(共35张PPT)
定语从句
The Attributive Clause
Listen and observe：
She is the one that you never forget.
She is the heaven-sent angel (who) you met.
She must be the reason why God made a girl.
She is so pretty all over the world.
1. God helps those who help themselves.
自助者天助之。
2. He who laughs last laughs best.
谁笑到最后，谁笑的最好。
3. He who doesn’t reach the Great Wall is not a true man.
不到长城非好汉。
4.Nothing in the world is difficult for one who sets his mind to it.
世上无难事，只怕有心人。
定语从句在谚语中的运用
语法要点
语法要点
语法要点
高考怎么考？
1语法填空题考查关系词的填写
2写作（使用定语从句让文章增色）
1. Architects in ancient China, _______ paid special attention to decoration, used different colors or paintings according to particular building functions or local customs.
2. In 2011, I went to China on a 3-week tour, as a result of _______, I wanted to know China better where Tai-Chi originated.
3. This is Mr. Smith, ___ I think has something interesting to tell us.
4. You haven’t fully decided what you want from your career at the moment, ______ _______ circumstances you may feel at a loss where to put your efforts in.
5. Creating an atmosphere __________ employees feel part of a team is a big challenge.
who
which
who
under which
where/in which
小试牛刀
6. The two things _______ ________ Marx was not sure were the grammar and some of the idioms of English.
7. In Wasdale there is a mysterious dark lake, ______ ______ the depth has never been measured.
8. Is this the museum ______ _______ Van Gogh’s precious painting is stored
9. The family who ______ (be) fond of playing tennis moved yesterday.
10. She married a young guy from a distant country, _________ was unexpected.
of/about which
of which
in which
are
which
小试牛刀
看看你的段位如何？
铸铁(+5)、青铜(+6)、白银(+7)、黄金(+8)、白金(+9)、钻石(+10)
你在哪个段位呢？如果错误略多，也没有关系，毕竟贴心的我们还给大家准备了更多讲解。最终，He who laughs last laughs best.
笑到最后，才是笑得最好；毕竟，All is well that ends well，结果好就一切都好。
1. Architects in ancient China, _______ paid special attention to decoration, used different colors or paintings according to particular building functions or local customs.
中国古代的建筑师特别注重装饰，他们根据特定的建筑功能或当地风俗习惯使用不同的颜色或绘画。
(先行词是architects，不是China)
Zhejiang Province plans to roll out a pilot credit system for parents, _________ will give them priority for activities organized by education authorities.
(先行词是system，不是parents)
who
举一反三: Tip1 找准先行词
which
2. In 2011, I went to China on a 3-week tour, as a result of _______, I wanted to know China better where Tai-Chi originated.
举一反三: Tip2 主从复合句？还是并列句？
比较：
1) In 2011, I went to China on a 3-week tour. As a result of that, I wanted to know China better where Tai-Chi originated.
2) In 2011, I went to China on a 3-week tour, and as a result of that, I wanted to know China better where Tai-Chi originated.
Mike invited roughly 40 people to his wedding, most of ______ are his close friends.
Mike invited roughly 40 people to his wedding, and most of _____ are his close friends.
简单句
并列分句
which
whom
them
3. This is Mr. Smith, ___ I think has something interesting to tell us.
举一反三: Tip3 确定先行词在从句中充当的成分:主、宾还是状语
who
这是史密斯先生，我想他有一些有趣的事情要告诉我们。(I think 是定语从句中的插入成分，所以定语从句仍然缺主语)
eg:I will hire the man ________ they say is a good English teacher.
who
4. You haven’t fully decided what you want from your career at the moment, ______ _______ circumstances you may feel at a loss where to put your efforts in.
你还没有完全决定你想从你的职业生涯中得到什么，在这种情况下，你可能会茫然不知该在哪里努力。(under the circumstances 为固定搭配，意思是“在这种情况下”) which作定语
under which
who, they say是定语从句中的插入成分，从句缺主语
5. Creating an atmosphere ______________ employees feel part of a team is a big challenge.
举一反三: Tip3 确定先行词在从句中充当的成分:主、宾还是状语
创造一种让员工感觉自己是团队的一部分的氛围是一个很大的挑战。(atmosphere 在定语从句中做状语，因此答案为in which = where)
where/in which
对比：He has a gift for creating an atmosphere ___________ allows employees to feel part of a team is a big challenge.
从句缺少主语，用which / that
that/which
This is the house _______ I worked two years ago.
(状语，in which = where)
This is the house ________ I visited two years ago.
(宾语， which / that / 省略)
where
that/which
对比练习：
This is the house _________ I paid a visit 2 years ago.
I’ll never forget the day ________ I went to school.
I’ll never forget the day ___________ I spent with you together.
I have doubt about his reason ___ he couldn’t make it to the meeting yesterday.
I have doubt about the reason _________ he gave for his absence from the meeting yesterday.
to which
when
which / that
why
which / that
(少介词，to which)
(先行词reason在从句中作状语，for which = why)
(状语， on which = when)
(宾语，which / that / 省略)
(先行词reason在从句中作宾语，which / that / 省略)
举一反三: Tip4 注意介词的搭配
6. The two things _______ ________ Marx was not sure were the grammar and some of the idioms of English.
of/about which
考虑两因素：与先行词的搭配关系；与谓语动词的搭配习惯。
She showed the visitors around the museum, the construction _____
________ had taken more than three years.
Mr. White raised an embarrassing question ______ _______he then failed to find an answer.
of
which
to which
举一反三: Tip5 注意抽象地点用where 引导定从
1.The book is of great benefit to me in my daily life, especially at work _______ good communication is a must.
2.In response to his request, I wrote a letter _________ I offered some sincere advice on learning Chinese culture.
3. He has a case ________ he is being charged with theft.
4. He was driving so fast as to get himself into a dangerous situation _______ he is likely to lose control of his car.
Where引导的定语从句还可以修饰抽象空间的名词如case(情形)，situation, position(位置),stage (阶段)，point（地步）等
举一反三: Tip6 所有格用whose
7. In Wasdale there is a mysterious dark lake, ______ ______ the depth has never been measured.
of which
of which the depth = whose depth
The poor student, all of _________ books and living expenses are paid by the Hope Project, is admitted by Peking University.
whose
whose+名词=the +名词+of whom/which
=of whom/which+ the +名词
【即时训练】
1.【2018天津】Kae, _________sister I shared a room with when we were at college, has gone to work in Australia.
2.(2017江苏)In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Programme, one of _______ purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation.
3. He lives in the room, ________ window faces the south/ _____ ________ the window faces the south.
4. This is Mr Green, ________ ___________ help I’ve made great progress in English.
whose
whose
whose
of which
with whose
举一反三: Tip7 如遇疑问句，先还原为陈述句再作答
8. Is this the museum ______ _______ Van Gogh’s precious painting is stored
in which
Is this the school __________ your father studied
(先行词为the school，答案为in which = where)
Is this school _________ we visited last year
(添加先行词，答案为 the one (which / that)
9. The family who ______ (be) fond of playing tennis moved yesterday.
举一反三: Tip8 主谓一致
are
Mary is the only one of the girls who _______ (be) fond of dancing.
(the only one为先行词，定语从句的谓语动词用单数is)
Mary is one of the girls who _________ (be) fond of dancing.
(one of the girls中，girls为先行词，定语从句的谓语动词用复数are)
10. She married a young guy from a distant country, _________ was unexpected.
举一反三: Tip9 特殊关系代词as与which 区别
which
(非限制性定语从句，关系代词指代前面整个一句话，用which，注意，此句中，which不能用as代替)
There is no simple answer, ________ is often the case in science.
as
1. He failed in the driving test again, _________surprised us all.
2. He failed in the driving test again, _________we had expected.
3. _________ is often the case with Jim, he was fined for speeding.
4.The air quality in the city, ______ is shown in the report, has improved over the past two months.
which
as
As
as
【要点精讲】
1.as用作关系代词，引导非限制性定语从。
2.位于主句的前、中、后，强调前后逻辑一致，表示“正如……。
3.从句多含有see, know, expect, tell, report等动词；
4.which和as用法区别：
①位置上：which从句只能位于主句之后，as从句位于主句的前中后；
②逻辑上：which强调前后不一；as强调前后逻辑一致，“正如”；
③句式上：which多用于“which+动词+宾语”句型；
as多用于as we all know/see, as is often the case with sb等句型。
I’m deeply grateful to you for teaching me the way _______ I can have a better understanding of English.
(way在定语从句中充当方式状语，答案为 in which / that / 省略)
I’m deeply grateful to you for teaching me the way ________ helps me a lot in English acquisition.
(way在定语从句中充当主语，答案为 which / that)
the way 作为先行词的特殊定语从句
指物时只用that情况
1.which用作关系代词，指物；在句中作主语、宾语；
2.只用which不用that的情况：
①引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是整个主句或主句一部分，前边有逗号为标志；
②用于“介词+关系代词”结构，如in which, both of which等。
【即时训练】
1. (2020江苏) Many lessons are now available online, from __________ students can choose for free.
2. (2018北京)She and her family bicycle to work, _________ helps them keep fit.
3. (2017北京)The little problems ______ we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions.
4. (2017全国III) But Sarah, has taken part in shows along with top models wants to prove that she has brains as well as beauty.
which
which
that/which
who
定语从句
在写作中的运用
1.You 'd better make full preparations before class and have a biref understanding of Tang Dynasty, ___________________
___________________________.
(2017全国I卷 写作） (使你容易通过这门课）
2.（2020全国I卷“身边值得尊敬和爱戴的人）
There are many reasons why I admire him. In March ,he volunteered to go to WuHan, determined to help those suffering from COVID-19 despite the risk of being infected ,which made me promote the understanding of bravery and responsibility .
which makes it easy for you to go through the clIass
3. (2022甲) 设立“世界海洋日”是为了提高保护海洋意识，在全球生态系统中发挥至关重要作用。
World Oceans Day was set up to raise awareness of protecting the oceans, which plays a crucial part in global ecosystem.
4. (2022新高考I) 这是一个很不错栏目，你可以在这里和学生分享自己的想法。
This is an amazing program where you can share your ideas
with students.
5. (2022甲) 面临互联网各种各样信息，我们不能分辨真假，这对于我们的学习和生活非常有害。
Faced with all kinds of information on the internet, we can't tell the difference between the true and the false, which may be harmful to our study and life.
6. (2021乙) 首先，我们最好在家遵循学校时间表，这肯定会有助于我们学习效率。
First of all, we'd better obey our school timetable at home, which will surely contribute to our learning productivity.
7. (2021新高考I) 该报纸推崇很多栏目，其中中国文化是我最喜欢的。
The newspaper boasts a variety of columns, of which Chinese culture is my favorite.
8. (2021新高考I) 我感到郁闷时，我会选择阅读小说中含有很多想象情节部分。
When feeling depressed, I often choose to enjoy the novel part which includes a lot of imaginative stories.
9. (2021北京) 我被告知去乡下看望生病的爷爷，他突然住院了。
I’ve just been told that I have to go and visit my sick grandfather in the countryside, who was suddenly admitted to the hospital.
10. (2021浙江) 多数学生看好这次展览，这提供一个平台让他们了解中国之美，体验中国艺术的魅力。
Most of the students think highly of this exhibition，which provides a platform for them to explore the beauty of China and experience the charm of Chinese art.
11. (2020全国I) 就我来说，我爸爸是我最崇拜的人。
As for me, my father is the person I respect most.
12. (2020全国II) 我们先采摘那些色彩鲜艳的桃子，然后摘那些成熟柔软的桃子。
We first picked the peaches that were most beautiful in color, then those that were ripe and soft.
