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2023中考话题课堂手册Topic 2 Personal environment 第一课时（学生版）
教材话题归纳及课时划分
Living environment Things around the house第一课时 7A U4 Where’s my schoolbag 7B U8 Is there a post office near here 8A U4 What’s the best movie theater
Things around you第二课时 7A U3 Is this your pencil
7A U5 Do you have a soccer ball
8B U10 I’ve had this bike for three years.
9 U8 It must belong to Carla.
考点一ask 的用法
【考点点拨】
ask sb. sth.询问某人某事
ask sb. to do sth.要求某人（不要）要做某事
ask for 请求，询问
ask sb. for sth.请求某人给予某物
He called Mr. Zhou and asked for advice. 他给周老师打了电话并征求意见。
He asked me politely for the book。他彬彬有礼地向我要那本书。
【考点连线】
1. 【2022广西省贵港】13. — People ________ to take their temperatures before they go into the supermarket during the COVID-19 pandemic (新冠疫情).
— I think it’s a good way to protect ourselves.
A. are asking B. are asked C. asked D. ask
2.【2021上海】11．The manager asked his secretary ________ the report before Friday.
A．finish B．finishes C．finishing D．to finish
3.【2021年天津市】50. 遇到麻烦时，艾伦经常请求帮助。
Alan often ________ ________ help when he is in trouble.
考点二 辨析：across, cross，over ，though 与past
【考点点拨】
三者都有“穿过；通过”之意，区别如下：
考点 意义及用法 示例
across 作介词，意为“横过；穿过”，指从表面通过，常和street，road，bridge等搭配 walk across the bridge
cross 作动词，意为“穿过；横过”，相当于go across cross the street
over 作介词，意为“横过；越过”，指从有一定高度的物体上方越过 jump over the fence
through 作介词，意为“穿过；通过；经过”，指从内部通过，常和window，forest，door等搭配 go through the tunnel
past 作介词，意为“经过”，指从旁边经过 walk past the desk
【考点连线】
1.【2022湖北武汉】7. You can only achieve success ________ hard work.
A. across B. above C. through D. into
2.【2022江苏连云港】3. The traffic light is green. Let’s go ________ the road.
A. against B. among C. across D. above
3.【2022山东省滨州】6. — We must study hard to get into a good high school.
— Exactly! Happiness is achieved ________ hard work.
A. with B. across C. along D. through
4.【2021浙江省温州市】5. Kate felt excited to see a group of sheep walking ________ her into a village in Qinghai.
A. over B. past C. across D. through
5.【2021年江苏无锡市】3. The sun shone ________ the window and left a tiny rainbow on the wall.
A. beyond B. along C. through D. across
6.【2020 乐山】—Jack, can you swim ____________ the river
—I don't think I can. It's too wide for me.
A. over B. across C. through
考点三 辨析spend， take， cost与pay
【考点点拨】
考点 主语 常用句型
spend 主语通常是人 sb. spend(s) ... on sth.以及 sb. spend(s) ... (in) doing sth.，表示“某人 花时间 … 钱做某事”。
take 常用 it 作形式主语 It takes sb. some time to do sth.做某事花费某人一些时间。 后 面只跟“时间”。
pay 主语是人 ：sb. pay(s) some money for sth.某人为某物付多少钱。 后面只跟“钱”。
cost 主语是物 sth. cost(s)sb. some money 某物花费某人一些钱； It costs sb. ... to do sth. 做……花了某人多少钱。 cost 后面只跟“钱”。
【考点连线】
1.【2022广西省河池】9．I usually spend time ________ in the library on weekends.
A．read B．reading C．reads D．to read
2.【2022湖北十堰】4. I have no money on me because I often pay ________ things through WeChat (微信).
A. to B. of C. by D. for
3.【2021江苏扬州市】8. — How did you come to Baoying
— By high-speed rail. It ________ me only 28 minutes to get here.
A. spent B. paid C. lost D. took
4.【2021 山东枣庄市】42. It took us about two hours _________ _________ the top of the mountain.我们花费了大约两个小时的时间到达山顶。
考点 三 主语+谓语+the+形容词/副词最高级 + 比较范围
【考点点拨】
主语+谓语+the +形容词/副词最高级+ 比较范围，用于表示三者或三者以上相比的最高程度。例如：
This is the happiest day in my life.这是我一生中最快乐的一天。
The Sahara is the biggest desert in the world.撒哈拉沙漠是世界上最大的沙漠。
【拓展】最高级表达形式还有：
①one of +形容词/副词最高级+复数可数名词+介词短语，表示“……是最……之一”。
②the +序数词+形容词/副词最高级+介词短语，表示“……是第……最……的”。
Shanghai is one of the most beautiful cities in China.上海是中国最美丽的城市之一。
The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.黄河是中国第二长的河流。
【考点连线】
1.【2022辽宁省盘锦】4. Leo likes speed skating and he thinks it’s _________ event at the Beijing Winter Olympics.
A. exciting B. more exciting C. most exciting D. the most exciting
2.【2022四川广元】3. —What is___________ river in China
—The Yangtze River. It's about 6,300 kilometers long.
A. long B. longer C. longest D. the longest
3.【2022重庆市 A卷】9. The Yangtze River is one of ________ rivers in the world.
A. long B. longer C. longest D. the longest
4.【2022贵州省毕节】9．Making robots is one of ________ activities among students. Each of them has his own robot.
A．more popular B．the most popular C．more difficult D．the most difficult
5.【2022辽宁省大连】3. Lu Xun is one of ________ writers of modern China.
A. great B. greater C. greatest D. the greatest
6.【2022黑龙江省牡丹江】8．—Look! The United Nations(联合国) issued(发行) a stamp of the Grand Canal(大运河).
—Great! It is ________ in the world.
A．long B．longer C．the longest
7. 【2022福建省】11. —Our class did well in the school singing competition.
—Yes, you sang ________ of all.
A. beautifully B. more beautifully C. most beautifully
8.【2022广西省河池】7．Katie is ________ of the three girls in her family.
A．young B．younger C．the younger D．the youngest
9.【2022广西省贵港】12. —Are you going to ride your bike to the beach
—Yes. It’s ________ of all.
A. convenient B. more convenient C. most convenient D. the most convenient
10.【2020江西省】31. I’m pretty good at tennis. Actually, I’m probably in the club.
A. worse B. good C. better D. the best
考点四 there be句型
【考点点拨】
there be 的意思为“有...”, 一般现在时 there is/are; 一般过去时 there was/were；一般将来时 there will be。there be 的五种句型结构：
there be +主语+地点/时间状语 There are some armchairs in the room.客厅里有几把扶手椅。There are two games every Monday。每周一有两场比赛。
there be 句型的就近原则（be动词单复数形式要跟be后第一个主语保持一致。） There are two girls and a teacher at the school gate.学校门口有两个女孩和一个老师。There is a pencil, two rulers in the box.盒子里有一支铅笔，两把尺子。
there be +主语+分词形式 There is a bag lying (lie的现在分词) on the ground.地上有一个袋子。There are ten minutes left (leave的过去分词) now.现在还剩10分钟。
there be 后跟动词不定式 There is a lot of work to do.有许多工作要做。There is nothing to do.没有什么事可做。
There is+ no+动名词 There is no stopping him. (=It is impossible to stop him.)无法阻止他。There is no good /use (in) doing sth.做某事没有好处/用处。
【考点连线】
1.【2022黑龙江省哈尔滨】6. —There will be ________ tomorrow. We can’t eat out.
—Well, we have to stay at home.
A. rainy B. rain C. raining
2.【2022湖北省恩施】2. There ________ some milk and several apples in the fridge.
A. is B. are C. be
3.【2022广西省贵港】11. —There ________ a talk by Zhong Nanshan in our school tomorrow afternoon.
—Great! We can’t wait!
A. is B. was C. will be D. will have
4.【2022广西省玉林】5. — As far as I know, there _____ a high-speed train from Yulin to Shenzhen in 2023.
— Yeah! It will be more convenient for the people in Yulin.
A. will be B. has C. is D. will have
5.【2022湖南省邵阳】5. — A pandemic (疫情) broke out in Shaoyang last month.
— Yeah. ________ were so many doctors and nurses coming to help us.
A. They B. There C. Those
6.【2022辽宁省大连】5. Once a term, there ________ a parents’ meeting in our school.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
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2023中考话题课堂手册Topic 2 Personal environment 第一课时（教师版）
教材话题归纳及课时划分
Living environment Things around the house第一课时 7A U4 Where’s my schoolbag 7B U8 Is there a post office near here 8A U4 What’s the best movie theater
Things around you第二课时 7A U3 Is this your pencil
7A U5 Do you have a soccer ball
8B U10 I’ve had this bike for three years.
9 U8 It must belong to Carla.
考点一ask 的用法
【考点点拨】
ask sb. sth.询问某人某事
ask sb. to do sth.要求某人（不要）要做某事
ask for 请求，询问
ask sb. for sth.请求某人给予某物
He called Mr. Zhou and asked for advice. 他给周老师打了电话并征求意见。
He asked me politely for the book。他彬彬有礼地向我要那本书。
【考点连线】
1. 【2022广西省贵港】13. — People ________ to take their temperatures before they go into the supermarket during the COVID-19 pandemic (新冠疫情).
— I think it’s a good way to protect ourselves.
A. are asking B. are asked C. asked D. ask
【答案】B
【解析】考查被动语态。句意：——在新冠肺炎病毒大流行期间，人们在进入超市前被要求测量体温。——我认为这是一个保护我们自己的好方法。主语people与动词ask之间是被动关系，表示被要求测体温，故此处用被动语态be done的结构，故选B。
2.【2021上海】11．The manager asked his secretary ________ the report before Friday.
A．finish B．finishes C．finishing D．to finish
【答案】D
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：经理要求他的秘书在星期五之前完成报告。finish完成，动词原形；finishes完成，动词第三人称单数；finishing完成，动词现在分词/动名词；to finish完成，动词不定式。ask sb. to do sth.表示“要求某人做某事”，此处用动词不定式。故选D。
3.【2021年天津市】50. 遇到麻烦时，艾伦经常请求帮助。
Alan often ________ ________ help when he is in trouble.
【答案】 (1). asks (2). for
【解析】请求帮助ask for help，本句时态是一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，动词用三单，故填asks；for。
考点二 辨析：across, cross，over ，though 与past
【考点点拨】
三者都有“穿过；通过”之意，区别如下：
考点 意义及用法 示例
across 作介词，意为“横过；穿过”，指从表面通过，常和street，road，bridge等搭配 walk across the bridge
cross 作动词，意为“穿过；横过”，相当于go across cross the street
over 作介词，意为“横过；越过”，指从有一定高度的物体上方越过 jump over the fence
through 作介词，意为“穿过；通过；经过”，指从内部通过，常和window，forest，door等搭配 go through the tunnel
past 作介词，意为“经过”，指从旁边经过 walk past the desk
【考点连线】
1.【2022湖北武汉】7. You can only achieve success ________ hard work.
A. across B. above C. through D. into
【答案】C
【解析】考查介词辨析。句意：你只有通过努力工作才能获得成功。 across穿过；above在……之上；through通过；into在……里面。根据“You can only achieve success … hard work”可知，通过努力工作获取成功，应填through，故选C。
2.【2022江苏连云港】3. The traffic light is green. Let’s go ________ the road.
A. against B. among C. across D. above
【答案】C
【解析】考查介词辨析。句意：交通灯是绿色的。 我们穿过马路吧。 against反对；among在……当中；across穿过；above在……之上。根据“The traffic light is green. Let’s go … the road”可知，此处指穿过马路，go across“穿过”，故选C。
3.【2022山东省滨州】6. — We must study hard to get into a good high school.
— Exactly! Happiness is achieved ________ hard work.
A. with B. across C. along D. through
【答案】D
【解析】考查介词辨析。句意：——我们必须努力学习以进入一所好高中。——确实！幸福是通过努力获得的。with带有；across穿过；along沿着；through通过。根据“Happiness is achieved … hard work”可知，通过努力获得幸福，故选D。
4.【2021浙江省温州市】5. Kate felt excited to see a group of sheep walking ________ her into a village in Qinghai.
A. over B. past C. across D. through
【答案】B
【解析】考查介词辨析。句意：看到一群羊从她身边走过，走进青海的一个村庄，凯特感到很兴奋。over超过；past经过；across横穿；through从物体内部穿过。根据“walking ... her”可知是从她旁边经过，用past符合语境。故选B。
5.【2021年江苏无锡市】3. The sun shone ________ the window and left a tiny rainbow on the wall.
A. beyond B. along C. through D. across
【答案】C
【解析】考查介词辨析。句意：阳光透过窗户照进来，在墙上留下了一道小小的彩虹。
beyond超过；along沿着；through从内部穿过；across横过，从一边到另一边。根据“The sun shone...the window and left a tiny rainbow on the wall.”可知，此处指阳光透过窗户照进来，应用through。故选C。
6.【2020 乐山】—Jack, can you swim ____________ the river
—I don't think I can. It's too wide for me.
A. over B. across C. through
【答案】B
【解析】考查介词。句意：——杰克，你能游泳穿过这条河么？——我认为不能，对我来说太宽了。over在……上面；across 指在某一空间从一段到另一端或呈十字交叉穿过,该动作在物体表面进行;through强调从人群或物体中间穿过,该动作在三维空间进行。根据“the river”可知从河里游过去，从表面过去，用介词across。故选B。
考点三 辨析spend， take， cost与pay
【考点点拨】
考点 主语 常用句型
spend 主语通常是人 sb. spend(s) ... on sth.以及 sb. spend(s) ... (in) doing sth.，表示“某人 花时间 … 钱做某事”。
take 常用 it 作形式主语 It takes sb. some time to do sth.做某事花费某人一些时间。 后 面只跟“时间”。
pay 主语是人 ：sb. pay(s) some money for sth.某人为某物付多少钱。 后面只跟“钱”。
cost 主语是物 sth. cost(s)sb. some money 某物花费某人一些钱； It costs sb. ... to do sth. 做……花了某人多少钱。 cost 后面只跟“钱”。
【考点连线】
1.【2022广西省河池】9．I usually spend time ________ in the library on weekends.
A．read B．reading C．reads D．to read
【答案】B
【解析】考查非谓语动词的用法。句意：周末我通常在图书馆看书。 “花费时间做某事”的英文表达为“spend time (in) doing”，所以应选择动名词形式reading。故选B。
2.【2022湖北十堰】4. I have no money on me because I often pay ________ things through WeChat (微信).
A. to B. of C. by D. for
【答案】D
【解析】考查介词辨析。句意：我身上没带钱，因为我经常用微信买东西。 to到；of……的；by通过；for为了。pay for“为……付钱”，故选D。
3.【2021江苏扬州市】8. — How did you come to Baoying
— By high-speed rail. It ________ me only 28 minutes to get here.
A. spent B. paid C. lost D. took
【答案】D
【解析】考查动词辨析。句意：——你是怎么来宝应的？——坐高铁。只花了我28分钟就到了这里。spent花费，主语是人；paid付款，主语是人；lost失去；took花费，主语是it或物。根据“It…me only 28 minutes to get here.”可知，此处是“it takes/took sb+时间+to do sth”句型，故选D。
4.【2021 山东枣庄市】42. It took us about two hours _________ _________ the top of the mountain.我们花费了大约两个小时的时间到达山顶。
【答案】 (1). to (2). reach
【解析】It took sb. some time to do sth.做某事花费某人多少时间，此处缺少动词不定式，第一空填to；“到达”可译为get to/arrive in/arrive at/reach，根据空格可知第二空填reach。故填to reach。
考点 三 主语+谓语+the+形容词/副词最高级 + 比较范围
【考点点拨】
主语+谓语+the +形容词/副词最高级+ 比较范围，用于表示三者或三者以上相比的最高程度。例如：
This is the happiest day in my life.这是我一生中最快乐的一天。
The Sahara is the biggest desert in the world.撒哈拉沙漠是世界上最大的沙漠。
【拓展】最高级表达形式还有：
①one of +形容词/副词最高级+复数可数名词+介词短语，表示“……是最……之一”。
②the +序数词+形容词/副词最高级+介词短语，表示“……是第……最……的”。
Shanghai is one of the most beautiful cities in China.上海是中国最美丽的城市之一。
The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.黄河是中国第二长的河流。
【考点连线】
1.【2022辽宁省盘锦】4. Leo likes speed skating and he thinks it’s _________ event at the Beijing Winter Olympics.
A. exciting B. more exciting C. most exciting D. the most exciting
【答案】D
【解析】考查形容词最高级。句意：利奥喜欢速度滑冰，他认为这是北京冬奥会上最激动人心的项目。根据“it’s …event at the Beijing Winter Olympics.”可知，北京冬奥会中的项目有很多，三者及以上之间的比较用最高级，即most exciting，且形容词最高级前需加定冠词the。故选D。
2.【2022四川广元】3. —What is___________ river in China
—The Yangtze River. It's about 6,300 kilometers long.
A. long B. longer C. longest D. the longest
【答案】D
【解析】考查形容词最高级。句意：——中国最长的河流是什么？——长江。它大约6300公里长。
根据语境及句式可知，本题为“the+形容词最高级+比较范围”句式，即中国境内最长的河流是什么，故此处应为the longest。故选D。
3.【2022重庆市 A卷】9. The Yangtze River is one of ________ rivers in the world.
A. long B. longer C. longest D. the longest
【答案】D
【解析】考查形容词最高级。句意：长江是世界上最长的河流之一。one of the+形容词最高级+复数名词，表示“最……之一”，故选D。
4.【2022贵州省毕节】9．Making robots is one of ________ activities among students. Each of them has his own robot.
A．more popular B．the most popular C．more difficult D．the most difficult
【答案】B
【解析】考查形容词辨析以及形容词最高级的用法。句意：制作机器人是最受学生欢迎的活动之一。 他们每个人都有自己的机器人。 popular受欢迎的；difficult困难的。根据“Each of them has his own robot.”可知，每个人都有自己的机器人，可见这个在学生中很受欢迎，故选B。
5.【2022辽宁省大连】3. Lu Xun is one of ________ writers of modern China.
A. great B. greater C. greatest D. the greatest
【答案】D
【解析】考查形容词最高级。句意“鲁迅是当代中国最伟大的作家之一”。根据one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数“最……之一”可知，空处用形容词最高级，且形容词最高级前要加the，故选D。
6.【2022黑龙江省牡丹江】8．—Look! The United Nations(联合国) issued(发行) a stamp of the Grand Canal(大运河).
—Great! It is ________ in the world.
A．long B．longer C．the longest
【答案】C
【解析】考查形容词最高级。句意：——看！联合国发行了大运河的邮票。 ——太好了！它是世界上最长的。本句给出范围“in the world”，此处用形容词最高级作表语，故选C。
7. 【2022福建省】11. —Our class did well in the school singing competition.
—Yes, you sang ________ of all.
A. beautifully B. more beautifully C. most beautifully
【答案】C
【解析】考查副词最高级。句意：——我们班在学校歌唱比赛中表现很棒。——是的，在所有人中，你唱得最出色。动词“sang”用副词修饰，根据“of all”，可知是最高级，表达“所有人中最出色”，用副词最高级“most beautifully”。故选C。
8.【2022广西省河池】7．Katie is ________ of the three girls in her family.
A．young B．younger C．the younger D．the youngest
【答案】D
【解析】考查形容词最高级。句意：凯蒂是家里三个女孩中最小的一个。根据“of the three girls in her family.”可知，是用最高级，故选D。
9.【2022广西省贵港】12. —Are you going to ride your bike to the beach
—Yes. It’s ________ of all.
A. convenient B. more convenient C. most convenient D. the most convenient
【答案】D
【解析】考查形容词最高级。句意：——你要去海边骑自行车吗？——是的。那是最合适的。根据“of all”可知，此处指一定范围内最……的；convenient形容词，其最高级为most convenient，前面需加冠词the 。故选D。
10.【2020江西省】31. I’m pretty good at tennis. Actually, I’m probably in the club.
A. worse B. good C. better D. the best
【答案】D
【解析】考查形容词最高级。我网球打得很好．实际上，我可能是俱乐部里最好的。根据比较范围in the club可知，空处需用形容词的最高级the best，表示三者以及三者以上的比较，故答案选D。
考点四 there be句型
【考点点拨】
there be 的意思为“有...”, 一般现在时 there is/are; 一般过去时 there was/were；一般将来时 there will be。there be 的五种句型结构：
there be +主语+地点/时间状语 There are some armchairs in the room.客厅里有几把扶手椅。There are two games every Monday。每周一有两场比赛。
there be 句型的就近原则（be动词单复数形式要跟be后第一个主语保持一致。） There are two girls and a teacher at the school gate.学校门口有两个女孩和一个老师。There is a pencil, two rulers in the box.盒子里有一支铅笔，两把尺子。
there be +主语+分词形式 There is a bag lying (lie的现在分词) on the ground.地上有一个袋子。There are ten minutes left (leave的过去分词) now.现在还剩10分钟。
there be 后跟动词不定式 There is a lot of work to do.有许多工作要做。There is nothing to do.没有什么事可做。
There is+ no+动名词 There is no stopping him. (=It is impossible to stop him.)无法阻止他。There is no good /use (in) doing sth.做某事没有好处/用处。
【考点连线】
1.【2022黑龙江省哈尔滨】6. —There will be ________ tomorrow. We can’t eat out.
—Well, we have to stay at home.
A. rainy B. rain C. raining
【答案】B
【解析】考查there be用法。句意：——明天会下雨。我们不能在外面吃饭。——嗯，我们必须呆在家里。rainy下雨的；rain下雨，雨水；raining动名词形式。此处是there be句型，空处填的应是名词，rain符合语境，故选B。
2.【2022湖北省恩施】2. There ________ some milk and several apples in the fridge.
A. is B. are C. be
【答案】A
【解析】考查there be句型的就近原则。句意：冰箱里有一些牛奶和几个苹果。 there be句型遵循“就近原则”，离be动词最近的名词milk是不可数名词，所以be要用is，故选A。
3.【2022广西省贵港】11. —There ________ a talk by Zhong Nanshan in our school tomorrow afternoon.
—Great! We can’t wait!
A. is B. was C. will be D. will have
【答案】C
【解析】考查There be句型和时态。句意：——明天下午我们学校将有一场钟南山的演讲。——太棒了！我们等不及了！根据“There …a talk by Zhong Nanshan in our school tomorrow afternoon.”可知，本句为一般将来时，且为There be句型，使用There will be“将有”，故选C。
4.【2022广西省玉林】5. — As far as I know, there _____ a high-speed train from Yulin to Shenzhen in 2023.
— Yeah! It will be more convenient for the people in Yulin.
A. will be B. has C. is D. will have
【答案】A
【解析】考查there be句型的一般将来时结构。句意：——据我所知，2023年将有从榆林到深圳的高铁。——耶！这对榆林的人们来说会更方便。根据“in 2023”可知，此处要用there be句型的一般将来时结构there will be，故选A。
5.【2022湖南省邵阳】5. — A pandemic (疫情) broke out in Shaoyang last month.
— Yeah. ________ were so many doctors and nurses coming to help us.
A. They B. There C. Those
【答案】B
【解析】考查there be句型。句意：——上个月，邵阳爆发了一场疫情。——是的。有很多医生和护士来帮助我们。分析句子可知，此处是there be句型，表示“有……”，主语是many doctors and nurses，故选B。
6.【2022辽宁省大连】5. Once a term, there ________ a parents’ meeting in our school.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
【答案】A
【解析】考查动词时态和be动词的用法。句意：每个学期，我们学校都会举行一次家长会。根据“Once a term”可知，此处是描述一个一般性情况，需用一般现在时，可排除CD选项；且“a parents’ meeting”是单数，be动词用is。故选A。
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