2023届高三英语二轮复习:名词性从句课件(38张ppt)-
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| 名称 | 2023届高三英语二轮复习:名词性从句课件(38张ppt)- |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2022-11-02 11:59:22 | ||
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(共38张PPT)
名词性从句
简单句基本句型
1.主语+不及物动词
The bus is coming.
2. 主语+及物动词+宾语
Mary likes English.
3. 主语+系动词+表语
Knowledge is power.
4. 主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语
Mary gives Lily an apple.
补充： We Chinese are peace-loving.
一，名词性从句的种类
名词性从句即由连接词引导、起名词作用的从句，包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
1.主语从句(在主句中作主语)
Who will win the game is not known.
2.宾语从句(在主句中作宾语)
Nobody knows who will win the game.
3.表语从句(在主句中作表语)
My question is who will win the game.
4.同位语从句(在主句中作同位语)
I have no idea who will win the game.
(二)名词性从句的连接词
连接词即引导名词性从句的关联词，包括从属连词、连接代词、连接副词。
从属连词:仅起连接作用，不作句子成分。
连接代词:可作主语、宾语、表语或定语。
连接副词:只作状语。
(二)名词性从句的连接词
名从的引导词
从属连词：that, if, whether, as if
连接代词：what, who, whom, whose, which，-ever
连接副词：when, where, why, how
1.从属连词:引导从句但不作任何成分。
(1)that-没有意义，引导主/宾/表/同位语从句。
① lt is said that there will be a party tonight.
② They say (that) there will be a party tonight.
③ The reason why he failed was that he made a vital mistake.
④ The key that he succeeded lied in his hard work.
小试牛刀
1. I hear ________ the teacher will come back from the UK soon.
A. which
B. that
C. when
D. whether
答案：B
1.连词:引导从句但不作任何成分。
(2)if-是否，引导宾语从句，主语从句。
whether-是否，引导主/宾/表/同位语从句。
① I doubt if/ whether you can pass the test.
② Whether we’ll go camping depends on the weather
③ My doubt is whether you can pass the test.
④ I have no idea whether you can pass the test.
1.连词:引导从句但不作任何成分。
(3)as if/ though-好像，似乎，引导表语从句。
because-因为，引导表语从句。
①The old lady looks as if she were a young girl.
②His failure was because he didn’t work hard enough.
小试牛刀
1. I am wondering ______ you can pick him up in the airport.
A. whether
B. that
C. what
D. which
2. He looks ______ he knew nothing about the news.
A. as if
B. like
C. what
D. that
答案：1. A 2. A
2.连接代词:引导从句并作从句的句子成分。
(1)who-谁(主格)，用于人，作主/宾/表语。
whom-谁(宾格)，用于人，仅作宾语。
① Who will do the job hasn’t been decided.(主语)
② Would you tell me who/whom you'll vote for (宾语)
③ Can you tell me who the pretty girl is (表语)
(2) whose-谁的，用于人，作表/定语。
① Please tell me whose the bike is.(表语)
② I don’t know whose bike it is.(定语)
2.连接代词:引导从句并作从句的句子成分。
小试牛刀
1. ______ is going to do the job will be decided by the Party committee.
A. That
B. Why
C. How
D. Who
答案：D
(3)which-哪个/些，用于人或物，作主/宾/表/定语
what-什么，用来指事物，作主/宾/表/定语。
① Please tell me what sport you like best.(定语)
② I wonder which of you can solve the problem.(主语)
③ I'd like to know what your father is.(表语)
2.连接代词:引导从句并作从句的句子成分。
小试牛刀
1. Dave lost his job, so _____ he did was to sell his flat for money.
A what B which
C where D how
2. _____ team will win the match is a matter of public concern.
A. Which B. That
C. If D. How
答案：1. A 2. A
(4) whoever 作主/宾/表语
whomever 仅作宾语
whichever作主/宾/表/定语
whatever 作主/宾/表/定语
Whatever he said was right..
I'll take whoever wants to go.
Whichever of you comes first will receive a prize.
You can give the ticket to whomever you like.
2.连接代词:引导从句并作从句的句子成分。
小试牛刀
1. _____ makes mistakes must correct them.
A. Whomever
B. Whoever
C. What
D. That
2. It is generally considered unwise to give a child _____ he or she wants.
A. however
B. whoever
C. whatever
D. whichever
答案：1. B 2. C
3.连接副词:引导从句并作从句的状语
when-表示时间 where-表示地点 why一表示原因 how-表示方式
① When we'll have a meeting is not decided.
② I don’t know where I can buy such a book.
③ Why he did it will remain a puzzle forever.
④ The question is how we should carry out the plan.
小试牛刀
1. That is _____ Mary once lived.
A. what
B. where
C. that
D. why
答案：B
一.主语从句
主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句，通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。
eg.
1. That we must master English words as many as possible is very important
2. lt was a pity that you failed in the exam.
用it 作形式主语的结构
(1) It+be+名词(短语) (a pity /a shame /a surprise / no wonder等)+ that从句
eg. lt is a pity that you have missed the wonderful lecture.
(2) lt+be+形容词 (necessary / natural / wonderful / likely / strange / important / certain等)+ that从句
eg.lt is wonderful that all of you have passed the difficult exam.
(3)lt+不及物动词+that从句
It seems that... 似乎...
It happened that... 碰巧...
It appears that... 似乎...
It occurred to me that... 我突然想起……
(4)It+be+过去分词+从句
It is reported / said / hoped / believed that...
It is suggested / required / requested / ordered / demanded that...
小试牛刀
It is quite natural _____ you want to meet your father.
A that
B whom
C what
D which
答案：A
主语从句中应注意的问题
1)主语从句在句首时，必须由连接词引导，不能省略这些连接词。
误:The college will get in more new students this year is ture.
正:That the college will get in more new students this year is ture.
2)如果主语从句放在句首，不能用if引导，但是如果用it做形式主语，而把主语从句放在句末时，也可以用if引导。
误:If Mary really heard him is really doubtful.
正:Whether Mary really heard him is really doubtful
正:It was doubtful if/whether Mary really heard him.
小试牛刀
1. ______ we’ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.
A. If
B. Whether
C. That
D. Where
2. I asked her _____ she had been to England.
A. who
B. what
C. if
D. how
答案：1. B 2. C
二.宾语从句
宾语从句就是在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句，通常放在主谓语动词(及物动词) 或介词之后。
1.作动词的宾语
(1) 作及物动词的宾语。
She did not know what had happened.
(2)动词+间接宾语+宾语从句。例如:
She told me that she would accept my invitation.
2.作介词的宾语
Our success depends upon how well we can cooperate with one another.
小试牛刀
Tom eagerly finished up _____ was left of the champagne and chicken pie.
A.what
B.where
C.whether
D.who
答案：A
宾语从句应注意的问题:
lf whether都能引导宾语从句，但在下面情况下，只能用whether，不能用if。
1.与or not连用。
I didn't know whether he had arrived in Beijing or not.
2.作介词宾语时。
I haven't settled the question of whether I’ll go back home.
3.后接动词不定式时。
I don’t know whether to go to the party
小试牛刀
1. My cousin hasn’t decided _____ to stay _____ go home.
A. if; and
B. whether; and
C. whether; or
D. if; or
2. All students want to know _______ they will pass the exam or not.
A. why
B. that
C. whether
D. which
答案：1. C 2. C
三. 表语从句
表语从句在复合句中作表语的名词性从句，放在系动词之后一般结构是“主语+连系动词+表语从句”。
可以接表语从句的系动词有be，look，remain，seem等。
另外，常用的还有the reason why ....is that... 和It is because .... ， That's why....等结构。
例如
1) This is why we can’t get the support of the people.
2) But the fact remains that we are behind the other classes.
3) The reason why he is late for school is that he missed the early bus.
小试牛刀
1. The city has changed a lot It is no longer _____ it was ten years ago.
A. when
B. what
C. why
D. that
2. The reason is ______ he is unable to operate the machine.
A. because
B. why
C. that
D. whether
答案：1. B 2. C
四.同位语从句
同位语从句就是在复合句中作名词的同位语的名词性从句。
1.同位语从句的功能
同位语从句对名词进一步解释，说明名词的具体内容。同位语从所解释说明的名词有advice、demand、doubt、fact、hope、idea、 information、message、news、order、problem、promise 、question、request、suggestion、truth、wish、word，thought等
I have no idea when he will come back home.
小试牛刀
1. The suggestion ______ students should learn some practical knowledge is worth considering.
A. if
B. which
C. 不填
D. that
答案：D
同位语从句
2.同位语在句子中的位置
同位语从句有时可以不紧跟在它所说明的名词后面，而是被别的词隔开。
例如:
He got the news from Mary that the sports meeting was put off.
Word came that our team won the game.
小试牛刀
The fact has worried many scientists ______ the earth is becoming warmer and warmer these years.
A. what
B. which
C. that
D. though
答案：C
注意：
名词性从句的语序。与别的从句一样，名词性从句必须用陈述语序。
例如:
Could you tell me _________ to fly from Xiamen to Beijing
A. it costs how much B. how much it costs
C. how much costs it D. how much does it cost
答案：B
Thank you!
名词性从句
简单句基本句型
1.主语+不及物动词
The bus is coming.
2. 主语+及物动词+宾语
Mary likes English.
3. 主语+系动词+表语
Knowledge is power.
4. 主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语
Mary gives Lily an apple.
补充： We Chinese are peace-loving.
一，名词性从句的种类
名词性从句即由连接词引导、起名词作用的从句，包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
1.主语从句(在主句中作主语)
Who will win the game is not known.
2.宾语从句(在主句中作宾语)
Nobody knows who will win the game.
3.表语从句(在主句中作表语)
My question is who will win the game.
4.同位语从句(在主句中作同位语)
I have no idea who will win the game.
(二)名词性从句的连接词
连接词即引导名词性从句的关联词，包括从属连词、连接代词、连接副词。
从属连词:仅起连接作用，不作句子成分。
连接代词:可作主语、宾语、表语或定语。
连接副词:只作状语。
(二)名词性从句的连接词
名从的引导词
从属连词：that, if, whether, as if
连接代词：what, who, whom, whose, which，-ever
连接副词：when, where, why, how
1.从属连词:引导从句但不作任何成分。
(1)that-没有意义，引导主/宾/表/同位语从句。
① lt is said that there will be a party tonight.
② They say (that) there will be a party tonight.
③ The reason why he failed was that he made a vital mistake.
④ The key that he succeeded lied in his hard work.
小试牛刀
1. I hear ________ the teacher will come back from the UK soon.
A. which
B. that
C. when
D. whether
答案：B
1.连词:引导从句但不作任何成分。
(2)if-是否，引导宾语从句，主语从句。
whether-是否，引导主/宾/表/同位语从句。
① I doubt if/ whether you can pass the test.
② Whether we’ll go camping depends on the weather
③ My doubt is whether you can pass the test.
④ I have no idea whether you can pass the test.
1.连词:引导从句但不作任何成分。
(3)as if/ though-好像，似乎，引导表语从句。
because-因为，引导表语从句。
①The old lady looks as if she were a young girl.
②His failure was because he didn’t work hard enough.
小试牛刀
1. I am wondering ______ you can pick him up in the airport.
A. whether
B. that
C. what
D. which
2. He looks ______ he knew nothing about the news.
A. as if
B. like
C. what
D. that
答案：1. A 2. A
2.连接代词:引导从句并作从句的句子成分。
(1)who-谁(主格)，用于人，作主/宾/表语。
whom-谁(宾格)，用于人，仅作宾语。
① Who will do the job hasn’t been decided.(主语)
② Would you tell me who/whom you'll vote for (宾语)
③ Can you tell me who the pretty girl is (表语)
(2) whose-谁的，用于人，作表/定语。
① Please tell me whose the bike is.(表语)
② I don’t know whose bike it is.(定语)
2.连接代词:引导从句并作从句的句子成分。
小试牛刀
1. ______ is going to do the job will be decided by the Party committee.
A. That
B. Why
C. How
D. Who
答案：D
(3)which-哪个/些，用于人或物，作主/宾/表/定语
what-什么，用来指事物，作主/宾/表/定语。
① Please tell me what sport you like best.(定语)
② I wonder which of you can solve the problem.(主语)
③ I'd like to know what your father is.(表语)
2.连接代词:引导从句并作从句的句子成分。
小试牛刀
1. Dave lost his job, so _____ he did was to sell his flat for money.
A what B which
C where D how
2. _____ team will win the match is a matter of public concern.
A. Which B. That
C. If D. How
答案：1. A 2. A
(4) whoever 作主/宾/表语
whomever 仅作宾语
whichever作主/宾/表/定语
whatever 作主/宾/表/定语
Whatever he said was right..
I'll take whoever wants to go.
Whichever of you comes first will receive a prize.
You can give the ticket to whomever you like.
2.连接代词:引导从句并作从句的句子成分。
小试牛刀
1. _____ makes mistakes must correct them.
A. Whomever
B. Whoever
C. What
D. That
2. It is generally considered unwise to give a child _____ he or she wants.
A. however
B. whoever
C. whatever
D. whichever
答案：1. B 2. C
3.连接副词:引导从句并作从句的状语
when-表示时间 where-表示地点 why一表示原因 how-表示方式
① When we'll have a meeting is not decided.
② I don’t know where I can buy such a book.
③ Why he did it will remain a puzzle forever.
④ The question is how we should carry out the plan.
小试牛刀
1. That is _____ Mary once lived.
A. what
B. where
C. that
D. why
答案：B
一.主语从句
主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句，通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。
eg.
1. That we must master English words as many as possible is very important
2. lt was a pity that you failed in the exam.
用it 作形式主语的结构
(1) It+be+名词(短语) (a pity /a shame /a surprise / no wonder等)+ that从句
eg. lt is a pity that you have missed the wonderful lecture.
(2) lt+be+形容词 (necessary / natural / wonderful / likely / strange / important / certain等)+ that从句
eg.lt is wonderful that all of you have passed the difficult exam.
(3)lt+不及物动词+that从句
It seems that... 似乎...
It happened that... 碰巧...
It appears that... 似乎...
It occurred to me that... 我突然想起……
(4)It+be+过去分词+从句
It is reported / said / hoped / believed that...
It is suggested / required / requested / ordered / demanded that...
小试牛刀
It is quite natural _____ you want to meet your father.
A that
B whom
C what
D which
答案：A
主语从句中应注意的问题
1)主语从句在句首时，必须由连接词引导，不能省略这些连接词。
误:The college will get in more new students this year is ture.
正:That the college will get in more new students this year is ture.
2)如果主语从句放在句首，不能用if引导，但是如果用it做形式主语，而把主语从句放在句末时，也可以用if引导。
误:If Mary really heard him is really doubtful.
正:Whether Mary really heard him is really doubtful
正:It was doubtful if/whether Mary really heard him.
小试牛刀
1. ______ we’ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.
A. If
B. Whether
C. That
D. Where
2. I asked her _____ she had been to England.
A. who
B. what
C. if
D. how
答案：1. B 2. C
二.宾语从句
宾语从句就是在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句，通常放在主谓语动词(及物动词) 或介词之后。
1.作动词的宾语
(1) 作及物动词的宾语。
She did not know what had happened.
(2)动词+间接宾语+宾语从句。例如:
She told me that she would accept my invitation.
2.作介词的宾语
Our success depends upon how well we can cooperate with one another.
小试牛刀
Tom eagerly finished up _____ was left of the champagne and chicken pie.
A.what
B.where
C.whether
D.who
答案：A
宾语从句应注意的问题:
lf whether都能引导宾语从句，但在下面情况下，只能用whether，不能用if。
1.与or not连用。
I didn't know whether he had arrived in Beijing or not.
2.作介词宾语时。
I haven't settled the question of whether I’ll go back home.
3.后接动词不定式时。
I don’t know whether to go to the party
小试牛刀
1. My cousin hasn’t decided _____ to stay _____ go home.
A. if; and
B. whether; and
C. whether; or
D. if; or
2. All students want to know _______ they will pass the exam or not.
A. why
B. that
C. whether
D. which
答案：1. C 2. C
三. 表语从句
表语从句在复合句中作表语的名词性从句，放在系动词之后一般结构是“主语+连系动词+表语从句”。
可以接表语从句的系动词有be，look，remain，seem等。
另外，常用的还有the reason why ....is that... 和It is because .... ， That's why....等结构。
例如
1) This is why we can’t get the support of the people.
2) But the fact remains that we are behind the other classes.
3) The reason why he is late for school is that he missed the early bus.
小试牛刀
1. The city has changed a lot It is no longer _____ it was ten years ago.
A. when
B. what
C. why
D. that
2. The reason is ______ he is unable to operate the machine.
A. because
B. why
C. that
D. whether
答案：1. B 2. C
四.同位语从句
同位语从句就是在复合句中作名词的同位语的名词性从句。
1.同位语从句的功能
同位语从句对名词进一步解释，说明名词的具体内容。同位语从所解释说明的名词有advice、demand、doubt、fact、hope、idea、 information、message、news、order、problem、promise 、question、request、suggestion、truth、wish、word，thought等
I have no idea when he will come back home.
小试牛刀
1. The suggestion ______ students should learn some practical knowledge is worth considering.
A. if
B. which
C. 不填
D. that
答案：D
同位语从句
2.同位语在句子中的位置
同位语从句有时可以不紧跟在它所说明的名词后面，而是被别的词隔开。
例如:
He got the news from Mary that the sports meeting was put off.
Word came that our team won the game.
小试牛刀
The fact has worried many scientists ______ the earth is becoming warmer and warmer these years.
A. what
B. which
C. that
D. though
答案：C
注意：
名词性从句的语序。与别的从句一样，名词性从句必须用陈述语序。
例如:
Could you tell me _________ to fly from Xiamen to Beijing
A. it costs how much B. how much it costs
C. how much costs it D. how much does it cost
答案：B
Thank you!