人教版（2019）必修1 Unit 5 LANGUAGES AROUND THE WORLD Section B 同步课件 共110页PPT
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| 名称 | 人教版（2019）必修1 Unit 5 LANGUAGES AROUND THE WORLD Section B 同步课件 共110页PPT |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2022-11-04 10:37:24 | ||
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(共110张PPT)
Unit 5
LANGUAGES AROUND THE WORLD
Section B
新人教必修1 高一（上）
目 录
目录/Contents
01.
课文预习必读
02.
长难句分析
03.
教材预习梳理
04.
重难点全解
课 文 预 习 必 读
01.
课文预习必读
课 文 预 习 必 读
THE CHINESE WRITING SYSTEM①: CONNECTING THE PAST AND THE PRESENT
【教材原文】China is widely known for② its ancient civilisation③ which has continued all the way through④ into modern times despite⑤ the many ups and downs⑥ in its history. There are many reasons why this has been possible, but one of the main factors⑦ has been the Chinese writing system.
【词汇注释】
① system ／＇s st m／ n.体系； 制度；系统；② be known for 因······而出名
③civilisation [NAmE -ization］n.文明；文明世界
④ all the way through 全程，一直；⑤ despite／di＇spait／prep.即使；尽管
⑥ ups and downs 浮沉； 兴衰；荣辱
⑦ factor ／＇f kt （r）／ n.因素；要素
课 文 预 习 必 读
【汉语译文】汉字书写体系（system）：连接过去与现在
尽管（despite）历史跌宕起伏（ups and downs），中国因其古代文明一直延续至今而闻名于世。其存续的原因颇多，但主要因素（factor）之一是汉字的书写体系。
THE CHINESE WRITING SYSTEM①: CONNECTING THE PAST AND THE PRESENT
课 文 预 习 必 读
【教材原文】
At the beginning⑧, written Chinese was a picture-based⑨ language. It dates back several thousand years to⑩ the use of longgu - animal bones and shells on which symbols were carved by ancient Chinese people.Some of the ancient symbols can still be seen in today's hanzi.
THE CHINESE WRITING SYSTEM: CONNECTING THE PAST AND THE PRESENT
课 文 预 习 必 读
【词汇注释】
⑧ at the beginning 最初； 起初；
⑨based／beist／adj.以（某事）为基础的；以······为重要部分（或特征）的
＊base／beis／vt.以······ 为据点；以······为基础n.底部；根据
⑩ date back（to...）追溯到；
bone／b un／n.骨头； 骨（质）；
shell／Sel／n.壳；壳状物；
symbol／＇s mbl／n.符号； 象征；
carve／ka：v／vt.＆vi.雕刻；
THE CHINESE WRITING SYSTEM: CONNECTING THE PAST AND THE PRESENT
课 文 预 习 必 读
【汉语译文】
汉字在最初是一种基于（based）图形的语言。它可以追溯到（date back to）数千年前使用龙骨的时期-古代中国人在这些骨头（bone）和壳（shell）上面刻画（carve）简单的符号（symbol）。这些符号在今天的汉字中仍可看到。
THE CHINESE WRITING SYSTEM: CONNECTING THE PAST AND THE PRESENT
课 文 预 习 必 读
【教材原文】
By the Shang Dynasty (around 1600-1046 BCE), these symbols had become a well-developed writing system. Over the years, the system developed into different forms, as it was a time when people were divided geographically, leading to many varieties of dialects and characters . This,however, changed under Emperor Qinshihuang of the Qin Dynasty(221-207 BCE).
THE CHINESE WRITING SYSTEM: CONNECTING THE PAST AND THE PRESENT
课 文 预 习 必 读
【词汇注释】
dynasty/'dm sti;NAmE ＇dai-／n.王朝；朝代；
lead to 引起；导致；
variety／v ＇rar ti／n.（植物、语言等的）变体；异体；多样化
dialect ／＇dar lekt／n.地方话；方言
character/'k r kt (r)/ n.文字；符号；角色；品质；特点
THE CHINESE WRITING SYSTEM: CONNECTING THE PAST AND THE PRESENT
课 文 预 习 必 读
【汉语译文】
到商朝（dynasty）（约公元前1600年-前1046年）时，这些符号已经演变成一套成熟的书写体系。在随后的年代里，这一体系发展成不同的形式，这是由于当时中国人居住地域的分隔，从而导致许多不同种类（variety）的方言（dialect） 和汉字（character）的产生。然而，这在秦朝（公元前221年一前207年）秦始皇统治时期发生了变化。
THE CHINESE WRITING SYSTEM: CONNECTING THE PAST AND THE PRESENT
课 文 预 习 必 读
【教材原文】
Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states into one unified country where where 引导定语从句，修饰 one unified countrythe Chinese writing system began todevelop in one direction. That writing system was of great importance in uniting the Chinese people and culture. Even today, no matter where Chinese people live or what dialect they speak,they can all still communicate in writing.
THE CHINESE WRITING SYSTEM: CONNECTING THE PAST AND THE PRESENT
课 文 预 习 必 读
【词汇注释】
major /'me d3 (r)/ adj. 主要的；重要的；大的；
n.主修课程；主修学生vi.主修；专门研究
be of great importance 很重要＝be very important
no matter where 不论哪里······；不管哪里······
THE CHINESE WRITING SYSTEM: CONNECTING THE PAST AND THE PRESENT
课 文 预 习 必 读
【汉语译文】
秦始皇统一七个诸侯国后，在这个统一的国家里，汉字开始朝着一个方向发展。这个书写体系对于中国人民与中国文化的统一具有非凡的意义。即使在今天，不论住在哪里（nomatter where），也不论说何种方言，中国人仍然能通过书写（汉字）进行交流。
THE CHINESE WRITING SYSTEM: CONNECTING THE PAST AND THE PRESENT
课 文 预 习 必 读
【教材原文】
Written Chinese has also become an important means by which China's present is connected with its past. People in modern times can read the classic works which were written by Chinese in ancient times. The high regard for the classic works the Chinese writing system can be seen in the development of Chinese characters as an art form,known as Chinese calligraphy , whichhas become an important part of Chinese culture.
THE CHINESE WRITING SYSTEM: CONNECTING THE PAST AND THE PRESENT
课 文 预 习 必 读
【词汇注释】
means／mi：nz／n.方式； 方法；途径
be connected with与······ 有联系
classic /'kl sik/ adj. 传统的；最优秀的；典型的n.经典作品；名著
regard ／ri＇ga：d／ n.尊重；关注vt.把······视为；看待
calligraphy/k 'lrgr fi/ n.书法；书法艺术
THE CHINESE WRITING SYSTEM: CONNECTING THE PAST AND THE PRESENT
课 文 预 习 必 读
【汉语译文】
汉字也成为连接中国现在与过去的一个重要媒介（means）。现代中国人可以阅读古代中国人撰写的经典（classic）作品。中国人对其书写体系推崇备至，这体现在汉字发展为一种艺术形式-中国书法（calligraphy）。书法已经成为中国文化的一个重要组成部分。
THE CHINESE WRITING SYSTEM: CONNECTING THE PAST AND THE PRESENT
课 文 预 习 必 读
【教材原文】
Today, the Chinese writing system is still an important part of Chinese culture. As China plays a greater role in global affairs , an increasing number of international students are beginning to appreciate China's culture and history through this amazing language.
THE CHINESE WRITING SYSTEM: CONNECTING THE PAST AND THE PRESENT
课 文 预 习 必 读
【词汇注释】
play a...role in 在··· 方面起······作用
global／＇gl ubl／adj.全球的；全世界的
affair ／ ＇fe （r）／n．公共事务；事件；关系
appreciate / 'pri:fiert/ vt. 欣赏；重视；感激；领会vi.增值
THE CHINESE WRITING SYSTEM: CONNECTING THE PAST AND THE PRESENT
课 文 预 习 必 读
【汉语译文】
今天，汉字仍然是中国文化的一个重要组成部分。随着中国在全球（global）事务（affair）中扮演着更为重要的角色，越来越多的国际学生开始通过汉语这一奇妙的语言了解和欣赏（appreciate）中国的文化和历史。
THE CHINESE WRITING SYSTEM: CONNECTING THE PAST AND THE PRESENT
长 难 句 分 析
02.
长难句分析
长 难 句 分 析
1. China is widely known for its ancient civilisation which has continued all the way through into modern times...
＊which has continued all the way through into modern times 是 which引导的定语从句，修饰 ancient civilisation，which在从句中作主语。
长 难 句 分 析
2. ...animal bones and shells on which symbols were carved by ancient Chinese people.
＊句中“介词on＋which”引导定语从句，修饰 animal bones and shells。
长 难 句 分 析
3. By the Shang Dynasty (around 1600-1046 BCE),these symbols had become a well-developed writing system.
＊“by＋过去的时间”作时间状语时，句子用过去完成时态。
长 难 句 分 析
4. ..as it was a time when people were divided geographically, leading to many varieties of dialects and characters.
＊as引导原因状语从句，其中when引导定语从句，修饰a time，leading to...是现在分词短语作结果状语。
长 难 句 分 析
5. ...no matter where Chinese people live or what dialect they speak...
＊句中 no matter where 和 no matter what dialect引导让步状语从句。
教 材 预 习 梳 理
03.
教材预习梳理
教 材 预 习 梳 理
词块梳理与背诵
（英汉互译）
① _____ ...and／to／with...连接··..·
② be _____ 关联／连接with／to与······有联系／连接
③ be known _____ 因······而众所周知；
④ ancient _____ 古代文明
⑤ _____ through 全程，一直
⑥ _____ 浮沉；兴衰；荣辱
⑦ _____（to）追溯到；始于
⑧ _____ 刻画符号
⑨ on animal _____ 在动物骨头上
⑩ _____ the Shang Dynasty到商朝时
_____ into 发展成为
it was a time _____ ...那是一个······的时代
_____ 导致；通向
many _____ of 许多种类的
seven_____ states 七个诸候国家
教 材 预 习 梳 理
词块梳理与背诵
（英汉互译）
unite... _____ 将······统一为;
be of great _____（in）（在某方面）非常重要;
_____where无论在哪里;
no matter _____ they speak 不论他们说什么方言；
_____in writing 通过书写进行交流;
an important _____一个重要媒介／手段；
_____ 借助于；用；凭借；依靠；
write the _____ works写出经典作品；
Chinese _____ 中国字；汉字
in the __of 在······的发展过程中 ;
known as ____ 作为书法而闻名;
_____全球事务;
_____在······中起作用；在……中扮演角色；
____China＇s culture 欣赏中国的文化；
_____ information 特定信息;
along _____ 沿着；顺着；连同······一起；与······一道;
____ society 文明社会
教 材 预 习 梳 理
词块梳理与背诵
（英汉互译）
①connect;
②connected;
③for;
④civilisation;
【答案】
⑤all the way
⑥ups and downs
⑦ date back
⑧ carve symbols
【答案】
【答案】
⑨ bones
⑩ by
develop
教 材 预 习 梳 理
词块梳理与背诵
（英汉互译）
【答案】
when;
lead to;
varieties;
major;
into;
importance;
no matter;
what dialect;
communicate；
【答案】
means；
by means of；
classic；
characters；
development；
calligraphy；
global affairs；
play a role/part in；
appreciate； specific;
with ； civilised;
教 材 预 习 梳 理
构词法梳理与背诵
【派生法构词】
① _____ n.体系；制度；系统→systematicadj.系统的；成体系的；有条理的；
② base vt.以······为据点；以······为基础n.底部；根据→ _____ adj.以（某事）为基础的；以··...·为重要部分（或特征）的；
③ _____ n.符号；象征→symbolic adj.作为象征的；象征性的→symbolise／symbolize vt.象征；是······的象征；代表→symbolism n.（尤指文艺中的）象征主义，象征手法→symbolist n.象征主义者
教 材 预 习 梳 理
构词法梳理与背诵
【派生法构词】
⑦globe n.地球；地球仪→ _____ adj.全球的；全世界的
⑧appreciate vt. 欣赏；重视；感激；领会 vi.增值→_____ n.欣赏；鉴定；感激；增值
⑨_____ adj.特定的；明确的；具体的→specifically adv.明确地；具体地；特意；专门地
【派生法构词】
④ vary vi.变化；变更vt改变；使多样化→ _____ n.（植物、语言等的）变体；异体；多样化；
⑤ _____ adj.主要的；重要的；大的→majorityn.大多数;
⑥ _____ n. 文字；符号；角色；品质；特点→characteristic adj.典型的；特有的；独特的
教 材 预 习 梳 理
构词法梳理与背诵
【转化法构词】
⑩ _____ n.因素；要素→v.把·····因素包括进去
_____ v／.以······为据点；以······为基础→n.底部；据点
_____ n.日期；约会→v.注明日期；写上日期；确定年代；与（某人）谈恋爱；
_____ n.骨头；骨（质）→vt.挑鱼刺；剔骨头
教 材 预 习 梳 理
构词法梳理与背诵
【转化法构词】
_____ n.壳；壳状物→vt.给······去壳
_____ adj.主要的；重要的；大的→n.主修课程；主修学生→vi.主修；专门研究
_____ adj.传统的；最优秀的；典型的→n.经典作品；名著
_____ vt.把······视为；看待→n.尊重；关注
【缩略词】
_____（＝Common Era）公元
教 材 预 习 梳 理
构词法梳理与背诵
①system;
② based;
③ synbol;
④ variety;
【答案】
⑤ major
⑥ character;
⑦ global;
⑧ appreciation;
【答案】
【答案】
⑨ specific;
⑩ factor;
base;
教 材 预 习 梳 理
构词法梳理与背诵
date;
bone;
shell;
【答案】
major;
classic;
【答案】
【答案】
regard;
CE
教 材 预 习 梳 理
课文原创题自测
（课文阅读理解）
① What do you think is one of the main factors that has helped the Chinese language and culture survive
A.Chinese writing system.
B.Chinese wisdom.
C.Chinese hard work.
D.Chinese spoken language.
② What is the main idea of Paragraph 2
A.How people carved symbols on animal bones and shells.
B.What did the symbols on animal bones and shells mean.
C.When the picture-based language began.
D.What was the earliest written Chinese.
教 材 预 习 梳 理
课文原创题自测
（课文阅读理解）
③ Why did the Chinese writing system begin to develop in one direction
A.People wanted to live in peace.
B.Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states into one unified country.
C.People were willing to communicate in one language.
D.People were divided geographically.
④ How do foreigners appreciate the China's culture and history
A.Through classic works.
B.Through music.
C.Through the Chinese language.
D.Through a picture-based language.
教 材 预 习 梳 理
课文原创题自测
（课文语法填空）
The main reason why China's ancient civilisation has continued all the way through into modern times has been the Chinese writing system. ⑤ ___ the beginning,written Chinese was a picture-based language,which⑥ ___ (date) back several thousand years to the use of longgu.
Symbols⑦ ___ (carve) on animal bones and shells by ancient Chinese people.Over the years,there was ⑧ ___ time when the Chinese people were divided geographically, leading to many ⑨ ___ (variety)of dialects and characters.
Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states into one unified country, making the Chinese writing system begin to develop in one direction. It was of great importance in ⑩ ___ (unite)the Chinese people and culture. People in modern times can read the classic works ___ (write)by Chinese in ancient times. Nowadays,Chinese calligraphy has become an important part of Chinese culture. ___ China plays a greater role in ___ (globe)affairs,a large number of international students are beginning ___ (appreciate)China's culture and history through this amazing language.
教 材 预 习 梳 理
课文原创题自测
【课文阅读理解答案】
1. A；2. D；3. B；4.C
【课文语法填空答案】
⑤ At；⑥ date；⑦ were carved
⑧ a；⑨ varieties；
⑩ uniting； written；
As ； global； to appreciate
重 难 点 全 解
04.
重难点全解
重 难 点 全 解
1. ···despite the many ups and downs in its history. 尽管历史跌宕起伏……
despite prep.即使；尽管（相当于 in spite of）
【搭配】espite doing sth.尽管做了某事；
despite＋what 从句；
despite the fact that..尽管（相当于although 引导的让步状语从句）；
eg：Mr.Lucas leads a simple life despite his great wealth.
尽管卢卡斯先生很富有，但他过着简朴的生活。
eg：Despite having failed thousands of times, he refused to give up.
尽管已经失败了无数次，他仍拒绝放弃。
eg：Despite what you say, we still believe she is honest.
不管你们怎么说，我们仍相信她是诚实的。
eg：She was good at physics despite the fact that she found it boring.
尽管她认为物理枯燥无味，她却学得很好。
重 难 点 全 解
despite prep.即使；尽管（相当于 in spite of）
【说明】
despite 与 in spite of，regardless of一样，是（短语）介词，其后可接名词、代词或动名词作宾语，在句中作让步状语；而though／although／even if／eventhough则是连词，引导让步状语从句。
ups and down 浮沉；兴衰；荣辱
eg：It is a fact that life is full of ups and downs.
人生充满了起起落落，这是一个事实。
【词块背诵】ups and downs of life人生的坎坷ups and downs of a city 城市的兴衰；
up and down上上下下；到处；
eg：He looked me up and down and then asked me a few questions.
他上下打量了我一番，然后问了我几个问题。
1. ···despite the many ups and downs in its history. 尽管历史跌宕起伏……
重 难 点 全 解
【完成句子】
① Her voice was shaking _____ all her efforts to controlit.
【完成句子】
② Despite the fact ____ my grandmother is already eighty years old,she still keeps doing exercise every morning.
【完成句子】
③ Despite _____ others say,I think the film is very good.
1. ···despite the many ups and downs in its history. 尽管历史跌宕起伏……
重 难 点 全 解
【同义句转换】
尽管天气恶劣，我们还是继续在田里活。
④ __________ we continued working in the field.
【同义句转换】
尽管天气恶劣，我们还是继续在田里活。
⑤ __________ we continued working in the field.
【同义句转换】
尽管天气恶劣，我们还是继续在田里活。
⑥ __________ we continued working in the field.
1. ···despite the many ups and downs in its history. 尽管历史跌宕起伏……
重 难 点 全 解
【答案】
① despite；② that；③ what；
④ Despite the terrible weather
⑤ In spite of the terrible weather
⑥ Regardless of the terrible weather
1. ···despite the many ups and downs in its history. 尽管历史跌宕起伏……
重 难 点 全 解
【完成句子】
① Despite __________（许多起起落落）in his career，he still keeps a positive attitude towards life.
【完成句子】
② There's a lot of rushing __________（上上下下）the stairs.
【答案】
① many ups and downs；
② up and down；
1. ···despite the many ups and downs in its history. 尽管历史跌宕起伏……
重 难 点 全 解
2. There are many reasons why this has been possible... 其存续的原因颇多……
the reason + why 引导的定语从句
eg：The reason why he missed the bus was that he got up late.
他没赶上公共汽车的原因是他起晚了。
【句式积累】
（1）That／This／It is why＋结果．那／这就是为什么……（why 引导表语从句，后跟结果）
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2. There are many reasons why this has been possible... 其存续的原因颇多……
the reason + why 引导的定语从句
【句式积累】
（2）That／This／It is because＋原因．那／这是因为……（because 引导表语从句，后接原因）
eg：He fell asleep during the lecture. This was because he got bored with it.
他在听报告时睡着了。这是因为他厌倦了。
（3）The reason（why…）is that…（·····的）原因是······（why引导定语从句， 修饰 reason，that引导表语从句，后接reason的具体内容）
eg：He failed the exam again. The reason was that he was too careless.
他考试又没及格。原因是他太粗心了。
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【单句语法填空】
① The reason _____ I was late for the appointment was _____ I met an old friend on the way.
② I was late for the appointment. That was _____ I met an oldfriend on the way.
③ I met an old friend on the way, and that was _____ I was late for the appointment.
【完成句子】
④ He was ill. __________（那就是为什么）he was sent tothe hospital.
⑤He wassent to the hospital. __________（那是因为）he was ill.
2. There are many reasons why this has been possible... 其存续的原因颇多……
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【答案】
① why；that ；
② because；
③ why；
④That was why；
⑤That was because
2. There are many reasons why this has been possible... 其存续的原因颇多……
重 难 点 全 解
3.At the beginning,written Chinese was a picture-based language.
汉字在最初是一种基于图形的语言。
based adj. 以（某事）为基础的；以……为重要部分（或特征）的
【搭配】be based on／upon 以······为基础／根据；
eg：The movie is based on a real-life incident.
这部电影以现实生活中发生的一件事为原型。
base vt.以······为据点；以······为基础n.底部；根据；
【搭配】 base...on／upon...以······为基础／根据；at the base of...在······底部
eg：What are you basing this theory on？ 你这种理论的根据是什么？
eg：They decided to base the new company in York.
他们决定将新成立的公司总部设在约克郡。
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3.At the beginning,written Chinese was a picture-based language.
汉字在最初是一种基于图形的语言。
based adj. 以（某事）为基础的；以……为重要部分（或特征）的
base vt.以······为据点；以······为基础n.底部；根据；
【词块背诵】
（1）basis n．基础；准则；原因；
on the basis of 根据；在······的基础上；基于；
（2）basic adj． 基本的；初级的；必需的；
be basic to...是······的基础
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【单句语法填空】
① One should always base his opinions _____ facts.
② They settled down _____ the base of the mountain.
【单句语法填空】
③ The research group produced two reports ___ (base) on the survey, but neither contained any useful suggestions.
【单句语法填空】
② His first book to be published next month _____ (base) on a true story.
【单句语法填空】
④ The _____ (base) of a good marriage is trust.
3.At the beginning,written Chinese was a picture-based language.
汉字在最初是一种基于图形的语言。
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【答案】
① on／upon；
②at
【答案】
③ based；
【答案】
④ is based；
【答案】
⑤ basis；
3.At the beginning,written Chinese was a picture-based language.
汉字在最初是一种基于图形的语言。
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4. It dates back several thousand years to the use of longgu ..
它可以追溯到数干年前使用龙骨的时期……
date back（to...）追溯到 date back to=date from=go back to
eg：The skills of cooking in China can date back thousands of years.
中国的烹饪技艺可追溯到几千年前。
eg：The church dates back to/dates from the 13th century.
这座教堂始建于13世纪。
eg：We visited the castle dating back to the 12th century.
我们参观了那座建于12世纪的城堡
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4. It dates back several thousand years to the use of longgu ..
它可以追溯到数干年前使用龙骨的时期……
date back（to...）追溯到 date back to=date from=go back to
【说明】
date from 和 date back（to）在句中充当谓语时，句子常用一般现在时。这两个短语均没有被动形式，也不用于进行时。常用现在分词短语作定语。
【词块背诵】
out of date 过时的，过期的；to date 迄今为止；
up to date 现代的，最新的，时髦的
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【单句语法填空】
① My family has a vase,which dates back _____ the Ming Dynasty.
② The old town _____ (date) back to three hundred years ago.
【单句语法填空】
③ The old building _____ (date) back to the Tang Dynasty is still in good condition.
④ The history of their family _____ (date) back hundreds of years and the house where they live dates back _____ the 18th century.
4. It dates back several thousand years to the use of longgu ..
它可以追溯到数干年前使用龙骨的时期……
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【答案】
① to；
② dates；
③ dating；
④ dates;to
4. It dates back several thousand years to the use of longgu ..
它可以追溯到数干年前使用龙骨的时期……
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5. ...animal bones and shells on which symbols were carved by ancient Chinese people.
·····古代中国人在这些骨头和壳上面刻画符号。
symbol n.符号；记号；代号；象征；标志；标志物［→symbolise vt.象征（某事物）；是······的象征；代表 symbolically adv.象征性地；有象征意义地］
eg：Fe is the chemical symbol for iron.
Fe是铁的化学符号。
eg：Almost in the whole world, the dove is considered as the symbol of peace.
几乎全世界都把鸽子看作是和平的象征。
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5. ...animal bones and shells on which symbols were carved by ancient Chinese people.
·····古代中国人在这些骨头和壳上面刻画符号。
【词块背诵】
a symbol of...······的象征 the symbol for...······的符号
the symbol of power力量的象征
the symbol of peace 和平的象征
a symbol of hope 希望的象征
【词义辨析】
symbol象征，代表；
sign迹象，征兆，招牌；
signal信号，暗号；
mark标志，标记。
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【单句语法填空】
① What is the chemical symbol _____ copper
②White has always been a symbol _____ purity in Western cultures.
【辨析填空 symbol／sign／singal／mark】
③When I give the _____, run!
④ The lion is the _____ of power.
⑤The _____ of a good film isthat it leaves you talking about it.
⑥ I could see no ____ of life in the deserted town.
5. ...animal bones and shells on which symbols were carved by ancient Chinese people.
·····古代中国人在这些骨头和壳上面刻画符号。
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【答案】
① for；
② of；
③ signal；
④ symbol；
⑤ mark；
⑥ sign；
5. ...animal bones and shells on which symbols were carved by ancient Chinese people.
·····古代中国人在这些骨头和壳上面刻画符号。
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6....as it was a time when people were divided geographically, leading to..
·····这是由于当时中国人居住地域的分隔，从而导致……
…a time when... “一段······的时期”，when引导定语从句，修饰先行词a time。
【句式】
It／This／That was a time when...这／那是一段······的时期。There was a time when....曾经有一段时间······；
eg：This was a time when the two countries were at war.
这是一段两国交战的时期。
eg：There was a time when I was getting along well with my classmates. 曾经有一段时间我和同学们相处得很好。
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6....as it was a time when people were divided geographically, leading to..
·····这是由于当时中国人居住地域的分隔，从而导致……
…a time when... “一段······的时期”，when引导定语从句，修饰先行词a time。
【归纳拓展】
It／This／That is the first／second...time（that）..have done...
这／那是······第一／二····次······，从句用现在完成时；
It／This／That was the first／second...time（that）...had done...
这／那是·····第一／二·····次······，从句用过去完成时。
eg：It is the first time ( that )I have visited the Great Wall.
eg：It was the first time ( that)I had visited the Great Wall.
这是我第一次游览长城。
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【单句语法填空】
① It was a time _____ I wascrazy about outdoor activities.
②There was _____ time when people may have felt awkward about asking for a table for one, but those days are over.
③ There was a time _____ girls couldn't go to school.
④ Mo Yan won the Nobel Prize in Literature. It was the first time that a Chinese writer _____ (win) such an important award.
⑤It is the second time I _____ (see)the famous player, but I still feel excited.
6....as it was a time when people were divided geographically, leading to..
·····这是由于当时中国人居住地域的分隔，从而导致……
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【答案】
① when;
② a;
③ when;
④ had won;
⑤ have seen
6....as it was a time when people were divided geographically, leading to..
·····这是由于当时中国人居住地域的分隔，从而导致……
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7. ...leading to many varieties of dialects and characters.
······从而导致许多不同种类的方言和汉字的产生。
variety n.（植物、语言等的）变体；异体；多样化；（同一事物的）不同种类［→vary v.改变，变化；（大小，形状等）不同various adj.各种各样的 varied adj.各种各样的］
(1) eg：Join us to taste a variety of/varieties of fresh local food and drinks.
加入我们品尝各种各样的新鲜本地食物和饮料。
eg：I was impressed by the variety of dishes on offer.
所供应的菜肴之丰盛让我印象深刻。
(2) eg：The research team is made up of the pupils, whose ages vary from 10 to 15．研究小组由学生组成，他们的年龄从10岁到15岁不等。
（3）eg：There are various ways of doing this．做这一工作的方法有很多。
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7. ...leading to many varieties of dialects and characters.
······从而导致许多不同种类的方言和汉字的产生。
variety n.（植物、语言等的）变体；异体；多样化；（同一事物的）不同种类［→vary v.改变，变化；（大小，形状等）不同various adj.各种各样的 varied adj.各种各样的］
【词块背诵】
（1）a（wide）variety of＝varieties of＝various 各种各样的；
the variety of...·····的不同种类／多种式样；
（2）vary in 在······方面不同；vary with随·····而变化；
vary from...to...从……到····变化；vary between...and...从····到·····不等
【说明】
varieties of 后接名词复数作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式：
eg：There are varieties of more than 60 countries where English is the official language. 英语为官方语言的国家有60多个。
教 材 预 习 梳 理
【单句语法填空】
① There are _____ (vary) solutions to your problem.
② For Chinese people, there're a ____ (vary)of activities to celebrate the traditional festivals.
③ The café offers a wide _____ (vary) of sandwiches in order to attract customers.
【一句多译】
④他因为各种各样的原因错失了这次机会
He missed the opportunity for __________ reasons.
【一句多译】
He missed the opportunity for __________ reasons.
He missed the opportunity for __________ reasons.
7. ...leading to many varieties of dialects and characters.
······从而导致许多不同种类的方言和汉字的产生。
教 材 预 习 梳 理
【答案】
① various；② variety；
③ variety；④ a variety of; varieties of; various
7. ...leading to many varieties of dialects and characters.
······从而导致许多不同种类的方言和汉字的产生。
重 难 点 全 解
8. Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states into one unified country...
秦始皇统一七个诸侯国后……
major（1）adj．主要的；重要的；大的
eg：Fortunately, he was accepted by a major company after graduating from college.幸运的是，他在大学毕业后被一家大公司录取了。
（2）n．主修课程；主修学生 vi．主修；专门研究
【搭配】major in 主修······
eg：My daughter majors in maths at university. 我女儿在大学主修数学。
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8. Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states into one unified country...
秦始皇统一七个诸侯国后……
【词块背诵】（1）a major factor 主要因素；（2）majorityn．大多数；大部分；
be in the／a majority 占大多数；
a major incident／problem重大事件／问题；
a／the majority of... （＝most of...）大多数；
eg：The majority of my classmates are interested in modern music.
我的大多数同学都对现代音乐感兴趣。
（3）minor adj．较小的，次要的 minorityn.少数
be in the／a minority 占少数，成为少数派
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【单句语法填空】
① When the headmaster spoke out his plan,the _____ (major) of the students in the class were in favour of it.
【单句语法填空】
【单句语法填空】
② Li Ming wants to major _____ physicsat college.
③ One-third of the country is covered with trees and _____ majority of the citizens are natives.
8. Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states into one unified country...
秦始皇统一七个诸侯国后……
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【单句语法填空】
④ At the meeting,young people were _____ the majority.
【单句语法填空】
【答案】
⑤ The majority of foreigners work-ing here _____(be) from Africa.
① majority；② in；③ the/a； ④ in；⑤ are；
8. Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states into one unified country...
秦始皇统一七个诸侯国后……
重 难 点 全 解
9. That writing system was of great importance in uniting theChinese people and culture.
这个书写体系对于中国人民与中国文化的统一具有非凡的意义。
be of+抽象名词
eg：Your suggestion was of great use to our work.
你的建议对我们的工作非常有用。
eg：The book I bought in Shanghai last week is of great value.
我上周在上海买的那本书价值连城。。
eg：Despite having failed thousands of times, he refused to give up.
尽管已经失败了无数次，他仍拒绝放弃。
eg：Despite what you say, we still believe she is honest.
不管你们怎么说，我们仍相信她是诚实的。
eg：She was good at physics despite the fact that she found it boring.
尽管她认为物理枯燥无味，她却学得很好。
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9. That writing system was of great importance in uniting theChinese people and culture.
这个书写体系对于中国人民与中国文化的统一具有非凡的意义。
be of+抽象名词
eg：Your suggestion was of great use to our work.
你的建议对我们的工作非常有用。
eg：The book I bought in Shanghai last week is of great value.
我上周在上海买的那本书价值连城。。
【用法归纳】
（1）be of+抽象名词=be+该名词的同根形容词,类似结构有:
be of great use ＝ be greatly useful 非常有用
be of great value ＝ be greatly valuable 价值连城
be of great benefit ＝be greatly beneficial 非常有益
be of great help ＝ be greatly helpful 很有帮助
be of no use＝be useless 无用的
be of no help＝be helpless无助的
（2）“be of a/the same +抽象名词”用于说明主语的特征（这类抽象名词没有相应的形容词形式），如 be of the same size／weight／height／age／color／kind／type。
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【单句语法填空】
①-The two pairs of shoes are _____ the same size.
-But they are different ___ color.
【单句语法填空】
② Taking regular exercise and having enough sleep are of great _____ (important) to us.
【完成句子】
③This dictionary is _____（很有用）formiddle school students.
9. That writing system was of great importance in uniting theChinese people and culture.
这个书写体系对于中国人民与中国文化的统一具有非凡的意义。
重 难 点 全 解
【完成句子】
④ Although it is a second-hand table, it's _____（很大的价值）.
【完成句子】
⑤ Your suitcase is ______ （一样大）with mine.
【答案】
① of；in；② importance；
③ of great use/greatly useful
④ of great value/greatly valuable
⑤ of the same size
9. That writing system was of great importance in uniting theChinese people and culture.
这个书写体系对于中国人民与中国文化的统一具有非凡的意义。
重 难 点 全 解
10. ...no matter where Chinese people live or what dialect they speak， they can all still communicate in writing.······不论住在哪里，也不论说何种方言，中国人仍然能通过书写（汉字）进行交流。
“no matter + 疑问词” 引导让步状语从句
eg：No matter what difficulty you meet with,you must carry out your plan.
无论遇到什么困难，你都必须执行你的计划。
eg：No matter where he is, he gets into the habit of taking a walk before breakfast.不管在哪里，他养成了早餐前散步的习惯。
eg：No matter who you are, you should respect others.
不管你是谁，你都应该尊重别人。
eg：No matter when you need help, you can turn to me.
不管你什么时候需要帮助，你都可以向我求助。
eg：No matter how good the advertisement is, you must be careful.
不管广告有多么好，你都必须小心。
重 难 点 全 解
10. ...no matter where Chinese people live or what dialect they speak， they can all still communicate in writing.······不论住在哪里，也不论说何种方言，中国人仍然能通过书写（汉字）进行交流。
【词块背诵】（1）引导让步状语从句的词：
no matter where＝wherever 不管在哪里；no matter what＝ whatever；不管什么no matter which＝whichever 不管哪一个；no matter how＝however 不管怎样；no matter who＝whoever 不管是谁；no matter when＝whenever 不管什么时候；
（2）whatever，whichever和whoever也可引导名词性从句。引导名词性从句时，不可以替换为“no matter＋what／which／who”的形式。
eg：Whatever David says sounds right to Helen.
无论戴维说什么，海伦都觉得对。（主语从句）
eg：I would like to read whichever book you recommend.
你推荐哪本书，我就看哪一本。（宾语从句）
重 难 点 全 解
【单句语法填空】
① I‘ll do _____ I can to help you.
② I will lend my e-dictionary to _____ wants to look up words and promises to take good care of it.
③ _____ you are, you must obey the laws.
④ _____ hard he tried, he didn't catch up with the monitor.
10. ...no matter where Chinese people live or what dialect they speak， they can all still communicate in writing.······不论住在哪里，也不论说何种方言，中国人仍然能通过书写（汉字）进行交流。
重 难 点 全 解
【完成句子】
⑤ One can always manage to do more things _________（无论一个人的生活日程有多么满）.
⑥ I believe that we can overcome any difficulty, __________（无论它是什么）.
⑦ I'd like to go to have a meal with you __________（在你方便的任何时候）.
10. ...no matter where Chinese people live or what dialect they speak， they can all still communicate in writing.······不论住在哪里，也不论说何种方言，中国人仍然能通过书写（汉字）进行交流。
重 难 点 全 解
【答案】
① whatever；② whoever；
③ Wherever/Whoever/No matter where/No matter who ④ However/ No matter how；
⑤ however/no matter how full one's schedule is in life ⑥ whatever/no matter what it is.
⑦ whenever/no matter when it is convenient to you
10. ...no matter where Chinese people live or what dialect they speak， they can all still communicate in writing.······不论住在哪里，也不论说何种方言，中国人仍然能通过书写（汉字）进行交流。
重 难 点 全 解
11. Written Chinese has also become an important means..
汉字也成为······的一个重要媒介。
means n.方式；方法；途径
eg：For him the stage is just a means of making a living.
对他来说，戏剧表演只是谋生的一种手段。
eg：The engineers succeeded in completing the project by means of patience and hard work.工程师们通过耐心和努力工作成功完成了这个项目。
eg：-May I ask you several questions？我可以问您几个问题吗？
-By all means.当然可以。
eg：By no means will Jane agree to move to a new place far away from her workplace, because it isn't convenient for her family and herself.
简绝对不会同意搬到一个远离工作地点的新地方，因为这对她的家人和她自己都不方便。
重 难 点 全 解
11. Written Chinese has also become an important means..
汉字也成为······的一个重要媒介。
【词块背诵】
a means of...一种·····的方式；by any means 无论如何；by means of 依靠······方法；
by all means 可以，当然行（常用作交际用语）；
by no means一点儿也不，决不（置于句首时，句子用部分倒装）
【词义辨析】means，way，manner，method与approach
by...means 以······的方式；in...way 以······的方式；in...manner 以……的方式；
with...method 以······的方式；
an approach to（doing）sth.（做）······的方法
重 难 点 全 解
【单句语法填空】
① All possible means _____ (try)/Every possible means _____ (try),but we still can't solve the problem.
【单句语法填空】
③ Homework should not be used as a means _____ controlling children.
【单句语法填空】
② Nowadays many people travel across China _____ means of high-speed trains.
【单句语法填空】
④As _____ means of communication, the mobile phone has a lot of advantages.
11. Written Chinese has also become an important means..
汉字也成为······的一个重要媒介。
重 难 点 全 解
【完成句子】
⑤-Can I come and have a look at your new house
-Yes, __________（当然可以）！
【完成句子】
⑦ 我们决不能半途而废。
By no means __________ halfway.
【完成句子】
⑥ For the deaf and dumb couple the only__________（交流的方法）is sign language.
【答案】
① have been tried；has beentried ②by；③of；④a；⑤ by all means ⑥ means of communication；
⑦ can we give up
11. Written Chinese has also become an important means..
汉字也成为······的一个重要媒介。
重 难 点 全 解
12. The high regard for the Chinese writing system can be seen in the development of Chinese characters...中国人对其书写体系推崇备至，这体现在汉字发展··...·
regard n.尊重；关注；注意；［常pl.］问候；致意 vt.把······视为；看待（→regarding prep.关于；至于）
（1）eg：I had great regard for his abilities．我非常敬佩他的能力。
eg：He was driving without regard to speed limits.
他正开着车，根本不理会速度限制。
eg：Give my regards to your parents. 代我向你的父母问好。
eg：With regard to the party on July 1st, I shall be pleased to attend.
关于7月1日的聚会，我很乐意参加。
重 难 点 全 解
12. The high regard for the Chinese writing system can be seen in the development of Chinese characters...中国人对其书写体系推崇备至，这体现在汉字发展··...·
regard n.尊重；关注；注意；［常pl.］问候；致意 vt.把······视为；看待（→regarding prep.关于；至于）
(2) eg：My father has been highly regarded in our village.
我父亲在我们村子里很受尊重。
eg：I regard Henry as my best friend. 我把亨利当作最好的朋友。
(3) eg：Regarding air pollution, we still have a long way to go.
至于空气污染，我们还有很长的路要走。
重 难 点 全 解
12. The high regard for the Chinese writing system can be seen in the development of Chinese characters...中国人对其书写体系推崇备至，这体现在汉字发展··...·
regard n.尊重；关注；注意；［常pl.］问候；致意 vt.把······视为；看待（→regarding prep.关于；至于）
【词块背诵】
（1）have／show high regard for 重视……；
hold sb．in high regard 非常敬重某人；
give one＇s regards to 代某人向······问候
with／in regard to 关于；至于；
be regarded as 被看作
（2）regard…as 把······看作
重 难 点 全 解
【单句语法填空】
① Give our _____ (regard) to your English teacher.
② _____ (regard) judgment: the Internet has made me smarter in matters small and large.
③ His work is highly _____ (regard) by other painters.
④ He was regarded_____ a person with determination.
【单句语法填空】
⑤ _____ regard to disaster response, this is useful and important.
⑥ Nowadays,cycling,along with jogging and swimming, _____ (regard)as one of the best all-round forms of exercise.
⑦I had great regard _____ her abilities. She is a pop star liked by millions of fans.
12. The high regard for the Chinese writing system can be seen in the development of Chinese characters...中国人对其书写体系推崇备至，这体现在汉字发展··...·
重 难 点 全 解
【答案】
① regards；② Regarding
③ regarded；④ as；⑤ With/In；
⑥ is regarded；⑦ for
12. The high regard for the Chinese writing system can be seen in the development of Chinese characters...中国人对其书写体系推崇备至，这体现在汉字发展··...·
重 难 点 全 解
12. The high regard for the Chinese writing system can be seen in the development of Chinese characters...中国人对其书写体系推崇备至，这体现在汉字发展··...·
character n.文字；符号；人物，角色；性格；品质；特点；特征，特
色（→characteristic n.特征；特性adj.典型的，独特的）
eg：Mr. Brown loves to learn Chinese characters.
布朗先生热爱学习汉字。
eg：We are good friends and we are much alike in character.
我们是好朋友，性格也很相似。
eg：What else could make him behave so out of character
还有什么能使他的行为如此不符合他的性格呢？
重 难 点 全 解
12. The high regard for the Chinese writing system can be seen in the development of Chinese characters...中国人对其书写体系推崇备至，这体现在汉字发展··...·
character n.文字；符号；人物，角色；性格；品质；特点；特征，特
色（→characteristic n.特征；特性adj.典型的，独特的）
【词块背诵】in character 符合······的性格；out of character不符合······的性格
learn Chinese characters 学习汉字
a major／minor character in the book 书中的主要／次要人物
have a strong／weak character 个性强／软弱
the character of the nearby area 附近地区的风貌
【一言助记】
He described the character of the character he played with two characters.
他用两个字描述了他扮演的那个角色的性格。
重 难 点 全 解
【单句语法填空】
① The twin brothers are alike in appearance but differ greally _____ character.
② Her behavior last night was com. pletely out _____ character.
【写出 character 在句中的含义】
③ Which Chinese character would you choose to sum up the past year
④ Lu Xun made his characters live through their language in his stories.
12. The high regard for the Chinese writing system can be seen in the development of Chinese characters...中国人对其书写体系推崇备至，这体现在汉字发展··...·
重 难 点 全 解
【写出 character 在句中的含义】
⑤ We should take measures to preserve the character of the old town.
⑥ Though he seems a little weak,he has a strong character.
【答案】
① in；② of；③ 文字；④人物；角色；⑤ 特征，特色；⑥ 个性；性格
12. The high regard for the Chinese writing system can be seen in the development of Chinese characters...中国人对其书写体系推崇备至，这体现在汉字发展··...·
重 难 点 全 解
13. As China plays a greater role in global affairs, an increasing number of international students are beginning to appreciate China＇s culture and history...随着中国在全球事务中扮演着更为重要的角色，越来越多的国际学生开始了解和欣赏中国的文化和历史.
【词块背诵】
play a..part in在······中扮演····角色；在·····中起······作用；
play a role／part of 扮演······角色
play a..rolein 在·····中扮演······角色；参与；在······中起······作用
eg：The Internet plays a more and more important role/part in our life and work.互联网在我们的生活和工作中扮演着越来越重要的角色。
重 难 点 全 解
【单句语法填空】
① The young man was chosen to play the role, _____ Hamlet.
② The actor felt excited that he would play a role _____ a play based on a true story.
【答案】
① of；
② in；
13. As China plays a greater role in global affairs, an increasing number of international students are beginning to appreciate China＇s culture and history...随着中国在全球事务中扮演着更为重要的角色，越来越多的国际学生开始了解和欣赏中国的文化和历史.
重 难 点 全 解
13. As China plays a greater role in global affairs, an increasing number of international students are beginning to appreciate China＇s culture and history...随着中国在全球事务中扮演着更为重要的角色，越来越多的国际学生开始了解和欣赏中国的文化和历史.
【词块背诵】public affairs 公共事务；
family affairs 家务事；political affairs 政治事务；
private／personal affairs 私事；
foreign affairs 外交事务；
international affairs 国际事务；
allair n.公共事务；事件；关系［→affairs（pl.）事务］
eg：Are you interested in international affairs？
你对国际事务感兴趣吗？
eg：I am not prepared to discuss the public affairs with you.
我不准备与你讨论公共事务。
重 难 点 全 解
13. As China plays a greater role in global affairs, an increasing number of international students are beginning to appreciate China＇s culture and history...随着中国在全球事务中扮演着更为重要的角色，越来越多的国际学生开始了解和欣赏中国的文化和历史.
【词语辨析】affair，incident，accident& matter
affair：通常指重大事情或事件。多用复数，也可指小事。
incident：指历史上重要的事件或日常小事。
accident 指事故。
matter 常指麻烦事。
重 难 点 全 解
【选词填空：affair／incident／accident／ matter】
①This ____drew theattention of the world.
② Young people should care about international _____.
③I don't know how to deal with the _____.
④Fortunately,no one got injured in the traffic _____.
【答案】
① incident；
② affairs；
③ matter；
④ accident
13. As China plays a greater role in global affairs, an increasing number of international students are beginning to appreciate China＇s culture and history...随着中国在全球事务中扮演着更为重要的角色，越来越多的国际学生开始了解和欣赏中国的文化和历史.
重 难 点 全 解
13. As China plays a greater role in global affairs, an increasing number of international students are beginning to appreciate China＇s culture and history...随着中国在全球事务中扮演着更为重要的角色，越来越多的国际学生开始了解和欣赏中国的文化和历史.
【说明】
a number of＋可数名词复数＋复数谓语动词；
the number of＋可数名词复数＋单数谓语动词；
eg：The number of people invited was forty, but a number of them were absent for various reasons．
被邀请的人数为40，但许多人由于各种原因没来。
a number of 许多的，大量的
eg：A large number of people have applied for the job.
许多人申请了这份工作。
重 难 点 全 解
【单句语法填空】
① There _____ (be)an extremely large number of ants worldwide.
② The number of people killed in traffic accidents _____ (be) at least 400 last month.
【答案】
① are；
② was；
13. As China plays a greater role in global affairs, an increasing number of international students are beginning to appreciate China＇s culture and history...随着中国在全球事务中扮演着更为重要的角色，越来越多的国际学生开始了解和欣赏中国的文化和历史.
重 难 点 全 解
13. As China plays a greater role in global affairs, an increasing number of international students are beginning to appreciate China＇s culture and history...随着中国在全球事务中扮演着更为重要的角色，越来越多的国际学生开始了解和欣赏中国的文化和历史.
eg：I appreciate being given the chance to study further in China.
我很感激被给予在中国深造的机会。
eg：I'd appreciate you writing me back as soon as possible.
如果你能尽快给我回信，我将不胜感激。
eg：I would appreciate it if you could give me some advice.
如果你能给我一些建议，我将不胜感激。
appreciate （1）vt．欣赏，赏识；重视
eg：Anyone can appreciate our music. 任何人都能欣赏我们的音乐。
（2）vt．感激，感谢
【搭配】appreciate （ sb.）doing sth.感激（某人）做某事；
I would appreciate it if...如果·····我将不胜感激。
重 难 点 全 解
13. As China plays a greater role in global affairs, an increasing number of international students are beginning to appreciate China＇s culture and history...随着中国在全球事务中扮演着更为重要的角色，越来越多的国际学生开始了解和欣赏中国的文化和历史.
【词语积累】
appreciation n.欣赏；感激；
appreciative adj.感激的；
show appreciation to 向······表示感激；
in appreciation of／for... 感谢……；
eg：Here I sincerely expressed my appreciation if you could help find the lost suitcase.如果您能帮我找到丢失的手提箱，我在此表示衷心的感谢。
【学法点拨】
（1）appreciate接“事”作宾语：I appreciate your help．我感激你的帮助。thank接“人”作宾语：Thank you for your help.谢谢你的帮助。
（2）hate， love，like， dislike，appreciate，prefer后通常先接it再接 when或if引导的从句，it指代后面从句的内容。
重 难 点 全 解
【单句语法填空】
① I greatly appreciate you _____ (bring) me so much enjoyment.
②I will appreciate _____ if you immediately make an reply to me. And I sincerely long to meet you early.
③ I wish to express my _____ (appreciate) for your kindness.
【完成句子】
④ __________ （如果······我将不胜感激）youcould give me some instructions on how to learn chemistry.
⑤ He __________（向····表示感谢）those who gave him encouragement and help when he was in trouble.
13. As China plays a greater role in global affairs, an increasing number of international students are beginning to appreciate China＇s culture and history...随着中国在全球事务中扮演着更为重要的角色，越来越多的国际学生开始了解和欣赏中国的文化和历史.
重 难 点 全 解
【答案】
① bringing；② it；③ appreciation；
④ I would appreciate it if；
⑤ showed appreciation to；
13. As China plays a greater role in global affairs, an increasing number of international students are beginning to appreciate China＇s culture and history...随着中国在全球事务中扮演着更为重要的角色，越来越多的国际学生开始了解和欣赏中国的文化和历史.
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Unit 5
LANGUAGES AROUND THE WORLD
Section B
新人教必修1 高一（上）
目 录
目录/Contents
01.
课文预习必读
02.
长难句分析
03.
教材预习梳理
04.
重难点全解
课 文 预 习 必 读
01.
课文预习必读
课 文 预 习 必 读
THE CHINESE WRITING SYSTEM①: CONNECTING THE PAST AND THE PRESENT
【教材原文】China is widely known for② its ancient civilisation③ which has continued all the way through④ into modern times despite⑤ the many ups and downs⑥ in its history. There are many reasons why this has been possible, but one of the main factors⑦ has been the Chinese writing system.
【词汇注释】
① system ／＇s st m／ n.体系； 制度；系统；② be known for 因······而出名
③civilisation [NAmE -ization］n.文明；文明世界
④ all the way through 全程，一直；⑤ despite／di＇spait／prep.即使；尽管
⑥ ups and downs 浮沉； 兴衰；荣辱
⑦ factor ／＇f kt （r）／ n.因素；要素
课 文 预 习 必 读
【汉语译文】汉字书写体系（system）：连接过去与现在
尽管（despite）历史跌宕起伏（ups and downs），中国因其古代文明一直延续至今而闻名于世。其存续的原因颇多，但主要因素（factor）之一是汉字的书写体系。
THE CHINESE WRITING SYSTEM①: CONNECTING THE PAST AND THE PRESENT
课 文 预 习 必 读
【教材原文】
At the beginning⑧, written Chinese was a picture-based⑨ language. It dates back several thousand years to⑩ the use of longgu - animal bones and shells on which symbols were carved by ancient Chinese people.Some of the ancient symbols can still be seen in today's hanzi.
THE CHINESE WRITING SYSTEM: CONNECTING THE PAST AND THE PRESENT
课 文 预 习 必 读
【词汇注释】
⑧ at the beginning 最初； 起初；
⑨based／beist／adj.以（某事）为基础的；以······为重要部分（或特征）的
＊base／beis／vt.以······ 为据点；以······为基础n.底部；根据
⑩ date back（to...）追溯到；
bone／b un／n.骨头； 骨（质）；
shell／Sel／n.壳；壳状物；
symbol／＇s mbl／n.符号； 象征；
carve／ka：v／vt.＆vi.雕刻；
THE CHINESE WRITING SYSTEM: CONNECTING THE PAST AND THE PRESENT
课 文 预 习 必 读
【汉语译文】
汉字在最初是一种基于（based）图形的语言。它可以追溯到（date back to）数千年前使用龙骨的时期-古代中国人在这些骨头（bone）和壳（shell）上面刻画（carve）简单的符号（symbol）。这些符号在今天的汉字中仍可看到。
THE CHINESE WRITING SYSTEM: CONNECTING THE PAST AND THE PRESENT
课 文 预 习 必 读
【教材原文】
By the Shang Dynasty (around 1600-1046 BCE), these symbols had become a well-developed writing system. Over the years, the system developed into different forms, as it was a time when people were divided geographically, leading to many varieties of dialects and characters . This,however, changed under Emperor Qinshihuang of the Qin Dynasty(221-207 BCE).
THE CHINESE WRITING SYSTEM: CONNECTING THE PAST AND THE PRESENT
课 文 预 习 必 读
【词汇注释】
dynasty/'dm sti;NAmE ＇dai-／n.王朝；朝代；
lead to 引起；导致；
variety／v ＇rar ti／n.（植物、语言等的）变体；异体；多样化
dialect ／＇dar lekt／n.地方话；方言
character/'k r kt (r)/ n.文字；符号；角色；品质；特点
THE CHINESE WRITING SYSTEM: CONNECTING THE PAST AND THE PRESENT
课 文 预 习 必 读
【汉语译文】
到商朝（dynasty）（约公元前1600年-前1046年）时，这些符号已经演变成一套成熟的书写体系。在随后的年代里，这一体系发展成不同的形式，这是由于当时中国人居住地域的分隔，从而导致许多不同种类（variety）的方言（dialect） 和汉字（character）的产生。然而，这在秦朝（公元前221年一前207年）秦始皇统治时期发生了变化。
THE CHINESE WRITING SYSTEM: CONNECTING THE PAST AND THE PRESENT
课 文 预 习 必 读
【教材原文】
Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states into one unified country where where 引导定语从句，修饰 one unified countrythe Chinese writing system began todevelop in one direction. That writing system was of great importance in uniting the Chinese people and culture. Even today, no matter where Chinese people live or what dialect they speak,they can all still communicate in writing.
THE CHINESE WRITING SYSTEM: CONNECTING THE PAST AND THE PRESENT
课 文 预 习 必 读
【词汇注释】
major /'me d3 (r)/ adj. 主要的；重要的；大的；
n.主修课程；主修学生vi.主修；专门研究
be of great importance 很重要＝be very important
no matter where 不论哪里······；不管哪里······
THE CHINESE WRITING SYSTEM: CONNECTING THE PAST AND THE PRESENT
课 文 预 习 必 读
【汉语译文】
秦始皇统一七个诸侯国后，在这个统一的国家里，汉字开始朝着一个方向发展。这个书写体系对于中国人民与中国文化的统一具有非凡的意义。即使在今天，不论住在哪里（nomatter where），也不论说何种方言，中国人仍然能通过书写（汉字）进行交流。
THE CHINESE WRITING SYSTEM: CONNECTING THE PAST AND THE PRESENT
课 文 预 习 必 读
【教材原文】
Written Chinese has also become an important means by which China's present is connected with its past. People in modern times can read the classic works which were written by Chinese in ancient times. The high regard for the classic works the Chinese writing system can be seen in the development of Chinese characters as an art form,known as Chinese calligraphy , whichhas become an important part of Chinese culture.
THE CHINESE WRITING SYSTEM: CONNECTING THE PAST AND THE PRESENT
课 文 预 习 必 读
【词汇注释】
means／mi：nz／n.方式； 方法；途径
be connected with与······ 有联系
classic /'kl sik/ adj. 传统的；最优秀的；典型的n.经典作品；名著
regard ／ri＇ga：d／ n.尊重；关注vt.把······视为；看待
calligraphy/k 'lrgr fi/ n.书法；书法艺术
THE CHINESE WRITING SYSTEM: CONNECTING THE PAST AND THE PRESENT
课 文 预 习 必 读
【汉语译文】
汉字也成为连接中国现在与过去的一个重要媒介（means）。现代中国人可以阅读古代中国人撰写的经典（classic）作品。中国人对其书写体系推崇备至，这体现在汉字发展为一种艺术形式-中国书法（calligraphy）。书法已经成为中国文化的一个重要组成部分。
THE CHINESE WRITING SYSTEM: CONNECTING THE PAST AND THE PRESENT
课 文 预 习 必 读
【教材原文】
Today, the Chinese writing system is still an important part of Chinese culture. As China plays a greater role in global affairs , an increasing number of international students are beginning to appreciate China's culture and history through this amazing language.
THE CHINESE WRITING SYSTEM: CONNECTING THE PAST AND THE PRESENT
课 文 预 习 必 读
【词汇注释】
play a...role in 在··· 方面起······作用
global／＇gl ubl／adj.全球的；全世界的
affair ／ ＇fe （r）／n．公共事务；事件；关系
appreciate / 'pri:fiert/ vt. 欣赏；重视；感激；领会vi.增值
THE CHINESE WRITING SYSTEM: CONNECTING THE PAST AND THE PRESENT
课 文 预 习 必 读
【汉语译文】
今天，汉字仍然是中国文化的一个重要组成部分。随着中国在全球（global）事务（affair）中扮演着更为重要的角色，越来越多的国际学生开始通过汉语这一奇妙的语言了解和欣赏（appreciate）中国的文化和历史。
THE CHINESE WRITING SYSTEM: CONNECTING THE PAST AND THE PRESENT
长 难 句 分 析
02.
长难句分析
长 难 句 分 析
1. China is widely known for its ancient civilisation which has continued all the way through into modern times...
＊which has continued all the way through into modern times 是 which引导的定语从句，修饰 ancient civilisation，which在从句中作主语。
长 难 句 分 析
2. ...animal bones and shells on which symbols were carved by ancient Chinese people.
＊句中“介词on＋which”引导定语从句，修饰 animal bones and shells。
长 难 句 分 析
3. By the Shang Dynasty (around 1600-1046 BCE),these symbols had become a well-developed writing system.
＊“by＋过去的时间”作时间状语时，句子用过去完成时态。
长 难 句 分 析
4. ..as it was a time when people were divided geographically, leading to many varieties of dialects and characters.
＊as引导原因状语从句，其中when引导定语从句，修饰a time，leading to...是现在分词短语作结果状语。
长 难 句 分 析
5. ...no matter where Chinese people live or what dialect they speak...
＊句中 no matter where 和 no matter what dialect引导让步状语从句。
教 材 预 习 梳 理
03.
教材预习梳理
教 材 预 习 梳 理
词块梳理与背诵
（英汉互译）
① _____ ...and／to／with...连接··..·
② be _____ 关联／连接with／to与······有联系／连接
③ be known _____ 因······而众所周知；
④ ancient _____ 古代文明
⑤ _____ through 全程，一直
⑥ _____ 浮沉；兴衰；荣辱
⑦ _____（to）追溯到；始于
⑧ _____ 刻画符号
⑨ on animal _____ 在动物骨头上
⑩ _____ the Shang Dynasty到商朝时
_____ into 发展成为
it was a time _____ ...那是一个······的时代
_____ 导致；通向
many _____ of 许多种类的
seven_____ states 七个诸候国家
教 材 预 习 梳 理
词块梳理与背诵
（英汉互译）
unite... _____ 将······统一为;
be of great _____（in）（在某方面）非常重要;
_____where无论在哪里;
no matter _____ they speak 不论他们说什么方言；
_____in writing 通过书写进行交流;
an important _____一个重要媒介／手段；
_____ 借助于；用；凭借；依靠；
write the _____ works写出经典作品；
Chinese _____ 中国字；汉字
in the __of 在······的发展过程中 ;
known as ____ 作为书法而闻名;
_____全球事务;
_____在······中起作用；在……中扮演角色；
____China＇s culture 欣赏中国的文化；
_____ information 特定信息;
along _____ 沿着；顺着；连同······一起；与······一道;
____ society 文明社会
教 材 预 习 梳 理
词块梳理与背诵
（英汉互译）
①connect;
②connected;
③for;
④civilisation;
【答案】
⑤all the way
⑥ups and downs
⑦ date back
⑧ carve symbols
【答案】
【答案】
⑨ bones
⑩ by
develop
教 材 预 习 梳 理
词块梳理与背诵
（英汉互译）
【答案】
when;
lead to;
varieties;
major;
into;
importance;
no matter;
what dialect;
communicate；
【答案】
means；
by means of；
classic；
characters；
development；
calligraphy；
global affairs；
play a role/part in；
appreciate； specific;
with ； civilised;
教 材 预 习 梳 理
构词法梳理与背诵
【派生法构词】
① _____ n.体系；制度；系统→systematicadj.系统的；成体系的；有条理的；
② base vt.以······为据点；以······为基础n.底部；根据→ _____ adj.以（某事）为基础的；以··...·为重要部分（或特征）的；
③ _____ n.符号；象征→symbolic adj.作为象征的；象征性的→symbolise／symbolize vt.象征；是······的象征；代表→symbolism n.（尤指文艺中的）象征主义，象征手法→symbolist n.象征主义者
教 材 预 习 梳 理
构词法梳理与背诵
【派生法构词】
⑦globe n.地球；地球仪→ _____ adj.全球的；全世界的
⑧appreciate vt. 欣赏；重视；感激；领会 vi.增值→_____ n.欣赏；鉴定；感激；增值
⑨_____ adj.特定的；明确的；具体的→specifically adv.明确地；具体地；特意；专门地
【派生法构词】
④ vary vi.变化；变更vt改变；使多样化→ _____ n.（植物、语言等的）变体；异体；多样化；
⑤ _____ adj.主要的；重要的；大的→majorityn.大多数;
⑥ _____ n. 文字；符号；角色；品质；特点→characteristic adj.典型的；特有的；独特的
教 材 预 习 梳 理
构词法梳理与背诵
【转化法构词】
⑩ _____ n.因素；要素→v.把·····因素包括进去
_____ v／.以······为据点；以······为基础→n.底部；据点
_____ n.日期；约会→v.注明日期；写上日期；确定年代；与（某人）谈恋爱；
_____ n.骨头；骨（质）→vt.挑鱼刺；剔骨头
教 材 预 习 梳 理
构词法梳理与背诵
【转化法构词】
_____ n.壳；壳状物→vt.给······去壳
_____ adj.主要的；重要的；大的→n.主修课程；主修学生→vi.主修；专门研究
_____ adj.传统的；最优秀的；典型的→n.经典作品；名著
_____ vt.把······视为；看待→n.尊重；关注
【缩略词】
_____（＝Common Era）公元
教 材 预 习 梳 理
构词法梳理与背诵
①system;
② based;
③ synbol;
④ variety;
【答案】
⑤ major
⑥ character;
⑦ global;
⑧ appreciation;
【答案】
【答案】
⑨ specific;
⑩ factor;
base;
教 材 预 习 梳 理
构词法梳理与背诵
date;
bone;
shell;
【答案】
major;
classic;
【答案】
【答案】
regard;
CE
教 材 预 习 梳 理
课文原创题自测
（课文阅读理解）
① What do you think is one of the main factors that has helped the Chinese language and culture survive
A.Chinese writing system.
B.Chinese wisdom.
C.Chinese hard work.
D.Chinese spoken language.
② What is the main idea of Paragraph 2
A.How people carved symbols on animal bones and shells.
B.What did the symbols on animal bones and shells mean.
C.When the picture-based language began.
D.What was the earliest written Chinese.
教 材 预 习 梳 理
课文原创题自测
（课文阅读理解）
③ Why did the Chinese writing system begin to develop in one direction
A.People wanted to live in peace.
B.Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states into one unified country.
C.People were willing to communicate in one language.
D.People were divided geographically.
④ How do foreigners appreciate the China's culture and history
A.Through classic works.
B.Through music.
C.Through the Chinese language.
D.Through a picture-based language.
教 材 预 习 梳 理
课文原创题自测
（课文语法填空）
The main reason why China's ancient civilisation has continued all the way through into modern times has been the Chinese writing system. ⑤ ___ the beginning,written Chinese was a picture-based language,which⑥ ___ (date) back several thousand years to the use of longgu.
Symbols⑦ ___ (carve) on animal bones and shells by ancient Chinese people.Over the years,there was ⑧ ___ time when the Chinese people were divided geographically, leading to many ⑨ ___ (variety)of dialects and characters.
Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states into one unified country, making the Chinese writing system begin to develop in one direction. It was of great importance in ⑩ ___ (unite)the Chinese people and culture. People in modern times can read the classic works ___ (write)by Chinese in ancient times. Nowadays,Chinese calligraphy has become an important part of Chinese culture. ___ China plays a greater role in ___ (globe)affairs,a large number of international students are beginning ___ (appreciate)China's culture and history through this amazing language.
教 材 预 习 梳 理
课文原创题自测
【课文阅读理解答案】
1. A；2. D；3. B；4.C
【课文语法填空答案】
⑤ At；⑥ date；⑦ were carved
⑧ a；⑨ varieties；
⑩ uniting； written；
As ； global； to appreciate
重 难 点 全 解
04.
重难点全解
重 难 点 全 解
1. ···despite the many ups and downs in its history. 尽管历史跌宕起伏……
despite prep.即使；尽管（相当于 in spite of）
【搭配】espite doing sth.尽管做了某事；
despite＋what 从句；
despite the fact that..尽管（相当于although 引导的让步状语从句）；
eg：Mr.Lucas leads a simple life despite his great wealth.
尽管卢卡斯先生很富有，但他过着简朴的生活。
eg：Despite having failed thousands of times, he refused to give up.
尽管已经失败了无数次，他仍拒绝放弃。
eg：Despite what you say, we still believe she is honest.
不管你们怎么说，我们仍相信她是诚实的。
eg：She was good at physics despite the fact that she found it boring.
尽管她认为物理枯燥无味，她却学得很好。
重 难 点 全 解
despite prep.即使；尽管（相当于 in spite of）
【说明】
despite 与 in spite of，regardless of一样，是（短语）介词，其后可接名词、代词或动名词作宾语，在句中作让步状语；而though／although／even if／eventhough则是连词，引导让步状语从句。
ups and down 浮沉；兴衰；荣辱
eg：It is a fact that life is full of ups and downs.
人生充满了起起落落，这是一个事实。
【词块背诵】ups and downs of life人生的坎坷ups and downs of a city 城市的兴衰；
up and down上上下下；到处；
eg：He looked me up and down and then asked me a few questions.
他上下打量了我一番，然后问了我几个问题。
1. ···despite the many ups and downs in its history. 尽管历史跌宕起伏……
重 难 点 全 解
【完成句子】
① Her voice was shaking _____ all her efforts to controlit.
【完成句子】
② Despite the fact ____ my grandmother is already eighty years old,she still keeps doing exercise every morning.
【完成句子】
③ Despite _____ others say,I think the film is very good.
1. ···despite the many ups and downs in its history. 尽管历史跌宕起伏……
重 难 点 全 解
【同义句转换】
尽管天气恶劣，我们还是继续在田里活。
④ __________ we continued working in the field.
【同义句转换】
尽管天气恶劣，我们还是继续在田里活。
⑤ __________ we continued working in the field.
【同义句转换】
尽管天气恶劣，我们还是继续在田里活。
⑥ __________ we continued working in the field.
1. ···despite the many ups and downs in its history. 尽管历史跌宕起伏……
重 难 点 全 解
【答案】
① despite；② that；③ what；
④ Despite the terrible weather
⑤ In spite of the terrible weather
⑥ Regardless of the terrible weather
1. ···despite the many ups and downs in its history. 尽管历史跌宕起伏……
重 难 点 全 解
【完成句子】
① Despite __________（许多起起落落）in his career，he still keeps a positive attitude towards life.
【完成句子】
② There's a lot of rushing __________（上上下下）the stairs.
【答案】
① many ups and downs；
② up and down；
1. ···despite the many ups and downs in its history. 尽管历史跌宕起伏……
重 难 点 全 解
2. There are many reasons why this has been possible... 其存续的原因颇多……
the reason + why 引导的定语从句
eg：The reason why he missed the bus was that he got up late.
他没赶上公共汽车的原因是他起晚了。
【句式积累】
（1）That／This／It is why＋结果．那／这就是为什么……（why 引导表语从句，后跟结果）
重 难 点 全 解
2. There are many reasons why this has been possible... 其存续的原因颇多……
the reason + why 引导的定语从句
【句式积累】
（2）That／This／It is because＋原因．那／这是因为……（because 引导表语从句，后接原因）
eg：He fell asleep during the lecture. This was because he got bored with it.
他在听报告时睡着了。这是因为他厌倦了。
（3）The reason（why…）is that…（·····的）原因是······（why引导定语从句， 修饰 reason，that引导表语从句，后接reason的具体内容）
eg：He failed the exam again. The reason was that he was too careless.
他考试又没及格。原因是他太粗心了。
重 难 点 全 解
【单句语法填空】
① The reason _____ I was late for the appointment was _____ I met an old friend on the way.
② I was late for the appointment. That was _____ I met an oldfriend on the way.
③ I met an old friend on the way, and that was _____ I was late for the appointment.
【完成句子】
④ He was ill. __________（那就是为什么）he was sent tothe hospital.
⑤He wassent to the hospital. __________（那是因为）he was ill.
2. There are many reasons why this has been possible... 其存续的原因颇多……
重 难 点 全 解
【答案】
① why；that ；
② because；
③ why；
④That was why；
⑤That was because
2. There are many reasons why this has been possible... 其存续的原因颇多……
重 难 点 全 解
3.At the beginning,written Chinese was a picture-based language.
汉字在最初是一种基于图形的语言。
based adj. 以（某事）为基础的；以……为重要部分（或特征）的
【搭配】be based on／upon 以······为基础／根据；
eg：The movie is based on a real-life incident.
这部电影以现实生活中发生的一件事为原型。
base vt.以······为据点；以······为基础n.底部；根据；
【搭配】 base...on／upon...以······为基础／根据；at the base of...在······底部
eg：What are you basing this theory on？ 你这种理论的根据是什么？
eg：They decided to base the new company in York.
他们决定将新成立的公司总部设在约克郡。
重 难 点 全 解
3.At the beginning,written Chinese was a picture-based language.
汉字在最初是一种基于图形的语言。
based adj. 以（某事）为基础的；以……为重要部分（或特征）的
base vt.以······为据点；以······为基础n.底部；根据；
【词块背诵】
（1）basis n．基础；准则；原因；
on the basis of 根据；在······的基础上；基于；
（2）basic adj． 基本的；初级的；必需的；
be basic to...是······的基础
重 难 点 全 解
【单句语法填空】
① One should always base his opinions _____ facts.
② They settled down _____ the base of the mountain.
【单句语法填空】
③ The research group produced two reports ___ (base) on the survey, but neither contained any useful suggestions.
【单句语法填空】
② His first book to be published next month _____ (base) on a true story.
【单句语法填空】
④ The _____ (base) of a good marriage is trust.
3.At the beginning,written Chinese was a picture-based language.
汉字在最初是一种基于图形的语言。
重 难 点 全 解
【答案】
① on／upon；
②at
【答案】
③ based；
【答案】
④ is based；
【答案】
⑤ basis；
3.At the beginning,written Chinese was a picture-based language.
汉字在最初是一种基于图形的语言。
重 难 点 全 解
4. It dates back several thousand years to the use of longgu ..
它可以追溯到数干年前使用龙骨的时期……
date back（to...）追溯到 date back to=date from=go back to
eg：The skills of cooking in China can date back thousands of years.
中国的烹饪技艺可追溯到几千年前。
eg：The church dates back to/dates from the 13th century.
这座教堂始建于13世纪。
eg：We visited the castle dating back to the 12th century.
我们参观了那座建于12世纪的城堡
重 难 点 全 解
4. It dates back several thousand years to the use of longgu ..
它可以追溯到数干年前使用龙骨的时期……
date back（to...）追溯到 date back to=date from=go back to
【说明】
date from 和 date back（to）在句中充当谓语时，句子常用一般现在时。这两个短语均没有被动形式，也不用于进行时。常用现在分词短语作定语。
【词块背诵】
out of date 过时的，过期的；to date 迄今为止；
up to date 现代的，最新的，时髦的
重 难 点 全 解
【单句语法填空】
① My family has a vase,which dates back _____ the Ming Dynasty.
② The old town _____ (date) back to three hundred years ago.
【单句语法填空】
③ The old building _____ (date) back to the Tang Dynasty is still in good condition.
④ The history of their family _____ (date) back hundreds of years and the house where they live dates back _____ the 18th century.
4. It dates back several thousand years to the use of longgu ..
它可以追溯到数干年前使用龙骨的时期……
重 难 点 全 解
【答案】
① to；
② dates；
③ dating；
④ dates;to
4. It dates back several thousand years to the use of longgu ..
它可以追溯到数干年前使用龙骨的时期……
重 难 点 全 解
5. ...animal bones and shells on which symbols were carved by ancient Chinese people.
·····古代中国人在这些骨头和壳上面刻画符号。
symbol n.符号；记号；代号；象征；标志；标志物［→symbolise vt.象征（某事物）；是······的象征；代表 symbolically adv.象征性地；有象征意义地］
eg：Fe is the chemical symbol for iron.
Fe是铁的化学符号。
eg：Almost in the whole world, the dove is considered as the symbol of peace.
几乎全世界都把鸽子看作是和平的象征。
重 难 点 全 解
5. ...animal bones and shells on which symbols were carved by ancient Chinese people.
·····古代中国人在这些骨头和壳上面刻画符号。
【词块背诵】
a symbol of...······的象征 the symbol for...······的符号
the symbol of power力量的象征
the symbol of peace 和平的象征
a symbol of hope 希望的象征
【词义辨析】
symbol象征，代表；
sign迹象，征兆，招牌；
signal信号，暗号；
mark标志，标记。
重 难 点 全 解
【单句语法填空】
① What is the chemical symbol _____ copper
②White has always been a symbol _____ purity in Western cultures.
【辨析填空 symbol／sign／singal／mark】
③When I give the _____, run!
④ The lion is the _____ of power.
⑤The _____ of a good film isthat it leaves you talking about it.
⑥ I could see no ____ of life in the deserted town.
5. ...animal bones and shells on which symbols were carved by ancient Chinese people.
·····古代中国人在这些骨头和壳上面刻画符号。
重 难 点 全 解
【答案】
① for；
② of；
③ signal；
④ symbol；
⑤ mark；
⑥ sign；
5. ...animal bones and shells on which symbols were carved by ancient Chinese people.
·····古代中国人在这些骨头和壳上面刻画符号。
重 难 点 全 解
6....as it was a time when people were divided geographically, leading to..
·····这是由于当时中国人居住地域的分隔，从而导致……
…a time when... “一段······的时期”，when引导定语从句，修饰先行词a time。
【句式】
It／This／That was a time when...这／那是一段······的时期。There was a time when....曾经有一段时间······；
eg：This was a time when the two countries were at war.
这是一段两国交战的时期。
eg：There was a time when I was getting along well with my classmates. 曾经有一段时间我和同学们相处得很好。
重 难 点 全 解
6....as it was a time when people were divided geographically, leading to..
·····这是由于当时中国人居住地域的分隔，从而导致……
…a time when... “一段······的时期”，when引导定语从句，修饰先行词a time。
【归纳拓展】
It／This／That is the first／second...time（that）..have done...
这／那是······第一／二····次······，从句用现在完成时；
It／This／That was the first／second...time（that）...had done...
这／那是·····第一／二·····次······，从句用过去完成时。
eg：It is the first time ( that )I have visited the Great Wall.
eg：It was the first time ( that)I had visited the Great Wall.
这是我第一次游览长城。
重 难 点 全 解
【单句语法填空】
① It was a time _____ I wascrazy about outdoor activities.
②There was _____ time when people may have felt awkward about asking for a table for one, but those days are over.
③ There was a time _____ girls couldn't go to school.
④ Mo Yan won the Nobel Prize in Literature. It was the first time that a Chinese writer _____ (win) such an important award.
⑤It is the second time I _____ (see)the famous player, but I still feel excited.
6....as it was a time when people were divided geographically, leading to..
·····这是由于当时中国人居住地域的分隔，从而导致……
重 难 点 全 解
【答案】
① when;
② a;
③ when;
④ had won;
⑤ have seen
6....as it was a time when people were divided geographically, leading to..
·····这是由于当时中国人居住地域的分隔，从而导致……
重 难 点 全 解
7. ...leading to many varieties of dialects and characters.
······从而导致许多不同种类的方言和汉字的产生。
variety n.（植物、语言等的）变体；异体；多样化；（同一事物的）不同种类［→vary v.改变，变化；（大小，形状等）不同various adj.各种各样的 varied adj.各种各样的］
(1) eg：Join us to taste a variety of/varieties of fresh local food and drinks.
加入我们品尝各种各样的新鲜本地食物和饮料。
eg：I was impressed by the variety of dishes on offer.
所供应的菜肴之丰盛让我印象深刻。
(2) eg：The research team is made up of the pupils, whose ages vary from 10 to 15．研究小组由学生组成，他们的年龄从10岁到15岁不等。
（3）eg：There are various ways of doing this．做这一工作的方法有很多。
重 难 点 全 解
7. ...leading to many varieties of dialects and characters.
······从而导致许多不同种类的方言和汉字的产生。
variety n.（植物、语言等的）变体；异体；多样化；（同一事物的）不同种类［→vary v.改变，变化；（大小，形状等）不同various adj.各种各样的 varied adj.各种各样的］
【词块背诵】
（1）a（wide）variety of＝varieties of＝various 各种各样的；
the variety of...·····的不同种类／多种式样；
（2）vary in 在······方面不同；vary with随·····而变化；
vary from...to...从……到····变化；vary between...and...从····到·····不等
【说明】
varieties of 后接名词复数作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式：
eg：There are varieties of more than 60 countries where English is the official language. 英语为官方语言的国家有60多个。
教 材 预 习 梳 理
【单句语法填空】
① There are _____ (vary) solutions to your problem.
② For Chinese people, there're a ____ (vary)of activities to celebrate the traditional festivals.
③ The café offers a wide _____ (vary) of sandwiches in order to attract customers.
【一句多译】
④他因为各种各样的原因错失了这次机会
He missed the opportunity for __________ reasons.
【一句多译】
He missed the opportunity for __________ reasons.
He missed the opportunity for __________ reasons.
7. ...leading to many varieties of dialects and characters.
······从而导致许多不同种类的方言和汉字的产生。
教 材 预 习 梳 理
【答案】
① various；② variety；
③ variety；④ a variety of; varieties of; various
7. ...leading to many varieties of dialects and characters.
······从而导致许多不同种类的方言和汉字的产生。
重 难 点 全 解
8. Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states into one unified country...
秦始皇统一七个诸侯国后……
major（1）adj．主要的；重要的；大的
eg：Fortunately, he was accepted by a major company after graduating from college.幸运的是，他在大学毕业后被一家大公司录取了。
（2）n．主修课程；主修学生 vi．主修；专门研究
【搭配】major in 主修······
eg：My daughter majors in maths at university. 我女儿在大学主修数学。
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8. Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states into one unified country...
秦始皇统一七个诸侯国后……
【词块背诵】（1）a major factor 主要因素；（2）majorityn．大多数；大部分；
be in the／a majority 占大多数；
a major incident／problem重大事件／问题；
a／the majority of... （＝most of...）大多数；
eg：The majority of my classmates are interested in modern music.
我的大多数同学都对现代音乐感兴趣。
（3）minor adj．较小的，次要的 minorityn.少数
be in the／a minority 占少数，成为少数派
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【单句语法填空】
① When the headmaster spoke out his plan,the _____ (major) of the students in the class were in favour of it.
【单句语法填空】
【单句语法填空】
② Li Ming wants to major _____ physicsat college.
③ One-third of the country is covered with trees and _____ majority of the citizens are natives.
8. Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states into one unified country...
秦始皇统一七个诸侯国后……
重 难 点 全 解
【单句语法填空】
④ At the meeting,young people were _____ the majority.
【单句语法填空】
【答案】
⑤ The majority of foreigners work-ing here _____(be) from Africa.
① majority；② in；③ the/a； ④ in；⑤ are；
8. Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states into one unified country...
秦始皇统一七个诸侯国后……
重 难 点 全 解
9. That writing system was of great importance in uniting theChinese people and culture.
这个书写体系对于中国人民与中国文化的统一具有非凡的意义。
be of+抽象名词
eg：Your suggestion was of great use to our work.
你的建议对我们的工作非常有用。
eg：The book I bought in Shanghai last week is of great value.
我上周在上海买的那本书价值连城。。
eg：Despite having failed thousands of times, he refused to give up.
尽管已经失败了无数次，他仍拒绝放弃。
eg：Despite what you say, we still believe she is honest.
不管你们怎么说，我们仍相信她是诚实的。
eg：She was good at physics despite the fact that she found it boring.
尽管她认为物理枯燥无味，她却学得很好。
重 难 点 全 解
9. That writing system was of great importance in uniting theChinese people and culture.
这个书写体系对于中国人民与中国文化的统一具有非凡的意义。
be of+抽象名词
eg：Your suggestion was of great use to our work.
你的建议对我们的工作非常有用。
eg：The book I bought in Shanghai last week is of great value.
我上周在上海买的那本书价值连城。。
【用法归纳】
（1）be of+抽象名词=be+该名词的同根形容词,类似结构有:
be of great use ＝ be greatly useful 非常有用
be of great value ＝ be greatly valuable 价值连城
be of great benefit ＝be greatly beneficial 非常有益
be of great help ＝ be greatly helpful 很有帮助
be of no use＝be useless 无用的
be of no help＝be helpless无助的
（2）“be of a/the same +抽象名词”用于说明主语的特征（这类抽象名词没有相应的形容词形式），如 be of the same size／weight／height／age／color／kind／type。
重 难 点 全 解
【单句语法填空】
①-The two pairs of shoes are _____ the same size.
-But they are different ___ color.
【单句语法填空】
② Taking regular exercise and having enough sleep are of great _____ (important) to us.
【完成句子】
③This dictionary is _____（很有用）formiddle school students.
9. That writing system was of great importance in uniting theChinese people and culture.
这个书写体系对于中国人民与中国文化的统一具有非凡的意义。
重 难 点 全 解
【完成句子】
④ Although it is a second-hand table, it's _____（很大的价值）.
【完成句子】
⑤ Your suitcase is ______ （一样大）with mine.
【答案】
① of；in；② importance；
③ of great use/greatly useful
④ of great value/greatly valuable
⑤ of the same size
9. That writing system was of great importance in uniting theChinese people and culture.
这个书写体系对于中国人民与中国文化的统一具有非凡的意义。
重 难 点 全 解
10. ...no matter where Chinese people live or what dialect they speak， they can all still communicate in writing.······不论住在哪里，也不论说何种方言，中国人仍然能通过书写（汉字）进行交流。
“no matter + 疑问词” 引导让步状语从句
eg：No matter what difficulty you meet with,you must carry out your plan.
无论遇到什么困难，你都必须执行你的计划。
eg：No matter where he is, he gets into the habit of taking a walk before breakfast.不管在哪里，他养成了早餐前散步的习惯。
eg：No matter who you are, you should respect others.
不管你是谁，你都应该尊重别人。
eg：No matter when you need help, you can turn to me.
不管你什么时候需要帮助，你都可以向我求助。
eg：No matter how good the advertisement is, you must be careful.
不管广告有多么好，你都必须小心。
重 难 点 全 解
10. ...no matter where Chinese people live or what dialect they speak， they can all still communicate in writing.······不论住在哪里，也不论说何种方言，中国人仍然能通过书写（汉字）进行交流。
【词块背诵】（1）引导让步状语从句的词：
no matter where＝wherever 不管在哪里；no matter what＝ whatever；不管什么no matter which＝whichever 不管哪一个；no matter how＝however 不管怎样；no matter who＝whoever 不管是谁；no matter when＝whenever 不管什么时候；
（2）whatever，whichever和whoever也可引导名词性从句。引导名词性从句时，不可以替换为“no matter＋what／which／who”的形式。
eg：Whatever David says sounds right to Helen.
无论戴维说什么，海伦都觉得对。（主语从句）
eg：I would like to read whichever book you recommend.
你推荐哪本书，我就看哪一本。（宾语从句）
重 难 点 全 解
【单句语法填空】
① I‘ll do _____ I can to help you.
② I will lend my e-dictionary to _____ wants to look up words and promises to take good care of it.
③ _____ you are, you must obey the laws.
④ _____ hard he tried, he didn't catch up with the monitor.
10. ...no matter where Chinese people live or what dialect they speak， they can all still communicate in writing.······不论住在哪里，也不论说何种方言，中国人仍然能通过书写（汉字）进行交流。
重 难 点 全 解
【完成句子】
⑤ One can always manage to do more things _________（无论一个人的生活日程有多么满）.
⑥ I believe that we can overcome any difficulty, __________（无论它是什么）.
⑦ I'd like to go to have a meal with you __________（在你方便的任何时候）.
10. ...no matter where Chinese people live or what dialect they speak， they can all still communicate in writing.······不论住在哪里，也不论说何种方言，中国人仍然能通过书写（汉字）进行交流。
重 难 点 全 解
【答案】
① whatever；② whoever；
③ Wherever/Whoever/No matter where/No matter who ④ However/ No matter how；
⑤ however/no matter how full one's schedule is in life ⑥ whatever/no matter what it is.
⑦ whenever/no matter when it is convenient to you
10. ...no matter where Chinese people live or what dialect they speak， they can all still communicate in writing.······不论住在哪里，也不论说何种方言，中国人仍然能通过书写（汉字）进行交流。
重 难 点 全 解
11. Written Chinese has also become an important means..
汉字也成为······的一个重要媒介。
means n.方式；方法；途径
eg：For him the stage is just a means of making a living.
对他来说，戏剧表演只是谋生的一种手段。
eg：The engineers succeeded in completing the project by means of patience and hard work.工程师们通过耐心和努力工作成功完成了这个项目。
eg：-May I ask you several questions？我可以问您几个问题吗？
-By all means.当然可以。
eg：By no means will Jane agree to move to a new place far away from her workplace, because it isn't convenient for her family and herself.
简绝对不会同意搬到一个远离工作地点的新地方，因为这对她的家人和她自己都不方便。
重 难 点 全 解
11. Written Chinese has also become an important means..
汉字也成为······的一个重要媒介。
【词块背诵】
a means of...一种·····的方式；by any means 无论如何；by means of 依靠······方法；
by all means 可以，当然行（常用作交际用语）；
by no means一点儿也不，决不（置于句首时，句子用部分倒装）
【词义辨析】means，way，manner，method与approach
by...means 以······的方式；in...way 以······的方式；in...manner 以……的方式；
with...method 以······的方式；
an approach to（doing）sth.（做）······的方法
重 难 点 全 解
【单句语法填空】
① All possible means _____ (try)/Every possible means _____ (try),but we still can't solve the problem.
【单句语法填空】
③ Homework should not be used as a means _____ controlling children.
【单句语法填空】
② Nowadays many people travel across China _____ means of high-speed trains.
【单句语法填空】
④As _____ means of communication, the mobile phone has a lot of advantages.
11. Written Chinese has also become an important means..
汉字也成为······的一个重要媒介。
重 难 点 全 解
【完成句子】
⑤-Can I come and have a look at your new house
-Yes, __________（当然可以）！
【完成句子】
⑦ 我们决不能半途而废。
By no means __________ halfway.
【完成句子】
⑥ For the deaf and dumb couple the only__________（交流的方法）is sign language.
【答案】
① have been tried；has beentried ②by；③of；④a；⑤ by all means ⑥ means of communication；
⑦ can we give up
11. Written Chinese has also become an important means..
汉字也成为······的一个重要媒介。
重 难 点 全 解
12. The high regard for the Chinese writing system can be seen in the development of Chinese characters...中国人对其书写体系推崇备至，这体现在汉字发展··...·
regard n.尊重；关注；注意；［常pl.］问候；致意 vt.把······视为；看待（→regarding prep.关于；至于）
（1）eg：I had great regard for his abilities．我非常敬佩他的能力。
eg：He was driving without regard to speed limits.
他正开着车，根本不理会速度限制。
eg：Give my regards to your parents. 代我向你的父母问好。
eg：With regard to the party on July 1st, I shall be pleased to attend.
关于7月1日的聚会，我很乐意参加。
重 难 点 全 解
12. The high regard for the Chinese writing system can be seen in the development of Chinese characters...中国人对其书写体系推崇备至，这体现在汉字发展··...·
regard n.尊重；关注；注意；［常pl.］问候；致意 vt.把······视为；看待（→regarding prep.关于；至于）
(2) eg：My father has been highly regarded in our village.
我父亲在我们村子里很受尊重。
eg：I regard Henry as my best friend. 我把亨利当作最好的朋友。
(3) eg：Regarding air pollution, we still have a long way to go.
至于空气污染，我们还有很长的路要走。
重 难 点 全 解
12. The high regard for the Chinese writing system can be seen in the development of Chinese characters...中国人对其书写体系推崇备至，这体现在汉字发展··...·
regard n.尊重；关注；注意；［常pl.］问候；致意 vt.把······视为；看待（→regarding prep.关于；至于）
【词块背诵】
（1）have／show high regard for 重视……；
hold sb．in high regard 非常敬重某人；
give one＇s regards to 代某人向······问候
with／in regard to 关于；至于；
be regarded as 被看作
（2）regard…as 把······看作
重 难 点 全 解
【单句语法填空】
① Give our _____ (regard) to your English teacher.
② _____ (regard) judgment: the Internet has made me smarter in matters small and large.
③ His work is highly _____ (regard) by other painters.
④ He was regarded_____ a person with determination.
【单句语法填空】
⑤ _____ regard to disaster response, this is useful and important.
⑥ Nowadays,cycling,along with jogging and swimming, _____ (regard)as one of the best all-round forms of exercise.
⑦I had great regard _____ her abilities. She is a pop star liked by millions of fans.
12. The high regard for the Chinese writing system can be seen in the development of Chinese characters...中国人对其书写体系推崇备至，这体现在汉字发展··...·
重 难 点 全 解
【答案】
① regards；② Regarding
③ regarded；④ as；⑤ With/In；
⑥ is regarded；⑦ for
12. The high regard for the Chinese writing system can be seen in the development of Chinese characters...中国人对其书写体系推崇备至，这体现在汉字发展··...·
重 难 点 全 解
12. The high regard for the Chinese writing system can be seen in the development of Chinese characters...中国人对其书写体系推崇备至，这体现在汉字发展··...·
character n.文字；符号；人物，角色；性格；品质；特点；特征，特
色（→characteristic n.特征；特性adj.典型的，独特的）
eg：Mr. Brown loves to learn Chinese characters.
布朗先生热爱学习汉字。
eg：We are good friends and we are much alike in character.
我们是好朋友，性格也很相似。
eg：What else could make him behave so out of character
还有什么能使他的行为如此不符合他的性格呢？
重 难 点 全 解
12. The high regard for the Chinese writing system can be seen in the development of Chinese characters...中国人对其书写体系推崇备至，这体现在汉字发展··...·
character n.文字；符号；人物，角色；性格；品质；特点；特征，特
色（→characteristic n.特征；特性adj.典型的，独特的）
【词块背诵】in character 符合······的性格；out of character不符合······的性格
learn Chinese characters 学习汉字
a major／minor character in the book 书中的主要／次要人物
have a strong／weak character 个性强／软弱
the character of the nearby area 附近地区的风貌
【一言助记】
He described the character of the character he played with two characters.
他用两个字描述了他扮演的那个角色的性格。
重 难 点 全 解
【单句语法填空】
① The twin brothers are alike in appearance but differ greally _____ character.
② Her behavior last night was com. pletely out _____ character.
【写出 character 在句中的含义】
③ Which Chinese character would you choose to sum up the past year
④ Lu Xun made his characters live through their language in his stories.
12. The high regard for the Chinese writing system can be seen in the development of Chinese characters...中国人对其书写体系推崇备至，这体现在汉字发展··...·
重 难 点 全 解
【写出 character 在句中的含义】
⑤ We should take measures to preserve the character of the old town.
⑥ Though he seems a little weak,he has a strong character.
【答案】
① in；② of；③ 文字；④人物；角色；⑤ 特征，特色；⑥ 个性；性格
12. The high regard for the Chinese writing system can be seen in the development of Chinese characters...中国人对其书写体系推崇备至，这体现在汉字发展··...·
重 难 点 全 解
13. As China plays a greater role in global affairs, an increasing number of international students are beginning to appreciate China＇s culture and history...随着中国在全球事务中扮演着更为重要的角色，越来越多的国际学生开始了解和欣赏中国的文化和历史.
【词块背诵】
play a..part in在······中扮演····角色；在·····中起······作用；
play a role／part of 扮演······角色
play a..rolein 在·····中扮演······角色；参与；在······中起······作用
eg：The Internet plays a more and more important role/part in our life and work.互联网在我们的生活和工作中扮演着越来越重要的角色。
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【单句语法填空】
① The young man was chosen to play the role, _____ Hamlet.
② The actor felt excited that he would play a role _____ a play based on a true story.
【答案】
① of；
② in；
13. As China plays a greater role in global affairs, an increasing number of international students are beginning to appreciate China＇s culture and history...随着中国在全球事务中扮演着更为重要的角色，越来越多的国际学生开始了解和欣赏中国的文化和历史.
重 难 点 全 解
13. As China plays a greater role in global affairs, an increasing number of international students are beginning to appreciate China＇s culture and history...随着中国在全球事务中扮演着更为重要的角色，越来越多的国际学生开始了解和欣赏中国的文化和历史.
【词块背诵】public affairs 公共事务；
family affairs 家务事；political affairs 政治事务；
private／personal affairs 私事；
foreign affairs 外交事务；
international affairs 国际事务；
allair n.公共事务；事件；关系［→affairs（pl.）事务］
eg：Are you interested in international affairs？
你对国际事务感兴趣吗？
eg：I am not prepared to discuss the public affairs with you.
我不准备与你讨论公共事务。
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13. As China plays a greater role in global affairs, an increasing number of international students are beginning to appreciate China＇s culture and history...随着中国在全球事务中扮演着更为重要的角色，越来越多的国际学生开始了解和欣赏中国的文化和历史.
【词语辨析】affair，incident，accident& matter
affair：通常指重大事情或事件。多用复数，也可指小事。
incident：指历史上重要的事件或日常小事。
accident 指事故。
matter 常指麻烦事。
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【选词填空：affair／incident／accident／ matter】
①This ____drew theattention of the world.
② Young people should care about international _____.
③I don't know how to deal with the _____.
④Fortunately,no one got injured in the traffic _____.
【答案】
① incident；
② affairs；
③ matter；
④ accident
13. As China plays a greater role in global affairs, an increasing number of international students are beginning to appreciate China＇s culture and history...随着中国在全球事务中扮演着更为重要的角色，越来越多的国际学生开始了解和欣赏中国的文化和历史.
重 难 点 全 解
13. As China plays a greater role in global affairs, an increasing number of international students are beginning to appreciate China＇s culture and history...随着中国在全球事务中扮演着更为重要的角色，越来越多的国际学生开始了解和欣赏中国的文化和历史.
【说明】
a number of＋可数名词复数＋复数谓语动词；
the number of＋可数名词复数＋单数谓语动词；
eg：The number of people invited was forty, but a number of them were absent for various reasons．
被邀请的人数为40，但许多人由于各种原因没来。
a number of 许多的，大量的
eg：A large number of people have applied for the job.
许多人申请了这份工作。
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【单句语法填空】
① There _____ (be)an extremely large number of ants worldwide.
② The number of people killed in traffic accidents _____ (be) at least 400 last month.
【答案】
① are；
② was；
13. As China plays a greater role in global affairs, an increasing number of international students are beginning to appreciate China＇s culture and history...随着中国在全球事务中扮演着更为重要的角色，越来越多的国际学生开始了解和欣赏中国的文化和历史.
重 难 点 全 解
13. As China plays a greater role in global affairs, an increasing number of international students are beginning to appreciate China＇s culture and history...随着中国在全球事务中扮演着更为重要的角色，越来越多的国际学生开始了解和欣赏中国的文化和历史.
eg：I appreciate being given the chance to study further in China.
我很感激被给予在中国深造的机会。
eg：I'd appreciate you writing me back as soon as possible.
如果你能尽快给我回信，我将不胜感激。
eg：I would appreciate it if you could give me some advice.
如果你能给我一些建议，我将不胜感激。
appreciate （1）vt．欣赏，赏识；重视
eg：Anyone can appreciate our music. 任何人都能欣赏我们的音乐。
（2）vt．感激，感谢
【搭配】appreciate （ sb.）doing sth.感激（某人）做某事；
I would appreciate it if...如果·····我将不胜感激。
重 难 点 全 解
13. As China plays a greater role in global affairs, an increasing number of international students are beginning to appreciate China＇s culture and history...随着中国在全球事务中扮演着更为重要的角色，越来越多的国际学生开始了解和欣赏中国的文化和历史.
【词语积累】
appreciation n.欣赏；感激；
appreciative adj.感激的；
show appreciation to 向······表示感激；
in appreciation of／for... 感谢……；
eg：Here I sincerely expressed my appreciation if you could help find the lost suitcase.如果您能帮我找到丢失的手提箱，我在此表示衷心的感谢。
【学法点拨】
（1）appreciate接“事”作宾语：I appreciate your help．我感激你的帮助。thank接“人”作宾语：Thank you for your help.谢谢你的帮助。
（2）hate， love，like， dislike，appreciate，prefer后通常先接it再接 when或if引导的从句，it指代后面从句的内容。
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【单句语法填空】
① I greatly appreciate you _____ (bring) me so much enjoyment.
②I will appreciate _____ if you immediately make an reply to me. And I sincerely long to meet you early.
③ I wish to express my _____ (appreciate) for your kindness.
【完成句子】
④ __________ （如果······我将不胜感激）youcould give me some instructions on how to learn chemistry.
⑤ He __________（向····表示感谢）those who gave him encouragement and help when he was in trouble.
13. As China plays a greater role in global affairs, an increasing number of international students are beginning to appreciate China＇s culture and history...随着中国在全球事务中扮演着更为重要的角色，越来越多的国际学生开始了解和欣赏中国的文化和历史.
重 难 点 全 解
【答案】
① bringing；② it；③ appreciation；
④ I would appreciate it if；
⑤ showed appreciation to；
13. As China plays a greater role in global affairs, an increasing number of international students are beginning to appreciate China＇s culture and history...随着中国在全球事务中扮演着更为重要的角色，越来越多的国际学生开始了解和欣赏中国的文化和历史.
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