2023中考话题课堂手册Topic 1 Personal Background第三课时（教师版+学生版）

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2023中考话题课堂手册Topic 1 Personal Background第三课时（学生版）
考点一 辨析 be good at，be good for，be good to与be good with
【考点点拨】
词组 意义及用法 例句
be good at 意为“撞长于；在某方面做得好”，at为介词，后接名词、代词或动名词，相当于do well in，反义词组为be weak in/be poor at I'm good at playing chess.=I'm good at chess. 我擅长于下象棋。
be good for 意为“对……有益”，for为介词，后接名词或代词，反义词组为be bad for Eating vegetables is good for your health.吃蔬菜对你的健康有好处。
be good to 意为“对……友好”，相当于be kind to/be friendly to My friend was good to me when I was ill.当我生病d我的朋友对我关怀备至。
be good with 意为“和……相处得好：善于应付……”，后常接人 He is very good with the children.他与这些孩子处得很好。
【考点连线】
1.【2022四川省遂宁】3. —The art festival is coming. It’s a good chance to show ourselves.
—You are very good at ________. And you will be the most popular star.
A. singing B. sing C. to sing D. sang
2.【2020湖北襄阳】30. —Let’s divide the rubbish into different kinds before throwing it away.
—OK. It’s us to use some of it again.
A. thankful to B. good for C. similar to D. painful for
3.【2020 山东滨州市】—I think washing hands every day is good________ our health.
—Yes, I agree ________you!
A. to; to B. with ;to C. for; with D. at; with
4.【2020湖北省咸宁】2.—I want to watch TV the whole day after the long journey.
—You shouldn’t watch TV too much. It’s bad _________ your eyes.
A. on B. in C. for D. with
考点二 辨析talk, say, speak 与 tell
【考点点拨】
词汇 词性及含义 国定搭配
say say 作为及物动词时，后跟宾语，侧重于说的 内容；也可以用作不及物动词， 常用 say to sb. (对某 人说) say thanks/sorry/goodbye to sb.向某人说感谢/道歉/再见
speak speak 主要强调说话的能力、方式和对象，作及 物动词时，后跟表示语言的宾语；作不及物动词时， 常用 speak to sb.(与某人说话)speak English讲英语speak highly of sb.高度赞扬某人
talk talk 是不及物动词， 常用 talk to … with sb.(跟某人谈话)。talk about谈论某事talk of 谈到；说到
tell tell 意为告诉，只用作及物动词，后可跟双宾 语或动词不定式作宾语补足语。 常用tell sb. sth.或 tell sth. to sb.告诉某人某事及 tell sb. (not) to do sth.告诉某人（不要）做某事
【考点连线】
1.I am sure that he is________ a lie.
A. saying B. talking C. speaking D. telling
2. --What should I do first
--- The instructions ____ that you should mix flour with water carefully first.
A. go B. tell C. write D. say
考点 三辨析both, all, neither与none
【考点点拨】
考点 意义及用法 例句
both 意为“两者都”，表达肯定意思 Both of the twin sisters are good at dancing.这对双胞胎姐妹都擅长跳舞。
all 意为“全部”，用于表示“三者及三者以上全部”，表达肯定意思 All the people applaud for him.所有的人都为他鼓掌。
neither 意为“两者都不”，为both的否定形式，表达否定意思 The old man has two sons, but neither of them lives at home.老人有两个几子，但是没有一个住在家里。
none 意为“一个也没有”，为all的否定形式，用于表示“三者及三者以上都不”，表达否定意思 There are so many people here, but I'm familiarwith none of them.这儿有这么多人，但是我一个也不熟悉。
【考点连线】
1.【2022湖北武汉】9. —To go abroad or not to go after graduation, it’s a question.
—You may take ________ of the roads. But being home in the end matters.
A. neither B. either C. both D. none
2.【2022黑龙江龙东地区】3. —How can we go to the library this Sunday, by bike or on foot
—________ is OK. It’s up to you.
A. Either B. Neither C. Both
3.【2022四川省遂宁】5. —I’d like to order something to drink. What would you like, coffee or cola
—________. Milk is OK.
A. Both B. Neither C. All D. Either
4.【2022广西省梧州】4.—Which club have you joined, the art club or the football club
—________. I joined the basketball club.
A. Both B. None C. Either D. Neither
5.【2021年武汉市】8. — There are mainly six kinds of tea in China. Which is your favorite
— Green tea, I guess. I’ve tried black tea, green tea and so on, and ________ of them have their special tastes.
A. all B. both C. none D. neither
6.【2021江苏扬州市】2. —Which colour do you like, red or blue
— ________. I like green.
A. Either B. Both C. Neither D. None
7.【2021山东东营市】7. —Four children were walking under a small umbrella. ________of them got wet. Can you guess why
—Because it was not raining!
A. All B. None C. Most D. Some
8.【2021年江苏省淮安市】4. Both Sandy and Millie ________ interested in cooking. They often learn to cook at weekends.
A. am B. is C. are D. be
9.【2020甘肃兰州】________ his parents work as doctors in the First Hospital of Lanzhou.
A．Both B．All C．Either D．Neither
10.【2021年甘肃天水】15. We got so wet. We had ________ umbrellas ________ raincoats with us!
A. either; or B. both; and C. neither; nor D. not only; but also
考点四 expect，wish，hope，与look forward to辨析
【考点点拨】
词（组） 含义及用法
expect 意为预料，期待，认为某事会发生。常见配:①epect(b.)to do sth,期望（某人）②expect+that从句期望……
wish 意为“希望”，后接从句时，从句常用虚侧重于不太可能实现的愿望。常见配:①wish sb.sth.祝愿某人……②wsh(sb.)to do sth.希望（某人）③wish+从句希望…
hope 意为“希望”，更多地表达一种情感。常见搭配：①hope to do sth.希望做某事②hope+that从句希望…③I hope so.希望如此。
look forward to 意为“盼望，期待”，常用于表示期望或向往某物或做某事。常见搭配：look forward to sth./doing sth.期待某物/做某事
【考点连线】
1.【2022云南昆明】12. Boys and girls, good luck and wish you ________ good grades on your new journey!
A. cutting B. to cut C. getting D. to get
2.【2022黑龙江省哈尔滨】13. —I often watch talk shows on TV.
—I enjoy watching the news. I hope ________ what’s going on around the world.
A. find out B. to find out C. finding out
3.【2022四川广元】4. The Great Wall is so famous that a large number of travellers wish ______ it.
A. visit B. visiting C. to visit D. visited
4. 【2022海南省】17. —It’s said that the Shenzhou-14 astronauts will say hello to us on Mid-Autumn Day.
—Wonderful! I’m ________ it.
A. getting along with B. staying away from C. looking forward to
5.【2021年江苏无锡市】13. —I don’t like the sleeping bag, Dad.
—What do you ________, Bob It’s a camp, not a hotel.
A. suggest B. imagine C. expect D. wish
6.【2020湖南岳阳】7.I haven’t seen my best friend Lucy for 2 months. I’m looking forward to______________ a video call with her.
A. have B. having C. has
考点五 happen与take place辨析
【考点点拨】
词（组） 用法 共同点
happen 指偶然、没有预料地“发生”。happen to do sth,意为“碰巧做某事”。sth, happen to sb./sth,意为“某人或某物发生什么事情了”。 ①二者均有“发生”之意，都是不及物动词（短语）不能用被语态。
②二者都是非延续性（瞬间）动词(短语)，不能与表示时间段的时间状语连用。
take place 指必然性事件的发生或有计划、有组织地在安排之内“举行”。
【考点连线】
1.【2021山东菏泽市】8. —It is reported that the First Flight Ceremony of Heze Mudan Airport was held on April 2nd, 2021.
—Yes. Great changes ________ in my hometown since I left home.
A. have taken place B. were taken place C. took place
2.【2022辽宁省锦州市九年级阶段测试】3. —The 20th World Cup ________ in Brazil, right
—Yes. It ________ this summer.
A. held; took place B. was held; was taken place C. held; was taken place D. was held; took place
考点六 famous的用法
【考点点拨】
词组 含义及用法
Be famous for “因…而出名、后接出名的原因、与be known for同义。
be famous as “作为…而闻名”，后接表示职业、身份或地位的词、与be known as同义。
be famous to “为…所熟知”，后接人，与be known to同义。
【考点连线】
1.【2022黑龙江省哈尔滨】10. Harbin is famous ________ ice and snow. It’s well worth visiting in winter.
A. as B. for C. to
2.【2021年贵州安顺市】9. Guizhou is________ Huangguoshu Waterfall and Moutai in the world.
A. famous for B. popular with C. regarded as
3.【2020福建泉州】2.Stephen Hawking was famous ________ a scientist. He made a great contribution to the world, and he passed away in 2018.
A. by B. for C. as
考点七 定语从句that，who，whom和whose引导
关系词 成分 所指 例句
who 主语 指人 She likes musicians who play different kinds of music.她喜欢那些能够演奏不同种类乐曲的音乐家。
whom 宾语 指人
which 主语宾语 指物 The cake which is on the table is yours. 桌上的蛋糕是你的。
that 主语宾语 可指人或物 The bag that lies on the ground is hers.地上的那个包是她的。(关系代词that修饰 bag的定语从句中充当主语) The old man that I visited yesterday is my teacher.我昨天拜访的那个老人是我的老师。(关系代词 that在修饰man的定语从句中充当宾语)
whose 定语 可指人或物 There are some students whose questions I can't answer. 有些学生提出的问题我回答不了。Jane has a sister whose name is Mary.简有一个叫玛丽的妹妹。
【考点连线】
1.【2022广西省玉林】3. —Volunteering is a meaningful activity.
—I agree. We should express thanks to the people ________ do volunteer jobs.　　
A. whom B. what C. who D. which
2.【2022贵州省铜仁】14．—Is the woman ______ walked past just now your teacher
—Yes, she teaches ______ English and we all love her very much.
A．which; our B．who; us C．which; us D．that; our
3.【2022四川达州】13. —Do you like the movie ________ is called The Battle at Lake Changjin
—Sure. I think no movie is ________ than it.
A. that; more touching B. what; less touching
C. that; more touched D. which; less touched
4.【2022四川成都】6. Rome is an ancient city _______ is full of places of interest.
A. where B. which C. who
5. 【2022四川乐山】13．— What kind of books do you like best
— I like books ________ are about science and technology.
A．who B．whom C．which
6.【2022辽宁省朝阳】8. —What kind of movies do you like
—I prefer movies _________ me something to think about.
A. whom give B. who gives C. which give D. that gives
7. 【2022黑龙江龙东地区】18. We should remember those ________ lost their lives for our country.
A. who B. whom C. which
8. 【2022黑龙江省牡丹江】14．— Jeff, what are you watching
— A short video about Zhang Guimei ________ stories move me deeply.
A．who B．whom C．whose
9.【2022辽宁省营口】19. He _______ does not reach the Great Wall is not a true man.
A. whom B. / C. which D. who
10.【2021年青海省西宁市】6. —I have read books ________ were written by Charles Dickens.
—So do I. David Copperfield is my favorite.
A. how B. who C. what D. that
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2023中考话题课堂手册Topic 1 Personal Background第三课时（教师版）
考点一 辨析 be good at，be good for，be good to与be good with
【考点点拨】
词组 意义及用法 例句
be good at 意为“撞长于；在某方面做得好”，at为介词，后接名词、代词或动名词，相当于do well in，反义词组为be weak in/be poor at I'm good at playing chess.=I'm good at chess. 我擅长于下象棋。
be good for 意为“对……有益”，for为介词，后接名词或代词，反义词组为be bad for Eating vegetables is good for your health.吃蔬菜对你的健康有好处。
be good to 意为“对……友好”，相当于be kind to/be friendly to My friend was good to me when I was ill.当我生病d我的朋友对我关怀备至。
be good with 意为“和……相处得好：善于应付……”，后常接人 He is very good with the children.他与这些孩子处得很好。
【考点连线】
1.【2022四川省遂宁】3. —The art festival is coming. It’s a good chance to show ourselves.
—You are very good at ________. And you will be the most popular star.
A. singing B. sing C. to sing D. sang
【答案】A
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：——艺术节要来了。这是一个展示自己的好机会。——你很会唱歌。 你将成为最受欢迎的明星。be good at doing sth.“擅长做某事”，动名词作宾语。故选A。
2.【2020湖北襄阳】30. —Let’s divide the rubbish into different kinds before throwing it away.
—OK. It’s us to use some of it again.
A. thankful to B. good for C. similar to D. painful for
【答案】B
【解析】考查形容词短语辨析。A. thankful to 感谢; B. good for对...有好处; C...相似;D.痛苦。依据第一句“让我们在丢垃圾之前，把垃圾分类”可知，这是对我们有好处。故选B项。
3.【2020 山东滨州市】—I think washing hands every day is good________ our health.
—Yes, I agree ________you!
A. to; to B. with ;to C. for; with D. at; with
【答案】C
【解析】考查介词辨析。句意：——我认为每天洗手有利于我们的健康。——是的，我同意你的观点。be good to对……好；be good with与……相处得好；be good for有利于；be good at擅长；agree to+表示计划，建议的名词，意为同意；agree with sb同意某人的观点。根据空一后的our health可知，此处表示有利于健康，故用be good for；第二空后宾语you表示人，表示同意你的观点，所以用短语agree with。故选C。
4.【2020湖北省咸宁】2.—I want to watch TV the whole day after the long journey.
—You shouldn’t watch TV too much. It’s bad _________ your eyes.
A. on B. in C. for D. with
【答案】C
【解析】考查介词辨析。句意：——长途旅行后我想看一整天的电视。——你不应该看电视太多。它对你的眼睛有害。be bad for有害于，固定短语；根据You shouldn’t watch TV too much.可知看电视太多对眼睛有害，故选C。
考点二 辨析talk, say, speak 与 tell
【考点点拨】
词汇 词性及含义 国定搭配
say say 作为及物动词时，后跟宾语，侧重于说的 内容；也可以用作不及物动词， 常用 say to sb. (对某 人说) say thanks/sorry/goodbye to sb.向某人说感谢/道歉/再见
speak speak 主要强调说话的能力、方式和对象，作及 物动词时，后跟表示语言的宾语；作不及物动词时， 常用 speak to sb.(与某人说话)speak English讲英语speak highly of sb.高度赞扬某人
talk talk 是不及物动词， 常用 talk to … with sb.(跟某人谈话)。talk about谈论某事talk of 谈到；说到
tell tell 意为告诉，只用作及物动词，后可跟双宾 语或动词不定式作宾语补足语。 常用tell sb. sth.或 tell sth. to sb.告诉某人某事及 tell sb. (not) to do sth.告诉某人（不要）做某事
【考点连线】
1.I am sure that he is________ a lie.
A. saying B. talking C. speaking D. telling
【答案】D
【解析】考查四个“说”动词的区别say强调说话的内容；talk为不及物动词，意为“交谈”；speak后接某种语言时为及物动词，作“说话，发言”讲时为不及物动词；tell为及物动词，当“告诉，讲，说” 等，经常和story，lie等连用，构成“讲故事”、“说谎”等短语，故选D。
2. --What should I do first
--- The instructions ____ that you should mix flour with water carefully first.
A. go B. tell C. write D. say
【答案】D
【解析】考查动词辨析。回答句主语是instructions(说明书)，go是“走”的意思，显然不符合题意；tell后面一般跟人tell sb．sth．;write是“写”的意思，和主语不符；say有“显示”的意思，表示提供一种信息。
考点 三辨析both, all, neither与none
【考点点拨】
考点 意义及用法 例句
both 意为“两者都”，表达肯定意思 Both of the twin sisters are good at dancing.这对双胞胎姐妹都擅长跳舞。
all 意为“全部”，用于表示“三者及三者以上全部”，表达肯定意思 All the people applaud for him.所有的人都为他鼓掌。
neither 意为“两者都不”，为both的否定形式，表达否定意思 The old man has two sons, but neither of them lives at home.老人有两个几子，但是没有一个住在家里。
none 意为“一个也没有”，为all的否定形式，用于表示“三者及三者以上都不”，表达否定意思 There are so many people here, but I'm familiarwith none of them.这儿有这么多人，但是我一个也不熟悉。
【考点连线】
1.【2022湖北武汉】9. —To go abroad or not to go after graduation, it’s a question.
—You may take ________ of the roads. But being home in the end matters.
A. neither B. either C. both D. none
【答案】B
【解析】考查代词辨析。句意：——毕业后出国还是不出国，这是个问题。——你可以走这两条路中的任何一条。但最终能回家还是很重要的。neither两者都不；either两者中的任何一个；both两者都；none三者或三者以上都不。根据“But being home in the end matters.”可知，此处是指走哪条路都可以，用either表示“两者中的任何一个”。故选B。
2.【2022黑龙江龙东地区】3. —How can we go to the library this Sunday, by bike or on foot
—________ is OK. It’s up to you.
A. Either B. Neither C. Both
【答案】A
【解析】考查代词辨析。句意：——这个星期天我们怎么去图书馆，骑自行车还是步行？——都行。你决定。Either二者之一；Neither两者都不；Both两者都。根据“It’s up to you.”可知，后者认为两者都可以，任选其一，故选A。
3.【2022四川省遂宁】5. —I’d like to order something to drink. What would you like, coffee or cola
—________. Milk is OK.
A. Both B. Neither C. All D. Either
【答案】B
【解析】考查代词辨析。句意：——我想点些喝的。你想喝什么，咖啡还是可乐？——都不要。牛奶就可以。both都，范围为两者；neither都不，范围为两者；all都，范围为三者或三者以上；either任何一个，范围为两者。根据“What would you like, coffee or cola”及“Milk is OK”可知，咖啡和可乐都不要，故选B。
4.【2022广西省梧州】4.—Which club have you joined, the art club or the football club
—________. I joined the basketball club.
A. Both B. None C. Either D. Neither
【答案】D
【解析】考查不定代词辨析。句意：——你参加了哪个俱乐部，艺术俱乐部还是足球俱乐部？——两个俱乐部都没参加。我加入了篮球俱乐部。both两者都是；none三者或三者以上都不；either两者中的任何一个；neither两者都不。根据“Which club have you joined, the art club or the football club ”可知询问的是你参加了两个俱乐部中的哪一个。根据答句“I joined the basketball club.”可知加入的是篮球俱乐部，说明艺术俱乐部和足球俱乐部，两个俱乐部都没参加。因此要用neither。故选D。
5.【2021年武汉市】8. — There are mainly six kinds of tea in China. Which is your favorite
— Green tea, I guess. I’ve tried black tea, green tea and so on, and ________ of them have their special tastes.
A. all B. both C. none D. neither
【答案】A
【解析】考查代词辨析。句意：——中国主要有六种茶。你最喜欢哪一个？——我想是绿茶。我试过红茶、绿茶等等，它们都有自己的独特口味。all都（三者或三者以上）；both都（两者）；none都不（三者或三者以上）；neither都不（两者）。根据“black tea, green tea and so on”可知，指三者以上的，排除B和D选项。此处是评价尝过的茶叶都有自己独特的味道，故选A。
6.【2021江苏扬州市】2. —Which colour do you like, red or blue
— ________. I like green.
A. Either B. Both C. Neither D. None
【答案】C
【解析】考查代词辨析。句意：——你喜欢什么颜色，红色还是蓝色？——都不喜欢。我喜欢绿色。Either两者中任何一个；Both两者都；Neither两者都不；None三者或三者以上都不。根据选项“red or blue”和空后“I like green.”可知，空处应是表示“两者都不”。故选C。
7.【2021山东东营市】7. —Four children were walking under a small umbrella. ________of them got wet. Can you guess why
—Because it was not raining!
A. All B. None C. Most D. Some
【答案】B
【解析】考查代词辨析。句意：——四个孩子在一把小伞下走着。他们都没有淋湿。你能猜到原因吗？——因为没有下雨！All都；None一个也没有；Most大部分；Some一些。根据“of them got wet”及“Because it was not raining”可知，因为没有下雨，所以这四个人都没有被淋湿，故选B。
8.【2021年江苏省淮安市】4. Both Sandy and Millie ________ interested in cooking. They often learn to cook at weekends.
A. am B. is C. are D. be
【答案】C
【解析】考查主谓一致。句意：Sandy和Millie都对烹饪感兴趣。他们经常在周末学习做饭。both…and连接并列主语时，谓语动词用复数形式，be interested in doing sth“对做某事感兴趣”，此空应填be的复数形式are，故选C。
9.【2020甘肃兰州】________ his parents work as doctors in the First Hospital of Lanzhou.
A．Both B．All C．Either D．Neither
【答案】A
【解析】Both指两者都，属于复数。all指三者或三者以上都。Either指两者中任意一个，
属于单数。Neither指两者中任意一个不。父母两个人都做医生，句中的谓语动词是
work，所以主语是复数。
10.【2021年甘肃天水】15. We got so wet. We had ________ umbrellas ________ raincoats with us!
A. either; or B. both; and C. neither; nor D. not only; but also
【答案】C
【解析】考查连词。句意：我们都湿透了。我们既没有雨伞也没有雨衣！either...or或者……或者……；both...and两者都；neither...nor既不……也不……；not only...but also不但……而且……；根据“We got so wet.”可知，说明既没有雨伞也没有雨衣，表达的是两者都不，应用neither...nor，故选C。
考点四 expect，wish，hope，与look forward to辨析
【考点点拨】
词（组） 含义及用法
expect 意为预料，期待，认为某事会发生。常见配:①epect(b.)to do sth,期望（某人）②expect+that从句期望……
wish 意为“希望”，后接从句时，从句常用虚侧重于不太可能实现的愿望。常见配:①wish sb.sth.祝愿某人……②wsh(sb.)to do sth.希望（某人）③wish+从句希望…
hope 意为“希望”，更多地表达一种情感。常见搭配：①hope to do sth.希望做某事②hope+that从句希望…③I hope so.希望如此。
look forward to 意为“盼望，期待”，常用于表示期望或向往某物或做某事。常见搭配：look forward to sth./doing sth.期待某物/做某事
【考点连线】
1.【2022云南昆明】12. Boys and girls, good luck and wish you ________ good grades on your new journey!
A. cutting B. to cut C. getting D. to get
【答案】D
【解析】考查非谓语。句意：男孩女孩们，祝你们好运，在新的征程上取得好成绩!wish sb. to do sth.“希望某人做某事”，是固定短语，用不定式作宾补，故选D。
2.【2022黑龙江省哈尔滨】13. —I often watch talk shows on TV.
—I enjoy watching the news. I hope ________ what’s going on around the world.
A. find out B. to find out C. finding out
【答案】B
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：——我经常看电视上的脱口秀。——我喜欢看新闻。我希望了解世界各地发生了什么。固定短语hope to do sth“希望做某事”，故选B。
3.【2022四川广元】4. The Great Wall is so famous that a large number of travellers wish ______ it.
A. visit B. visiting C. to visit D. visited
【答案】C
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：长城非常有名，许多旅行者都想去参观。固定短语wish to do sth“希望做某事”，故选C。
4. 【2022海南省】17. —It’s said that the Shenzhou-14 astronauts will say hello to us on Mid-Autumn Day.
—Wonderful! I’m ________ it.
A. getting along with B. staying away from C. looking forward to
【答案】C
【解析】考查动词短语。句意：——据说神舟14号宇航员将在中秋节向我们问好。——太好了！我很期待。getting along with和……相处得很好；staying away from与……保持距离；looking forward to期待做……。根据“Wonderful!”可知，说话人很期待对方说的事。故选C。
5.【2021年江苏无锡市】13. —I don’t like the sleeping bag, Dad.
—What do you ________, Bob It’s a camp, not a hotel.
A. suggest B. imagine C. expect D. wish
【答案】C
【解析】考查动词辨析。句意：——我不喜欢睡袋，爸爸。——你想怎么样，鲍勃？这是营地，不是旅馆。suggest建议；imagine检查；expect期望；wish祝福；根据语境及“It’s a camp, not a hotel.”可知，此处指的是“你想怎么样”，应用expect，故选C。
6.【2020湖南岳阳】7.I haven’t seen my best friend Lucy for 2 months. I’m looking forward to______________ a video call with her.
A. have B. having C. has
【答案】B
【解析】考查动名词。句意：我有两个月没有看到我最好的朋友露西了。我盼望着和她视频聊天。表示“期盼着做某事”用动词短语look forward to doing。此处用having做宾语。故选B。
考点五 happen与take place辨析
【考点点拨】
词（组） 用法 共同点
happen 指偶然、没有预料地“发生”。happen to do sth,意为“碰巧做某事”。sth, happen to sb./sth,意为“某人或某物发生什么事情了”。 ①二者均有“发生”之意，都是不及物动词（短语）不能用被语态。
②二者都是非延续性（瞬间）动词(短语)，不能与表示时间段的时间状语连用。
take place 指必然性事件的发生或有计划、有组织地在安排之内“举行”。
【考点连线】
1.【2021山东菏泽市】8. —It is reported that the First Flight Ceremony of Heze Mudan Airport was held on April 2nd, 2021.
—Yes. Great changes ________ in my hometown since I left home.
A. have taken place B. were taken place C. took place
【答案】A
【解析】考查动词时态。句意：——据报道，菏泽牡丹机场于2021年4月2日举行首飞仪式。——是的。自从我离开家以来，我的家乡发生了巨大的变化。根据“since I left home”可知，此处是“现在完成时+since+一般过去时”结构，应使用现在完成时，故选A。
2.【2022辽宁省锦州市九年级阶段测试】3. —The 20th World Cup ________ in Brazil, right
—Yes. It ________ this summer.
A. held; took place B. was held; was taken place C. held; was taken place D. was held; took place
【答案】D
【解析】考查动词的语态辨析。句意：——第二十届世界杯在巴西举办的，对吗？——是的，是今年夏天举行的。主语the world cup是谓语动词hold的承受者，用被动语态，表示今年夏天发生的过去动作，用一般过去时的被动语态，排除A/C选项；take place相当于一个不及物动词，没有被动语态，故选D。
考点六 famous的用法
【考点点拨】
词组 含义及用法
Be famous for “因…而出名、后接出名的原因、与be known for同义。
be famous as “作为…而闻名”，后接表示职业、身份或地位的词、与be known as同义。
be famous to “为…所熟知”，后接人，与be known to同义。
【考点连线】
1.【2022黑龙江省哈尔滨】10. Harbin is famous ________ ice and snow. It’s well worth visiting in winter.
A. as B. for C. to
【答案】B
【解析】考查介词辨析。句意：哈尔滨以冰雪闻名。它很值得在冬天参观。as作为；for为了；to到。根据“Harbin is famous...ice and snow.”可知，此处是指哈尔滨以冰雪出名，固定短语be famous for“因……而出名”。故选B。
2.【2021年贵州安顺市】9. Guizhou is________ Huangguoshu Waterfall and Moutai in the world.
A. famous for B. popular with C. regarded as
【答案】A
【解析】句意：贵州以黄果树瀑布和茅台闻名于世。考查形容词短语。be famous for以……而著名；be popular with受……欢迎；be regarded as被当作是；根据“Guizhou”以及“Huangguoshu Waterfall and Moutai”可知，此处是表达的是“以……而著名”，故选A。
3.【2020福建泉州】2.Stephen Hawking was famous ________ a scientist. He made a great contribution to the world, and he passed away in 2018.
A. by B. for C. as
【答案】C
【解析】考查介词。句意：史蒂芬·霍金作为一位科学家而闻名于世，他为世界做出了巨大的贡献，他于2018年去世。by通过；for为了；as作为；根据句意理解可知，这里表达的是“以……【身份/职业】著名”，be famous for表达的是“因……【事物】著名”，表示由于某种特征而出名，而a scientist是“科学家”，是一种身份职业，所以这里应该用be famous as，故选C。
考点七 定语从句that，who，whom和whose引导
关系词 成分 所指 例句
who 主语 指人 She likes musicians who play different kinds of music.她喜欢那些能够演奏不同种类乐曲的音乐家。
whom 宾语 指人
which 主语宾语 指物 The cake which is on the table is yours. 桌上的蛋糕是你的。
that 主语宾语 可指人或物 The bag that lies on the ground is hers.地上的那个包是她的。(关系代词that修饰 bag的定语从句中充当主语) The old man that I visited yesterday is my teacher.我昨天拜访的那个老人是我的老师。(关系代词 that在修饰man的定语从句中充当宾语)
whose 定语 可指人或物 There are some students whose questions I can't answer. 有些学生提出的问题我回答不了。Jane has a sister whose name is Mary.简有一个叫玛丽的妹妹。
【考点连线】
1.【2022广西省玉林】3. —Volunteering is a meaningful activity.
—I agree. We should express thanks to the people ________ do volunteer jobs.　　
A. whom B. what C. who D. which
【答案】C
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：——做志愿者是一个有意义的活动。——我同意。我们应该感谢那些做志愿者工作的人。此句是定语从句，先行词people是指人，在从句中作主语，用who引导定语从句，故选C。
2.【2022贵州省铜仁】14．—Is the woman ______ walked past just now your teacher
—Yes, she teaches ______ English and we all love her very much.
A．which; our B．who; us C．which; us D．that; our
【答案】B
【解析】考查定语从句以及代词辨析。句意：——刚才走过的那个女人是你的老师吗？——是的，她教我们英语，我们都非常喜欢她。第一空所在句子是定语从句，先行词woman是指人，在从句中作主语，应用who或that引导定语从句，排除A和C选项。us我们，人称代词宾格；our我们的，形容词性物主代词。第二空位于动词teach后，应填人称代词宾格作宾语，故选B。
3.【2022四川达州】13. —Do you like the movie ________ is called The Battle at Lake Changjin
—Sure. I think no movie is ________ than it.
A. that; more touching B. what; less touching
C. that; more touched D. which; less touched
【答案】A
【解析】考查定语从句和形容词辨析。句意：——你喜欢《长津湖》这部电影吗？——当然。我认为没有哪部电影比它更感人了。第一处是定语从句，先行词是物，引导词在从句中作主语，排除B。touching感人的；touched感动的。此处修饰电影，用ing结尾的形容词，排除CD。故选A。
4.【2022四川成都】6. Rome is an ancient city _______ is full of places of interest.
A. where B. which C. who
【答案】B
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：罗马是一座充满名胜古迹的古城。句子是定语从句，先行词是物“an ancient city”，关系词在从句中作主语，用which引导定语从句。故选B。
5. 【2022四川乐山】13．— What kind of books do you like best
— I like books ________ are about science and technology.
A．who B．whom C．which
【答案】C
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：——你最喜欢什么类型的书？——我喜欢关于科学和技术的书。 此处是定语从句，先行词books是指物，在从句中作主语，应用关系词which引导定语从句，故选C。
6.【2022辽宁省朝阳】8. —What kind of movies do you like
—I prefer movies _________ me something to think about.
A. whom give B. who gives C. which give D. that gives
【答案】C
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：——你喜欢什么类型的电影？——我更喜欢能让我思考的电影。whom指人，在从句中作宾语；who指人，在从句中作主语或宾语；which指物，在从句中作主语或宾语；that指人或物，在从句中作主语或宾语。此处的先行词为movies，表示物，排除AB选项，又因先行词是复数，从句谓语动词应用动词原形，故选C。
7. 【2022黑龙江龙东地区】18. We should remember those ________ lost their lives for our country.
A. who B. whom C. which
【答案】A
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我们应该记住那些为我们的国家献出生命的人。who在句中作主语/宾语，指人；whom在句中作宾语，指人；which在句中作主语/宾语，指物。空前先行词“those”指人，且在句中作主语，用who引导。故选A。
8. 【2022黑龙江省牡丹江】14．— Jeff, what are you watching
— A short video about Zhang Guimei ________ stories move me deeply.
A．who B．whom C．whose
【答案】C
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：——杰夫，你在看什么？——一个关于张桂梅的短视频，她的故事深深打动了我。who指人，在从句中作主语或宾语；whom指人，在从句中作宾语；whose指人或物，在从句中作定语。从句成分完整，此处指的是张桂梅的故事，应用whose作定语，故选C。
9.【2022辽宁省营口】19. He _______ does not reach the Great Wall is not a true man.
A. whom B. / C. which D. who
【答案】D
【解析】考查定语从句的引导词。句意：不到长城非好汉。whom指人在定语从句中作宾语；which指代物，关系代词，在定语从句中作主语或宾语；who指代人，关系代词，在定语从句中作主语。He是先行词，指人且在定语从句中作主语，故需按D。
10.【2021年青海省西宁市】6. —I have read books ________ were written by Charles Dickens.
—So do I. David Copperfield is my favorite.
A. how B. who C. what D. that
【答案】D
【解析】考查定语从句的引导词。句意：——我读过查尔斯·狄更斯写的书。——我也是。大卫·科波菲尔是我的最爱。how关系副词，引导定语从句，在从句中作状语；who关系代词，引导定语从句，在从句中作主语，先行词为人；what不能引导定语从句；that关系代词，引导定语从句，在从句中作主语或宾语，先行词为人或物。本句中先行词为物，且引导词在从句中作主语，应用that引导定语从句。故选D。
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