译林版（2019）必修三： Unit 4 Scientists who changed the world Grammar and Usage（2） 课件(29张ppt)

(共29张PPT)
English spoken by 卷福
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偏袒 2. 信用 3. ignore的名词
4. 许可证 5. 官方 6. 否定
7. 表明 8. 理论 9. 电
10. 政治家
favor 2. credit 3. ignorance
permit 5. authority 6. negate
7. indicate 8. theory 9. electricity
10. politician
Verb-ed forms as attributives,
adverbials and object complements
Grammar and usage
　1. Tu Youyou has become the first female scientist of the People’s Republic of China to receive a Nobel Prize, awarded for her contribution to the fight against malaria, one of the deadliest diseases in human history.
　2. To speed up the process and ensure its safety, Tu and her team volunteered to test qinghao extract on themselves first.
to-infinitive as attributive
to-infinitive as adverbial of purpose
Find to-infinitives and figure out their functions.
Lead-in
　1. She completed further training courses in traditional Chinese medicine, acquiring a broad knowledge of both traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine.
　2. When there was no research equipment, they had to extract herbs using household water containers.
　3. Perhaps the next generation of scientists, drawing on the wisdom of traditional Chinese medicine, will indeed discover more medicines beneficial to global health care.
verb-ing forms as adverbials
Find verb-ing forms and figure out their functions.
Lead-in
Find verb-ed forms and figure out their functions.
Lead-in
　4. Born in 1930, in Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, Tu studied medicine at university in Beijing between 1951 and 1955.
　5. Inspired by an over 1,600-year-old text about preparing qinghao extract with cold water, Tu redesigned the experiments.
verb-ed forms as adverbials
Find verb-ed forms and figure out their functions.
Lead-in
Why in the above two sentences verb-ed forms
are used rather than verb-ing forms
Exploring the rules
The verb-ed form can be used like an adjective or an adverb, indicating a(n) (1) _______(active/passive) meaning.
passive
Rule 1
Exploring the rules
Verb-ed forms as attributives something produced by the mould
Verb-ed forms as adverbials
Verb-ed forms as object complements
the prepared mind
surprised by this
get its mass production started
Henry is reading a science magazine article about a world-changing discovery. Find the verb-ed forms in the article and fill in the table below. The first has been done for you.
The verb-ed form can appear before or after a noun or pronoun. It modifies the noun or pronoun like a(n) (2)_____________ (relative clause/adverbial clause).
relative clause
Rule 2
Rule 3
The verb-ed form can be used as an adverbial or an object complement.
Exploring the rules
Verb-ed forms as attributives
观察下列句子中动词-ed形式作定语的位置
· The results indicated that something produced by the mould had killed the bacteria.
· Fortune favours the prepared mind.
单个动词-ed形式作定语，常被置于被修饰词之前；
动词-ed形式短语作定语，常被置于被修饰词之后。
注意1：
总结1：
动词-ed形式通常表示被动含义, 但不及物动词的-ed形式除外。
a respected writer
=a writer who is respected
trained employees
=employees who have been
trained before
the sunken ship
=the ship that has sunken
fallen leaves
=leaves that have fallen
比
较
及物动词的动词-ed形式作定语，通常既表已经完成，又可以表被动的意义。
不及物动词的-ed形式作定语，常表示已发生的动作。
总结：
注意2：
Verb-ed forms as attributives
1. Most of the people (invite) to the party are
　famous scientists.
2. The EMS (post) yesterday will reach my
　brother in three days.
3. There has been nothing (change) here since
　I left this city.
4. She is a (respect) teacher.
invited
posted
changed
Practice
respected
Verb-ed forms as adverbials
注意1:
观察下列句子中的动词-ed形式表达的意义
· Seen from the top of the mountain, the river looks like a dragon.
· Greatly interested, I began to read the book.
· The professor entered the hall, followed by a group of students.
动词-ed形式作状语，常表示时间、原因、伴随情况等。
总结1:
特别提醒：
Given more time, he could finish the task. ( √ )
Given more time, I think he could finish the task. (×)
动词-ed形式作状语，其逻辑主语与句子主语一致。
Rewrite the following sentences, verb-ed forms as adverbials.
1. He was buried in an ocean of loneliness and felt left out.
Buried in an ocean of loneliness, he felt left out.
2. As she was given advice by the famous detective, the
　girl was no longer afraid.
Given advice by the famous detective, the girl was no
　longer afraid.
3. Even if he was laughed at by many people, he　
　continued his research.
Laughed at by many people, he continued his research.
Practice
Verb-ed forms as object complements
注意1：观察什么动词后常接动词-ed形式作宾语补足语？
1. I heard him criticized many times.
2. You will see this product advertised wherever you go.
3. They will have you arrested if you don't pay your taxes.
总结1：
动词-ed形式可在see, hear, notice, feel, have, make, keep, leave等动词后作宾语补足语。
Fill in the blanks, using the correct verb forms.
1. I watched him _____ (step) off the pavement and _________(disappear) into the post office.
2. The hall was too noisy for the speaker to make himself _____ (hear).
3. We found all the rivers seriously __________ (pollute).
4. Alice got her bad tooth __________ (pull out) in the hospital.
step
polluted
disappear
pulled out
heard
Practice
1. The scientist who has been highly praised won an award.
2. The experiment that is mentioned in your article is interesting.
3. The patients soon recovered because they were treated with the new medicine.
　 　Rewrite the following sentences using verb-ed forms as attributives, adverbials or object complements.
B1
The highly praised scientist won an award.
The experiment mentioned in your article is interesting.
Treated with the new medicine, the patients soon recovered.
Applying the rules
4. The scientist found that the equipment in the laboratory had been destroyed.
5. Once this report is finished, it will be very useful for future research.
The scientist found the equipment in the laboratory destroyed.
Once finished, this report will be very useful for future research.
　 　Rewrite the following sentences using verb-ed forms as attributives, adverbials or object complements.
B1
Applying the rules
After being rewritten, in sentences ____, the verb-ed
forms are used as attributives; in sentences ____, the
verb-ed forms are used as adverbials; in sentences ___,
the verb-ed forms are used as object complement.
1 The highly praised scientist won an award.
2 The experiment mentioned in your article is interesting.
3 Treated with the new medicine, the patients soon recovered.
4 The scientist found the equipment in the laboratory destroyed.
5 Once finished, this report will be very useful for future research.
1, 2
3, 5
4
B2
Henry is reading an article about Franklin’s kite plete the article below with the correct verb-ed forms or verb-ing forms.
　Benjamin Franklin was a famous scientist, writer, printer, inventor and politician. As a scientist, he was well known for his kite experiment. The story goes like this:Franklin had found lightning (1) _________ (interest) for years, believing it was actually electricity. He designed an experiment to prove his theory.
　He worked out that by flying a kite during a thunderstorm, electricity could go through the wet kite line down to the earth. (2) _________ (know) it was too dangerous to hold the wet line, Franklin held a silk ribbon (3) ____(tie) to the end of it. He made sure the silk ribbon stayed dry so that the electricity would not go through his body. Then he attached a metal key where the ribbon and kite line joined. When a thunderstorm approached, the lightning would charge the key. (4) _________ (conduct) on a stormy day in 1752, his experiment proved lightning was really just electricity.
　Franklin had his theory (5) _________ (accept) by many people. However, some people questioned whether he had actually done the experiment, (6) _________ (argue) that if he had really done it, he would have received a deadly electric shock. Whatever the truth, Franklin did make contributions to the studies of electricity.
interesting
Knowing
tied
Conducted
accepted
arguing
B3
　 Read the notes below about Alfred Wegener and his theory of continental drift. Then write a short paragraph using verb-ed forms, verb-ing forms and to-infinitives. The beginning has been written for you.
Looked at a world map and found the eastern coastline of South America and the western coastline of Africa could fit together;
Did more research and put forward the theory of continental drift;
Published his ideas in The Origin of Continents and Oceans;
People did not accept his theory partly because:
it challenged many theories at that time;
Wegener could not explain the driving force behind continental drift.
Looking at a world map, Alfred Wegener found ...
　Looking at a world map, Alfred Wegener found something amazing: the eastern coastline of South America and the western coastline of Africa seemed to fit together. He did more research to find out what caused this. Having collected enough evidence, he put forward his theory of continental drift. Then he had his ideas published in The Origin of Continents and Oceans. However, people did not believe in his theory. For one thing, it challenged many scientific theories widely accepted at that time. For another, Wegener failed to explain the driving force causing the continents to drift apart.
Sample
Finish Part C on page 76.
homework
________________________________________
完成第41 期报纸的彩色版。
消化今天所学的两个语篇。明天检测。