中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
专题二 冠词（解析版）
【解密高考】冠词是历年高考的必考点，对于冠词的考查主要集中在冠词的基本用法和习惯用法，高考中常见的考点如下：
① 冠词的泛指、特指
② 在形容词和副词比较等级前的用法
③ 固定搭配
④ a 和an的区别
【命题方向】预计2023年高考仍会以考查冠词在具体语境中的正确使用为主，以语篇型语法填空的形式出现，它可能把冠词的各种用法结合名词一起进行考查。
核心考点1 不定冠词用法
1．不定冠词
不定冠词有a和an，他们都用于可数名词单数前，泛指人和物。表示可数事物中的一个。但两者用法有区别：（1）若随后的单词以辅音音素开头，用a。如：a lot of ，a good idea ，a pear。
若随后的单词以元音音素开头，用an。如：an example ， an orange ， an apple。
由于很多考生音标学习得不好，在这里会有很大障碍，所以在这里我们只需要记住一些特殊的常考的加a单词（单词首字母A／E／I／O／U开头的单词）：
European、university、useful、unique、UFO、U。
其余均认为单词首字母A／E／I／O／U开头的单词加an即可。
这里要注意以否定前缀un开头的单词，发音为元音，须用an。
而某些以字母h开头的单词用an，因为这些单词的“h”不发音。如：an honest boy，an hour ago。也需要特殊记忆。不定冠词多表示泛指。
1．泛指某类人或物（或其中的任何一个）、初次谈到或见到的人或物。这个用法是不定冠词考查的重点。eg:-I knocked over my coffee cup. It went right over the keyboard.
-You shouldn' t put drinks near a computer.
2．表示“每一”，相当于every／per。
eg : I earn 10 dollars an hour as a supermarket cashier on Saturdays.
3．表示“一个”，相当于one。
eg : My sister sometimes has only an apple for dinner because she wants to be thin.
4．用于专有名词前表示“某一个．．．．．”，相当于a certain；或属于某人的物品。
eg:-Hello,could I speak to Mr.Smith
-Sorry,wrong number. There isn' ta Mr.Smith here.
5．用于序数词前表示“再一，又一”。
eg:She didn' t like the color of the two bags and asked for a third one.
6．用于动词转化的名词前，表示一次动作。
eg:Let' s go and have a look.
7．用于一些固定搭配或固定短语中。这一点也是冠词常考的方面，考生应加强记忆。a lot (of) a few in a hurry a little
have a cold 感冒
make a face 做鬼脸
a number of 大量的
a pair of 一双，一对
have a good time玩得高兴
have a swim=swim 游泳
have a walk=walk 散步
have a look=look 看一看
as a result 因此
【考例1】1．When we got a call saying she was short-listed, we thought it was ______ joke.
【解析】考查冠词。考查现在分词和冠词。句意：当我们收到一个电话说她入围候选人了，我们认为那是一个笑话。joke是可数名词的单数，所以该空用不定冠词a表泛指。
【考例2】As ________ result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing.
【解析】考查冠词。句意：结果，人们将吃更多的食物去弥补损失的东西。as a result是固定搭配，意为“结果”。故填a。
【考例3】But unlike her school friends, 16-year-old Sarah is not spending half-term resting (rest). Instead, she is earning 6500 a day as ________ model in New York.
【解析】考查冠词。句意：但与学校朋友不同的是，16岁的莎拉没有花半个学期的时间休息；相反，她在纽约当模特每天挣6500英镑。model是可数名词，前面没有限定词，而此处指“一个”，表泛指，用a。故填a。
【考例4】（2022全国甲卷）________ friend of his, Wu Fan, volunteered to be his companion during the trip. （用适当的词填空）
【答案】A
【详解】考查冠词。句意：他的一位朋友Wu Fan在旅行中自愿成为他的同伴。根据句意可知，此处泛指“他的一个朋友”，应用不定冠词，friend以辅音音素开头，应用a。句首字母大写，故填A。
【考例5】As the song goes, this long and winding road “will never disappear”, and it will always stick in the visitor’s memory. It sure does in mine .While you’re in China, Mount Huangshan is ________ must to visit! （用适当的词填空）
【答案】a
【详解】考查冠词。句意：正如歌中所唱的那样，这条漫长而曲折的道路“永远不会消失”，它将永远留在游客的记忆中。对我的确是这样。当你在中国的时候，黄山是必游之地！must作名词时，意为“绝对必要的事物”，为可数名词，此处泛指“一个必须去的地方”，应用不定冠词，must是以辅音音素开头的词，应用a。故填a。
【考例6】Instead, she is earning $6,500 a day as ________ model in New York.
【答案】a
【详解】考查冠词。句意：相反，她在纽约做模特每天能挣6500美元。此处“作为一名模特，”表泛指。model 的发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。
核心考点2定冠词the的用法
1.定冠词
定冠词是虚词，本身不能单独使用，也没有词义，用在名词的前面，帮助指明名词的含义。区别于不定冠词，定冠词具有确定的意思，用以特指人或事物，表示名词所指的人或事物是同类中的特定的一个，以别于同类中其他的人或事物，相当于汉语中的“那个”或“这个”的意思。它可以和单、复数名词，也可以和不可数的名词连用。
2.定冠词基本用法
（1）用以特指某（些）人或某（些）事物
This is the house where Luxun once lived.这是鲁迅曾经住过的房子。
（2）用于指谈话双方都明确所指的人或事物
Open the door, please.请把门打开。
（3）用以复述上文提过的人或事物（第一次提到用“a或an”，以后再次提到用“the"）Once there lived a lion in the forest. Every day the lion asked small animals to look for food for him.从前森林里住着一只狮子。每天这只狮子要小动物们为他寻找食物。
（4）用在序数词和形容词最高级前
January is the first month of the year.一月份是一年当中的第一个月。
（5）表示世界上宇宙中独一无二的事物
the sun太阳the earth 地球the sky 天空the world 世界
（6）指由普通名词构成的专有名词
the West Lake西湖the Great Wall长城the United States美国the United Nations 联合国
（7）表示方向、方位
in the east 在东方in the front在前面in the bottom 在底部on the right 在右边
（8）在海洋、江河、湖泊、山脉、海峡、海湾等地理名词前the Pacific Ocean太平洋the Yellow River 黄河tthe Taiwan Straits台湾海峡
（9）在姓氏复数前，表示一家人
The Bakers came to see me yesterday.
The Greens are having dinner at home.
（10）和某些形容词连用，使形容词名词化，代表一类人或物
the poor穷人 the rich富人 the sick病人
the wounded伤员 the good 好人 the beautiful 美丽的事物
（11）用在表示阶级、政党的名词前
the working class 工人阶级 the Chinese Communist Party 中国共产党
（12）用在the very强调句中This is the very book I want.这就是我想要的那本书。
（13）固定用法：the+比较级.…..the+比较级...，表示越....越...…
（14）表示演奏乐器时，乐器的前面要加the
play the piano弹钢琴
play the violin 拉小提琴
注：中国乐器名词前不与冠词连用:er-hu(二胡)
（15）某些固定的表达法：
in the morning 在早上 in the afternoon 在下午
in the evening 在晚上 go to the cinema 去看电影
go to the theatre 去看戏 all the year round 一年到头
on the way to 前往..去的路上
（16）the加单数可数名词可以表示一类人或事物
The horse is a useful animal.马是一种有用的动物。
注意：像这类句子还有如下两种写法
A horse is a useful animal.
Horses are useful animals.
（17）在句型“动词+sb.+介词+the+身体某一部位"中要用the，而不用人称代词。
take sb.by the arm 抓住某人的手臂
hit sb.in the face打某人的脸
be red in the face 脸红
be lame in the right leg右腿瘸
类似以上的结构中,名词前要用the。
3.定冠词特殊用法
（1）特指双方都明白的人或物：Take the medicine.把药吃了。
（2）与复数名词连用，指整个群体：They are the teachers of this school.指全体教师）They are teachers of this school.(指部分教师）
（3）表示所有，相当于物主代词，用在表示身体部位的名词前：She caught me by the arm.她抓住了我的手臂。
（4）用在某些由普通名词构成的国家名称、机关团体、阶级、等专有名词前：the People's Republic of China中华人民共和国the United States 美国
（5）用在某些习惯用语中
at the same time 同时
by the way 顺便问一句
for the present暂时
go to the cinema看电影
in the end 最后
in the dark在黑暗中，不知道
in the least 一点，丝毫
in the open 在野外
in the past在过去
in the long run从长远来看
in the event of万一
in the morning 在上午
in the way 挡道，碍事
on the whole总体上
on the other hand另一方面
on the contrary相反地
out of the question不可能的
（6）在中国传统节日前加the
The Spring Festival春节
The Dragon Boat Festival龙舟节（端午节）
The Mid-autumn Festival中秋节
（巧学妙记）定冠词的用法口诀：
特指双知上文提，独一无二普遍专；
方位顺序最高级；赛项乐器影剧院；
姓氏复数一家人，形容词前可数单；
群岛河山江湖海，沙漠海峡和海湾。
阶级党派国全名，组织团体与机关。
连续应用比较级，朝代年代按天算。
【考例7】 Of ________ nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations，three are declining，six are stable，one is increasing，and nine lack enough data.
【答案】the
【详解】考查冠词。句意：在19个已确认的北极熊亚种群中，3个在下降，6个稳定，1个在增加，9个缺乏足够的数据。此处特指确认的19个亚种群，用定冠词the符合题意。故填the。
【考例8】Everybody wears ________ same style of clothes. Uniforms can be useful in unexpected ways.
【答案】the
【详解】考查定冠词。句意：每个人都穿同一款式的衣服。制服可以以意想不到的方式发挥作用。分析可知，“same”前需用定冠词“the”作限定词，“the same...”，意为“相同的……”。故填the。
【考例9】Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over ________ past 25 years. （用适当的词填空）
【答案】the
【详解】考查冠词。句意：玉米产量已经上涨了近125%再过去的25年间。此处表示特指，意为“在过去的25年”。故填the。
【考例10】This included digging up the road, laying the track and then building a strong roof over ____ top. （用适当的单词填空）
【答案】the
【详解】考查定冠词。句意：这包括洼路，铺设轨道然后在顶上建造一个结实的顶。此处指的是在顶端建造一个结实的顶，表示特指，所以在 top前加the。故答案为the.
【考例11】Unexpectedly, I’m face-to-face with the gorilla, who begins screaming at ________ top of her lungs.
【答案】the
【详解】考查冠词。句意：出乎意料的是，我正面对着那只大猩猩，它开始声嘶力竭地尖叫。at the top of one’s lungs是固定短语，意为“用尽量大的声音”，因此填定冠词the。故填the。
【考例12】（2022年全国乙卷） To celebrate ______ festival, a number of events took place at the Chinese Businessman Museum in Beijing on Thursday.
【答案】the
【详解】考查冠词。句意：为了庆祝这一节日，周四在北京的中国商人博物馆举行了一系列活动。根据语境可知，此处为特指这一节日，所以用定冠词the。故填the。
【考例13】．（2022年全国甲卷）Inspired by the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation held in Beijing, Cao decided to cover the route by hiking as a tribute (致敬) to the ancient Silk Road. ______ friend of his, Wu Fan, volunteered to be his companion during the trip.
【答案】A
【详解】考查冠词。句意：受到在北京举行的一带一路国际合作论坛的启发，曹决定徒步旅行，以纪念古老的丝绸之路。他的一个朋友，吴凡，在旅行中自愿做他的同伴。根据句意可知，此处泛指“他的一个朋友”，应用不定冠词，friend以辅音音素开头，应用a，空处位于句首，首字母大写。故填A。
【考例14】（2022新高考I卷）Covering an area about three times ________ size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country. （用适当的词填空）
【答案】the
【详解】考查冠词、倍数表达法。句意：该公园占地面积约为黄石国家公园的三倍，将成为中国首批国家公园之一。倍数表达法之一是：倍数+ the size of +比较成份。故填the。
核心考点3 零冠词的用法和含有冠词的词组辨析
1.零冠词
冠词本身不能单独使用，也没有词义，它用在名词的前面，帮助指明名词的含义。英语中的冠词有三种，一种是定冠词，另一种是不定冠词，还有一种是零冠词。零冠词即是指名词前面没有不定冠词（a、an）、定冠词（the），也没有其他限定词的现象。
2.零冠词三种基本用法
（1）专有名词、物质名词、抽象名词和表示人名、地名、头衔、职务的名词前，一般不加冠词。He will take over as general manager when Mr Smith retires.
（2）表示季节、年份、日期、节日、假日和一日三餐的名词前，一般不加冠词。
We had bacon and eggs for breakfast.
（3）表示学科、球类运动和棋牌类游戏的名词前不用冠词。In that school, English is compulsory for all students, but French and Russian are optional.
3.零冠词的其他用法
（1）系动词turn后作表语的单数可数名词前不用冠词，但名词前若有形容词作定语时，则必须加冠词。Lu Xun was a doctor before he turned writer.She has turned a successful singer.
（2 ）as/though引导的让步状语从句中，如果作表语的名词置于句首，习惯上单数名词前不用冠词。Child as/though she is, she plays the violin perfectly.
（3）一人兼多种身份的情况，只在第一个名词前使用冠词，其他名词前不再使用冠词。The professor and writer is speaking at the meeting.
（4）no与such连用时，such后的名词不用冠词。There is no such thing as a free lunch.
（5）表示泛指或一般概念的抽象名词前，即使有描绘性修饰词，仍不用冠词。I like light music very much.注意：若表示特指，抽象名词前用定冠词。I like the music of Mozart.
（6）在通常情况下，专有名词前不用冠词。Smith lives in London.注意：若表示特指，专有名词前有时也可以用定冠词。专有名词转化为普通名词，其前可用a/an，表示某人或某人的一部作品、艺术品等。He is a Newton of today.他是当代的牛顿。
（7）在某些固定短语、习惯用法中，不用冠词。
①成对使用的词，如：father and son父子；hand in hand手拉手；back to back背靠背；from time to time有时；day in and day out日复一日。
②介词短语，如：in advance提前；by chance碰巧；at ease自由自在；in general总的来说；in place在适当的位置；in case of万一，以防；at risk处境危险；in particular尤其，特别；on behalf of代表。
③动词短语，如：pay attention to注意；make fun of取笑；make sense讲得通，有意义；give way to让路，让步；give birth to产生，分娩；take place发生。
（巧学妙记）零冠词用法口诀
下列情况应免冠，名词之前代词限；
专有名词不可数，学科球棋三餐饭；
复数名词表泛指，星月节日四季前；
颜色语种和国名，习语称呼及头衔。
4.含有冠词的词组辨析有无冠词之差英语中有不少词组，从形式看好像只有冠词之差，而实际上却是意义完全不同的词组。
in front of在....(外)的前面;
in the front of在…...(内)的前面
There is a garden in front of the classroom.教室前面有一个花园。(外）
There is a blackboard in the front of the classroom.教室前面有一块黑板。（内）
2.in charge of 掌管、负责; in the charge of 在....负责之下
An experienced worker is in charge of the project.一位有经验的个人负责这个项目。
The project is in the charge of an experienced worker.这个项目由一位经验丰富的工人负责。
3. at table 在进餐、吃饭时；at the table 在桌旁
He seldom talks at table.吃饭时他很少说话。
They sat at the table,talking and laughing.他们坐在桌旁，边说边笑。
4.by day 白天、日间；by the day 按日计
He works in an office by day.他白天在办公室工作。
Cleaning women in big cities get paid by the day.大城市的清洁女工按日获得报酬。
5.take place发生、举行;take the place(of)代替、接替
When did this conversation take place 这次谈话什么时候进行的
Electric trains have now taken the place of steam trains in our country.在我们国家,电力火车已经取代了蒸汽火车。
6.in words用语言；in a word总之
Please express your thoughts in words.请用言语表达你的想法。
In a word,I don't trust you.总之,我不相信你。
7.at times有时、不时；at a time一次
I do feel a little nervous at times.有时我确实感到有些紧张。
Pass me the bricks two at a time.每次递给我两块砖。
8.little少、不多的；a little一些、一点儿
Hurry up,there is little time left.快点，时间不多了。
Don't hurry,you still have a little time.不用急,你还有时间。
9.few很少、几乎没有的；a few有些、几个
He is a man of few words.他是一个少言寡语的人。
Only a few of the children can read.只有几个孩子会阅读。
10.a most interesting 非常有趣的；the most interesting 最有趣的（形容词的最高级）
This is a most interesting story.这是一个非常有趣的故事。
This is the most interesting story of the three.这是三个故事中最有趣的一个。
11.a doctor and nurse一位医生兼护士；a doctor and a nurse一位医生和一位护士
a doctor and nurse is standing there.一位兼护士的医生正站在那儿。
a doctor and a nurse are standing there.一位医生和一位护士正站在那儿。
12.a number of 许多、好些；the number of .……的数目（后面的谓语动词用单数）
A number of students are in the classroom.许多学生在教室里。
The number of students in the classroom is forty.教室里有40个学生。
【考例15】Everything is a bit depressing at the moment, but I carry an in the belief that good times are just ___________.
A．out of date B．out of order C．around the corner D．around the clock
【答案】C
【详解】考查固定短语辨析。句意：现在一切都有点令人沮丧，但我坚信美好的时光即将发生。A. out of date过时的；B. out of order无序；C. around the corner即将发生；D. around the clock昼夜不停。根据上文“I carry an in the belief that good times are just”指坚信美好的时光即将发生。故选C。
【考例16】The company is putting more money into the building of a new factory _______ the fast growing demand for the products in the market.
A．in response to B．in return for C．in case of D．in charge of
【答案】A
【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：该公司正投入更多的资金建设新工厂，以应对市场对产品的快速增长的需求。A. in response to作为回应，应对；B. in return for作为回报；C. in case of 以防；D. in charge of负责。结合句意可知，投入资金建新工厂的目的是应对市场对产品的快速增长的需求，in response to符合题意。故选A。
【考例17】一Shall we go to see Midway this weekend
— ________. I am otherwise engaged.
A．Never mind B．It's out of question
C．No problem D．It's out of the question
【答案】D
【详解】考查交际用语。——我们这个周末去看《决战中途岛》，好吗？——这是不可能的。我另有安排。A. Never mind不要紧；B. It's out of question没问题；C. No problem没问题；D. It's out of the question这是不可能的。根据“I am otherwise engaged.”有事情另有安排，所以是不可能去看电影的。 故选D。
一、单句语法填空
1. It conforms to(符合) the status of China, a great power with a lasting civilization of several thousand years in the East.
1.【解析】句意为：它符合中国的地位，一个有着几千年悠久文明的东方大国。此处泛指中国有着几千年的悠久文明，civilization为可数名词，且lasting的发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。
2. It’s not unusual for a dog to attempt to take shelter from the storm by seeking the lowest place in the house or someplace near the house’s pipes.
2.【解析】句意为：狗狗试图寻找房子里最低的地方或靠近房子管道的地方来躲避暴风雨，这并不罕见。形容词最高级前应使用定冠词修饰，故填the。
3. William Wu, manager of Universum, said that banking remains an attractive industry for young Chinese.
3.【解析】句意为：优兴咨询的经理威廉·吴说，对中国年轻人来说，银行业仍然是一个有吸引力的行业。此处泛指一个有吸引力的行业，应使用不定冠词，且attractive的发音以元音音素开头，故填an。
4. It may be hard to imagine that a sofa or a table could actually be a green product, but they really can be depending on what they’re made of.
4.【解析】句意为：很难想象一个沙发或一张桌子实际上是绿色产品，但它们真的可以是（绿色产品），这取决于它们是由什么制成的。此处泛指一种绿色产品，应使用不定冠词，且green的发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。
5. On the topic of classical music, I always love the clapping and the cheering that come at the end of a concert.
5.【解析】句意为：谈到古典音乐，我总是喜欢音乐会结束时的掌声和欢呼声。此处特指“古典音乐”这一话题，应使用定冠词，故填the。
6. You don’t have to be a Jack Ma to be successful. As long as you can inspire someone to make a difference, you will succeed.
6.【解析】句意为：要想成功你没必要成为一个像马云一样的人，只要你可以激励他人有所作为，你就会成功。人名前一般不加冠词，此处指一位像马云一样成功的人，表泛指，且Jack的发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。
7. The concert was such a success that it was expected to run for the second night.
7.【解析】句意为：音乐会如此成功，以至于大家期望它能再举行一晚。success是抽象名词，但在此句中被具体化，泛指一件成功的事，故其前要加不定冠词a。
【知识拓展】抽象名词具体化
success，failure，surprise，pleasure，beauty，pity，danger等名词表示抽象概念时，是不可数名词，前面不加冠词。但是，如果表示具体的人或事，就成了可数名词，表泛指时前面要加不定冠词a或an。
8. Of the two Australian students, Masha is the taller one. I think you can find her easily.
8.【解析】句意为：在这两个澳大利亚学生中，玛莎是比较高的那一个。我认为你很容易就能找到她。表示“两者中较……的那一个”时，常用“the＋比较级”结构。故填the。
9. Montreal, a port city in the province of Quebec, is the second largest city in Canada.
9.【解析】句意为：蒙特利尔是魁北克省的一个港口城市，是加拿大第二大城市。此处作Montreal的同位语，表泛指，且port的发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。
10. I just heard the bank where Julie works was praised by the government for its great contributions to the city’s economy.
10.【解析】句意为：我刚刚听说朱莉工作的那家银行因为对城市的经济做出了重大贡献而受到了政府的表扬。根据后面的定语从句可知，此处特指朱莉工作的那家银行。故填the。
11. They conducted a trial across China from August 2016 to May 2017, covering a total of 1,369 adult smokers.
11.【解析】句意为：他们从2016年8月到2017年5月在中国各地进行了一项试验，共调查了1,369名成年吸烟者。a total of…为固定搭配，意为“总数为……”，故填a。
12. Spending too much time playing games will not only have a bad effect on their studies but also do harm to their health.
12.【解析】句意为：花太多的时间玩游戏不仅会对他们的学习产生不良影响，而且会损害他们的健康。have a bad effect on…为固定搭配，意为“对……产生不良的影响”，故填a。
13. First, you should take an active part in the discussions and show your own opinions about the matters.
13.【解析】句意为：首先，你应该积极参与讨论，表达你对事情的看法。take an active part in…为固定短语，意为“积极参加……”，故填an。
14. The number of honeybees hasn’t changed much over the past few years, but the overall picture doesn’t look good for an insect that plays an important role in our food supply.
14.【解析】句意为：在过去的几年里，蜜蜂的数量并没有太大的变化，但是对于一种在我们的食物供应中起着重要作用的昆虫来说，整体情况并不乐观。play an important role in…为固定短语，意为“在……中起重要作用”，故填an。
15. Over time, some people become addicted to caffeine and need more of it to have the same effect.
15.【解析】句意为：随着时间的推移，一些人开始对咖啡因上瘾，他们需要更多的咖啡因才能达到同样的效果。same用作形容词时，总与the连用，故填the。
16. A small pet rabbit really made a big difference to my life, thus making me aware of the importance of animals.
16.【解析】句意为：一只小宠物兔真的对我的生活产生了很大的影响，因此使我意识到动物的重要性。make a difference为固定搭配，意为“有影响；起作用”，故填a。
17. Built in the Qing Dynasty, the temple has a history of 300 years. It was restored at the government’s expense in the 1990s.
17.【解析】句意为：这座寺庙建于清朝，有300年的历史，于20世纪90年代在政府的资助下被修复。in the 1990s为固定用法，意为“在20世纪90年代”，故填the。
18. It took me a long time to know that there was something more for me to learn about beauty.
18.【解析】句意为：我花了很长的时间才知道，关于美，我还有很多东西要学。a long time意为“很长时间”。故填a。
19. I didn’t meet Mrs. Smith in the school, because she went to the doctor’s.
19.【解析】句意为：我昨天下午没有在学校遇到史密斯夫人，因为她去医院了。“the＋表示职业的名词的所有格”表示一个地点，如：the dentist’s（牙科诊所），the baker’s（面包店），the barber’s（理发店）等。故填the。
20. Something seemed to move in the distance. It was a figure approaching my house.
20.【解析】句意为：在远处似乎有东西在移动，有个人正在朝我家走近。in the distance为固定搭配，意为“在远方；在远处”，故填the。
21. Confucius was an extraordinary educator and philosopher, and founded Confucianism.
21.【解析】此处指孔子是一位杰出的教育家和哲学家，表示“一个”且 extraordinary开头音标是元音音标。故填冠词an。
22. If your computer remains unprotected, it will be like this, and it’s only a matter of time.
22.【解析】句意：如果你的电脑依然处于无保护状态，它将会这样，这只是时间问题。a matter of“……的问题”，该短语是固定短语，所以填a。
23. While staring out of the window during a flight, not everyone will think carefully about the question why airplanes have rounded windows rather than square ones.
23.【解析】此处为泛指，表示“在一次飞行中”，故用不定冠词a。
24. It is designed with a service life of 120 years.
24.【解析】句意：它的设计使用寿命为120年。life为可数名词，且service为辅音音素开头，表泛指前需要添加冠词a。
25. China launched these satellites with the aim of providing navigation services for countries and regions which had participated in the Belt and Road Proposal by the end of 2018.
25.【解析】句意：中国发射这些卫星是为加入一带一路的国家和地区提供导航服务。本句固定短语 with the aim of“目的是”，故用the。
26. A taxi is often the most convenient means of travel in the city.
26.【解析】句意：出租车通常是这个城市最方便的交通工具。分析句子可知，此处的most convenient为最高级，所以前面要加定冠词the。
27. For most individuals, as a result of eating foods rich in fat and sugar several years, they choose to go on a diet but do not succeed in the end.
27.【解析】as a result of为固定搭配，“由于……的结果”。故填a。
28. Of the nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six are stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.
28.【解析】Of the nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations“在这19个已知的北极熊亚种群中”，本空前填定冠词the，表示特指。
29. This is the story of the novel A Tree Grows in Brooklyn by US author Betty Smith.
29.【解析】句意：这是美国作家贝蒂·史密斯的小说“布鲁克林生长的一棵树”的故事。句中表特指，故用定冠词the。
30. It is more than an old cliché(陈词滥调), but a good way to live your life.
30.【解析】句中表泛指且修饰可数名词way，故用a。
二、 语篇语法填空
（一）
Last month I stayed in 31. the countryside for some time. Each evening I would take 32. a walk in the fields. During 33. the day, I sometimes stayed indoors and did some reading. Actually, we should have 34. the patience to read a book so that we’ll have 35. a better understanding of life.
I’m working in a large company and have a busy life. Thomas Lee, 36. the newly elected president of our company, thinks highly of me and gets me to be in charge of two departments. But I have to make 37. a compromise with him to have a chance once in 38. a while of some time free from work.
Just yesterday, Thomas called me. He said on 39. the phone that I would get back to work soon, so that I could settle some problems that had been left unsettled in 40. the absence of me, who should be in charge.
【解析】作者抛开繁忙的工作，跑到乡下度假，乡下的生活让作者觉得很舒心。
31. the【解析】“在乡村”用 in the country／countryside 表示，因此本空填定冠词 the。
32. a【解析】固定搭配 have／take a walk 表示“散步”，因此这里不定冠词a。
33. the【解析】固定搭配 during the day的意思是“在白天”。
34. the【解析】这里用固定搭配 have the patience to do sth.表示“有耐心做某事”。
35. a【解析】这里用短语 have a good understanding of 表示“充分理解……”。故本空填不定冠词a。
36. the【解析】这里名词 president不是表示职务，而是作前面专有名词Thomas Lee的同位语，指这个新任董事长，此时应该用the表示特指。
37. a【解析】这里 compromise为可数名词，make a compromise表示“作出妥协／让步”。
38. a【解析】固定短语 once in a while 表示“有时，偶尔”。
39. the【解析】固定短语 on the phone 表示“在打电话，在电话中”。
40. the【解析】这里用 in the absence of 表示“当……不在的时候”。
（二）
There once was a king who offered 1 prize to 2 artist who would paint 3 best picture of peace. Many artists tried. The king looked at all 4 pictures. But there were only two he really liked, and he had to choose between them.
One picture was of a calm lake. The lake was a perfect mirror for peaceful high mountains all around it. Overhead was a blue sky with fluffy (绒毛状的) white clouds. All who saw this picture thought it was 5 perfect picture of peace.
The other picture had mountains, too. But these were rugged and bare. Above was 6 angry sky, from which rain fell and in which lightning played. Down 7 side of the mountain tumbled (翻腾) a foaming waterfall. This did not look peaceful at all.
But when the king looked closely, he saw behind 8 waterfall a tiny bush growing in a crack in the rock. In the bush 9 mother bird had built her nest. There, in the midst of the bush of angry water, sat the mother bird on her nest — in perfect peace.
The king chose 10 second picture.
【解析】讲述了国王选择最好的和平画作的故事。
1. a ，可数名词单数，泛指，prize前用a。
2. the，艺术家是特指，后有定语从句。
3. the，最高级best 前用定冠词the。
4. the，特指前文提及的艺术家的画作，用定冠词the。
5. a，这是一幅和平宁静的完美画作，泛指用a。
6. an， sky为可数名词，前有angry修饰，元音发音前需用an。
7. the，句意：一条冒泡的瀑布从山的一侧倾泻而下。山的一侧为特指，用the。
8. the，句意：但当国王仔细看时，他看到瀑布后面的岩石裂缝里长着一株小灌木。 这里waterfall前文已提及，此处为特指，需用the。
9. a， 一只鸟妈妈，须用a。
10. the，定冠词前通常用the。若定冠词前用a/an则表示“再一次，又一次”。
（三）
The Canada Agriculture and Food Museum has partnered with Google Arts & Culture 1 (develop) “Explore a Dairy Farm”, a virtual reality (VR) exploration available through the Google Exploration app.
This virtual tour offers users private access to rarely-seen areas of the museum, which is a working farm located on a 2 (nation) heritage site. Follow the museum’s herdspeople (牧民) as they complete 3 (they) afternoon chores and care for the dairy herd.
Created using 3D photography, the virtual tour 4 (design) to be viewed using a smartphone within a Google Cardboard viewer. The tour can also be viewed 5 a smartphone or tablet — without 6 (use) Google Cardboard. There 7 (be) nine slides, or broad views, with each one offering between three and five 8 (point) of interest.
The museum has also prepared several streams of questions that teachers can present to their students about the tour, 9 are age-appropriate for different grade levels and linked to the geography. A narrated sound file is also available for users who want to take 10 independent trip.
【解析】本文主要介绍了加拿大农业和食品博物馆的虚拟之旅——探索奶牛场。
1. to develop 考查非谓语动词。因句中已有谓语动词has partnered；develop应为非谓语动词；表示目的，用其动词不定式to develop。
2. national 考查词性转换。修饰名词短语heritage site，应用形容词。
3. their 考查代词。修饰名词afternoon chores(下午的日常事务)应用形容词性物主代词。
4. is designed 考查被动语态。因主语the virtual tour (虚拟之旅)与谓语动词design(设计)之间是被动关系，且根据上下文应用一般现在时，故应填is designed。
5. with 考查介词。表示“用”应用介词with。
6. using 考查非谓语动词。在介词without后应用v-ing，故填using。
7. are 考查主谓一致。There be遵循就近原则，nine slides是复数，且根据上下文应用一般现在时，故用are。
8. points 考查名词单复数。因受three and five修饰，要用复数形式。
9. which 考查连词。引导非限制性定语从句，进一步说明先行词questions是适合不同年级水平的学生的，故填which。
10. an 考查冠词。在以元音音素开头的independent前，且trip是单数，故用an。
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
专题二 冠词（原卷版）
【解密高考】冠词是历年高考的必考点，对于冠词的考查主要集中在冠词的基本用法和习惯用法，高考中常见的考点如下：
① 冠词的泛指、特指
② 在形容词和副词比较等级前的用法
③ 固定搭配
④ a 和an的区别
【命题方向】预计2023年高考仍会以考查冠词在具体语境中的正确使用为主，以语篇型语法填空的形式出现，可能把冠词的各种用法结合名词一起进行考查。
核心考点1 不定冠词用法
1．不定冠词
不定冠词有a和an，他们都用于可数名词单数前，泛指人和物。表示可数事物中的一个。但两者用法有区别：（1）若随后的单词以辅音音素开头，用a。如：a lot of ，a good idea ，a pear。
若随后的单词以元音音素开头，用an。如：an example ， an orange ， an apple。
由于很多考生音标学习得不好，在这里会有很大障碍，所以在这里我们只需要记住一些特殊的常考的加a单词（单词首字母A／E／I／O／U开头的单词）：
European、university、useful、unique、UFO、U。
其余均认为单词首字母A／E／I／O／U开头的单词加an即可。
这里要注意以否定前缀un开头的单词，发音为元音，须用an。
而某些以字母h开头的单词用an，因为这些单词的“h”不发音。如：an honest boy，an hour ago。也需要特殊记忆。不定冠词多表示泛指。
1．泛指某类人或物（或其中的任何一个）、初次谈到或见到的人或物。这个用法是不定冠词考查的重点。eg:-I knocked over my coffee cup. It went right over the keyboard.
-You shouldn' t put drinks near a computer.
2．表示“每一”，相当于every／per。
eg : I earn 10 dollars an hour as a supermarket cashier on Saturdays.
3．表示“一个”，相当于one。
eg : My sister sometimes has only an apple for dinner because she wants to be thin.
4．用于专有名词前表示“某一个．．．．．”，相当于a certain；或属于某人的物品。
eg:-Hello,could I speak to Mr.Smith
-Sorry,wrong number. There isn' ta Mr.Smith here.
5．用于序数词前表示“再一，又一”。
eg:She didn' t like the color of the two bags and asked for a third one.
6．用于动词转化的名词前，表示一次动作。
eg:Let' s go and have a look.
7．用于一些固定搭配或固定短语中。这一点也是冠词常考的方面，考生应加强记忆。a lot (of) a few in a hurry a little
have a cold 感冒
make a face 做鬼脸
a number of 大量的
a pair of 一双，一对
have a good time玩得高兴
have a swim=swim 游泳
have a walk=walk 散步
have a look=look 看一看
as a result 因此
【考例1】1．When we got a call saying she was short-listed, we thought it was ______ joke.
【解析】考查冠词。考查现在分词和冠词。句意：当我们收到一个电话说她入围候选人了，我们认为那是一个笑话。joke是可数名词的单数，所以该空用不定冠词a表泛指。
【考例2】As ________ result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing.
【解析】考查冠词。句意：结果，人们将吃更多的食物去弥补损失的东西。as a result是固定搭配，意为“结果”。故填a。
【考例3】But unlike her school friends, 16-year-old Sarah is not spending half-term resting (rest). Instead, she is earning 6500 a day as ________ model in New York.
【解析】考查冠词。句意：但与学校朋友不同的是，16岁的莎拉没有花半个学期的时间休息；相反，她在纽约当模特每天挣6500英镑。model是可数名词，前面没有限定词，而此处指“一个”，表泛指，用a。故填a。
【考例4】（2022全国甲卷）________ friend of his, Wu Fan, volunteered to be his companion during the trip. （用适当的词填空）
【答案】A
【详解】考查冠词。句意：他的一位朋友Wu Fan在旅行中自愿成为他的同伴。根据句意可知，此处泛指“他的一个朋友”，应用不定冠词，friend以辅音音素开头，应用a。句首字母大写，故填A。
【考例5】As the song goes, this long and winding road “will never disappear”, and it will always stick in the visitor’s memory. It sure does in mine .While you’re in China, Mount Huangshan is ________ must to visit! （用适当的词填空）
【答案】a
【详解】考查冠词。句意：正如歌中所唱的那样，这条漫长而曲折的道路“永远不会消失”，它将永远留在游客的记忆中。对我的确是这样。当你在中国的时候，黄山是必游之地！must作名词时，意为“绝对必要的事物”，为可数名词，此处泛指“一个必须去的地方”，应用不定冠词，must是以辅音音素开头的词，应用a。故填a。
【考例6】Instead, she is earning $6,500 a day as ________ model in New York.
【答案】a
【详解】考查冠词。句意：相反，她在纽约做模特每天能挣6500美元。此处“作为一名模特，”表泛指。model 的发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。
核心考点2定冠词the的用法
1.定冠词
定冠词是虚词，本身不能单独使用，也没有词义，用在名词的前面，帮助指明名词的含义。区别于不定冠词，定冠词具有确定的意思，用以特指人或事物，表示名词所指的人或事物是同类中的特定的一个，以别于同类中其他的人或事物，相当于汉语中的“那个”或“这个”的意思。它可以和单、复数名词，也可以和不可数的名词连用。
2.定冠词基本用法
（1）用以特指某（些）人或某（些）事物
This is the house where Luxun once lived.这是鲁迅曾经住过的房子。
（2）用于指谈话双方都明确所指的人或事物
Open the door, please.请把门打开。
（3）用以复述上文提过的人或事物（第一次提到用“a或an”，以后再次提到用“the"）Once there lived a lion in the forest. Every day the lion asked small animals to look for food for him.从前森林里住着一只狮子。每天这只狮子要小动物们为他寻找食物。
（4）用在序数词和形容词最高级前
January is the first month of the year.一月份是一年当中的第一个月。
（5）表示世界上宇宙中独一无二的事物
the sun太阳the earth 地球the sky 天空the world 世界
（6）指由普通名词构成的专有名词
the West Lake西湖the Great Wall长城the United States美国the United Nations 联合国
（7）表示方向、方位
in the east 在东方in the front在前面in the bottom 在底部on the right 在右边
（8）在海洋、江河、湖泊、山脉、海峡、海湾等地理名词前the Pacific Ocean太平洋the Yellow River 黄河tthe Taiwan Straits台湾海峡
（9）在姓氏复数前，表示一家人
The Bakers came to see me yesterday.
The Greens are having dinner at home.
（10）和某些形容词连用，使形容词名词化，代表一类人或物
the poor穷人 the rich富人 the sick病人
the wounded伤员 the good 好人 the beautiful 美丽的事物
（11）用在表示阶级、政党的名词前
the working class 工人阶级 the Chinese Communist Party 中国共产党
（12）用在the very强调句中This is the very book I want.这就是我想要的那本书。
（13）固定用法：the+比较级.…..the+比较级...，表示越....越...…
（14）表示演奏乐器时，乐器的前面要加the
play the piano弹钢琴
play the violin 拉小提琴
注：中国乐器名词前不与冠词连用:er-hu(二胡)
（15）某些固定的表达法：
in the morning 在早上 in the afternoon 在下午
in the evening 在晚上 go to the cinema 去看电影
go to the theatre 去看戏 all the year round 一年到头
on the way to 前往..去的路上
（16）the加单数可数名词可以表示一类人或事物
The horse is a useful animal.马是一种有用的动物。
注意：像这类句子还有如下两种写法
A horse is a useful animal.
Horses are useful animals.
（17）在句型“动词+sb.+介词+the+身体某一部位"中要用the，而不用人称代词。
take sb.by the arm 抓住某人的手臂
hit sb.in the face打某人的脸
be red in the face 脸红
be lame in the right leg右腿瘸
类似以上的结构中,名词前要用the。
3.定冠词特殊用法
（1）特指双方都明白的人或物：Take the medicine.把药吃了。
（2）与复数名词连用，指整个群体：They are the teachers of this school.指全体教师）They are teachers of this school.(指部分教师）
（3）表示所有，相当于物主代词，用在表示身体部位的名词前：She caught me by the arm.她抓住了我的手臂。
（4）用在某些由普通名词构成的国家名称、机关团体、阶级、等专有名词前：the People's Republic of China中华人民共和国the United States 美国
（5）用在某些习惯用语中
at the same time 同时
by the way 顺便问一句
for the present暂时
go to the cinema看电影
in the end 最后
in the dark在黑暗中，不知道
in the least 一点，丝毫
in the open 在野外
in the past在过去
in the long run从长远来看
in the event of万一
in the morning 在上午
in the way 挡道，碍事
on the whole总体上
on the other hand另一方面
on the contrary相反地
out of the question不可能的
（6）在中国传统节日前加the
The Spring Festival春节
The Dragon Boat Festival龙舟节（端午节）
The Mid-autumn Festival中秋节
（巧学妙记）定冠词的用法口诀：
特指双知上文提，独一无二普遍专；
方位顺序最高级；赛项乐器影剧院；
姓氏复数一家人，形容词前可数单；
群岛河山江湖海，沙漠海峡和海湾。
阶级党派国全名，组织团体与机关。
连续应用比较级，朝代年代按天算。
【考例7】 Of ________ nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations，three are declining，six are stable，one is increasing，and nine lack enough data.
【答案】the
【详解】考查冠词。句意：在19个已确认的北极熊亚种群中，3个在下降，6个稳定，1个在增加，9个缺乏足够的数据。此处特指确认的19个亚种群，用定冠词the符合题意。故填the。
【考例8】Everybody wears ________ same style of clothes. Uniforms can be useful in unexpected ways.
【答案】the
【详解】考查定冠词。句意：每个人都穿同一款式的衣服。制服可以以意想不到的方式发挥作用。分析可知，“same”前需用定冠词“the”作限定词，“the same...”，意为“相同的……”。故填the。
【考例9】Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over ________ past 25 years. （用适当的词填空）
【答案】the
【详解】考查冠词。句意：玉米产量已经上涨了近125%再过去的25年间。此处表示特指，意为“在过去的25年”。故填the。
【考例10】This included digging up the road, laying the track and then building a strong roof over ____ top. （用适当的单词填空）
【答案】the
【详解】考查定冠词。句意：这包括洼路，铺设轨道然后在顶上建造一个结实的顶。此处指的是在顶端建造一个结实的顶，表示特指，所以在 top前加the。故答案为the.
【考例11】Unexpectedly, I’m face-to-face with the gorilla, who begins screaming at ________ top of her lungs.
【答案】the
【详解】考查冠词。句意：出乎意料的是，我正面对着那只大猩猩，它开始声嘶力竭地尖叫。at the top of one’s lungs是固定短语，意为“用尽量大的声音”，因此填定冠词the。故填the。
【考例12】（2022年全国乙卷） To celebrate ______ festival, a number of events took place at the Chinese Businessman Museum in Beijing on Thursday.
【答案】the
【详解】考查冠词。句意：为了庆祝这一节日，周四在北京的中国商人博物馆举行了一系列活动。根据语境可知，此处为特指这一节日，所以用定冠词the。故填the。
【考例13】．（2022年全国甲卷）Inspired by the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation held in Beijing, Cao decided to cover the route by hiking as a tribute (致敬) to the ancient Silk Road. ______ friend of his, Wu Fan, volunteered to be his companion during the trip.
【答案】A
【详解】考查冠词。句意：受到在北京举行的一带一路国际合作论坛的启发，曹决定徒步旅行，以纪念古老的丝绸之路。他的一个朋友，吴凡，在旅行中自愿做他的同伴。根据句意可知，此处泛指“他的一个朋友”，应用不定冠词，friend以辅音音素开头，应用a，空处位于句首，首字母大写。故填A。
【考例14】（2022新高考I卷）Covering an area about three times ________ size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country. （用适当的词填空）
【答案】the
【详解】考查冠词、倍数表达法。句意：该公园占地面积约为黄石国家公园的三倍，将成为中国首批国家公园之一。倍数表达法之一是：倍数+ the size of +比较成份。故填the。
核心考点3 零冠词的用法和含有冠词的词组辨析
1.零冠词
冠词本身不能单独使用，也没有词义，它用在名词的前面，帮助指明名词的含义。英语中的冠词有三种，一种是定冠词，另一种是不定冠词，还有一种是零冠词。零冠词即是指名词前面没有不定冠词（a、an）、定冠词（the），也没有其他限定词的现象。
2.零冠词三种基本用法
（1）专有名词、物质名词、抽象名词和表示人名、地名、头衔、职务的名词前，一般不加冠词。He will take over as general manager when Mr Smith retires.
（2）表示季节、年份、日期、节日、假日和一日三餐的名词前，一般不加冠词。
We had bacon and eggs for breakfast.
（3）表示学科、球类运动和棋牌类游戏的名词前不用冠词。In that school, English is compulsory for all students, but French and Russian are optional.
3.零冠词的其他用法
（1）系动词turn后作表语的单数可数名词前不用冠词，但名词前若有形容词作定语时，则必须加冠词。Lu Xun was a doctor before he turned writer.She has turned a successful singer.
（2 ）as/though引导的让步状语从句中，如果作表语的名词置于句首，习惯上单数名词前不用冠词。Child as/though she is, she plays the violin perfectly.
（3）一人兼多种身份的情况，只在第一个名词前使用冠词，其他名词前不再使用冠词。The professor and writer is speaking at the meeting.
（4）no与such连用时，such后的名词不用冠词。There is no such thing as a free lunch.
（5）表示泛指或一般概念的抽象名词前，即使有描绘性修饰词，仍不用冠词。I like light music very much.注意：若表示特指，抽象名词前用定冠词。I like the music of Mozart.
（6）在通常情况下，专有名词前不用冠词。Smith lives in London.注意：若表示特指，专有名词前有时也可以用定冠词。专有名词转化为普通名词，其前可用a/an，表示某人或某人的一部作品、艺术品等。He is a Newton of today.他是当代的牛顿。
（7）在某些固定短语、习惯用法中，不用冠词。
①成对使用的词，如：father and son父子；hand in hand手拉手；back to back背靠背；from time to time有时；day in and day out日复一日。
②介词短语，如：in advance提前；by chance碰巧；at ease自由自在；in general总的来说；in place在适当的位置；in case of万一，以防；at risk处境危险；in particular尤其，特别；on behalf of代表。
③动词短语，如：pay attention to注意；make fun of取笑；make sense讲得通，有意义；give way to让路，让步；give birth to产生，分娩；take place发生。
（巧学妙记）零冠词用法口诀
下列情况应免冠，名词之前代词限；
专有名词不可数，学科球棋三餐饭；
复数名词表泛指，星月节日四季前；
颜色语种和国名，习语称呼及头衔。
4.含有冠词的词组辨析有无冠词之差英语中有不少词组，从形式看好像只有冠词之差，而实际上却是意义完全不同的词组。
in front of在....(外)的前面;
in the front of在…...(内)的前面
There is a garden in front of the classroom.教室前面有一个花园。(外）
There is a blackboard in the front of the classroom.教室前面有一块黑板。（内）
2.in charge of 掌管、负责; in the charge of 在....负责之下
An experienced worker is in charge of the project.一位有经验的个人负责这个项目。
The project is in the charge of an experienced worker.这个项目由一位经验丰富的工人负责。
3. at table 在进餐、吃饭时；at the table 在桌旁
He seldom talks at table.吃饭时他很少说话。
They sat at the table,talking and laughing.他们坐在桌旁，边说边笑。
4.by day 白天、日间；by the day 按日计
He works in an office by day.他白天在办公室工作。
Cleaning women in big cities get paid by the day.大城市的清洁女工按日获得报酬。
5.take place发生、举行;take the place(of)代替、接替
When did this conversation take place 这次谈话什么时候进行的
Electric trains have now taken the place of steam trains in our country.在我们国家,电力火车已经取代了蒸汽火车。
6.in words用语言；in a word总之
Please express your thoughts in words.请用言语表达你的想法。
In a word,I don't trust you.总之,我不相信你。
7.at times有时、不时；at a time一次
I do feel a little nervous at times.有时我确实感到有些紧张。
Pass me the bricks two at a time.每次递给我两块砖。
8.little少、不多的；a little一些、一点儿
Hurry up,there is little time left.快点，时间不多了。
Don't hurry,you still have a little time.不用急,你还有时间。
9.few很少、几乎没有的；a few有些、几个
He is a man of few words.他是一个少言寡语的人。
Only a few of the children can read.只有几个孩子会阅读。
10.a most interesting 非常有趣的；the most interesting 最有趣的（形容词的最高级）
This is a most interesting story.这是一个非常有趣的故事。
This is the most interesting story of the three.这是三个故事中最有趣的一个。
11.a doctor and nurse一位医生兼护士；a doctor and a nurse一位医生和一位护士
a doctor and nurse is standing there.一位兼护士的医生正站在那儿。
a doctor and a nurse are standing there.一位医生和一位护士正站在那儿。
12.a number of 许多、好些；the number of .……的数目（后面的谓语动词用单数）
A number of students are in the classroom.许多学生在教室里。
The number of students in the classroom is forty.教室里有40个学生。
【考例15】Everything is a bit depressing at the moment, but I carry an in the belief that good times are just ___________.
A．out of date B．out of order C．around the corner D．around the clock
【答案】C
【详解】考查固定短语辨析。句意：现在一切都有点令人沮丧，但我坚信美好的时光即将发生。A. out of date过时的；B. out of order无序；C. around the corner即将发生；D. around the clock昼夜不停。根据上文“I carry an in the belief that good times are just”指坚信美好的时光即将发生。故选C。
【考例16】The company is putting more money into the building of a new factory _______ the fast growing demand for the products in the market.
A．in response to B．in return for C．in case of D．in charge of
【答案】A
【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：该公司正投入更多的资金建设新工厂，以应对市场对产品的快速增长的需求。A. in response to作为回应，应对；B. in return for作为回报；C. in case of 以防；D. in charge of负责。结合句意可知，投入资金建新工厂的目的是应对市场对产品的快速增长的需求，in response to符合题意。故选A。
【考例17】一Shall we go to see Midway this weekend
— ________. I am otherwise engaged.
A．Never mind B．It's out of question
C．No problem D．It's out of the question
【答案】D
【详解】考查交际用语。——我们这个周末去看《决战中途岛》，好吗？——这是不可能的。我另有安排。A. Never mind不要紧；B. It's out of question没问题；C. No problem没问题；D. It's out of the question这是不可能的。根据“I am otherwise engaged.”有事情另有安排，所以是不可能去看电影的。 故选D。
一、单句语法填空
1. It conforms to(符合) the status of China, a great power with lasting civilization of several thousand years in the East.
2. It’s not unusual for a dog to attempt to take shelter from the storm by seeking lowest place in the house or someplace near the house’s pipes.
3.William Wu, manager of Universum, said that banking remains attractive industry for young Chinese.
4. It may be hard to imagine that a sofa or a table could actually be green product, but they really can be depending on what they’re made of.
5. On topic of classical music, I always love the clapping and the cheering that come at the end of a concert.
6. You don’t have to be Jack Ma to be successful. As long as you can inspire someone to make a difference, you will succeed.
7. The concert was such success that it was expected to run for the second night.
8. Of the two Australian students, Masha is taller one. I think you can find her easily.
9. Montreal, port city in the province of Quebec, is the second largest city in Canada.
10. I just heard bank where Julie works was praised by the government for its great contributions to the city’s economy.
11. They conducted a trial across China from August 2016 to May 2017, covering total of 1,369 adult smokers.
12. Spending too much time playing games will not only have bad effect on their studies but also do harm to their health.
13. First, you should take active part in the discussions and show your own opinions about the matters.
14. The number of honeybees hasn’t changed much over the past few years, but the overall picture doesn’t look good for an insect that plays important role in our food supply.
15. Over time, some people become addicted to caffeine and need more of it to have same effect.
16. A small pet rabbit really made big difference to my life, thus making me aware of the importance of animals.
17. Built in the Qing Dynasty, the temple has a history of 300 years. It was restored at the government’s expense in
1990s.
18. It took me long time to know that there was something more for me to learn about beauty.
19. I didn’t meet Mrs. Smith in the school, because she went to doctor’s.
20. Something seemed to move in distance. It was a figure approaching my house.
21. Confucius was extraordinary educator and philosopher, and founded Confucianism.
22. If your computer remains unprotected, it will be like this, and it’s only matter of time.
23. While staring out of the window during flight, not everyone will think carefully about the question why airplanes have rounded windows rather than square ones.
24. It is designed with service life of 120 years.
25. China launched these satellites with aim of providing navigation services for countries and regions which had participated in the Belt and Road Proposal by the end of 2018.
26. A taxi is often most convenient means of travel in the city.
27. For most individuals, as result of eating foods rich in fat and sugar several years, they choose to go on a diet but do not succeed in the end.
28. Of nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six are stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.
29. This is story of the novel A Tree Grows in Brooklyn by US author Betty Smith.
30. It is more than an old cliché(陈词滥调), but good way to live your life.
二、 语篇语法填空
（一）
Last month I stayed in 31. countryside for some time. Each evening I would take 32. walk in the fields. During 33. day, I sometimes stayed indoors and did some reading. Actually, we should have 34. patience to read a book so that we’ll have 35. better understanding of life.
I’m working in a large company and have a busy life. Thomas Lee, 36. newly elected president of our company, thinks highly of me and gets me to be in charge of two departments. But I have to make promise with him to have a chance once in 38. while of some time free from work.
Just yesterday, Thomas called me. He said on 39. phone that I would get back to work soon, so that I could settle some problems that had been left unsettled in 40. absence of me, who should be in charge.
（二）
There once was a king who offered 1 prize to 2 artist who would paint 3 best picture of peace. Many artists tried. The king looked at all 4 pictures. But there were only two he really liked, and he had to choose between them.
One picture was of a calm lake. The lake was a perfect mirror for peaceful high mountains all around it. Overhead was a blue sky with fluffy (绒毛状的) white clouds. All who saw this picture thought it was 5 perfect picture of peace.
The other picture had mountains, too. But these were rugged and bare. Above was 6 angry sky, from which rain fell and in which lightning played. Down 7 side of the mountain tumbled (翻腾) a foaming waterfall. This did not look peaceful at all.
But when the king looked closely, he saw behind 8 waterfall a tiny bush growing in a crack in the rock. In the bush 9 mother bird had built her nest. There, in the midst of the bush of angry water, sat the mother bird on her nest — in perfect peace.
The king chose 10 second picture.
（三）
The Canada Agriculture and Food Museum has partnered with Google Arts & Culture 1 (develop) “Explore a Dairy Farm”, a virtual reality (VR) exploration available through the Google Exploration app.
This virtual tour offers users private access to rarely-seen areas of the museum, which is a working farm located on a 2 (nation) heritage site. Follow the museum’s herdspeople (牧民) as they complete 3 (they) afternoon chores and care for the dairy herd.
Created using 3D photography, the virtual tour 4 (design) to be viewed using a smartphone within a Google Cardboard viewer. The tour can also be viewed 5 a smartphone or tablet — without 6 (use) Google Cardboard. There 7 (be) nine slides, or broad views, with each one offering between three and five 8 (point) of interest.
The museum has also prepared several streams of questions that teachers can present to their students about the tour, 9 are age-appropriate for different grade levels and linked to the geography. A narrated sound file is also available for users who want to take 10 independent trip.
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