2023年高考英语专题复习：动词(4) 考法讲解 课件(36张ppt)
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| 名称 | 2023年高考英语专题复习：动词(4) 考法讲解 课件(36张ppt) |  | |
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| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 通用版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2022-11-01 14:21:43 | ||
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(共36张PPT)
专题一 谓语动词
第4讲 动词讲解
必备知识 整合提升
核心考法 重难突破
易混知识 易错清单
动词
强化模拟 限时训练
考法一 考查动词的用法或短语及搭配
考法二 考查具有明显时间标志的时态和语态
考法三 考查没有明显时间标志的时态和语态
考法四 考查主从复合句中前后时态的呼应
考法五 考查一些固定句式的时态
考法六 考查主谓一致
考法一 考查动词的用法或短语及搭配
考法讲解
语法填空常考查动词短语或搭配。同一动词和不同的介词或副词搭配有着不同的含义；同一介词或副词和不同的动词搭配含义也会不同，如：give＋in/out/away/up, turn＋in/out/on/off/up/down, put＋up/on/down/away/off, set＋up/off/out/about/aside, cut＋up/down/off, come＋along/off/across/through, carry/feed/put/focus＋on, get/look/take/come＋over等。
[课标全国Ⅲ2018·67]I was searching ______ these three western lowland gorillas I'd been observing.
【解析】句意为：我那时正在搜寻我一直在观察的三只西部低地大猩猩。search for sth.意为“搜寻某物”，为固定搭配。故填for。
单句语法填空
1．He studied hard before the exam, and it paid ______. He got an A.
2．Many medical personnel have voluntarily asked______the dangerous task.
3．For most of us, consuming the right balance of wholefoods each day will provide us______all the nutrients we need.
4．The orange and black monarch butterflies are famous ______ their long migrations (迁徙)—they fly thousands of miles every year.
5．But participating ______ too many extracurricular activities does deprive the children of their playtime.
考法训练
off
for
with
for
in
考法二 考查具有明显时间标志的时态和语态
考法讲解
此类题目通常有较明显的时间标志词，可能是明确的时间状语，也可能是动词、动词短语等标志词。做该类试题时，可根据不同情况寻找时间标志词，通过对时间状语或动词、动词短语等标志词及语境的分析作出判断。但有时题干中的时间状语具有干扰性，如for, now等词构成的时间状语，所以考生要根据具体语境来判断时态。
考法二 考查具有明显时间标志的时态和语态
考法讲解
题干中常出现的标志词或时间状语有：
(1)一般现在时：sometimes, every day/week, on Sundays等；
(2)一般过去时：yesterday, last week, three years ago, the other day, the day before yesterday, once upon a time, in 1990等；
(3)一般将来时：next week, tomorrow, before long, in the future, later on, the day after tomorrow等；
(4)现在进行时：look, now, at present, at this moment, these days等；
(5)过去进行时：then, at that time, those days等；
(6)将来进行时：at this time tomorrow/the day after tomorrow, from… to… tomorrow/the day after tomorrow等；
(7)现在完成时：lately, recently, so far, yet, by now, up to/till now, since then, in the last/past few days/years等；
(8)过去完成时：by then, by that time, until then, by the end of 2012, before 1999等。
例题讲解
考法二 考查具有明显时间标志的时态和语态
1 [全国新高考Ⅰ2021·61]
You can't help wondering how hard it ______ (be) for the people then to put all those rocks into place.
句意为：你不禁会想，当时把那些石头放到合适的位置对人们来说是多么困难。根据后面的时间状语then可知，此处叙述的是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填was。
例题讲解
考法二 考查具有明显时间标志的时态和语态
2 [全国甲2021·61]The Xi'an City Wall is the most complete city wall that has survived China's long history.It ______ (build) originally to protect the city in the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored (修复)．
设空处所在句句意为：它修建于唐朝，最初是为了保护这座都城，现在已经被完全修复了。分析句子结构可知，设空处在句中作谓语；主语It指代The Xi'an City Wall，与build之间为被动关系，应用被动语态；根据the Tang dynasty可知，build这一动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时；主语为It，谓语动词应用单数形式。故填was built。
例题讲解
考法二 考查具有明显时间标志的时态和语态
3 [全国Ⅰ2020·61]The unmanned Chang'e 4 probe (探测器)—the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess—______ (touch) down last week in the South Pole Aitken basin.
句意为：以中国古代的一位月亮女神的名字命名的无人探测器“嫦娥四号”，上周在月球的南极 艾特肯盆地着陆。分析句子成分可知，设空处为句子的谓语动词；根据时间状语last week可知，此处讲述的是过去的事情，应用一般过去时。故填touched。
单句语法填空
6．He had wild black hair with flecks of gray and ______ (wear) a pink shirt and silk slippers.
7．In the past few years, Hanfu clubs and social media platforms ______ (help) bring the Han clothing back under the spotlight.
8．Jane can't attend the meeting at 3 o'clock this afternoon because she ______ (teach) a class at that time.
考法训练
was wearing
have helped
will be teaching
单句语法填空
9．By the time we got home Mark______ (cook) us a wonderful dinner.
10．At present, the water system, streets, folk houses and even interior arrangements of the village ______ (preserve) as the primitive conditions of the ancient village.
11．“An Miao” (meaning seedling protection) is a traditional farming activity of southern Anhui Province that______ (practice) since the early Ming Dynasty.
考法训练
have cooked
are preserved
has been practiced
考法三 考查没有明显时间标志的时态和语态
考法讲解
近几年高考对时态和语态的考查更加语境化，题干中多未给出明显的时间状语或标志词，此时考生可根据上下文，认真体会语境，挖掘其隐含信息，弄清时间的先后顺序，从而作出正确的判断。
例题讲解
考法三 考查没有明显时间标志的时态和语态
1 [全国新高考Ⅱ2021·63]Whenever I heard of businesses using plastic, I'd send an email. One of the biggest companies I wrote to ______ (be) Alaska Airlines.
设空处所在句句意为：我发邮件的最大公司之一是阿拉斯加航空公司。分析句子结构可知，I wrote to为定语从句，主语为One of the biggest companies，谓语应用第三人称单数形式；这里讲述的是过去的事情，应使用一般过去时。故填was。
例题讲解
考法三 考查没有明显时间标志的时态和语态
2 [全国新高考Ⅰ2020·38]
The 80，000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example, ______ (form) the core collection of the British Museum which opened in 1759.
句意为：例如，汉斯·斯隆爵士收藏的8万件藏品是1759年开放的大英博物馆的核心藏品。分析句子成分可知，该空为句子的谓语；根据语境可知，此处讲述的是发生在过去的事情，应用一般过去时。故填formed。
例题讲解
考法三 考查没有明显时间标志的时态和语态
3 [全国新高考Ⅰ2020·40]
The parts of a museum open to the public ______ (call) galleries or rooms.
句意为：博物馆对公众开放的部分被称为陈列室。分析句子成分可知，该空为句子的谓语，主语parts为可数名词复数，与call之间为被动关系，应用被动语态；且此处陈述的是一般事实，应用一般现在时。故填are called。
例题讲解
考法三 考查没有明显时间标志的时态和语态
4 [全国Ⅰ2020·67、68]
“This really excites scientists，” Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brown University, says, “because it ______ (mean) we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon______ (construct)．”
句意为：布朗大学的科学家卡尔·佩特斯说：“这真的让科学家们兴奋不已，因为它意味着我们有机会获得月球是如何构成的信息。”结合语境和上文的This really excites scientists可知，此处表述的是客观情况，应用一般现在时；且主语为it，为第三人称单数，谓语动词也应用第三人称单数形式，故第一空填means。从句主语the moon和construct之间为被动关系，应用被动语态；且the moon为单数概念，谓语应用第三人称单数形式。故第二空填is constructed。
单句语法填空
12．Early Chinese poetry _________ (influence) by the The Book of Songs, and the Chinese poet and statesman Qu Yuan.
13．In Peking Opera, white highlights all that is bad in human nature. It ______ (suggest) dishonesty and betrayal (背叛)．
14．A few years later, I am back in Virginia where I______ (grow) up.
15．The giant panda ______ (love) by people throughout the world.
考法训练
was influenced
suggests
grew
is loved
考法四 考查主从复合句中前后时态的呼应
考法讲解
(1)在时间、条件、让步状语从句中，若主句为一般现在时或一般将来时，则从句用一般现在时代替一般将来时；若主句为一般过去时，则从句也应用相应的过去时态。
(2)正确判定主句谓语动词及从句谓语动词所表示的动作发生的时间，并认真体会命题者所给出的语境。
(3)解答宾语从句与主句时态呼应问题时，考生应熟知以下规则： 如果主句是现在时态或将来时态，则从句可根据语境使用任何时态； 如果主句为过去时态，则从句需用适当的过去的某种时态(表示客观真理时使用一般现在时)。
例题讲解
考法四 考查主从复合句中前后时态的呼应
[浙江2019年6月·62]
One study in America found that students' grades ______ (improve) a little after the school introduced uniforms.
句意为：美国的一项研究发现，在学校推行校服制度之后，学生的成绩提高了一些。分析句子成分可知，设空处在句中作宾语从句的谓语，宾语从句中的时间状语从句after the school introduced uniforms的时态为一般过去时，因此宾语从句的时态也应用一般过去时。故填improved。
单句语法填空
16．A German shepherd______ (rescue) from his previous shelter, where he was going to be put down after a biting incident.
17．I suddenly noticed my room ______ (be) a completely mess, which really annoyed me.
18．Astronomers estimate that one of these relatively small black holes______ (born) every second.
19．When you find the one thing that you want to commit to, you______ (become) fearless to follow your dream.
考法训练
was rescued
was
is born
will become
考法五 考查一些固定句式的时态
考法讲解
英语中有一些句式的时态常常很固定，如果题干中出现这种句式，考生应注意根据规则选用适当的时态。例如：
(1)It is the first/second/… time that sb.have/has done…
(2)It was the first/second/… time that sb.had done…
(3)sb.was/were doing sth.when… did…
(4)It's high time that sb.did/should do…
(5)Hardly/Scarcely had sb.done sth.when sb.did…
(6)No sooner had sb.done sth.than… did…
考法五 考查一些固定句式的时态
1 [天津2017·8改编]
I ______ (drive) down to London when I suddenly found that I was on the wrong road.
【解析】句意为：我正开车去伦敦，这时我突然发现我走错了路。sb.was/were doing sth.when… did… 为固定句型，意为“某人过去正在做某事，这时……”。因此，主句应用过去进行时，故填was driving。
2 [全国Ⅰ 2015·61]
It was raining lightly when I ______ (arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn.
【解析】句意为：我正好在拂晓前到达阳朔，那时天空正下着小雨。sb.was/were doing sth. when… did… 为固定句式，意为“某人过去正在做某事，这时……”。故填arrived。
例题讲解
单句语法填空
20．It was the first time that he______ (visit) the New Coastal Area of Tianjin, and he was so impressed by its fast development.
21．I was sitting in my room and my cat Smartie was on my lap when the roof of my room______ (blow) away.
考法训练
had visited
was blown
考法六 考查主谓一致
考法讲解
主谓一致遵循的原则有语法一致原则、意义一致原则和就近一致原则，主要考点如下：
(1)动名词、不定式等作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
(2)主语后带有with，along with，together with, as well as, but等词或短语连接的成分时，谓语动词的人称和数与主语的人称和数保持一致。
(3)由either… or…， neither… nor…， not only… but also…， or等连接的并列主语，通常根据就近原则，谓语动词的单复数和与它最近的主语保持一致。
(4)集体名词作主语时，要根据主语所表示的意义来确定谓语动词的单复数。
(5)“分数/百分数/the rest/the majority…＋of＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词的单复数一般取决于of后名词的数及其所表示的意义。
例题讲解
考法六 考查主谓一致
1 [全国新高考Ⅰ2020·41]Often, only a small part of a museum's collection ______ (be) on display.
【解析】句意为：通常，只有一小部分博物馆的藏品会被展出。分析句子成分可知，设空处为句子的谓语，本句陈述的是一般事实，应用一般现在时；“a part of＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词的数取决于of后的名词是单数还是复数，根据collection可知，谓语动词应用单数形式。故填is。
2 [全国Ⅱ2020·62]This is why decorating with plants, fruits and flowers ______ (carry) special significance.
【解析】句意为：这就是为什么用植物、水果和花卉进行装饰承载着特殊的重要意义。分析句子成分可知，本句包含why引导的表语从句，设空处为从句的谓语动词；且此处陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时；从句的主语为动名词短语decorating with plants, fruits and flowers，从句谓语应用第三人称单数形式。故填carries。
单句语法填空
22．Because the number of possible topics ______ (be) practically limitless, we focus on a sample of the most interesting applications.
23．Among them ______ (be) one community in Florida where local people and government officials are proving successful in protecting coastal cities from the dangers of rising sea levels.
24．The roles in Peking Opera include the male role, female role, painted face male role, and comedic male role. Besides, there ______ (be) other supporting roles as well.
考法训练
is
is
are
易混知识
易错清单
易混：有无冠词意义不同的搭配
at the table 在桌旁（不一定在吃饭）
at table 在用餐
at the school 在学校里（不一定是上学）
at school 在上学；在学校里读书
in the prison 在监狱里（不一定是罪犯）
in prison 坐牢
in the office 在办公室里
in office 在职
by the sea 在海边
by sea 乘船（由海路）
易混：有无冠词意义不同的搭配
by the day 按天
by day 在白天
in the front of… 在……（内部的）前面
in front of… 在……（外部的）前面
out of the question 不可能
out of question 毫无疑问
in the charge of… 在……的掌管之下
in charge of 负责；掌管
in the possession of… 为……所拥有
in possession of… 拥有……
in the sight of… 在……看来(in sight of 能看见)
take the place of 代替(take place （尤指经过计划或安排后）发生)
强化模拟
限时训练
单句填空
1．With a colorful group of dancers, a wide range of music and ______ atmosphere of fun and celebration, the carnival is not to be missed.
2．As ______romantic poet, some of his poems, like Ode to the West Wind and To a Skylark, are among the most famous in English.
3．As with all other national museums in ______United Kingdom, it charges no admission fee.
4．Last year a journalist was instructed by a well known magazine to write ______article on the president's palace.
层级一 单句达标练
an
a
the
an
5.“Although it's more possible for the chimpanzees to leave to the faster music, they did not show ______ actual preference for the slower classical music，” said Wallace.
6．In short, I believe that it is of great use to keep a diary in English for ______ development of our writing skills.
7．From tiny street stands to large chains, ______ amazing number of people use mobile payment, mostly through popular apps Alipay and WeChat.
8．Venice is ______ small waterside city in northeast Italy.
层级一 单句达标练
an
the
an
a
层级一 单句达标练
9．From the aspects of culture and history, the Great Wall is______ancient masterpiece that you can fully enjoy.
10．I forget what happened afterward, but for that brief period, we two vastly different species connected, bridging ______ gap between us through songs.
an
the
Many students want to find friends on the Internet as a way of practicing their language skills and learning __1__ different cultures. With the Internet, finding friends has been much __2__ (easy) and such relationship is called keypals. However, you should take care when __3__ (find) friends on the Internet.
First, look for reviews of the sites you have chosen __4__ (learn) more about other students' experiences. Don't use any service until you __5__ (do) your research.
层级二 语篇提升练
about/from
easier
finding
to learn
have done
Then, you'd better use a nickname, rather than your real name to protect __6__ (you), and never give personal __7__ (inform) to anyone, your home address, phone number and birthday __8__ (include). What's more, you should stop contacting others if you feel uncomfortable with the topics of conversation.Meanwhile, it's best to ask appropriate questions to learn someone's personal experience, __9__ may help you understand __10__ whole culture. Most importantly, tell your teachers, parents or even the police if a problem arises.
层级二 语篇提升练
yourself
information
included
which
the
专题一 谓语动词
第4讲 动词讲解
必备知识 整合提升
核心考法 重难突破
易混知识 易错清单
动词
强化模拟 限时训练
考法一 考查动词的用法或短语及搭配
考法二 考查具有明显时间标志的时态和语态
考法三 考查没有明显时间标志的时态和语态
考法四 考查主从复合句中前后时态的呼应
考法五 考查一些固定句式的时态
考法六 考查主谓一致
考法一 考查动词的用法或短语及搭配
考法讲解
语法填空常考查动词短语或搭配。同一动词和不同的介词或副词搭配有着不同的含义；同一介词或副词和不同的动词搭配含义也会不同，如：give＋in/out/away/up, turn＋in/out/on/off/up/down, put＋up/on/down/away/off, set＋up/off/out/about/aside, cut＋up/down/off, come＋along/off/across/through, carry/feed/put/focus＋on, get/look/take/come＋over等。
[课标全国Ⅲ2018·67]I was searching ______ these three western lowland gorillas I'd been observing.
【解析】句意为：我那时正在搜寻我一直在观察的三只西部低地大猩猩。search for sth.意为“搜寻某物”，为固定搭配。故填for。
单句语法填空
1．He studied hard before the exam, and it paid ______. He got an A.
2．Many medical personnel have voluntarily asked______the dangerous task.
3．For most of us, consuming the right balance of wholefoods each day will provide us______all the nutrients we need.
4．The orange and black monarch butterflies are famous ______ their long migrations (迁徙)—they fly thousands of miles every year.
5．But participating ______ too many extracurricular activities does deprive the children of their playtime.
考法训练
off
for
with
for
in
考法二 考查具有明显时间标志的时态和语态
考法讲解
此类题目通常有较明显的时间标志词，可能是明确的时间状语，也可能是动词、动词短语等标志词。做该类试题时，可根据不同情况寻找时间标志词，通过对时间状语或动词、动词短语等标志词及语境的分析作出判断。但有时题干中的时间状语具有干扰性，如for, now等词构成的时间状语，所以考生要根据具体语境来判断时态。
考法二 考查具有明显时间标志的时态和语态
考法讲解
题干中常出现的标志词或时间状语有：
(1)一般现在时：sometimes, every day/week, on Sundays等；
(2)一般过去时：yesterday, last week, three years ago, the other day, the day before yesterday, once upon a time, in 1990等；
(3)一般将来时：next week, tomorrow, before long, in the future, later on, the day after tomorrow等；
(4)现在进行时：look, now, at present, at this moment, these days等；
(5)过去进行时：then, at that time, those days等；
(6)将来进行时：at this time tomorrow/the day after tomorrow, from… to… tomorrow/the day after tomorrow等；
(7)现在完成时：lately, recently, so far, yet, by now, up to/till now, since then, in the last/past few days/years等；
(8)过去完成时：by then, by that time, until then, by the end of 2012, before 1999等。
例题讲解
考法二 考查具有明显时间标志的时态和语态
1 [全国新高考Ⅰ2021·61]
You can't help wondering how hard it ______ (be) for the people then to put all those rocks into place.
句意为：你不禁会想，当时把那些石头放到合适的位置对人们来说是多么困难。根据后面的时间状语then可知，此处叙述的是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填was。
例题讲解
考法二 考查具有明显时间标志的时态和语态
2 [全国甲2021·61]The Xi'an City Wall is the most complete city wall that has survived China's long history.It ______ (build) originally to protect the city in the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored (修复)．
设空处所在句句意为：它修建于唐朝，最初是为了保护这座都城，现在已经被完全修复了。分析句子结构可知，设空处在句中作谓语；主语It指代The Xi'an City Wall，与build之间为被动关系，应用被动语态；根据the Tang dynasty可知，build这一动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时；主语为It，谓语动词应用单数形式。故填was built。
例题讲解
考法二 考查具有明显时间标志的时态和语态
3 [全国Ⅰ2020·61]The unmanned Chang'e 4 probe (探测器)—the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess—______ (touch) down last week in the South Pole Aitken basin.
句意为：以中国古代的一位月亮女神的名字命名的无人探测器“嫦娥四号”，上周在月球的南极 艾特肯盆地着陆。分析句子成分可知，设空处为句子的谓语动词；根据时间状语last week可知，此处讲述的是过去的事情，应用一般过去时。故填touched。
单句语法填空
6．He had wild black hair with flecks of gray and ______ (wear) a pink shirt and silk slippers.
7．In the past few years, Hanfu clubs and social media platforms ______ (help) bring the Han clothing back under the spotlight.
8．Jane can't attend the meeting at 3 o'clock this afternoon because she ______ (teach) a class at that time.
考法训练
was wearing
have helped
will be teaching
单句语法填空
9．By the time we got home Mark______ (cook) us a wonderful dinner.
10．At present, the water system, streets, folk houses and even interior arrangements of the village ______ (preserve) as the primitive conditions of the ancient village.
11．“An Miao” (meaning seedling protection) is a traditional farming activity of southern Anhui Province that______ (practice) since the early Ming Dynasty.
考法训练
have cooked
are preserved
has been practiced
考法三 考查没有明显时间标志的时态和语态
考法讲解
近几年高考对时态和语态的考查更加语境化，题干中多未给出明显的时间状语或标志词，此时考生可根据上下文，认真体会语境，挖掘其隐含信息，弄清时间的先后顺序，从而作出正确的判断。
例题讲解
考法三 考查没有明显时间标志的时态和语态
1 [全国新高考Ⅱ2021·63]Whenever I heard of businesses using plastic, I'd send an email. One of the biggest companies I wrote to ______ (be) Alaska Airlines.
设空处所在句句意为：我发邮件的最大公司之一是阿拉斯加航空公司。分析句子结构可知，I wrote to为定语从句，主语为One of the biggest companies，谓语应用第三人称单数形式；这里讲述的是过去的事情，应使用一般过去时。故填was。
例题讲解
考法三 考查没有明显时间标志的时态和语态
2 [全国新高考Ⅰ2020·38]
The 80，000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example, ______ (form) the core collection of the British Museum which opened in 1759.
句意为：例如，汉斯·斯隆爵士收藏的8万件藏品是1759年开放的大英博物馆的核心藏品。分析句子成分可知，该空为句子的谓语；根据语境可知，此处讲述的是发生在过去的事情，应用一般过去时。故填formed。
例题讲解
考法三 考查没有明显时间标志的时态和语态
3 [全国新高考Ⅰ2020·40]
The parts of a museum open to the public ______ (call) galleries or rooms.
句意为：博物馆对公众开放的部分被称为陈列室。分析句子成分可知，该空为句子的谓语，主语parts为可数名词复数，与call之间为被动关系，应用被动语态；且此处陈述的是一般事实，应用一般现在时。故填are called。
例题讲解
考法三 考查没有明显时间标志的时态和语态
4 [全国Ⅰ2020·67、68]
“This really excites scientists，” Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brown University, says, “because it ______ (mean) we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon______ (construct)．”
句意为：布朗大学的科学家卡尔·佩特斯说：“这真的让科学家们兴奋不已，因为它意味着我们有机会获得月球是如何构成的信息。”结合语境和上文的This really excites scientists可知，此处表述的是客观情况，应用一般现在时；且主语为it，为第三人称单数，谓语动词也应用第三人称单数形式，故第一空填means。从句主语the moon和construct之间为被动关系，应用被动语态；且the moon为单数概念，谓语应用第三人称单数形式。故第二空填is constructed。
单句语法填空
12．Early Chinese poetry _________ (influence) by the The Book of Songs, and the Chinese poet and statesman Qu Yuan.
13．In Peking Opera, white highlights all that is bad in human nature. It ______ (suggest) dishonesty and betrayal (背叛)．
14．A few years later, I am back in Virginia where I______ (grow) up.
15．The giant panda ______ (love) by people throughout the world.
考法训练
was influenced
suggests
grew
is loved
考法四 考查主从复合句中前后时态的呼应
考法讲解
(1)在时间、条件、让步状语从句中，若主句为一般现在时或一般将来时，则从句用一般现在时代替一般将来时；若主句为一般过去时，则从句也应用相应的过去时态。
(2)正确判定主句谓语动词及从句谓语动词所表示的动作发生的时间，并认真体会命题者所给出的语境。
(3)解答宾语从句与主句时态呼应问题时，考生应熟知以下规则： 如果主句是现在时态或将来时态，则从句可根据语境使用任何时态； 如果主句为过去时态，则从句需用适当的过去的某种时态(表示客观真理时使用一般现在时)。
例题讲解
考法四 考查主从复合句中前后时态的呼应
[浙江2019年6月·62]
One study in America found that students' grades ______ (improve) a little after the school introduced uniforms.
句意为：美国的一项研究发现，在学校推行校服制度之后，学生的成绩提高了一些。分析句子成分可知，设空处在句中作宾语从句的谓语，宾语从句中的时间状语从句after the school introduced uniforms的时态为一般过去时，因此宾语从句的时态也应用一般过去时。故填improved。
单句语法填空
16．A German shepherd______ (rescue) from his previous shelter, where he was going to be put down after a biting incident.
17．I suddenly noticed my room ______ (be) a completely mess, which really annoyed me.
18．Astronomers estimate that one of these relatively small black holes______ (born) every second.
19．When you find the one thing that you want to commit to, you______ (become) fearless to follow your dream.
考法训练
was rescued
was
is born
will become
考法五 考查一些固定句式的时态
考法讲解
英语中有一些句式的时态常常很固定，如果题干中出现这种句式，考生应注意根据规则选用适当的时态。例如：
(1)It is the first/second/… time that sb.have/has done…
(2)It was the first/second/… time that sb.had done…
(3)sb.was/were doing sth.when… did…
(4)It's high time that sb.did/should do…
(5)Hardly/Scarcely had sb.done sth.when sb.did…
(6)No sooner had sb.done sth.than… did…
考法五 考查一些固定句式的时态
1 [天津2017·8改编]
I ______ (drive) down to London when I suddenly found that I was on the wrong road.
【解析】句意为：我正开车去伦敦，这时我突然发现我走错了路。sb.was/were doing sth.when… did… 为固定句型，意为“某人过去正在做某事，这时……”。因此，主句应用过去进行时，故填was driving。
2 [全国Ⅰ 2015·61]
It was raining lightly when I ______ (arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn.
【解析】句意为：我正好在拂晓前到达阳朔，那时天空正下着小雨。sb.was/were doing sth. when… did… 为固定句式，意为“某人过去正在做某事，这时……”。故填arrived。
例题讲解
单句语法填空
20．It was the first time that he______ (visit) the New Coastal Area of Tianjin, and he was so impressed by its fast development.
21．I was sitting in my room and my cat Smartie was on my lap when the roof of my room______ (blow) away.
考法训练
had visited
was blown
考法六 考查主谓一致
考法讲解
主谓一致遵循的原则有语法一致原则、意义一致原则和就近一致原则，主要考点如下：
(1)动名词、不定式等作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
(2)主语后带有with，along with，together with, as well as, but等词或短语连接的成分时，谓语动词的人称和数与主语的人称和数保持一致。
(3)由either… or…， neither… nor…， not only… but also…， or等连接的并列主语，通常根据就近原则，谓语动词的单复数和与它最近的主语保持一致。
(4)集体名词作主语时，要根据主语所表示的意义来确定谓语动词的单复数。
(5)“分数/百分数/the rest/the majority…＋of＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词的单复数一般取决于of后名词的数及其所表示的意义。
例题讲解
考法六 考查主谓一致
1 [全国新高考Ⅰ2020·41]Often, only a small part of a museum's collection ______ (be) on display.
【解析】句意为：通常，只有一小部分博物馆的藏品会被展出。分析句子成分可知，设空处为句子的谓语，本句陈述的是一般事实，应用一般现在时；“a part of＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词的数取决于of后的名词是单数还是复数，根据collection可知，谓语动词应用单数形式。故填is。
2 [全国Ⅱ2020·62]This is why decorating with plants, fruits and flowers ______ (carry) special significance.
【解析】句意为：这就是为什么用植物、水果和花卉进行装饰承载着特殊的重要意义。分析句子成分可知，本句包含why引导的表语从句，设空处为从句的谓语动词；且此处陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时；从句的主语为动名词短语decorating with plants, fruits and flowers，从句谓语应用第三人称单数形式。故填carries。
单句语法填空
22．Because the number of possible topics ______ (be) practically limitless, we focus on a sample of the most interesting applications.
23．Among them ______ (be) one community in Florida where local people and government officials are proving successful in protecting coastal cities from the dangers of rising sea levels.
24．The roles in Peking Opera include the male role, female role, painted face male role, and comedic male role. Besides, there ______ (be) other supporting roles as well.
考法训练
is
is
are
易混知识
易错清单
易混：有无冠词意义不同的搭配
at the table 在桌旁（不一定在吃饭）
at table 在用餐
at the school 在学校里（不一定是上学）
at school 在上学；在学校里读书
in the prison 在监狱里（不一定是罪犯）
in prison 坐牢
in the office 在办公室里
in office 在职
by the sea 在海边
by sea 乘船（由海路）
易混：有无冠词意义不同的搭配
by the day 按天
by day 在白天
in the front of… 在……（内部的）前面
in front of… 在……（外部的）前面
out of the question 不可能
out of question 毫无疑问
in the charge of… 在……的掌管之下
in charge of 负责；掌管
in the possession of… 为……所拥有
in possession of… 拥有……
in the sight of… 在……看来(in sight of 能看见)
take the place of 代替(take place （尤指经过计划或安排后）发生)
强化模拟
限时训练
单句填空
1．With a colorful group of dancers, a wide range of music and ______ atmosphere of fun and celebration, the carnival is not to be missed.
2．As ______romantic poet, some of his poems, like Ode to the West Wind and To a Skylark, are among the most famous in English.
3．As with all other national museums in ______United Kingdom, it charges no admission fee.
4．Last year a journalist was instructed by a well known magazine to write ______article on the president's palace.
层级一 单句达标练
an
a
the
an
5.“Although it's more possible for the chimpanzees to leave to the faster music, they did not show ______ actual preference for the slower classical music，” said Wallace.
6．In short, I believe that it is of great use to keep a diary in English for ______ development of our writing skills.
7．From tiny street stands to large chains, ______ amazing number of people use mobile payment, mostly through popular apps Alipay and WeChat.
8．Venice is ______ small waterside city in northeast Italy.
层级一 单句达标练
an
the
an
a
层级一 单句达标练
9．From the aspects of culture and history, the Great Wall is______ancient masterpiece that you can fully enjoy.
10．I forget what happened afterward, but for that brief period, we two vastly different species connected, bridging ______ gap between us through songs.
an
the
Many students want to find friends on the Internet as a way of practicing their language skills and learning __1__ different cultures. With the Internet, finding friends has been much __2__ (easy) and such relationship is called keypals. However, you should take care when __3__ (find) friends on the Internet.
First, look for reviews of the sites you have chosen __4__ (learn) more about other students' experiences. Don't use any service until you __5__ (do) your research.
层级二 语篇提升练
about/from
easier
finding
to learn
have done
Then, you'd better use a nickname, rather than your real name to protect __6__ (you), and never give personal __7__ (inform) to anyone, your home address, phone number and birthday __8__ (include). What's more, you should stop contacting others if you feel uncomfortable with the topics of conversation.Meanwhile, it's best to ask appropriate questions to learn someone's personal experience, __9__ may help you understand __10__ whole culture. Most importantly, tell your teachers, parents or even the police if a problem arises.
层级二 语篇提升练
yourself
information
included
which
the