house To promise you my love
A hole inside my heart To tell you from the heart
I'm all alone You're all I'm thinking of
The rooms are getting smaller I'm reaching for a love that seems so far
I wonder how So I say a little prayer
I wonder why And hope my dreams will take me there
I wonder where they are Where the skies are blue to see you once again, my love
The days we had Over seas from coast to coast
The songs we sang together To find a place I love the most
Oh yeah Where the fields are green to see you once again,my love
And oh my love say a little prayer
I'm holding on forever dreams will take me there
Reaching for a love that seems so far Where the skies are blue to see you once again
So I say a little prayer Over seas from coast to coast
And hope my dreams will take me there To find a place I love the most
Where the skies are blue to see you once again, my love
Over seas from coast to coast Where the fields are green to see you once again, my love
To find a place I love the most
Where the fields are green to see you once again, my love
I try to read
I go to work
I'm laughing with my friends
But I can't stop to keep myself from thinking
Oh no I wonder how
I wonder why
I wonder where they are
The days we had
The songs we sang together
Oh yeah, And oh my love
I'm holding on forever
Reaching for a love that seems so far
So I say a little prayer
And hope my dreams will take me there
Where the skies are blue to see you once again, my love
Over seas from coast to coast
To find a place I love the most
Where the fields are green to see you once again
