人教版（2019） 选择性必修第二册 Unit 4 Journey Across a Vast Land 单元语法巩固练习与写作练习学案（有答案））

择性必修二 Unit 4 Journey Across A Vast Land 单元语法及写作
一、单元语法（过去分词作表语和状语）
（一）doing与done形式作表语和状语时的比较
1. done与doing形式作表语时，done形式通常用于说明人，表示“某人感到…”之意；而doing则主要用于说明事物，表示事物的性质或特征，有“某物是令人…”之意；
We were amazed to find that no one liked this brand.
By the way, the recipe is simply amazing.
2. done和doing形式做状语时，一般在句子中表示原因，时间或伴随状态等，done形式与其逻辑主语之间时被动关系，往往含有完成意义，而doing形式则表示主动关系。
Seen from the hill, the city looks awesome.
Seeing the police, he made a run for the exit.
（二）过去分词作表语
1. 过去分词可放在连系动词be, get, feel, remain, seem, look, become等后面作表语，表示主语所处的情绪或状态。
The chef seemed quite delighted at the news.
The door remained locked.
2. “be+done”表示状态时，是系表结构，此时的过去分词通常已形容词化；表示动作时，是被动语态，且绝大多数被动结构中的动作执行者由介词by引出。
比较：The book is well written.
The book was written by Mo Yan.
3. 英语中由很多与感觉有关的使令动词，其doing表示主动意义，即“令人…的”，多用来修饰物；其done形式表示“感到…的”，多用来修饰人，人的声音或表情等。常用的这类词：amaze, surprise; astonish; shock; excite; inspire; encourage; disappoint; interest; move; frighten; tire; worry; puzzle, confuse; satisfy等。
（三）过去分词或短语作状语
过去分词或短语作状语，表动作发生的背景或情况，可在句子中作时间、原因、条件、让步、方式或伴随状语等，其逻辑主语就是句子的主语，过去分词与主语之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，及构成被动关系。
When completed, the canal will connect the river with the lake.(时间)
Lost in deep thought, I didn’t notice what was happening outside.(原因)
Given another hour, I can also work out the problem.(条件)
Beaten by the opposite team, we didn’t lose heart and encouraged each other.(让步)
The old man got on the bus, supported by a girl.(方式或伴随)
注意：1. 过去分词或短语作状语时，其前面可以带有相应的连词，如when, though, although, as if/though, if, unless, until, once等，表时间、让步、方式、条件等。
When exposed to light, potatoes will turn green.
2. 过去分词或短语作状语时，其逻辑主语与句子的主语要一致。如果主语不一致，要在分词前加上逻辑主语，则构成独立主格结构。
If caught, the thief will be punished by the police.
The incident puzzling me considerably, I’m eager for your help.
3. 逻辑主语和过去分词或短语之间存在被动关；而与doing之间存在主动关系。
Caught in a heavy rain, he was late for the interview.
Looking out of the window, I saw some students sweeping up the bits of paper.
I. 单句语法填空
1. Both he and I are ______________(satisfy) with the writer’s craft.
2. The girl accepted a bunch of roses, deeply ____________(move).
3. ____________(fill) with curiosity, the artist packed his bags and left.
4. As you know, once ____________(pour), water can’t be taken back.
5. _____________(see) those pictures, he couldn’t help ______________(think) of happy days in the dairy.
6. The news from the mall was _____________ and they were all ________________ at it. (excite)
7. The chefs all felt ______________at the _______________ news. (encourage)
8. Generally speaking, when ___________(take) according to the directions, the drug has no side effects.
9. Clearly and thoughtfully _____________(write), the recipe book inspires confidence in learners who wish to seek their own answers.
10. Do you feel (frighten) when ______________(go) into the wilderness alone
II．完成下面句子
当问及他成功的秘诀的时候，这位运动员把它归功于妻子和孩子一致的支持。
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如果再给一次机会的话，他们会再次游览Vancouver.
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飞往Vancouver的旅行对于李黛玉来讲很令人激动，接着而来的是坐火车旅行。
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当游览一个岛屿的时候，我对岛上的古代艺术作品感到很惊讶。
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从山上下来我累了，而在森林中露营让我感到神清气爽(refresh).
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III. 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1_______________(attract) by the description of a beautiful city in the newspaper, Jack decided to do something for the 2______________(surround) of his own city. First, he took up 3____________(cycle) to save resources. Then he called on people to save grain, because he found 4__________ hard to tolerate wasting in daily life. After that, 5____________(guide) by an expert, he had his previous plan 6_____________(adjust) and tried to make a switch. 7___________(unit) with a group of people who had the same interest as him, he made an effort to handle the 8__________(pollute) river. Though 9___________(reject) sometimes, he never gave up. 10_____________(support) by many citizens, he was optimistic about the future of his city.
二、单元写作：（关于旅游的邮件）
(一)、Suppose you are Li Daiyu, you are writing a diary on the train to Toronto, reflecting the days in Canada mostly using –ed or –ing forms.
1___________(sit) in the seat on the train to Toronto with a warm drink in my hand, I reflected on the days– days of pure magic. It was the most fantastic I have ever experienced. When first 2____________(arrive) at Vancouver, I was deeply 3______________(attract) by its beauty and prosperity. Despite the rain, Liu Qian and I were 4___________(thrill) to explore the city. Taking a boat ride out into the bay and 5___________(visit) the wonderful shops selling crafts and antiques made the journey worthwhile. The next day, we took the Train to Lake Louise. 6___________(look) at the beautiful mountains and forests of Canada, I knew that it was the most awesome journey I had ever taken. I was quite cheerful to see mountain goats, deer, a grizzly bear and an eagle. Then I changed the train to a taxi. 7___________(see) from the taxi, the blue water was literally breathtaking with its exceptional beautiful. From Edmonton, I was 8_______________(astonish) at such an open country when the train was heading southeast across the great Canadian Prairie. With the train 9___________(thunder) on through the rolling hills, I saw red, gold and orange bushes and maples outside the windows, which were beautiful and 10_____________(fascinate).
(二)、关于旅行的邮件：第一部分：开门见山，旅行概况
第二部分：重点介绍旅游过程，描述所见所闻。可适当表达自己的内心心情
第三部分：谈此次旅行的感受，总体评价。
I．典例详析
假定你是李华，你在国庆期间游览了长城，请你写一封信给你的好友Jimmy，简要介绍此次旅行。
注意：1. 词数80左右；2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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a. 关键词语：
1. 吸引某人的注意力______________________________ 2. 旅行最精彩的部分______________________
3. 被公认为 _____________________________________ 4. 使某人惊叹 ___________________________
5. 壮丽的风景 ___________________________________ 6. 一如既往 _____________________________
7．一处旅游景点 ________________________________ 8. 返回__________________________________
9. 乘坐长途汽车__________________________________ 10. 除…之外_____________________________
b. 根据中文提示完成下面句子（尽可能用上已学词汇和句式）：
第一部分：开门见山
1. 在国庆期间，带着兴奋我游览了北京的一个著名景点——长城。
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第二部分：旅游过程
2. 我早起乘坐长途汽车去了长城，它坐落于北京的西北部。
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3. 北京，一如既往，天气温和晴朗。
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4. 从高处看，长城的群山和森林看起来都很巨大，我惊叹于它的异常美丽。
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5. 最让我印象深刻的是能追溯到3，000年前的文化遗址。
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6. 除了欣赏壮丽的山峰和森林，旅行的亮点之一是能买到许多不同的手工艺品和古董。
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第三部分：总评
7. 看着美丽的风景，我认为没有什么比这次旅行更令人惊叹的了。
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连句成文（尽可能使用高级词汇和句式）：
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实战演练：
假设你是李华，你的英国笔友Tom写信询问你的一次难忘的旅游经历。请你用英语给他会一封邮件，要点包括：
1. 旅游过程；
2. 你的感受。
注意：1. 词数80左右；2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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Unit 4 单元语法和写作参考答案：
I. 1 satisfied 2 moved 3 Filled 4 poured 5 Seeing; thinking 6 exciting; excited
7 encouraged; encouraging 8 taken 9 written 10 frightened; going
II. 1. When asked about the secret of his success, he owed it to his wife and children’s consistent support.
2. When/If given another chance, they will pay a visit to Vancouver once more.
3. A plane trip to Vancouver is thrilling for Li Daiyu, followed by a train one.
4. When visiting an island, I was astonished at the ancient works of art.
5. I was tired coming down from the mountain while taking a hike in a forest made me refreshed.
III. 1 Attracted 2surroundings 3 cycling 4 it 5 guided 6 adjusted 7 United
8 polluted 9 rejected 10 Supported
单元写作：（一）1 Sitting 2 arriving 3 attracted 4 thrilled 5 visiting 6 Looking 7 Seen
8 astonished 9 thundering 10 fascinating
(二)、a. 关键词语：
1. 吸引某人的注意力attract/draw sb’s attention 2. 旅行最精彩的部分the highlight of one’s trip
3. 被公认为 be recognized as 4. 使某人惊叹 take one’s breath away
5. 壮丽的风景 magnificent/exceptional/spectacular scenery 6. 一如既往 As is typical of...
7．一处旅游景点 one of the tourist sights/a tourist attraction 8. 返回return/go back
9. 乘坐长途汽车take the coach to 10. 除…之外in addition (to)
b. 根据中文提示完成下面句子（尽可能用上已学词汇和句式）：
1. During the National Day, with great excitement, I visited one of the most famous tourist sights in Beijing---the Great Wall.
2. I arose early to take the coach to the Great wall, which is located in the north-west of Beijing.
3. As is typical of Beijing, it was mild and clear.
4. Seen from the top, the rolling hills and forests looked massive, which took my breath away with its exceptional beauty.
5. What impressed me most was the cultural heritage site dating back to over 3000 years.
6. In addition to seeing spectacular mountain peaks and forests, one highlight of my trip was being able to buy various crafts and antiques.
7. Looking at the impressive scenery, I agreed that it was the most awesome journey I had ever taken.
实战演练：
Dear Tom,
How is everything going I’m delighted to share a truly fascinating travel experience that I had during my last summer holiday.
On July 7, my parents and I took a bus to Leshan, Sichuan Province, which is famous for the Giant Stone Buddha. The Buddha is literally big. Looking up at the large head and down at the large feet, I felt I was so small. The next day, we climbed Mount Emei, where the exceptional scenery took our breath away. There are many old temples and wild monkeys. At dusk, we made our way back. We were all tired but our trip to Leshan was really unforgettable. If I have time, I am bound to pay a visit to Leshan once more.
I’m looking forward to going there with you next time.
Yours,
Li Hua
Unit4 Journey Across A Vast Land
一、核心单词
1. pleasant adj. 令人愉快的; 友好的
be pleasant/friendly to sb对...友好
please v. 使满意; 使愉快
pleased adj.高兴的;满意的
pleasing 令人高兴的/满意的
be pleased to do 高兴/乐于做...
be pleased with 对...高兴/满意
2.arise -arose--arisen v. 起身;出现;由…引起
arise from/out...由...产生/引起
rise -rose- risen v. 升起; 上升; 增加; 增长;
raise v. 提高; 升高; 举起;
3.massive adj. 巨大的; 非常严重的
massively adv.大量地，沉重地
massiveness n. 沉重; 巨大，大块; 大量
mass n. 团，块，众多，群众
a mass of = masses of 大量的
4.breath n.呼吸的空气
breathe v.呼吸；低语；松口气
breathless adj.喘不过气来的
take sb’s breath away令人惊叹
hold one’s breath 屏住呼吸; 屏住气
catch one’s breath 喘口气；缓口气
take /have a deep breath 深深吸一口气
get one’s breath back 恢复正常呼吸
out of breath 上气不接下气
5. bound adj. 准备前往(某地);一定会
be bound to do sth.一定会做...；注定会做...
be bound for开往；飞往；驶往
be bound up with sth.与某事有密切联系
be bound up in sth忙于（专心于；热衷于）某事
spectacular a. 壮观的;壮丽的;惊人的n.壮丽的场面;精彩的表演
spectacularly adv. 壮观地, 令人吃惊地, 惊人的
spectacular scenery 壮丽的景色
7.anticipate vt. 预料;预见;期望
anticipation n. 预期; 预计; 期盼; 预料; 期望
anticipate doing sth 预期做某事
anticipate that ...预料
It is anticipated that ...据预料......
as anticipated 不出所料；正如预期
8.duration n. 持续的时间; 期间
for the duration在整个期间
during prep. 在...期间
contrary adj. 相反的; 相对立的n. 相反的事实(或事情)
contrary to相反的；相对立的
contrarily adv.相反地；反之；反对地
on the contrary 与此相反; 恰恰相反
to the contrary相反的
10. astonish vt.使十分惊讶；使吃惊
astonishing adj.令人惊讶的
astonished adj.感到惊讶/惊奇的
astonishment n. 惊讶；惊异
be astonished at/by sth. 因某事而吃惊
be astonished to do sth. 因做某事而吃惊
What astonished sb.most was ...让某人感到非常吃惊的是......
It astonishes sb. that… 让某人感到惊讶的是…
to one’s astonishment 使某人惊讶的是
in astonishment 吃惊地
11.advertisement /ad n.广告;启事 (pl. advertisements)
put/place an advertisement (for...) (为...)打广告
advertise v. 打广告; 征聘; 宣传
advertiser n. 广告公司，广告商
12.photographer n. 摄影师;拍照者
photograph n. 照片; 相片 vt.& vi.为…拍照; 拍照，摄影
photography n. 摄影(术); 照相(术)
13.owe vt. 欠(账、债、情等)
owe sth.to sb.=owe sb sth 欠(某人情);把…归功于某人
owe it to sb. that...归功于某人
owing to= because of 因为，由于
二、记叙文------游记
假定你是李华，暑假期间，你和父母去了北京旅游。请你根据以下要点提示给英国好友Daniel写一封邮件，分享你此次旅游的经历。
1.表明写信目的;
2.介绍旅游经历(时间、主要交通方式、参观的地方等);
3.希望了解好友的假期生活。
参考词汇：长城the Great Wall 故宫the Palace Museum 颐和园 the Summer Palace
Dear Daniel,
How is everything going with you I'm glad to share with you something about my holiday.
Accompanied by my parents，I traveled to Beijing last month. It took us more than five hours to get to our destination by high-speed train. From all the must-go places of interest, we chose three.They are the Great Wall ,the Palace Museum ,and the Summer Palace. Not only did we climb the Great Wall,but we also visited the Palace Museum.On the Great Wall, I couldn't help admiring ancient Chinese people's wisdom and creativity. While in the museum,what I witnessed proved a feast for the eyes.Besides visiting tourist spots, we also ate some delicious local food, such as roast Beijing duck and noodles with soy bean paste.(豆瓣酱)
Would you like to share something interesting about your holiday with me in your next letter Looking forward to your reply.
Yours，
Li Hua
佳作背诵：(读后续写，遇险脱困模式）
1.救人有关的受伤症状描写：
Simmons was just sitting there unresponsive(坐在那里毫无反应). Apparently, she passed out(晕过去) owing to the huge impact force. （2021年山东新高考质量测评联盟）
Roy lay on the ground nearby moaning in pain(痛苦地呻吟). （2021届广州市高三年级阶段训练）
Ada saw that one of his legs was bent a little sideways (弯向一边) between the knee and the ankle. A broken(break) leg!（2021届广州市高三年级阶段训练）
痛苦的眼泪从Roy的脸颊流下来，Roy发出一阵痛苦的呻吟，额头上满是冷汗。（独立主格，with结构）（2021届广州市高三年级阶段训练）
Sorrowful tears rolling down Roy’s cheeks, Roy let out a sudden painful moan with cold sweats on his forehead.
From my shoulders down I hung in icy water(冰冷的水). （浙江省十校联盟考试续写2020.10）
His right leg was pushed under a stone. He looked weak and unconscious(虚弱无意识). （河北省衡水中学2021届全国高三英语第一次联合考试试题）
2.救人有关的感激的描写：
如果我没有得到急救，我就会死了。西蒙斯感激地对诺伍德说。（2021年山东新高考质量测评联盟）
“If I had not been given first aid, I would have dead.” Simmons said to Norwood gratefully. Simmons showed her gratitude to Norwood, saying “It was you who came to my aid and saved my life.” 西蒙斯对诺伍德表示了感谢，她说：“是你来帮助我，救了我一命。”（2021年山东新高考质量测评联盟）
“谢谢你进入我的世界，我会永远记住你为我所做的。” 西蒙斯对诺伍德说。（2021年山东新高考质量测评联盟）
“Thank you for entering my world and I will always remember what you have done for me.” Simmons whispered to Norwood.
3.救人类话题结尾的主题升华句
(1) 花点时间来学习急救和心肺复苏术。拯救了生命，而且很有效。（2021年山东新高考质量测评联盟）
Take some time to learn the knowledge of first aid. It saves lives, and it works.
(2) 这个故事表明，良好的急救知识真的可以起作用。（2021年山东新高考质量测评联盟）
The story shows that a good knowledge of first aid can make a real difference.
(3) 每个人都应该学点急救知识，因为在紧急情况下每一秒都很重要。（2021年山东新高考质量测评联盟）
Everyone should learn something about first aid, for every second will count in an emergency.
(4) 了解基础的急救知识有助于你对紧急情况作出迅速的反应。（2021年山东新高考质量测评联盟）
Knowing basic first-aid techniques will help you respond quickly to emergencies.
(5) 正如你想象的那样，如果及时急救，伤者就会得救。（2021年山东新高考质量测评联盟）
As you could imagine, if the first aid is given in time, the injured would be saved.
(6) 毫无疑问，诺伍德对急救的了解挽救了西蒙的生命。（2021年山东新高考质量测评联盟）
There is no doubt that Norwood’s knowledge of first aid saved Simmon’s life.
(7) 我们从这件事件中学到生命非常有价值，拯救的技能更有价值。（2021年山东新高考质量测评联盟） 来自私家英语资源库
We have learnt from the incident that life is valuable and the skill of saving is more valuable.
(8)因此，请为明天做好准备，学习更多的技能，因为我们永远不知道会发生什么。（2021年山东新高考质量测评联盟）
Therefore, please prepare for tomorrow well and learn more skills because we never know what will happen to us.
(9) 从这件事， Robert学习到什么是真正的勇气：永远不要害怕做好事，但会一直害怕做坏事。（山东省各地2019-2020学年高三英语试卷）
From this, Robert learned what true courage was: never be afraid to do good, but always fear to do evil.
(10) 带着自豪和自信的微笑，Norwood增强了她的决心去追求医学领域的职业。（2021年山东新高考质量测评联盟）
Brimming with pride and confidence, Norwood strengthened her determination to pursue a career in the medical field.