外研版（2019）选择性必修第二册Unit 2 Improving yourself Section B Using Language学案（有答案）

Section B Using language
学习目标
掌握本节生词及语法。
词汇运用
1.messy
意思 ________ 词性 ________
相关词语积累：mess 肮脏，杂乱；麻烦，困境
make a mess of...弄乱……，把……弄糟
What a mess! 真乱啊！
(be)in a mess杂乱不堪，陷入困境
mess(sth.)up 把……弄糟，胡乱地做
练习：To the couple's great surprise, the house was ______ a mess as if broken into.
2.put off
意思 ________
put构成的其他短语：put up with忍受，容忍put on穿上，戴上；上演；抹，涂，擦put away将……收起来，攒钱put down写下，记下；镇压put out 熄灭，扑灭；出版；生产put through 给……接通（电话），完成put forward 提出，建议put up搭建，提升，张贴put back将……放回put in把……写进（信函、故事等），安装
练习：To make sure you get enough Vitamin D —but still protect your skin—______ sunscreen right as you head outside.
3. appropriate
意思 ________ 词性 ________
appropriate time/place合适的时间/地点
be appropriate for/to sth.适合……
It is appropriate to do sth.做某事很合适。
相关词语积累：
（1）appropriately ade.恰当地，合适地
（2）inappropriate adj.不适当的，不合适的
inappropriate behaviour/language不恰当的行为/语言
练习：Bad customs and laws ought to be abolished(废除), since they are_______(appropriate) for the development of society.
4. considerate
意思 ________ 词性 ________
be considerate of/tn/towards…对……体贴，为……着想
It is/was considerate of sb.to do sth.某人做某事很体贴。
归纳拓展相关词语积累：
（1）consider 仔细考虑，认为
consider doing sth.考虑做某事
consider sb./sth.as/to be...认为某人/某物……
（2）consideration 仔细考虑，体谅
take sth. into consideration 把……考虑在内
be under consideration在考虑中
（3）considering考虑到，鉴于
练习：Children must learn just a few basic things— being safe, being considerate ______ others and being responsible for themselves.
语法解析
过去完成时的被动语态
1.构成
（1）肯定结构：主语+had been done（+其他）
（2）否定结构：主语+hadn't been done（+其他）
2.用法
过去完成时的被动语态通常表示一个被动动作在过去某一时刻或某个动作之前已经发生或完成，主语是动作的承受者。具体使用场合：
（1）过去的两个动作发生的先后顺序能通过语境判断出来，先发生的被动动作用过去完成时表示。
（2）用于一些主从复合句或含特定时间状语的简单句中。
He told me that the tickets had already been sold out.他告诉我票已经卖完了。
The newspaper reported more than 100 people had been killed in the hurricane.报纸报道说有一百多人在飓风中丧生。
Though he had been told my telephone number many times, he still couldn't remember it.虽然已被告知我的电话号码很多次了，但他还是记不住。
Several months later, most of the buildings which had been damaged in the earthquake were repaired.几个月后，大多数在地震中损坏的建筑物都得到了修复。
200 cars had been produced by the end of last year.到去年年底，已经生产了200辆汽车。
The fire had been put out before the firefighters arrived. 消防队员到达之前，大火已经被扑灭了。
3.特殊句式
（1）用于It was the first/second/…time that+主语+had been done（+其他）句型中。
It was the first time that the meeting had been held in Zhengzhou.
（2）在虚拟条件句中，条件从句表示对过去的情况的假设时：if+主语+had been done(+其他）。
If I had been invited earlier, I would have gone there.如果早点儿邀请我的话，我就去那儿了。
练习：
用所给词的适当形式填空。
1. By the end of last year, 10,000 trees ______ (plant) in that village.
2. His village _______ (flood) in the heavy rain, so he moved.to his parents' house.
3. As was reported, many a military medical worker_________(send)to that area to fight the deadly epidemic(流行病).
4. By the end of last year another new gymnasium ______ (complete) in Beijing.
5. The twins whose homework ______ (finish) were allowed to play badminton outside.
答案：
词汇运用：1.in 2.put on 3.inappropriate 4.of/ to/ towards
语法解析：1.had been planted 2.had been flooded 3.had been sent 4.had been completed 5.had been finished
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