中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2023中考话题课堂手册Topic 4 Activities and plans第一课时（学生版）
考点一 be going to do sth.
【考点点拨】
意义及用法 例句
be going to do sth 表示已经决定或已经安排要做的事，也可以用来表示很可能或必然发生的事。 We are going to play football after school.我们放学后去踢足球。
注意：如果表示说话人的判断，不宜用will代替 be going to。但是，如果表示交谈时的临时决定，则不宜用be going to 应用will 或shall。 Look at the dark clouds. It’s going to rain.看那乌云。要下雨了。（这里不用will代替 be going to.）—I'm sorry. I forgot to post your letter.—“对不起，我忘记给你寄信了。”—That's all right. I'll post it myself.—“没关系，我自己去寄。”（这里不用I'm going to post it myself。）
be about to do 表示即将做或正要做，不能与表示将来的时间状语连用。 Many of the coal mines are about to be closed.其中许多煤矿就要被关闭了。
be to do sth. 表示按计划、约定或按职责、义务应该在短期内将要发生的动作。 The meeting is to be held this afternoon.这个会将在今天下午召开。
【考点连线】
1.【2022安徽省】27. —What are you saving money for
—Father’s Day is around the corner. I ________ a gift for my father.
A. am going to buy B. have bought C. bought D. was buying
2.【2022辽宁省大连】4. —What’s your plan for the weekend, Helen
—I ________my grandparents.
A. visit B. visited C. have visited D. am going to visit
考点二 动词+up短语
【考点点拨】
add up合计；come up走近；上来；hurry up赶快；grow up长大；成长；call up召集；打电话；cheer up使高兴；振作clean up打扫；give up放弃；pick up捡起；获得；send up发出；射出；look up仰望；查寻put up抬起；举起；eat up吃光；吃完；keep up维持；继续；break up分裂；解散； make up弥补；虚构；bring up教育；培养；show up出现；stay up熬夜；set up设立；tidy up收拾，整理；take up开始从事；专注于；占用；wake up醒来；warm up热身dress up打扮；装饰； hold up支撑
【考点连线】
1.【2022新疆】25. We promised to meet at 10 in the park last Sunday, but Bob didn’t ________ until 12.
A. put up B. show up C. stay up D. give up
2.【2022浙江温州】7. In China, people usually ________ their houses to sweep away bad luck before Spring Festival.
A. clean up B. look up C. make up D. put up
3.【2022辽宁省朝阳】6. —What are you going to do this weekend
—I am going to visit the sick kids in the hospital and _________ them _________ as a volunteer.
A. wake; up B. cheer; up C. give; up D. pick; up
4.【2021年安徽省】6. Every student is supposed to ________ a sporting activity for a healthy life.
A. come across B. put away C. turn down D. take up
5.【2021年海南省】12. — What are you going to be when you ________
— I want to be a doctor like Wu Mengchao.
A. grow up B. turn up C. get up
6.【2021年江苏苏州市】3. I know how busy you are and naturally I wouldn’t take ________ too much of your time.
A. off B. up C. on D. down
7.【2021年江苏省宿迁市】8. —Suzy, your room is really in a mess.
—Sorry, Mum. I’ll ________ right now.
A. tidy up B. put up C. look up D. stay up
8. 【2020江苏泰州】12.Sandy seldom goes out at weekends because reading ________ most of her free time.
A. takes up B. takes on C. takes off D. takes out
9.【2020辽宁丹东】10.—You seem tired. What's wrong
—I ________ to study for my English test last night.
A. picked up B. woke up C. cheered up D. stayed up
10. Whenever he is late, he will __________ an excuse. So we wonder what excuse he will invent next time.
A. set up B. put up C. take up D. make up
考点三一般将来时
【考点点拨】
一般将来时由助动词shall或will家动词原形构成，shall用于第一人称，will用于第二、三人成。
一般过去时肯定、否定、疑问的构成结构如下表:
肯定句 否定句 疑问句
I /We shall /will go.You /He/ She/ They will go. I / We shall /will not go.You /He /She /They will not go. Shall I /we go Will you / he/ she / they go
一般将来时的几种用法如下：
1、表示将来发生的动作或存在的状态，常与tomorrow， next week（year，month）等表示时间的副词或副词短语连用。例如：
Use your head, then you'll find a way.动动脑筋，你会找到办法的。
Will he be back in an hour 他一小时候回来吗？
We shan't watch TV this evening.今晚我们不看电视。
2、表示将来经常或反复发生的动作。例如：
From now on I'll do morning exercises every day.从现在起我将每天做早操。
He will come and help me with my English every Sunday evening.他将每个星期天晚上来帮助我学英语。
3、某些终止性动词的现在进行时可表示将来。这类动词常见的有：go，come，leave，start，arrive，spent，sail，meet等这种结构常用来表示按计划、安排即将发生的动作。例如：
The train is leaving at 8：00.火车八点开。
She is spending her holiday in China.她将要到中国度假。
4、某些动词也可用一般现在时表示将来时。一般现在时表示将来时，通常强调已决定的、有计划的或者即将发生的行为。而且通常应与表示未来的时间状语连用。用于这种结构的动词通常为：begin, come，go，leave，sail，start，arrive，meet，return，dine等。例如：
We meet tomorrow morning at the school gate.我们明天早上在学校门口碰头。
I leave for Shanghai on Saturday.我星期六起程去上海。
【考点连线】
1.【2022北京】8. Don’t lose heart. If you keep working hard, you _________ some day.
A. will succeed B. succeed C. succeeded D. have succeeded
2.【2022重庆市B卷】4. I ________ a party next Saturday. I hope you can come.
A. had B. was having C. have had D. will have
3.【2022河北】7. John is waiting for me. We ________ to the bookstore together.
A. went B. have gone C. will go D. were going
4.【2022云南省】13. How time flies! I ________ a senior high school this September.
A. enter B. entered C. will enter D. have entered
5.【2022江西】6. Don’t leave your toys on the table, or I ________ them away.
A. threw B. will throw C. have thrown D. was throwing
6. 【2022广西省百色】9.I don't know if it _________ tomorrow, but if it _________, I'll stay at home.
A. will rain; rains B. will rain; will rain
C. rains; will rain D. rains; rains
7.【2022四川省自贡】5. —What are you going to do in the summer vacation
—I ________ a volunteer in the hospital.
A. was B. am C. will be
8.【2022浙江温州】8. —Lydia, have you decided which city to travel to, London or New York
—Not yet. Maybe I ________ London to meet my friends this time.
A. visit B. visited C. will visit D. was visiting
9. 【2022广西省玉林】5. — As far as I know, there _____ a high-speed train from Yulin to Shenzhen in 2023.
— Yeah! It will be more convenient for the people in Yulin.
A. will be B. has C. is D. will have
10. 【2021年河北省】6. You can borrow this film—surely you ________ watching it.
A. enjoy B. enjoyed C. will enjoy D. have enjoyed
考点四make sure的用法
【考点点拨】
意义及用法 例句
make sure十that从句，意为“确保；查明”，常用于祈使句 Please make sure the lights are off when you leave.当你离开时，请确保灯是关着的。
be sure +of/about+名词、代词或动名词，意为“确信；对……有把握” He is sure of success.他自信会成功的。
be sure to do sth.意为“务必做某事；一定做某事”，相当于make sure to do sth. He is sure to have known about that.他准是知道那件事。
be sure十(that)从句，表示“肯定；确信”，有时可与be sure to do sth.互换 We are sure he will make great progress this term.我们确信他这学期一定会取得巨大进步。
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2023中考话题课堂手册Topic 4 Activities and plans第一课时（教师版）
考点一 be going to do sth.
【考点点拨】
意义及用法 例句
be going to do sth 表示已经决定或已经安排要做的事，也可以用来表示很可能或必然发生的事。 We are going to play football after school.我们放学后去踢足球。
注意：如果表示说话人的判断，不宜用will代替 be going to。但是，如果表示交谈时的临时决定，则不宜用be going to 应用will 或shall。 Look at the dark clouds. It’s going to rain.看那乌云。要下雨了。（这里不用will代替 be going to.）—I'm sorry. I forgot to post your letter.—“对不起，我忘记给你寄信了。”—That's all right. I'll post it myself.—“没关系，我自己去寄。”（这里不用I'm going to post it myself。）
be about to do 表示即将做或正要做，不能与表示将来的时间状语连用。 Many of the coal mines are about to be closed.其中许多煤矿就要被关闭了。
be to do sth. 表示按计划、约定或按职责、义务应该在短期内将要发生的动作。 The meeting is to be held this afternoon.这个会将在今天下午召开。
【考点连线】
1.【2022安徽省】27. —What are you saving money for
—Father’s Day is around the corner. I ________ a gift for my father.
A. am going to buy B. have bought C. bought D. was buying
【答案】A
【解析】考查时态。句意：——你存钱干什么？——父亲节要到了。我打算给我父亲买一个礼物。表示计划或打算用一般将来时。故答案选A。
2.【2022辽宁省大连】4. —What’s your plan for the weekend, Helen
—I ________my grandparents.
A. visit B. visited C. have visited D. am going to visit
【答案】D
【解析】考查动词时态。句意：——你周末有什么计划，海伦？——我要去拜访我的祖父母。根据“What’s your plan for the weekend, Helen ”可知，此处是询问周末计划，需用一般将来时。故选D。
考点二 动词+up短语
add up合计；come up走近；上来；hurry up赶快；grow up长大；成长；call up召集；打电话；cheer up使高兴；振作clean up打扫；give up放弃；pick up捡起；获得；send up发出；射出；look up仰望；查寻put up抬起；举起；eat up吃光；吃完；keep up维持；继续；break up分裂；解散； make up弥补；虚构；bring up教育；培养；show up出现；stay up熬夜；set up设立；tidy up收拾，整理；take up开始从事；专注于；占用；wake up醒来；warm up热身dress up打扮；装饰； hold up支撑
【考点连线】
1.【2022新疆】25. We promised to meet at 10 in the park last Sunday, but Bob didn’t ________ until 12.
A. put up B. show up C. stay up D. give up
【答案】B
【解析】考查动词短语。句意：我们约好上周日10点在公园见面，但鲍勃直到12点才露面。put up搭建；show up出现；stay up熬夜；give up放弃。根据“We promised to meet at 10 in the park last Sunday”可知，约定了见面地点和时间，但是鲍勃直到12点才出现。故选B。
2.【2022浙江温州】7. In China, people usually ________ their houses to sweep away bad luck before Spring Festival.
A. clean up B. look up C. make up D. put up
【答案】A
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：在中国，人们通常在春节前打扫房子，把坏运气扫走。 clean up打扫；look up查询；make up编造；put up张贴。根据“their houses to sweep away bad luck before Spring Festival”及常识可知，在春节前打扫房子，把坏运气扫走，故选A。
3.【2022辽宁省朝阳】6. —What are you going to do this weekend
—I am going to visit the sick kids in the hospital and _________ them _________ as a volunteer.
A. wake; up B. cheer; up C. give; up D. pick; up
【答案】B
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：——这个周末你打算做什么？——我要去医院看望生病的孩子们，做志愿者让他们高兴起来。 wake up叫醒；cheer up使高兴；give up放弃；pick up捡起。根据“I am going to visit the sick kids in the hospital and...them...as a volunteer.”可知，做志愿者是为了让生病的孩子高兴，故选B。
4.【2021年安徽省】6. Every student is supposed to ________ a sporting activity for a healthy life.
A. come across B. put away C. turn down D. take up
【答案】D
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：为了健康的生活，每个学生都应该参加体育活动。come across偶遇；put away整理；turn down拒绝；take up开始从事。根据“…a sporting activity for a healthy life”可知，此处表示“参加”，take up符合语境，故选D。
5.【2021年海南省】12. — What are you going to be when you ________
— I want to be a doctor like Wu Mengchao.
A. grow up B. turn up C. get up
【答案】A
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：——当你长大后，你想成为什么人？——我想成为像吴孟超一样的医生。grow up长大；turn up开大；get up起床。根据“ I want to be a doctor like Wu Mengchao.”可知此处指长大以后想成为的人。故选A。
6.【2021年江苏苏州市】3. I know how busy you are and naturally I wouldn’t take ________ too much of your time.
A. off B. up C. on D. down
【答案】B
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我知道你很忙，自然我不会占用你太多时间。take off起飞，脱下；take up占据，开始从事；take on迎接；take down记下。根据“too much of your time”可知，是占用时间，故选B。
7.【2021年江苏省宿迁市】8. —Suzy, your room is really in a mess.
—Sorry, Mum. I’ll ________ right now.
A. tidy up B. put up C. look up D. stay up
【答案】A
【解析】考查动词短语。句意：——苏西，你的房间真是一团糟。——对不起，妈妈。我马上收拾。tidy up收拾，整理；put up张贴；look up查找；stay up熬夜。根据“your room is really in a mess”可知，苏西要收拾房间。故选A。
8. 【2020江苏泰州】12.Sandy seldom goes out at weekends because reading ________ most of her free time.
A. takes up B. takes on C. takes off D. takes out
【答案】A
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：桑迪周末很少外出，因为读书占用了她大部分的空闲时间。takes up占用；takes on承担，接受；takes off 脱下，起飞；takes out取出，去掉。根据前面“seldom goes out很少外出”及空后的“most of her free time”可知，此处是表达“占用”了她大部分的空闲时间。故选A。
9.【2020辽宁丹东】10.—You seem tired. What's wrong
—I ________ to study for my English test last night.
A. picked up B. woke up C. cheered up D. stayed up
【答案】D
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：——你好像很累。怎么了？——我昨天晚上熬夜为英语考试复习呢。picked up拾起，捡起；woke up叫醒；cheered up使振作起来；stayed up熬夜。根据句中的情景“You seemed tired”以及“…to study for my English test last night”可知，这里应表示熬夜复习，所以会非常疲惫。故选D。
10. Whenever he is late, he will __________ an excuse. So we wonder what excuse he will invent next time.
A. set up B. put up C. take up D. make up
【答案】D
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：无论他什么时候迟到，他都会编造一个理由。所以我们想知道下一次他会创造什么理由。set up设置；put up张贴；take up从事；make up编造。根据So we wonder what excuse he will invent next time，可知，他无论什么时候都能编出一个理由，所以都想知道下一次他又创造什么样的理由，所以空格处填make up。故选D。
考点三一般将来时
一般将来时由助动词shall或will家动词原形构成，shall用于第一人称，will用于第二、三人成。
一般过去时肯定、否定、疑问的构成结构如下表:
肯定句 否定句 疑问句
I /We shall /will go.You /He/ She/ They will go. I / We shall /will not go.You /He /She /They will not go. Shall I /we go Will you / he/ she / they go
一般将来时的几种用法如下：
1、表示将来发生的动作或存在的状态，常与tomorrow， next week（year，month）等表示时间的副词或副词短语连用。例如：
Use your head, then you'll find a way.动动脑筋，你会找到办法的。
Will he be back in an hour 他一小时候回来吗？
We shan't watch TV this evening.今晚我们不看电视。
2、表示将来经常或反复发生的动作。例如：
From now on I'll do morning exercises every day.从现在起我将每天做早操。
He will come and help me with my English every Sunday evening.他将每个星期天晚上来帮助我学英语。
3、某些终止性动词的现在进行时可表示将来。这类动词常见的有：go，come，leave，start，arrive，spent，sail，meet等这种结构常用来表示按计划、安排即将发生的动作。例如：
The train is leaving at 8：00.火车八点开。
She is spending her holiday in China.她将要到中国度假。
4、某些动词也可用一般现在时表示将来时。一般现在时表示将来时，通常强调已决定的、有计划的或者即将发生的行为。而且通常应与表示未来的时间状语连用。用于这种结构的动词通常为：begin, come，go，leave，sail，start，arrive，meet，return，dine等。例如：
We meet tomorrow morning at the school gate.我们明天早上在学校门口碰头。
I leave for Shanghai on Saturday.我星期六起程去上海。
【考点连线】
1.【2022北京】8. Don’t lose heart. If you keep working hard, you _________ some day.
A. will succeed B. succeed C. succeeded D. have succeeded
【答案】A
【解析】考查if引导的条件状语从句。句意：不要灰心。如果你继续努力，将来某一天你会成功的。if表示“如果”时遵循“主将从现”原则，即主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时；空格处于主句位置，故用一般将来时。故选A。
2.【2022重庆市B卷】4. I ________ a party next Saturday. I hope you can come.
A. had B. was having C. have had D. will have
【答案】D
【解析】考查一般将来时。句意：下周六我将举行一个聚会。我希望你能来。根据“next Saturday”可知，时态是一般将来时，故选D。
3.【2022河北】7. John is waiting for me. We ________ to the bookstore together.
A. went B. have gone C. will go D. were going
【答案】C
【解析】考查一般将来时。句意：约翰在等我。 我们将一起去书店。 根据“John is waiting for me. We...to the bookstore together.”可知，二人将要一起去书店，用一般将来时，故选C。
4.【2022云南省】13. How time flies! I ________ a senior high school this September.
A. enter B. entered C. will enter D. have entered
【答案】C
【解析】考查动词时态。句意：时间过得多快! 今年九月我将进入高中。根据“this September”可知，此句用一般将来时will do的结构，故选C。
5.【2022江西】6. Don’t leave your toys on the table, or I ________ them away.
A. threw B. will throw C. have thrown D. was throwing
【答案】B
【解析】考查时态。句意：不要把你的玩具放在桌子上，否则我就把它们扔掉。句子用“祈使句，or+陈述句”结构，表示如果把玩具放在桌子上，将会把它们扔了，此处用一般将来时，其结构为will do。故选B。
6. 【2022广西省百色】9.I don't know if it _________ tomorrow, but if it _________, I'll stay at home.
A. will rain; rains B. will rain; will rain
C. rains; will rain D. rains; rains
【答案】A
【解析】考查时态。句意：我不知道明天是否会下雨，但如果下雨，我就呆在家里。第一个空为if 引导的宾语从句，主句是一般现在时，根据tomorrow可知从句用一般将来时will+动词原形；第二个空if引导的条件状语从句，遵循主将从现的原则（主句是一般将来时时，从句用一般现在时），根据主句I'll stay at home.可知主句是一般将来时，所以从句用一般现在时，故答案为A。
7.【2022四川省自贡】5. —What are you going to do in the summer vacation
—I ________ a volunteer in the hospital.
A. was B. am C. will be
【答案】C
【解析】考查时态。句意：——暑假你打算做什么？——我将成为医院的志愿者。根据“What are you going to do in the summer vacation”可知此处描述将来的动作，用一般将来时will do。故选C。
8.【2022浙江温州】8. —Lydia, have you decided which city to travel to, London or New York
—Not yet. Maybe I ________ London to meet my friends this time.
A. visit B. visited C. will visit D. was visiting
【答案】C
【解析】考查动词时态。句意：——Lydia，你决定去哪个城市旅行了吗，伦敦还是纽约？——还没有。也许我这次会去伦敦见我的朋友。根据“have you decided which city to travel to, London or New York”及“Not yet”可知，去伦敦的这个事情还没有发生，用一般将来时will do的结构，故选C。
9. 【2022广西省玉林】5. — As far as I know, there _____ a high-speed train from Yulin to Shenzhen in 2023.
— Yeah! It will be more convenient for the people in Yulin.
A. will be B. has C. is D. will have
【答案】A
【解析】考查there be句型的一般将来时结构。句意：——据我所知，2023年将有从榆林到深圳的高铁。——耶！这对榆林的人们来说会更方便。根据“in 2023”可知，此处要用there be句型的一般将来时结构there will be，故选A。
10. 【2021年河北省】6. You can borrow this film—surely you ________ watching it.
A. enjoy B. enjoyed C. will enjoy D. have enjoyed
【答案】C
【解析】考查动词时态。句意：你可以借这部电影——当然你会喜欢看的。分析“You can borrow this film-surely you…watching it.”可知，此处动作还未发生，用一般将来时，故选C。
考点四make sure的用法
【考点点拨】
意义及用法 例句
make sure十that从句，意为“确保；查明”，常用于祈使句 Please make sure the lights are off when you leave.当你离开时，请确保灯是关着的。
be sure +of/about+名词、代词或动名词，意为“确信；对……有把握” He is sure of success.他自信会成功的。
be sure to do sth.意为“务必做某事；一定做某事”，相当于make sure to do sth. He is sure to have known about that.他准是知道那件事。
be sure十(that)从句，表示“肯定；确信”，有时可与be sure to do sth.互换 We are sure he will make great progress this term.我们确信他这学期一定会取得巨大进步。
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