【中国好题源】（含答案解析）人教选修八 Unit 4 Pygmalion

Unit4 Pygmalion
单项选择题
1.【原创】 ,the young man knocked into a tree.
A deeply in thinking B deeply in thought C deep in thinking D deep in thought
【解析】形容词短语deep in sth.意为“专心；全神贯注；深陷”，在句中作状语。
【答案】D
【教材原句】Henry Higgins and Colonel Pickering are sitting deep in conversation.
2.【原创】 he had known the truth
A what about B what if C how about D even if
【解析】要是他已经知道事实真相怎么办？What if ... 意为“如果……将会怎么样？”
【答案】B
【教材原句】What if I was
3.【2012·武汉模拟】________ natural resources，it is one of the poorest countries in Western Europe.
A．In terms of B．In case of
C．As a result of D．In face of
【解析】考查介词短语辨析。句意：就自然资源而言，它是西欧最贫乏的国家之一。in terms of“就……而言”，符合语意。in case of“如果，假使”；as a result of“由于”；in face of“面对，面临”。
【答案】　A
【教材原句】Correct all these sentences in terms of grammar, spelling, etc., so that she can use them properly.
4.【2012·怀化质检】I wanted to go to Greece，and my wife wanted to go to Spain，so we ________ on Italy.
A．resigned B．compromised
C．promised D．disguised
【解析】句意：我想去希腊，可我妻子想去西班牙，于是我们折中了一下，去意大利。resign“听任，顺从”；compromise“以折中方法解决争论”；promise“许诺”；disguise“伪装”。根据句意，B为最佳答案。
【答案】　B
【教材原句】In order to live in harmony, sometimes you need to make compromises.
5.【2012·大连模拟】The two brothers robbed and killed a taxi driver，which made them ________ to death.
A．condemned B．condemning
C．condemn D．to condemn
【解析】　句意：这兄弟俩抢劫并杀害了出租车司机，被判死刑。condemn sb.to death“判某人死刑”。又因them与condemn之间为被动关系，故选A。
【答案】A
【教材原句】(rudely) Look at this girl with her terrible English: the English that will condemn her to the gutter to the end of her days.
6.【2012·海淀二模】He ________ before he spoke，as if he wasn't sure how his words would be received.
A．hesitated　　B．measured C．recovered D．bothered
【解析】hesitate“犹豫；踌躇”；measure“测量”；recover“恢复；痊愈”；bother“打扰”。根据句意可知A项符合。
【答案】A
【教材原句】A gentleman (G) passes and hesitates for a moment.
7.【2013届山西太原五中高三12月考】34. Johnson King is a fine musician; it’s a ______ to hear him play.
A. privilege B. consequence C. acquaintance D. convenience
【解析】privilege作“特权”讲，表示：听金演奏是不容易的。consequence“结果”； acquaintance“熟悉”； convenience“方便”。
【答案】A
【教材原句】And I came to England to make your acquaintance!
本单元语法：过去分词作状语
8.【2013届河北省五校联盟高三上学期调研】29. ______ at failing in the math exam, John wouldn’t like to talk about it to his parents.
A. Disappointed B. To be disappointed
C. Disappointing D. Having disappointed
【解析】句意：John对他的考试失败很失望，他不想和他的父母谈起此事。过去分词作状语。
【答案】A
9. 【2013届河北省保定市八校12月联考】23. _______ with a difficult situation, he decided to ask his parents for some advice.
A. To face B. Having faced C. Faced D. Facing
【解析】动词短语：be faced with：“面临，面对，正视”，句子的主语是he，he和be faced with构成逻辑的主谓关系，选作C，作原因状语。
【答案】C
10.【2013届人大附中高考冲刺卷4】30． in four different countries, Jessie is a typical third culture kid, the term of which refers to children who spend a period of time in one or more cultures．
A．Bring up B．Having brought up C．Bringing up D．Brought up
【解析】句意“Jessie在四个不同国家受过教育，她是典型的具有第三文化的孩子，这个术语指的是在一个多文化的国家度过一段时间的孩子。过去分词作状语，和主语Jessie之间是动宾关系，故用过去分词。
【答案】D
完形填空【原创】
All students in a single California elementary school (17% "Mexican") were given a disguised（假装的） IQ test at the beginning of the study. These scores were not 1 teachers. Teachers were told that some of their students (about 20% of the school chosen at 2 ) could be 3 to be "spurters" that year, doing better than expected in comparison to their 4 . The spurters' names were made 5 to the teachers. At the 6 of the study all students were 6 tested with the same IQ-test used at the beginning of the 8 . All six grades in both experimental and control groups showed a mean gain in IQ. 9 , First and Second Graders showed statistically significant gains favoring the experimental group of "spurters." This 10 to the 11 that teacher expectations, 12 for the youngest children, can 13 student achievement.
In this experiment, Rosenthal predicted that, elementary school teachers may subconsciously behave in ways that help and 14 the students' success. The prior（先前的） research that motivated this study was done in 1911 by psychologists regarding the 15 of Clever Hans, a horse that gained notoriety（不好的名声） 16 it was supposed to be able to read, spell, and solve math problems by using its hoof to answer. Many skeptics（怀疑者） suggested that questioners and observers were unintentionally 17 Clever Hans. For instance, whenever Clever Hans was asked a question the observers' behavior usually inferred a certain 18 from the subject that in turn confirmed their expectations. For example, Clever Hans would be given a math problem to 19 , and the audience would get very tense the closer he tapped his foot to the right number, thus giving Hans the 20 he needed to tap the correct number of times.
1. A said B proved C explained D told
2. A random B ease C risk D freedom
3. A thought B expected C regarded D supposed
4. A teachers B friends C classmates D parents
5. A known B heard C understood D realized
6. A beginning B middle C end D first
7. A last B again C over D begin
8. A report B experiment C class D study
9. A However B therefore C so D but
10. A resulted B led C developed D formed
11. A aim B target C conclusion D condition
12. A generally B commonly C specially D particularly
13. A influence B effect C cause D lead
14. A discourage B encourage C dismiss D benefit
15. A sample B problem C case D question
16. A so B when C though D because
17. A signaling B signing C singing D designed
18. A attitude B behavior C gesture D language
19. A learn B know C solve D say
20. A knowledge B direction C way D clue
【解析】
D 测试分数事先没告诉老师。
A at random 随机的
B be expected to “有望…..”。
C 和同学们作比较。
A 这些好学生的名字让老师们知道。
C end“结束”，符合语境。
B 研究结束时，所有学生再次（again）测试智商。
D 和上一句的study对应。
A此处为转折关系。后面有逗号，要用副词however。
B lead to “导致”。这得出这样一个结论(conclusion)。
C 同上。
D 老师的期望，特别是（particularly）对小学生更能影响（influence）他们的成就。。
A 同上。
B 和help对应。能鼓励（encourage）他们成功。
C case“案例、例子”，符合语境。
D 此处为因果关系。
A signal 动词“给….发信号”.
B 和前面的behavior对应。
C 解决(solve)数学问题。
D 这样就给它提供了线索（clue）。
阅读理解
A 七选五【原创】
Feldman & Prohaska (1979) sought to discover if the pygmalion effect could occur in opposite. 1 . In the first experiment of the study, subjects were told either positive or negative information about their teacher just before the teaching session occurred. The researchers measured how the students' expectations impacted the session by considering the scores students received on the written test that completed the session, 2 , and by recording the "nonverbal behavior" of the students toward the teacher. The teacher, a cohort of the researchers, was experimentally blind to what the students thought about him/her. 3 . Students with negative expectations "rated the lesson as being more difficult, less interesting, and less effective." Students with positive expectations scored 65.8% on the test, and those with a negative expectation scored lower, at 52.2%. In terms of nonverbal behavior, subjects leaned "forward more to good teachers than poor teachers." 4 . In the second experiment of the study, Feldman and Prohaska sought to directly support the theory that "the teacher could ultimately be affected by the student's differential behavior due to expectation". In this experiment, subjects were asked to teach someone a simple lesson. The student—played by a cohort to the researchers—enacted either positive or negative nonverbal behaviors toward the subject during the teaching session. Results found that subjects who received positive nonverbal behaviors reported feeling happier and more competent than subjects whose student displayed negative non-verbal behaviors. Furthermore, outside judges who rated each subject's teaching performance found, overall, that teacher receiving positive non-verbal behaviors taught the lesson more effectively.
5 .
A This led to the conclusion that teacher expectations, particularly for the youngest children, can influence student achievement.
B. There was some evidence that students with a positive expectation had better eye contact with the teacher.
C. Thus, the study found that a teacher's performance is indeed influenced by the expectations—and subsequent behavior of—their students.
D. There were differences in all three measures based on a positive or negative expectation.
E. by giving the students a survey related to teacher satisfaction
F. That is, if a student's expectation of their teacher could be transmitted to the teacher and influence their performance.
G. In this experiment, school teachers may subconsciously behave in different ways.
答案：F ED BC
B
【江苏省扬州市2012-13高二上学期期末考试】
About 15 years ago, readers of The Independent, a daily national newspaper, were asked by its travel journalists what they missed when they were away from home, and what they looked forward to when they returned. Apart from “family”, “friends” and “favorite foods”, many people mentioned “the Sunday newspapers” and “the crossword puzzle”.
It’s certainly true that among their many hobbies, the English enjoy words, above all reading them and playing with them. Reading books is one of the most popular relaxation activities, with approximately 100,000 books a year published. Over 80 per cent of the population regularly read a daily newspaper, and there are more newspapers per person than any other country except Japan. The weekend newspapers generally contain hundreds of pages, and even the most popular hobbies — fishing, stamp collecting, train-spotting, bird-watching, walking, sports, pets, flower-arranging, knitting and pigeon-fancying — have at least one, if not several specialist magazines, devoted to them. In fact, many people probably spend more time reading about their hobbies than actually doing them.
It’s also undoubtedly true that word games, puzzles and petitions are hugely popular in newspapers, on the radio and even on television. One of the most popular television games in the 1980s and 1990s was “Call My Bluff” where two teams of players had to guess which of three meanings of an unfamiliar word was correct. In many cases newspapers have a word games section, such as a “Words within Words” petition where the aim is to make as many words as possible with the letters of a single word. Above all, crossword puzzles are the most familiar word game, with clues ranging from words which have the same meaning as other words, to the “Cryptic” where the meaning of the word is expressed in a very indirect way, and in a variety of linguistic(语言学的) and cultural references. Apparently, some people choose their newspaper not because of the quality of the news coverage but because of the crossword puzzle.
You may think that you would need an excellent mind of the English language to enjoy playing with words as much as the English do. But many of the word games are very simple and good fun, and in fact, the only skill you must have is to speak and listen or read and write a little.
64. What does the underlined word “one” in Paragraph Two refer to
A. a magazine B. a person C. a page D. a hobby
65. How many types of word games are mentioned in the passage
A. 2 B. 3 C. 4 D. 5
66. The best title for the passage may be __________.
A. A love of words B. A description of hobbies
C. An account of word games D. An introduction of newspapers
67. What is the author’s purpose of writing the article
A. To encourage readers to read newspapers.
B. To tell readers the functions of the newspaper.
C. To report the result of a survey by The Dependent.
D. To entertain readers with what is written in the article.
【考点】文化生活类—说明文
【文章大意】本文讲的是英国人最喜欢的文字游戏。
64.【答案】C
【解析】词义猜测题。根据划线前提到的The weekend newspapers generally contain hundreds of pages中的pages和后面的这些爱好至少有一页，故选C项。
65.【答案】B
【解析】细节推理题。根据第三段提到的1.One of the most popular television games in the 1980s and 1990s was “Call My Bluff”2. In many cases newspapers have a word games section, such as a “Words within Words” petition3. Above all, crossword puzzles are the most familiar word game,可知选B项。
66.【答案】A
【解析】主旨大意题。本文第一段通过记者的访问来引出问题，英国人最喜欢看书，喜欢玩文字游戏。最后一段进行总结文字游戏是简单的，是有趣的，故最佳答案选A项。
67.【答案】D
【解析】作者意图题。本文第一段通过记者的访问来引出问题，英国人最喜欢看书，喜欢玩文字游戏。最后一段进行总结文字游戏是简单的，是有趣的。作者写这篇文章的目的是为了让人们对自己写的文章有兴趣，故选D项。
C
【江苏省扬州市2012-13高二上学期期末考试】
Five-year-old Joe Brown isn’t backward at coming forward about what he thinks of his big sisters, Rosie and Matilda.
“They’re horrible and ugly,” he said, with a grin（冷笑）. “Horrible and ugly.”
Then again, his sisters aren’t always over-fond of their young brother, either.
“When Joe was born, Matilda said she was going to kill him before he was three because she really envied him,” said the eldest, 13-year-old Rosie. “She used to get all the special attention and now she doesn’t any more.”
As for Matilda, 11, she too can be quite cruel. “Joe’s the one that’s most annoying,” she said.
It’s somehow certain to know that kids act the same no matter who their parents are — in this case actors Bryan Brown and Rachel Ward.
And the couple agreed to let their children have freedom when it came to them participating in a Telling-the-Truth ABC TV program about brothers and sisters. The TV program invites an American expert on the subject, Frank J. Sulloway, who tells how our personalities are often shaped by our order of birth, position in the family and relationships between brothers and sisters.
First-borns tend to be conservative（保守的）, ambitious and close to their parents. Those ing later have to make a conscious effort to be different in order to successfully pete for their parents’ attention. As a result, the youngest children tend to end up history’s great risk-takers, rebels（叛逆者）or movers and shakers.
“This kind of relationships is really the key personality-forming relationships of all our lives,” said Ms Sauers, a secondary school teacher. “The relationships are generally the longest relationships we have; they go from childhood to old age.”
“A lot of people feel those relationships really ground them because, with brothers and sisters, you can’t get away with anything bad.”
“As for Joe, Rosie and Matilda, their daily battles over clothes, musical instruments, who performs best in sport and parental love are as regular as any other kids.”
“And considering who their mum and dad are, they’re very normal and unaffected.”
68. What do the underlined words “ground them” mean
A. monitor them B. surround them C. keep them D. worry them
69. Which of the following is wrong according to the passage
A. Children envy each other and can’t get along well enough.
B. Joe, Matilda and Rosie’s parents are mentioned in the passage.
C. Bryan Brown and Rachel Ward are the three children’s parents.
D. Actors Bryan Brown and Rachel Ward are asked to act Joe, Matilda and Rosie’s parents.
70. What’s the readers’ impression about Joe Brown after reading the passage
A. Joe Brown doesn’t like to go back when he goes to see his big sisters Rosie and Matilda.
B. The little brother Joe Brown is a little backward pared with his big sisters.
C. Joe Brown is ready to say something ill about his big sisters.
D. Young as Joe Brown is, he isn’t forward and actually is as backward as his big sisters.
【考点】家庭关系类—议论文
【文章大意】本文通过论述Joe Brown和姐姐们Rosie and Matilda.之间的紧张关系
68. 【答案】A
【解析】 词义猜测题。根据划线后面的一句you can’t get away with anything bad.可知ground them 这种和弟弟，妹妹的关系左右他们，故选A项。
69.【答案】D
【解析】 推理判断题。根据It’s somehow certain to know that kids act the same no matter who their parents are — in this case actors Bryan Brown and Rachel Ward.可推知不是Actors Bryan Brown and Rachel Ward扮演Rosie and Matilda.故选D项。
70.【答案】C
【解析】 推理判断题。根据As a result, the youngest children tend to end up history’s great risk-takers, rebels（叛逆者）or movers and shakers.可知他对两个姐姐也不满。故选C项。
书面表达（满分25分）
假如你是高二学生名叫王海。最近你发现班上部分同学每次遇到重要考试都会出现焦虑症状。请你用英语写一封信给某英文报编辑反映这个问题。信的内容包括：1 焦虑症状 2建（至少三点）
注意：1根据以上内容写一篇短文，不要逐字翻译
2可适当增加细节使行文连贯
3词数100左右 ，开头已给出，不计入总数
参考词汇：头晕 dizzy 食欲不振：lose one’s appetite Dear editor,
I’m Wang hai, a student of Grade 2 in senior high school. I ‘m writing to tell you some symptoms of anxiety among us students before exams.
【参考范文】
Most of us feel nervous whenever we’re taking an important exam. Some will feel dizzy or tired, some will suffer from lack of sleep and some will lose their appetite. In fact, all those symptoms have terrible effects on our exam and we are all eager to get rid of them.
First of all, in my opinion, it’s important for us to have a right attitude towards exams. They are only a means of checking how we are getting along with our studies. Study hard every day and make careful plans for every exam. In this way we can avoid suffering from the pressure of exams. Besides, enough sleep can make us energetic and enable us to perform well in an exam. Therefore, during the period of exam, we should not stay up too late. We can also try a warm bath or a cup of warm milk before going to bed. They might help us to have a sound sleep.
【一句多译】
It’s important for us to have a right attitude towards exams.
改译：Faced with exam, we should have a right attitude to them.
In this way we can avoid suffering from the pressure of exams.
改译：Only in this way, can we avoid suffering from the pressure of exams.
Besides, enough sleep can make us energetic and enable us to perform well in an exam.
改译：Besides, sleeping enough can contribute to our energy and enable us to perform well in an exam.
4. We can also try a warm bath or a cup of warm milk before going to bed. They might help us to have a sound sleep.
改译：We can also try a warm bath or a cup of warm milk before going to bed, which might help us to have a sound sleep.