牛津译林版（2019）必修第二册 Unit 2 Be Sporty,Be Healthy Vocabulary 课件（38张PPT）

(共38张PPT)
M2 U2 Vocabulary I
1. congratulate vt.
我祝贺他们赢得了比赛。
I congratulated them all on their winning the match.
You can congratulate yourself on having done an excellent job.
你应该为自己出色的工作感到自豪/高兴。
He congratulated himself on having survived the air-crash.
他庆幸自己在空难中幸免于死。
congratulation un. the act of congratulating sb.
~s pl. the words that congratulate sb.
a letter of congratulation 贺信
offer/ send your congratulations to sb. (on sth.) （因为某事）向某人表示祝贺
Congratulations on your exam results! 祝贺你考出好成绩！
--- We're getting married!
--- Congratulations!
2. assume vt. （1） to think that sth. is true but without proof
假定、假设；以为、认为
sb. assume that…
It is assumed that… 人们认为
assume sb./sth. to be 以为某人/物是…
Let’s assume that everyone invited will come.
It is generally assumed that stress is one of the causes of depression.
I assumed him to be a native speaker of English.
Don’t always assume the worst!
（2）take on a certain form, attribute, or aspect
呈现（外观、样子），具有，显露（某种特质）
In times of the outbreak of COVID-19 epidemic, international cooperation assumes considerable importance.
In the story the god assumes the form of an eagle.
在这个故事中神以鹰的形象出现。
（3） to take or begin to have power or responsibility掌管，夺取；承担（责任）；就（职）
The Chinese enterprises will assume more social responsibilities.
assumption n. [C] 假定，假设
No one challenged the basic assumptions of the new theory.
assumed adj. 假装的，假定 an assumed name 一个假名字
[Phrases]
make an assumption 作出假设，假定
on the assumption that 假定…
assume office/power 就职，掌权
assume responsibility (for …) (为…)承担责任
assume a role (of…) 担任…职务
assume control of the city 控制…
assume a look of surprise/ an air of concern 装出吃惊的神色/关心的样子
assume / assuming (that) 假设/假如
Assume / Assuming that he is still alive, how old would he now
假定他还活着，他现在该多大年纪了？
3. tend v.vi.to be likely to do sth. or to happen in a particular way往往会;趋向tend to do…Women tend to live longer than men.His views tended towards the extreme.vt./vi.care for sb./sth.照料，照看tend (to) sb./sth.Doctors and nurses tended (to) the .tendencyIfsb/ sth has a particular tendency, they are likely to behave or act in a particular way 趋势，倾向；天分~ to/towards sth.have a tendency to do sth 有......的倾向, 往往，常常…
There is a tendency for sb/sth to do sth 某人倾向于做某事，某物有…的趋势
Jane很好，就是爱唠叨。
Jane is nice but she has a tendency to talk too much.
他天生很悲观。
He has a tendency towards pessimism.
There is a growing tendency for women to have children later in life.
越来越多的女性倾向于晚育。
tendency, trend
trend指事物发展总的方向、倾向或趋势，它指的是整个社会或者比较大群体的一种趋势或者潮流。
The current trend is towards informal/casual clothing.
目前的趋势是穿着比较随便。
tendency指固有或习得的倾向性，强调没有外来的影响或干扰，一般指的是个人有某种倾向性或者某种趋势。
He had a tendency to shrink up whenever attention was focused on him.
当别人注意他时，他就会退缩一旁。
4. immune adj. → un. immunity
This blood test will show whether or not you are immune to the disease.
这个血检会显示你是否对这种疾病具有免疫力。
The patient's immune system would reject the transplanted organ as a foreign object.
病人的免疫系统会对移植器官产生异质排斥反应。
You'll eventually become immune to criticism.
你终究会不在乎批评。（不受…的影响）
No one is immune from scandal.
谁都难免会有丑闻。（免除的，可免于的）
5. routine n.
1）[C/U] fixed and regular way of doing things惯例,常规,例行公事
She found it difficult to establish a new routine after retirement.
Make exercise a part of your daily routine.
do sth. as a matter of routine 按常规办事，定期…
We clean and repair the machines as a matter of routine.
2） [C]舞蹈等表演的成套动作
go through a dance routine 做一套舞蹈动作
3）[U] 生活乏味，无聊
She needed a break from routine.
她需要摆脱一下刻板的生活。
adj. usual, habitual, regular 常规的，例行的；boring 乏味的
the routine procedure/ enquiries/ check
例行手续/例行询问/常规检查
a routine job 平淡乏味的工作
Visitors are routinely checked as they enter the building.
来访者在进入大楼时要接受例行检查。
6. stretch v.
1）使变大 / 变松 make bigger/looser
This sweater has stretched.
这件毛衣给撑得变形了。
2）伸展，舒展身体 ；伸出，伸长（胳膊、腿）
He yawned and stretched.
他打了个呵欠，伸了伸懒腰。
I stopped at the square and got out to stretch my legs.
（久坐之后）活动活动腿脚
I stretched out a hand and picked up the book.
3）[ V + adv./prep. ] extend；to spread over an area of land （地域）延伸；绵延
Fields and hills stretched out as far as we could see.
放眼望去，田野山丘绵延不绝。
The procession stretched for several miles.
游行队伍长达数英里。
3）[ V + adv./prep. ] to continue over a period of time （时间）延续
The town's history stretches back to before 1500 AD.
该城的历史可以上溯到公元1500年以前。
a working day that stretches from nine in the morning to nine at night.
stretch cn. 肢体的伸展，伸展动作；一片地域/水域；一段时间
It's a very dangerous stretch of road.
这是一段非常危险的路。
a stretch of three weeks without rain
He was fluent in French, having spent stretches of time in Southern France.
他曾在法国南部呆过一段时间，法语流利。
Everyone would be working at full stretch.
每个人都将全力以赴/竭尽所能。
He stretched (himself) out on the sofa and fell asleep.
bend/stretch the rules 根据具体情况改变规则，破例，通融
躺下（通常为休息或睡觉）
7. range n.
①[C, usu S] the limits between which something varies范围，幅度
age/price/temperature range
It's difficult to find a house in our price range (= that we can afford).
within the range of…
out of/ beyond the range of…
②[C, usu S]a variety of things of a particular type 一系列
students from a wide range of backgrounds
③[C]山脉
Name one large mountain range in the United States.
说出美国其中一个大山脉。
vi. to vary between two particular amounts, sizes, etc（在一定范围内）变化
range from A to B
range between A and B
range in age/size/price etc.
The shoes range in price from $25 to $100.
There were 120 students whose ages ranged from 10 to 18.
The population of these cities ranges between 3 and 5 million.
The show had a massive audience, ranging from children to graduates.
[include a variety of different things or people in addition to those mentioned 包括（各种不同的人或物）
8. average adj./n
adj. 1) ordinary; not special 普通的，资历平平的
I’m just an average teacher.
2) calculated by adding several amounts together, finding a total, and dividing the total by the number of amounts. 平均的
What’s the average temperature of Yangzhou in autumn
n. 平均；平均数
Parents spend an average of $200 a year on toys.
父母平均每年为孩子花200美金买玩具。
on average 平均而言
above/ below average 高于/低于平均水平
vt. The rainfall averages 36 inches a year.
一年的降雨量平均为36英寸。
9. make up
to form sth. 组成，构成
Twelve doctors made up the medical team.
= The medical team was made up of twelve doctors. → consist of
2) to invent a story, excuse (etc) 编造
He made up some excuses for his absence from the meeting.
3) to take a percentage of 占据 (比例) → account for
Female workers make up 62% of the staff.
4) be on good terms again 和好 (…with) break up
Two weeks after their quarrel, they made up with each other.
5) to add sth. that lost or unfinished 补上
Can I leave early this afternoon and make up the time tomorrow
6) to put powder ect. on your face to make it more attractive 化妆
She takes over 30 minutes to make up daily.
She is always heavily made up.
10. lack
vt. To have none or not enough 缺乏, 缺少, 短缺, 不足
We never lack food and clothing if we're willing to work.
They met with many difficulties, for they lacked equipment.
vi. (for) 缺少，缺乏（常用于否定句）
She doesn’t lack for friends.
They are so rich that they lack for nothing.
n. (of) 缺乏
The project failed due to (a/the) lack of money.
adj. lacking
be lacking in 缺……
The only thing that is lacking is money.
This area is lacking in fresh water.
这个地方缺少淡水。
11. maintain
(1) v. 维持；保持 to make sth. continue at the same level, standard, etc. preserve
to maintain law and order/ standards/ a balance
维持治安；保持水平 / 平衡
to maintain prices (= prevent them falling or rising)
维持价格的稳定
The two countries have always maintained close relations.
这两个国家一直保持着密切关系。
(2) v. 维修；保养
to keep a building, a machine, etc. in good condition by checking or repairing it regularly
The house is large and difficult to maintain.
(3) v. 坚持（意见）；固执己见
to keep stating that sth is true, even though other people do not agree or do not believe it insist
The men maintained (that) they were out of the country when the
crime was committed.
这几个男人坚持说案发时他们在国外。
She has always maintained her innocence.
她一直坚持说她是无辜的。
11. maintain
(4) 供养
to support sb./sth. over a long period of time by giving money, paying for food, etc.
Her income was barely enough to maintain one child, let alone three.
她的收入养活一个孩子几乎都不够，更不用说三个了。
maintenance / meint n ns/
n.维护、保养；维持；(依法应负担的)生活费、抚养费
The window had been replaced last week during routine maintenance.
上周例行维修的时候换了窗户。
M2 U2 Words II
update / p de t/
vt. 1）使现代化，更新
It’s about time we updated our software.
2）向…提供最新消息，给….增加最新消息
I called the office to update them on the day's developments.
我给办公室打电话告诉他们当天最新的发展。
Our records are regularly updated.
我们的记录定期更新。
n. / pde t/ a news update 最新新闻报道
13. in response to 对…作出反应
The quick recovery was truly in response to medication.
这次迅速康复确实是对药物治疗的反应。
response n. 回答，答复，反应，响应
She has received a response from that college to her application.
她已经收到那所大学对她申请的答复。
She made no response to my letter.
她没有回复我的信。
14. champion 冠军；第一名；优胜者
cn. a person, team, etc. that has won a competition, especially in a sport
the world basketball champions
a champion boxer 获得冠军的拳击手
championship [ t mpi n p] n.锦标赛；冠军地位
win/hold the championship 获得/保持冠军地位
14. champion
v.
We have a responsibility to safeguard sustainable development, and to champion the restoration of human values.
我们有责任维护可持续发展，捍卫人文价值的重建。
n.
He was once known as a champion of social reform.
他曾经是社会改革的拥护者。
15. plus prep; conj
Two plus three makes/equals/is five.
2+3=5
They will pay about$ 673 million plus interest.
他们将支付约6.73亿美元再加上利息。
'B plus' is a better grade than 'B', but it is not as good as 'A'.
Experience of any career in sales is a big plus.
任何销售领域的工作经验都是一大优势。
minus
two minus one; give him a B minus; a minus figure/number
16. hesitate
If you have any questions, don't hesitate to ask.
有什么问题只管问。
The boy followed without hesitation.
男孩毫不犹豫地跟了上去。
After a long hesitation, he told the truth at last.
踌躇了半天，他终于直说了。
She is hesitant about signing the contract.
她对是否签这个合同还犹豫不决。
He finally accepted hesitantly.
他最终犹犹豫豫地接受了。
17. admit vt./vi.
承认；允许进入，接纳
admit (doing/having done) sth.
admit (to sb.) that-clause
admit sb. to/into
She admits being strict with her children.
I have to admit having learnt too much from him.
=I have to admit that I have learnt too much from him.
The prisoner admitted to the judge that he was guilty.
He admitted his guilt.
She devotes herself to study and was admitted to Harvard.
Two victims were admitted to the local hospital.
admission
1) the right to enter a place or to join an institution or organization 进入权
He gained admission into/to this university.
2) a statement in which ab admits that sth. is true, especially sth. wrong or bad 承认，招认
an admission of guilt/ failure
He is a thief by his own admission.
他自己供认是小偷。
3) the amount of money that you pay to go into a building or to an event 入场费，门票费
admission charges/ prices 入场费、票价
What’s the admission
18. inspire vt.
1.(motivate)鼓舞
inspire sb. to do sth.
inspire sb. to greater efforts
激励某人更加努力
2.(give rise to thought,feeling)使产生想法、感觉或情感
什么使你想到那个建议的？
What inspired you to suggest that
3.(arouse)激起
inspire hope/loyalty/enthusiasm in sb.
inspiration n.
1[U] (stimulus)灵感
draw inspiration from sth. 从…汲取灵感
a flash of inspiration 灵机一动，灵感的闪现
2.[c](inspiring person or thing)启发灵感的人或事物
她是我们所有人的灵魂。
She is an inspiration to us.
3.[c](sudden idea)（突然想到的）好主意，妙计
have a sudden inspiration
inspired adj.
1. filled with creative power 富有灵感的
an inspired guess
一个得自灵感的猜测
2. of extraordinary quality 品质卓越的
an inspired performance
3. (-inspired)(与名词、形容词以及副词构成形容词）受…影响的
politically-inspired killing
政治性的谋杀事件
inspiring adj.
making you feel strongly interested and enthusiastic (of a person, leadership, speech, vision) 鼓舞人心的，激励的，启发灵感的 inspirational
她是我曾见过的最能鼓舞人心的人之一。
She was one of the most inspiring people I've ever met.
It was not exactly our most inspiring performance of the season.
那并非我们本赛季最激动人心的表现。
19. no wonder
As you were absent-minded, it's no wonder that you know nothing about the speech.
你心不在焉的，难怪你对讲演一无所知。
20. satisfaction
satisfy
satisfied
satisfactory